JPH0337836B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0337836B2 JPH0337836B2 JP19998687A JP19998687A JPH0337836B2 JP H0337836 B2 JPH0337836 B2 JP H0337836B2 JP 19998687 A JP19998687 A JP 19998687A JP 19998687 A JP19998687 A JP 19998687A JP H0337836 B2 JPH0337836 B2 JP H0337836B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- power supply
- current
- welding
- electrode
- width
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Description
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、原子力用圧力容器や、化学反応用圧
力容器などに用いられる水平エレクトロスラグ肉
盛溶接における帯状電極を用いた肉盛溶接用給電
装置の改良に関する。
〔従来の技術〕
原子力用圧力容器や化学反応用圧力容器等の内
面等には耐食性を考慮して、オーステナイトステ
ンレス鋼が肉盛溶接されている。この肉盛溶接法
は高能率でかつ、高品質な肉盛溶接が可能な技術
である、例えば特開昭50−17349に開示されてい
るような帯状電極を用いた水平エレクトロスラグ
溶接（以下BESWと記す）が広く採用されてい
る。
また広幅の帯状電極を用いて安定した溶接を行
うために特公昭58−11713のごとく外部磁場によ
るスラグ流動コントロール方法が広く用いられて
おり、また安定した給電装置として実開昭58−
111169などが提案されているが、一般的な給電装
置としては、第２図ａ，ｂ，ｃに示すような構造
のものが採用されている。第２図ａは給電板２と
給電押え板３とが同一曲率の湾曲面で電極１を挟
むもの、第２図ｂは給電板２の通電面が複数の小
突起で給電押え板３にはこの小突起と対向する小
突起をばねで帯状電極１に押しつけるようにした
もの、第２図ｃは両サイドに通電面をもつ給電板
２とこれに対向する面をもつ給電押え板３とから
成る給電装置である。
〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕
BESWは、従来広く用いられていた同じよう
に帯状電極を用いたサブマージドアーク溶接（以
下BSAWと記す）に比べビード重ね部のスラグ
巻込みや、アンダーカツト等の欠陥の発生が非常
に少なく、品質の大幅な向上ができたのである
が、電極の溶融がアーク熱ではなく、スラグのジ
ユール発熱を利用しているため、BSAWに比べ
て溶融速度が遅い。このためBSAWと同一条件
で溶接した場合、BESWは余盛高さが低くなり、
溶込率も増大し、同一余盛高さではBESWの溶
込率が少ないという利点が失なわれる。
また原子力用圧力容器用鋳造鋼ASTM A508
のように肉盛溶接HAZ（重なり部熱影響部）のア
ンダークラツドクラツキング対策のため入熱量が
制限される場合には、余盛高さの不足や、化学成
分や、δフエライト量不足による耐食性等で問題
が生じることもある。
入熱量を上げずに、溶融速度を上げる方法とし
てはエクステンシヨンを長くする方法があり、こ
れは有効な手段であるが、帯状電極がフラツクス
を押し分けて溶接するため、エクステンシヨンが
長くなつてくると帯状電極が曲がり、溶融不良、
スラグ差込等が生じ、最悪の場合には溶接不可能
になる。
帯状電極の曲りを防止するために、電極に反り
や、折り目を入れて剛性を向上させる方法もとら
れているが、エクステンシヨンは40mm程度までが
限度であり、通常の35mmに比べて大幅な溶融速度
の向上は得られない。
本発明者は給電装置の給電板の通電面の寸法、
位置等に着目し、検討、実験を行つたところ、給
電装置の幅方向の通電面位置が溶融速度に大きく
影響を及ぼすことを見出した。
帯状電極肉盛溶接装置の給電装置は第２図ａの
ごとく、電極全体を曲面で押えて給電する装置、
第２図ｂのごとく、２個以上の通電点６で全面を
押える給電装置、第２図ｃのごとく電極方向に１
対の通電面４を対称に配する装置などがあるが、
給電の安定性からは第２図ｃの装置が最も安定し
た給電が得られる。しかしこれらの装置は全て給
電の安定性の視点から考えており、溶融速度等は
全く考慮していない。従つて、前述のごとく、
BESWはBSAWに比べて溶融速度は劣つていた。
〔問題点を解決するための手段〕
本発明者は、給電の最も安定している第２図ｃ
の給電装置で通電面の大きさ、通電面の位置につ
いて検討を行つた。種々の大きさの給電板を作成
し、SUS309のオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼帯
状電極（0.4mm厚×50mm幅）を用いてBESWを行
い、その肉盛金属の余盛高さを測定して溶融速度
を比較した。実験に用いたフラツクスは高CaF2
系の溶融型フラツクス（32×100メツシユ）であ
り、溶接条件は溶接電流850A、溶接電圧28V、
溶接速度14cm／min、エクステンシヨン35mmの同
一条件で行つた。
以下第１図を参照して説明する。
試験の結果を第３図に示すが、給電板の通電面
の外側間距離（以下通電面設置幅WCと記す）が、
電極１の幅WHと等しいか、もしくは0.8WHと広
い場合には余盛高さは4.1〜4.2mmであるが、通電
面設置幅WCがさらに狭くなり、0.33〜0.67WHに
なると余盛高さは急激に増大し、5.0〜5.1mmとな
つた。しかし、通電面設置幅WCがさらに狭く
0.2WHになると余盛高さが減少傾向となつた。
通電面設置幅WCに比べて通電面の幅Ｗの影響
はほとんどなく、通電面設置幅WCが同じであれ
ば通電面の幅Ｗが５〜15mmまで大幅に変わつても
余盛高さには影響がなかつた。
また給電板２の中央部の溝５の幅Ｓであるが溝
５が無く、通電面４が１枚板の場合には給電は不
安定であつた。溝幅Ｓは安定な給電性を得るには
広い方が望ましい。通電面設置幅WCが狭い場合
にはあまり取れないが、最低５mm以上あれば安定
した給電が可能であり、５mm未満の場合は溝のな
いものと同じであつた。給電板２の長さｌは溶融
速度には影響しなかつた。
そこで本発明の技術的手段は、帯状電極に給電
する給電装置において給電板の帯状電極に対面す
る面に溝を介して２つの通電面を設け、通電面の
設置幅を帯状電極の幅の0.30〜0.70倍に設定した
ことを特徴とする。
〔作用〕
通電面設置幅WCにより、溶着速度が変化する
原因は給電板から溶融プールまでの通電経路によ
り、電極に生じる全ジユール発熱量が異なつてく
るためと考えられる。すなわち、通電面４が電極
１の幅方向両端に位置する場合には、電極の端部
のみに電気が流れ、電極端部の発熱は著しくな
り、電極中央部の発熱は少なく、全体の発熱量が
低いのに対して、通電位置が中央に近づくと通電
が均一になり、電極全体が均一に発熱するため全
発熱量も増大し、溶融速度が増大するものとみら
れる。
〔実施例〕
第１図に示す形状で、給電板の寸法および通電
面配置寸法が第１表で示すごとく種々の銅板の給
電板２（固定）と給電押え板３（可動）で給電装
置を作成し、エレクトロスラグ肉盛溶接を行つ
た。肉盛溶接はSUS309L（0.4mm厚×50mm幅および
0.4mm厚×150mm幅の二種類）の帯状電極と、
CaF2：52重量％
SiO2：12重量％
Al2O3：20重量％
CaO：16重量％
の組成からなる高CaF2系溶融型フラツクス（32
×100メツシユ）を用いた。
溶接条件は、電極幅が50mm幅の場合、
溶接電流：850A
溶接電圧：28V
溶接速度：14cm／min
電極幅が150mm幅の場合、
溶接電流：2500A
溶接電圧：28V
溶接速度：15cm／min
とし、エクステンシヨンはともに35mmとし、
SS41鋼板（板厚60mm）上に単層盛溶接を行つた。
肉盛溶接した試験板は、断面マクロサンプルを
採取し、余盛高さを測定するとともに肉盛金属の
化学成分より溶込率を算出した。
第１表中のNo.51、52、151は従来の給電装置で
あるNo.53、No.152に比べて同一溶接条件でも余盛
高さは17〜21％も増大しており溶込率も10％以下
に減少しており、良好な肉盛金属が得られた。
また中央に溝のないNo.54は余盛高さは増大する
ものの、通電状況が電極幅方向で振らつき、不安
定であつた。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an improvement in a power supply device for overlay welding using a strip-shaped electrode in horizontal electroslag overlay welding used in nuclear power pressure vessels, chemical reaction pressure vessels, and the like. [Prior Art] Austenitic stainless steel is welded overlay on the inner surfaces of nuclear power pressure vessels, chemical reaction pressure vessels, etc. in consideration of corrosion resistance. This overlay welding method is a technique that enables high-efficiency and high-quality overlay welding. ) has been widely adopted. In addition, in order to perform stable welding using a wide strip electrode, a slag flow control method using an external magnetic field is widely used, as in the Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-11713.
111169 and the like have been proposed, but as a general power supply device, one having a structure as shown in FIG. 2 a, b, and c is adopted. In Figure 2a, the power supply plate 2 and the power supply holding plate 3 are curved surfaces with the same curvature, and sandwich the electrode 1 therebetween.In Figure 2b, the power supply plate 2 has a plurality of small protrusions on the current-carrying surface, and the power feeding plate 3 has the same curvature. The small protrusion facing this small protrusion is pressed against the strip electrode 1 by a spring, and FIG. This is a power supply device consisting of: [Problems to be solved by the invention] Compared to submerged arc welding (hereinafter referred to as BSAW), which similarly uses a strip electrode and has been widely used in the past, BESW is less prone to slag entrainment at bead overlaps and undercuts. The occurrence of defects such as BSAW was extremely low, and the quality was significantly improved.However, because the electrode is melted using the slag's joule heat rather than arc heat, the melting speed is slower than that of BSAW. . For this reason, when welding under the same conditions as BSAW, BESW has a lower reinforcement height,
The penetration rate also increases, and the advantage of BESW's low penetration rate is lost at the same reinforcement height. Cast steel ASTM A508 for nuclear pressure vessels
When the amount of heat input is limited to prevent underclad cracking of the overlay weld HAZ (heat affected zone), it may be due to insufficient overlay height, chemical composition, or insufficient amount of δ ferrite. Problems may arise with corrosion resistance, etc. One way to increase the melting speed without increasing the heat input is to lengthen the extension, and this is an effective method, but since the strip electrode pushes the flux apart and welds, the extension becomes longer. and the strip electrode is bent, resulting in poor melting.
Slag insertion, etc. will occur, and in the worst case, welding will become impossible. In order to prevent band-shaped electrodes from bending, methods have been used to increase the rigidity of the electrodes by creating warps or creases, but the extensions are limited to about 40mm, which is significantly larger than the normal 35mm. No improvement in melting rate is obtained. The inventor has determined that the dimensions of the current-carrying surface of the power supply plate of the power supply device,
After conducting studies and experiments focusing on the position, we found that the position of the current-carrying surface in the width direction of the power supply device has a large effect on the melting rate. The power supply device of the strip electrode overlay welding device is a device that supplies power by pressing the entire electrode with a curved surface, as shown in Fig. 2a.
As shown in Figure 2b, the power supply device presses the entire surface with two or more current-carrying points 6, and as shown in Figure 2c, one
There are devices in which a pair of current-carrying surfaces 4 are arranged symmetrically,
In terms of power supply stability, the device shown in FIG. 2c provides the most stable power supply. However, all of these devices are considered from the viewpoint of power supply stability, and melting speed etc. are not considered at all. Therefore, as mentioned above,
BESW had a lower melting rate than BSAW. [Means for solving the problem] The present inventor has proposed the method shown in Fig. 2 c, which has the most stable power supply.
We investigated the size and position of the current-carrying surface of the power supply device. We created power supply plates of various sizes, performed BESW using SUS309 austenitic stainless steel strip electrodes (0.4 mm thick x 50 mm width), and measured the height of the overlay metal to determine the melting rate. compared. The flux used in the experiment was high CaF 2
The welding conditions are welding current 850A, welding voltage 28V,
The welding speed was 14 cm/min and the extension was 35 mm. This will be explained below with reference to FIG. The test results are shown in Figure 3, and the distance between the outer sides of the current-carrying surfaces of the power supply board (hereinafter referred to as the current-carrying surface installation width W C ) is
If it is equal to the width W H of electrode 1 or as wide as 0.8 W H , the additional height is 4.1 to 4.2 mm, but if the current-carrying surface installation width W C becomes even narrower and becomes 0.33 to 0.67 W H. The residual height increased rapidly and reached 5.0 to 5.1 mm. However, the current-carrying surface installation width W C is even narrower.
At 0.2W H , the reinforcement height tended to decrease. Compared to the current-carrying surface installation width W C , the current-carrying surface width W has almost no effect, and if the current-carrying surface installation width W C is the same, even if the current-carrying surface width W changes significantly from 5 to 15 mm, the excess height will not change. had no effect. Furthermore, regarding the width S of the groove 5 in the center of the power supply plate 2, when there is no groove 5 and the current carrying surface 4 is a single plate, the power supply is unstable. It is desirable that the groove width S be wide in order to obtain stable power supply. If the current-carrying surface installation width W C is narrow, it will not be possible to get much power, but if it is at least 5 mm or more, stable power supply is possible, and if it is less than 5 mm, it is the same as one without a groove. The length l of the power supply plate 2 did not affect the melting rate. Therefore, the technical means of the present invention is to provide two current-carrying surfaces via grooves on the surface of the power feeding plate facing the band-shaped electrode in a power feeding device that feeds power to the band-shaped electrode, and set the installation width of the current-carrying surface to 0.30 of the width of the band-shaped electrode. It is characterized by being set at ~0.70 times. [Effect] The reason why the welding speed changes depending on the current-carrying surface installation width W C is thought to be that the total amount of heat generated in the electrode differs depending on the current-carrying path from the power supply plate to the molten pool. In other words, when the current-carrying surfaces 4 are located at both ends of the electrode 1 in the width direction, electricity flows only to the ends of the electrode, and the heat generated at the ends of the electrode becomes significant, while the heat generated at the center of the electrode is small, resulting in a total amount of heat generated. On the other hand, as the energization position approaches the center, the energization becomes more uniform and the entire electrode generates heat evenly, so the total calorific value also increases and the melting rate seems to increase. [Example] A power supply device was constructed with a power supply plate 2 (fixed) and a power supply holding plate 3 (movable) made of various copper plates with the shape shown in Fig. 1 and the dimensions of the power supply plate and the current-carrying surface arrangement dimensions as shown in Table 1. It was created and electroslag overlay welding was performed. Overlay welding is SUS309L (0.4mm thick x 50mm wide and
A high CaF 2 type melting type consisting of two types of strip electrodes (0.4 mm thick x 150 mm wide) and a composition of CaF 2 : 52 wt% SiO 2 : 12 wt% Al 2 O 3 : 20 wt% CaO: 16 wt% Flux (32
×100 mesh) was used. The welding conditions are: when the electrode width is 50 mm, welding current: 850 A, welding voltage: 28 V, welding speed: 14 cm/min, and when the electrode width is 150 mm, welding current: 2500 A, welding voltage: 28 V, welding speed: 15 cm/min, Both extensions are 35mm.
Single layer welding was performed on SS41 steel plate (plate thickness 60mm). A cross-sectional macro sample was taken from the overlay welded test plate, the overlay height was measured, and the penetration rate was calculated from the chemical composition of the overlay metal. Nos. 51, 52, and 151 in Table 1 have a 17 to 21% increase in reinforcement height even under the same welding conditions compared to No. 53 and No. 152, which are conventional power supply devices, and the penetration rate is 17 to 21% higher. The amount of overlay was reduced to less than 10%, and a good overlay metal was obtained. In addition, in No. 54, which did not have a groove in the center, although the height of the reinforcement increased, the current conduction status fluctuated in the electrode width direction and was unstable.
本発明の給電装置を用いることにより、高能率
で品質の良好な帯状電極を用いたエレクトロスラ
グ肉盛溶接が可能となつた。
By using the power supply device of the present invention, it has become possible to perform electroslag overlay welding using a band-shaped electrode with high efficiency and good quality.
第１図は本発明の実施例の給電装置の形状を示
すａ側面図、ｂ給電板の背面図、第２図ａ，ｂ，
ｃはそれぞれ従来の給電板の形状を示す側面図お
よび給電板の背面図、第３図はWC／WHと余盛高
さの関係を示すグラフである。
１……電極、２……給電板、３……給電押え
板、４……通電面、５……溝。
Figure 1 is a side view showing the shape of the power supply device according to the embodiment of the present invention, b is a rear view of the power supply plate, and Figures 2a, b,
c is a side view showing the shape of a conventional power supply plate and a rear view of the power supply plate, respectively, and FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between W C /W H and the height of the reinforcement. 1... Electrode, 2... Power feeding plate, 3... Power feeding press plate, 4... Current carrying surface, 5... Groove.
Claims (1)
た給電板と給電押え板とからなる給電装置におい
て、前記給電板の前記帯状電極に対面する面に溝
を介して２つの通電面を設け、かつ前記通電面の
設置幅を前記帯状電極の幅の0.30〜0.70倍に設定
したことを特徴とする帯状電極を用いた肉盛溶接
用給電装置。1. In a power supply device consisting of a power supply plate and a power supply holding plate disposed to face each other on both sides of a strip-shaped electrode, two current-carrying surfaces are provided via a groove on the surface of the power supply plate facing the strip-shaped electrode, A power supply device for overlay welding using a band-shaped electrode, characterized in that the installation width of the current-carrying surface is set to 0.30 to 0.70 times the width of the band-shaped electrode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19998687A JPS6444281A (en) | 1987-08-12 | 1987-08-12 | Power feeder for build-up welding by using band-shaped electrode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19998687A JPS6444281A (en) | 1987-08-12 | 1987-08-12 | Power feeder for build-up welding by using band-shaped electrode |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6444281A JPS6444281A (en) | 1989-02-16 |
| JPH0337836B2 true JPH0337836B2 (en) | 1991-06-06 |
Family
ID=16416887
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19998687A Granted JPS6444281A (en) | 1987-08-12 | 1987-08-12 | Power feeder for build-up welding by using band-shaped electrode |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6444281A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5829534B2 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2015-12-09 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Welding method |
-
1987
- 1987-08-12 JP JP19998687A patent/JPS6444281A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6444281A (en) | 1989-02-16 |
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