JPH0335882B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention aims to expand and soften the soil by blowing compressed air vigorously into the deep layer of the soil and causing cracks in the cultivated soil by this jet flow. The present invention also relates to a self-propelled tillage soil improvement machine that is capable of supplying air into the soil.

[Conventional technology]

As this type of soil improvement machine, a manual type is known, such as the one described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-56603 (Blower-type Soil Improvement Machine), which was previously proposed by the applicant. , JP-A-58-126701 (Plowing platform expansion device) and JP-A-58-216601 (Automatic plowing depth device), in which a blower device is mounted on a self-propelled vehicle such as a tractor so that it can be raised and lowered, are disclosed. (Self-propelled vehicles with self-propelled vehicles) etc.

The former prior art (described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-56603) involves manually moving the soil conditioner and manually operating the blower at the moved position, whereas the latter prior art ( Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-126701
(described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-216601) is easy to move because the working part, the blower device, is mounted on a self-propelled vehicle such as a tractor, and the compressor, etc. However, these prior art systems temporarily stop the self-propelled vehicle at the fume position and move the fume device up and down while it is stationary to generate the fume gas. Since self-propelled vehicles are configured to be operated, they must frequently run and stop during work, and although they are easier to move than the former manual type, the improvement in work efficiency is not that great. I can't wait.

Therefore, in order to achieve swelling and softening of cultivated soil by air fumes even while driving, the fumarole part is plunged into the soil and the soil is towed. A soil swelling and softening machine which causes cracks in cultivated soil by blowing air into the soil to cause swelling and softening of the soil has been separately proposed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 125201/1983.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

By the way, the self-propelled soil improvement work machine as seen in the above-mentioned prior art has the following problems. In other words, in this type of self-propelled soil improvement work machine, the fumarole part plunges into the soil and is pulled forward, so there is a large traction resistance on the support part (fumarole strut) of the fumarole part as it moves through the soil. It is something that happens. This also applies to subsoil crushers, which are generally known as similar working machines for cultivating soil improvement.
Traditionally, this has been considered the biggest problem, and due to this large traction resistance, the towing vehicle for this type of work equipment requires a large, high-horsepower tractor, etc., and the overall size of the work equipment has to be increased. Ta.

The present invention was proposed with the aim of solving the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a self-propelled soil improvement work machine that is devised to significantly reduce traction resistance. This made it possible to downsize the towing vehicle.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve this object, the tillage soil improvement work machine according to the present invention has a self-propelled vehicle equipped with a fumarole column that is attached to the vehicle and is towed by the vehicle and moves vertically into the soil. , a compressed air supply source comprising a main blow nozzle at the lower end and a sub blow nozzle at a position above the main blow nozzle, and both of these blow nozzles are installed above ground through air supply passages provided along the respective pillars. At the same time, a valve mechanism for controlling air jets from each of the jet nozzles is provided in this air supply system, and the position and pressure of the jets from each jet nozzle are changed during the underground movement, and the jets are emitted in multiple stages. It is characterized by this.

[Effect]

With the above configuration, the self-propelled tillage improvement work machine of the present invention has a plurality of main and sub-spray nozzles for compressed air that causes cracks in the tilled soil, and while moving into the soil,
Since the fumarole is applied to almost the entire area of the cultivated soil in front of the fumarole column, the fumarole column always moves through the cultivated soil that has expanded and softened due to cracks, and the traction resistance of the column is greatly reduced, making it difficult for towing tractors to move. It is also possible to make it small and have low horsepower.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a well-known riding type tractor, and a three-point link device 4 consisting of a top link 2 and a lower link 3 is provided at the rear of the tractor 1. Accordingly, the tilled soil improving work machine 5 according to the present invention is mounted on the rear part of the tractor 1 so as to be movable up and down.

As shown in FIG. 2, the tillage improvement work machine 5 includes a hollow main body frame 6 extending in the left-right direction, a top mast 7 connected to the top link 2, and a lower link pin 8 connected to the lower link 3. In addition, a mounting base 9 is extended to the rear of the main body frame 6 at the rear position of the top mast 7, and a compressor 10 and a main tank 11 are mounted on the mounting base 9 in the front and rear. An input shaft 10a of the compressor 10 protrudes forward, and this input shaft 10a
Power is transmitted from the PTO shaft 1a of the tractor 1 through a power transmission system 12 consisting of a universal joint and a propeller shaft. The compressed air compressed by the compressor 10 is stored in the main tank 11 via the communication pipe 13, and although not shown here, the compressor 10 and the main tank 11 are equipped with a pressure meter and a pressure meter in the main tank 11. A safety valve, an unloader, etc. are provided to control the compressed air inside so that it does not exceed a predetermined pressure. Note that these compressor 10 and main tank 11 may be provided on the tractor 1 side.

A pair of fume struts 14 are attached to the left and right end portions of the main body frame 6, and the fume struts 14 hang downwardly. , air jets 24 as sub-steam nozzles are installed in upper and lower positions in upper and lower positions, and each of the air jets 15 and 24 is installed substantially horizontally in the front-rear direction. Furthermore, this fumarole column 1
4 is slightly inclined so that its lower end is located slightly forward of the upper base when viewed from the side, a blade edge 14a is formed on its front edge, and an air supply pipe 16 is attached to its back. There is.

As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 3, the air fume body 15 as the main fume nozzle described above has a cylindrical part 15a fixed to the lower end of the fume strut 14 with its axis oriented in the front-rear direction. On the front side of this cylindrical part 15a, a pointed tip part 15b having an arrow point shape is formed on the tip side, and a narrow diameter part 15c is formed behind the tip part 15b. This is what happens. A vent hole 17 is provided from the cylindrical portion 15a to the narrow diameter portion 15c, and the tip of the vent hole 17 communicates with the blowhole 18.

Therefore, the fumarole 18 is provided on the side of the narrow diameter part 15c, which has a smaller diameter than the diameter of the tip part 15b, so that the fumarole 18 does not become clogged while it is moving in the soil. The diameter is the tip part 15b
The large diameter cylindrical part 15a seals as it advances through the soil passage hole at the tip part 15b, so that the compressed air ejected from the fumarole 18 blows backward. It prevents The other end of the vent hole 17 opened to the air jet 15 communicates with the lower end of the air supply pipe 16 , and the upper end of the air supply pipe 16 connects to the base of the jet strut 14 via a solenoid valve 19 . It is communicated with first sub-tanks 20 provided on both sides.

On the other hand, the air fumarole 24 as the sub fumarole nozzle is formed by providing a fumarole hole 25 in a narrow diameter part 24a of a projecting body that protrudes forward from the fume strut 14. Compared to the side blowholes 18, the blowout amount of compressed air is smaller and the size of the blowholes is smaller. The sub blowhole 25 is connected to the support column 14 and communicated with an air supply passage 16a, and the upper end of the air supply passage 16a is communicated with the second sub tank 20a via a solenoid valve 19a.

The solenoid valves 19 and 19a provided on the main and sub air supply systems are connected to the compressor 10.
Each solenoid valve 19 is opened and closed separately by a switch mechanism in a switch box 19b provided at the rear of the solenoid valve 19.The opening and closing of these valves 19 is due to the action described below, so when one solenoid valve 19 is opened, the first solenoid valve 19 is The compressed air in the first sub-tank 20 is sequentially emitted into the soil from the main-side blowhole 18 at intervals of B ₁ , B _{2 .} . . shown in Fig. 4, and when the other solenoid valve 19a is opened, the 2 sub tank 2
The compressed air in 0a flows from the sub-side blowhole 25 to the fourth
The timing is set so that fumes are sequentially emitted into the soil at intermediate positions C between B ₁ , B ₂ . . . shown in the figure.

The first and second sub-tanks 20, 20a
is communicated with the main tank 11 via a communication pipe 21, and the solenoid valves 19, 19a
Immediately after opening the sub-tanks 20, 20a and blowing out the compressed air stored in the sub-tanks 20, 20a from the blowholes 18, 25, the compressed air flows from the main tank 11 into the sub-tanks 20, 20a through the communication pipe 2.
1 to fill and accumulate pressure.

A coulter 23 is supported on the front side of the fumarole column 14 via a support arm 22 extending forward from the main body frame 6, and is configured to cut the soil surface on which the fume column 14 moves to a predetermined depth. ing. Furthermore, in the above configuration, the hollow inside of the main body frame 6 may be used as a sub-tank, and the fume strut 14 and the air fume body 15 may be used as a sub-tank.
is not limited to two as shown in the figure, but may be more than two. Further, the opening/closing means for the valve 19 may be replaced with other known mechanisms and may be opened/closed automatically or manually.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

The tillage improvement work machine 5 is attached to the rear of the tractor 1 via a three-point linkage device 4, and
Rotational power is transmitted from the PTO shaft 1a to the input shaft 10a of the compressor 10 via the power transmission system 12. When advancing, the fumarole strut 14 and the air fume 15 are plunged from the ground to a predetermined depth and are towed by the tractor 1. During this towing, the coulter 23 cuts the field topsoil to a predetermined depth and then pulls it out. The fumarole column 14 advances while cutting the soil left and right, and the air fumarole 15 advances horizontally in the deep layer.

During this process, the solenoid valves 19 and 19a are opened by operating a switch in the switchbox 19b at a predetermined timing.
As a result, the compressed air stored in the first sub-tank 20 passes through the air supply pipe 16 and the vent hole 17 and is vigorously blown out from the main side blowhole 18, and the compressed air in the second sub-tank 20a passes through the air supply pipe 16 and the vent hole 17. 1
The gas is emitted from the sub-side blowhole 25 through the blowhole 6a. As shown in FIG. 4, this ejection of high-pressure air causes cracks to occur in the soil, causing the soil to swell and soften.

At this time, the timing of the fumarole from the main fumarole hole 18 is such that the crack occurrence areas D ₁ and D ₂ caused by the fumes at the fume positions B ₁ and B ₂ shown in FIG.
The spacing L of the jets is set so that they do not overlap each other in the traveling direction. This is the crack occurrence area D ₁ ,
This is because when D ₂ polymerizes, blowing air blows through the polymerized portion, making it impossible to expect a sufficient cracking effect.

With such a fumarole interval L, while moving from the previous stage fumarole position B ₁ to the next stage fumarole position B ₂ , the fumarole column 14 is located in the crack occurrence area C ₁ caused by the previous stage fumarole position B ₁ . Although it is expected that the traction resistance will be reduced by passing through the
The passage of _D1 is the section from point X to point Y, and after that, the section from point Z to the next fumarole position _B2 is the section where the fumarole column 14 passes through the cultivated soil where cracks do not occur.
will pass through, resulting in an increase in traction resistance in this section.

In this case, in the present invention, the main side blowhole 18
Since the opening/closing timing of the solenoid valve 19a is set so that the injection from the sub-side injection hole 25 occurs at each intermediate position C between the injection injection positions B ₂ , B ₂ . . . A sub-side fumarole hole 25 is located between fumarole positions B ₁ and B ₂ .
A crack (crack area E) occurs due to fumes from the area.

Due to the occurrence of this crack region E, the fumarole column 1
4, when the fumarole position B ₁ on the main side moves from B 1 to B ₂ . Since the vehicle passes through the crack occurrence region E, an increase in traction resistance in that section can be avoided.

In this way, the fumarole column 14 always moves through the swollen and softened soil in the area where cracks occur, so the traction resistance is greatly reduced, and the cultivated soil is removed from the main fumarole hole 18. In the intermediate part between the crack generation areas D ₁ and D ₂ due to fumarole, there is further a crack generation area E due to fume from the sub-fumarole hole 25.
As a result, the entire surface of the deep cultivated soil can be swollen and aggregated.

As mentioned above, the sub-fumarole hole 25 is smaller than the main-side fumarole hole 18 and has a small amount of fumarole, so its crack occurrence area E is also small, and the fumarole positions B ₁ and B on the main side are small. Since the fumes are emitted at an intermediate position between _{the two} , there is no inconvenience that the main fume stream blows through from this part.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and in this embodiment, the air jet 24 as the sub-spray nozzle described above is arranged to protrude largely forward with respect to the jet stanchion 14. , are different from those of the previous embodiment, and the other configurations are the same as those of the previous example, so corresponding members are given the same reference numerals and explanations thereof will be omitted.

In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the blowhole 2 on the sub side
5 is placed far ahead of the main side fumarole 18, both fumaroles 18, 25
This has the advantage of being able to synchronize the timing of the jets.

In each example, the fumaroles 18 and 25 are
On the tip side of the air jet 15, the narrow diameter portion 1
5c and 24a, the fumarole holes 18 and 25 both pass through the soil passage hole formed at the tip, and as a result, the fumarole holes 18 and 2
No. 5 clogging is prevented. Further, since the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 15a is larger than that of the tip portion 15b, the large diameter cylindrical portion 15a acts to seal the soil passage hole of the tip portion 15b, thereby allowing high-pressure air to Since the high-pressure air does not blow backward through the soil passage hole formed at the rear of the columnar portion 15a, the high-pressure air is blown into the sealed soil and can reliably cause cracks in the cultivated soil.

Note that the air jets from the left and right blowholes 18, 18 may be jetted at the same time, but they may be jetted alternately, and the jet pressure may be varied.

Note that the high pressure air ejected from the fumarole 18 is
For example, the thickness and shape of the fumarole support 14 above the air fumarole 15 may be changed as appropriate in order to reduce the loss that blows through to the above ground through the space between the support 14 and the soil. be. Furthermore, if the blade edge of the strut is shaped like an arrowhead, the traction resistance of the jet strut 14 will be further reduced from this point as well.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the self-propelled tillage improving machine of the present invention, the compressed air blow nozzles that cause cracks in the tilled soil are provided in a plurality of main and sub-spray nozzles. Since the sub-side fumes are generated at an intermediate position between the main side fumarole intervals to create intermediate cracks, the fume struts always move through the cultivated soil that has expanded and softened due to cracks. traction resistance can be significantly reduced. As a result, according to the present invention,
Since the traction resistance is small, the towing vehicle can be downsized, and the effect can be achieved by equipping it to a small, low horsepower tractor, etc. to accomplish tillage improvement work.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a side view showing one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a side view showing one embodiment of the present invention;
3 is an enlarged view of the fume strut portion, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the operation, and FIG. 5 is a side view of another embodiment of the present invention. 1...Tractor, 1a...PTO axis, 2...Top link, 3...Lower link, 4...3-point link device, 5...Soil improvement work machine, 6...Main frame, 7...Top mast, 8...Lower link pin, 9...Mounting stand, 10...Compressor, 10a...
Input shaft, 11... Main tank, 12... Power transmission system, 13, 21... Communication pipe, 14... Fumarole strut, 14a... Blade edge, 15, 24... Air fume body, 15a... Cylindrical part , 15b...Tip, 15
c, 24a...Slim diameter part, 15d...Extension part, 16
... Air supply pipe, 16a ... Air supply passage, 17 ... Ventilation hole, 18, 25 ... Fumarole hole, 19, 19a ... Solenoid valve, 19b ... Switch box,
20...First sub-tank, 20a...Second sub-tank, 22...Support arm, 23...Coulter,
B ₁ , B ₂ , C... fumarole position, D, E... crack occurrence area, L... fumarole interval.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A self-propelled vehicle has a fumarole strut that is attached to and towed by the vehicle and moves vertically through the soil, and this fume strut has a main fume nozzle at its lower end;
A sub-fugitive nozzle is provided at an upper position, and both of these fumarolic nozzles are communicated with a compressed air supply source installed above the ground through air supply passages provided along the pillars, and this air supply system A self-propelled cultivated soil characterized in that a valve mechanism for controlling the air jets from each of the jet nozzles is provided in the path, and the position and pressure of the jets from each jet nozzle are changed while the soil is moving through the soil, and the jets are emitted in multiple stages. Improved work equipment.