JPH0339649B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an apparatus for evaporating chemicals such as insecticides, disinfectants, room air fresheners, and deodorizers by heating, and more specifically, as a heating source, a volatile fuel such as alcohol and a catalyst are brought into contact with each other in the air. This invention relates to a drug heating evaporation device that utilizes the heat of reaction that occurs. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, devices such as electric mosquito traps have been known that heat a pine impregnated with a chemical such as an insecticide to evaporate the chemical in the pine. however,
These devices use electricity as a heat source for the heat sink that heats the pine, making the structure of the device complicated, and when using electricity, a power cord is required, which limits the places where they can be used. was. The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of conventional heating evaporation devices, and is aimed at the reaction that occurs when a volatile fuel such as alcohol and a catalyst such as platinum or palladium are brought into contact in air as a heating source. The present invention provides a catalyst heating type drug heating evaporation device that utilizes heat, has a simple structure, and does not require a power cord, so it is not restricted by the location of use. The chemical heating evaporation device of the present invention includes a container filled with volatile fuel, a fuel oxidation catalyst arranged with a certain space above the container, and A heat dissipation plate for chemical heating and transpiration is arranged above the fuel oxidation catalyst with a certain space provided, and the spatial distance c between the upper surface of the catalyst and the heat dissipation plate is 0.2 to 3.0 cm, and the lower surface of the catalyst The spatial distance d between this and the upper surface of the fuel is 0.3~
10.0 cm, and is characterized in that the case is provided with a vent for air supply and/or fuel gas discharge. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of the drug heating device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 1. In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 indicates a cylindrical case body with a bottom, and 2 a case lid, both of which constitute the case of the drug heating and evaporation device. The inside of the case body 1 is defined by a cylindrical inner wall 1a formed inside into a fuel storage section 1b and a water puddle section 1c. A side wall (outer wall) 1d of the case body 1 extends upward from the inner wall 1a, and a stepped portion 1e for fitting the case lid is formed on the upper inner circumferential surface of the side wall 1d along the circumference thereof. The case lid body 2 includes a circular top plate 21 and a cylindrical side wall 2.
It is a member having a substantially U-shaped cross section. The top plate 21 has a rectangular opening 22 approximately in the center, and ventilation holes 23, 23, 23, 2 around this opening 22.
3 is formed. The shape of the open end 22a on the front side of the top plate of the opening 22 is a rectangle similar to and slightly larger than the insecticidal mat 3 set in the chemical heating device, and the shape of the open end 22b on the back side of the top plate is as follows.
The upper surface shape of the heat sink 4 on which the insecticidal pine 3 is placed is similar to that of the rectangle, which is slightly larger than this, and the opening 2
The shape of the circumferential surface in the drilling direction of No. 2 has a vertical circumferential surface 22c at the upper part, with the border being approximately at the center in the thickness direction of the top plate 21,
Tapered peripheral surface 22d whose lower part widens downward
It is becoming. Therefore, a gap A (see FIG. 1) formed between the insecticidal mat 3 and the vertical circumferential surface 22c of the opening 22, and a gap A formed between the heat sink 4 and the tapered surface 22d of the opening 22. Due to the gap B (see FIG. 2), even when the insecticidal mat 3 is set on the heat sink 4, a ventilation gap 24 that communicates the inside and outside of the case lid 2 is ensured. 25, 25
. . . is a dowel that projects inward from the circumferential surface of the opening 22. The dowel 25 is formed to set the insecticidal mat 3 at the center of the opening 22 and to rectify the flow of air in the ventilation gap 24 formed between the insecticidal mat 3 and the circumferential surface of the opening 22. Reference numerals 26 and 26 are recesses that are provided adjacent to a pair of long sides of the opening 22 on the surface of the top plate 21 and are smoothly inclined from the peripheral end toward the center. Recesses 26 and 26 are formed for ease of attaching and removing the insecticidal mat 3 when inserting the insecticidal mat 3 into the opening 22 and placing it on the heat sink 4 or taking it out. A shoulder portion 28 is formed along the circumference of the back surface of the connecting portion between the top plate 21 and the side wall 27 of the case lid 2. This shoulder portion 28 is for fixing a support member 6 for supporting a catalyst 5 and a heat sink 4 housing this catalyst 5, which will be described later.
a is a screw hole for fixing the support member 6; 27a
is a stepped portion formed along the circumference on the lower outer peripheral surface of the side wall 27, and is a step portion formed along the circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the case body 1.
The size and shape are slightly larger so that it can be closely fitted with the stepped portion 1e provided in the. The case lid 2 covers the upper part of the case body 1 by fitting the side wall step 27a into the outer wall step 1e of the case body 1.
This forms the case. Steps 1e and 27
The main body 1 and the lid body 2 may be screwed together by cutting threads in each of the parts a and a. 3 is an insecticidal mat, which is a rectangular fiberboard impregnated with an insecticidal active ingredient chemical solution. However, the shape is not particularly limited as long as it can be inserted into the opening 22 of the case lid 2. Reference numeral 4 denotes a heat dissipation plate on which the insecticidal mat 3 is placed and for heating and evaporating the insecticidal chemical component from the insecticidal mat 3. The heat dissipation plate 4 includes a top plate 41 on which the insecticidal pine 3 is placed and heated, a pair of side plates 42, 42 extending downward from both ends of the top plate 41 while tilting toward the center, and the top plate 41. It is a metal member consisting of a lower plate 43 that is parallel and connected to the lower ends of the side plates 42, 42, and a catalyst holding cylindrical part 44 that is vertically provided further downward at approximately the center of the lower plate 43. Vent holes 42a, 42a... are formed in the side plates 42, 42, respectively, and air is supplied to the catalyst 5 through the vent holes 42a, 42a... It is designed to be able to be discharged. If the top plate 41 is also made porous and a part of the combustion gas generated from the monolith catalyst 5 is allowed to escape through the holes in the top plate 41, the oxidation reaction of the fuel in the monolith catalyst 5 is promoted, and the heat of the combustion gas is This is preferable since convection is not inhibited, but it is not necessarily necessary to use a perforated plate. A flange 4 protruding inward is provided at the lower end of the cylindrical body portion 44.
4a is formed, and when the monolithic catalyst 5 is housed in this cylindrical body portion 44, the monolithic catalyst 5 is held by this lower end flange 44a. A space C having a certain height is formed between the top plate 41 and the bottom plate 43 by the pair of side plates 42, 42, so that the monolithic catalyst 5 and the top plate 41 on which the insecticidal mats 3 are placed do not come into contact with each other. It's becoming like that. The monolithic catalyst 5 has a cylindrical body portion 44 of the heat sink 4.
The catalytically active metal, such as platinum or palladium, is supported on a honeycomb-structured ceramic carrier, which has a prismatic shape that can be housed in a container. The catalyst 5 used in the present invention is of course not limited to this, and may be bead-shaped or wool-shaped, for example. Reference numeral 6 denotes a support member for fixing the heat dissipation plate 4 and the catalyst 5 to the case lid 2, and is a circular plate having a diameter that can come into contact with the inner circumferential surface of the side wall 27 of the lid 2. The cylindrical body portion 4 of the heat sink 4 is located approximately at the center of the support member.
4, and holes 6b, 6b for inserting setscrews 7, 7 for fixing to the lid body 2 are formed at appropriate locations on the peripheral end. . The set screw insertion hole is located in the shoulder portion 2 of the lid body 2.
The screw hole 28a formed in the hole 8 is aligned with the screw hole 28a formed in the hole 28a. The material of the support member 6 is not particularly limited, but it is preferably made of a material that is non-breathable or slightly breathable in some cases, and preferably has heat resistance and heat insulation properties, such as glass fiber. Reference numeral 8 denotes a fuel filling container, which has an open top surface, is filled with volatile fuel, and is stored in the fuel storage portion 1b of the case body 1. Fuel filling container 8 and catalyst 5
A space D having a certain height is secured between the two. The fuel is volatile and causes an exothermic reaction with the catalyst, specifically alcohols, preferably methanol or ethanol. The alcohol can be in liquid form, or in gel form made of carboxyvinyl polymer, copolymer of maleic anhydride and isobutylene, copolymer of vinyl alcohol with acrylic acid, starch derivatives, etc. Any solid fuel as a main component can be used. In the chemical heating and evaporation device configured as described above, the insecticidal mat 3 is put into the opening 22 of the case lid 2 and placed on the top plate 41 of the heat sink 4. Fuel filling container 8
After the alcohol fuel volatilized from the fuel fills the space D, it passes through the catalyst 5 disposed above the fuel filling container 8. In the catalyst 5, the fuel alcohol is oxidized by reacting with platinum, palladium, etc., and then is discharged from the catalyst 5 as a combustion gas. After this combustion gas further rises and fills the space C, the air vents 4 formed in the side surface 42 of the heat sink 4
2a, 42a, . . . and is exhausted to the outside through gap B and A. The reaction heat generated by the oxidation of the alcohol fuel in the catalyst 5 is convectively transferred to the top plate 41 of the heat sink 4 located above the catalyst 5.
The temperature of the top plate 41 is increased. In addition, the reaction heat in the catalyst 5 passes from the bottom plate 43 of the heat sink 4, which is a metal member, through the side plates 42, 42 to the top plate 41.
As a result, the temperature of the top plate 41 rises uniformly. The insecticidal mat 3 placed on the top plate 41 whose temperature has increased is thereby uniformly heated, and the insecticidal active ingredient in the insecticidal mat 3 evaporates outward from the opening 22 of the case lid 2. During this time,
Air necessary for the alcohol fuel oxidation reaction in the catalyst 5 flows into the catalyst through the vent hole 23 formed in the top plate 21 of the case lid 2, and passes through the vent holes 42a, 42a, . . . in the side plates 42, 42. 5. A part of the air required for the oxidation reaction in the catalyst 5 is supplied to the catalyst 5 from the gap A through the gap B. Moisture generated by the oxidation reaction of the fuel is stored in a puddle portion 1c of the case body 1. Insecticides that can be used in the device of the present invention include:
All insecticides that have been conventionally used as insecticides for electric mosquito traps can be used, specifically the following: As an insecticidal ingredient, 3-allyl-2-
Methylcyclopent-2-en-4-one-1-
yl dl-cis/trans-chrysanthemate (allethrin), 3-allyl-2-methylcyclopent-2-en-4-one-1-yl dl-cis/trans-chrysanthemate, d-3-allyl -2-methylclopent-2-en-4-one-1-yl d-trans-chrysanthemate,
5-propargyl-2-furylmethyl d-cis/trans-chrysanthemate, 1-ethynyl-2-methylpent-2-en-1-yl d-
cis/trans-chrysanthemate, 1-ethynyl-2-methylpent-2-en-1-yl
Pyrethroid insecticides such as 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylate can be used, as well as piperonium butoxide, N-(2
Pyrethroid synergists such as -ethylhexyl)-1-isopropyl-4-methylpicyclo[2,2,2]-oct-5-ene-2,3-dicarboximide and octachlorodipropyl ether can be blended. . These insecticidal ingredients are used by impregnating a mat made of fiberboard. In addition to the above ingredients, BHT, BHA,
It can also be prepared by blending antioxidants such as DBH, dyes whose color fades with use to tell whether or not they have been used, and even fragrances. In addition to the drug-impregnated mat, the device of the present invention can also be used, for example, in an aluminum container filled with a heat-evaporable solid drug. In addition to insecticides, disinfectants, indoor air fresheners, deodorizers, etc. can also be used in the same manner. As examples of disinfectants that can be used, any disinfectant that has volatile properties such as alcohols or dioxins can be used. The heating evaporation device of the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. For example, vents are essential for supplying the necessary air to the catalytic oxidation reaction of fuel and discharging the combustion gas generated by the oxidation reaction to the outside of the case. Alternatively, it may be formed on the outer wall of the case body. When an air supply vent is formed in the outer wall of the case body, it should be formed as low as possible in the outer wall of the case body to prevent vaporized fuel from leaking through the vent.
It is also possible to use one vent for both air supply and combustion gas exhaust; in this case, for example, the gap between the insecticidal pine and the opening is used as the vent, and no other vent is required. The shape of the heat dissipation plate is not limited to that shown in the drawings, and may be a flat plate. In this case, a flat heat sink is fixed to the back surface of the top plate 21 of the case lid 2, and the catalyst is housed in a storage member formed separately from the flat heat sink and pierced through the support member. . The storage member is not limited to a cylindrical one, and may simply be one in which the top and bottom of the catalyst are fixed with holders. When the heat dissipation plate and the catalyst storage member are configured separately in this way, the side plate and the bottom plate can be omitted. However, it is necessary to secure a certain space C between the heat sink and the catalyst. The distance of space C, that is, the distance between the catalyst and the heat sink (shown as ccm in Figure 2), is 0.2~
It is 3.0cm. If the catalyst and the heat sink are in contact (c = 0 cm) or are too close even if they are separated (c < 0.2 cm), the heat convection of combustion and oxidation reaction between them will be hindered, resulting in heating of the heat sink. become insufficient. By separating the top surface of the catalyst and the heat sink by 0.2 to 3.0 cm, the heat sink can be heated to a high temperature most efficiently by thermal convection of the combustion gas emitted from the catalyst. The shape of the catalyst is not limited to that shown in the drawings, and may be a cylindrical monolith catalyst, for example. The fuel filling container may be of any type as long as it has an open top and allows the fuel to evaporate efficiently from the filled container. The distance of the space D between the upper surface of the fuel and the lower surface of the catalyst, that is, the distance d is 0.3 to 10.0 cm. Whether the fuel and catalyst are in contact (d=0cm) or
If it is less than 0.3 cm, the volatilized fuel will not flow into the catalyst efficiently, resulting in fuel loss, which is undesirable. By setting the distance between the two members to 0.3 to 10.0 cm, volatile fuel can smoothly pass through the catalyst and cause an oxidation reaction. Next, the apparatus of the present invention will be explained using examples. Example 1 5-propargyl-2-furylmethyl d-cis/trans-chrysanthemate 5 g, N-(2
-ethylhexyl)-1-isopropyl-4-methylbicyclo[2,2,2]oct-5-ene-
15 g of 2,3-dicarboximide, 1.5 g of DBH and 1,4-diisopropylaminoanthraquinone
0.2 g was dissolved in acetone to make 100 ml, and 1 ml of this solution was impregnated into a 35 x 22 x 2.8 mm fiber board and air-dried to remove the acetone to obtain insecticidal pine. This is used by placing it on the heat sink of the heating evaporation device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Example 2 3-allyl-2-methylcyclopent-2-en-4-one-1-yl d-cis/trans-
Add acetone to 6 g of chrysanthemate, 4 g of piperonyl butoxide, 2 g of BHT, and 0.3 g of 1,4-dimethylaminoanthraquinone and dissolve in 100 ml.
shall be. The same fiberboard as in Example 1 was impregnated with 1 ml of this solution to obtain insecticidal pine. This is used by placing it on the heat sink of the heating evaporation device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Example 3 1-ethynyl-2-methylpent-2-ene-
1-yl d-cis/trans-chrysanthemate 10 g, N-(2-ethylhexyl)-1-isopropyl-4-methylbicyclo[2,2,2]oct-5-ene-2,3-dicarboximide 8
g, DBH1g, fragrance 0.8g, 1,4-diisopropylaminoanthraquinone 0.2g and odorless kerosene 10
The same fiberboard as in Example 1 was impregnated with 0.3 g of the heated and dissolved solution to obtain insecticidal pine.
This mat was placed on the heat sink of the heating transpiration device shown in Figures 1 and 2, and a test using Culex pipiens showed that it was as effective as a commercially available mosquito coil for up to 10 hours. Example 4 2 ml of an ethanol solution of 1 g of dioxin was mixed with 30×
A 20 x 3 mm ceramic plate was impregnated, and this was
It is placed on the heat radiating plate of the heating evaporation device shown in the figure and FIG. 2, and used for indoor sterilization. A comparison of the number of sterilizations in the room before and after use was carried out using the Shearle method using an agar medium, and the number of sterilizations after use was less than 1% compared to before use. Example 5 Caleboxyvinyl polymer (trade name Hibis Wako 104) was added to 47 g of ethanol solution containing 5 g of fragrance.
After adding and dissolving 1 g, 2 g of a 2% aqueous triethanolamine solution was added to prepare a gel. this gel
20g was placed in an aluminum container, placed on the heat sink of the heating evaporation device shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and used as an indoor fragrance deodorizer. Example 6 The fiberboard of Example 1 was impregnated with 1 ml of an alcohol solution containing 0.5 g of an alcoholic extract of the deodorizing ingredient in fresh leaves of Camelliaaceae plants (trade name: Deodora S),
This was placed on the heat sink of the heating evaporation device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and a deodorization test was conducted in a toilet. As a result, it was possible to completely eliminate the bad odor. Next, the present invention will be explained using test examples. Test Example 1 The insecticidal pine obtained in Examples 1 and 2 was placed on the heat sink shown in Figures 1 and 2, and the fuel container was filled with 90 parts of methanol, 8 parts of ethanol, and benzylidene of D-sorbitol. 25 g of a gel prepared from 2 parts of a derivative (trade name: GELOL D) was added, and a test was conducted on Culex pipiens over time.
The results are shown in Figure 3. The “relative efficacy” in the diagram is 1
The efficacy over time was set as 1.0, and the efficacy at each time was thereafter tested in relative ratio. As is clear from FIG. 3, the insecticidal pine of Examples 1 and 2 both exhibit good effects. Test Example 2 In the heating evaporation device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the distance (cm) between the catalyst 5 and the heat sink 4 and the distance between the catalyst 5 and the fuel filling container 8 filled with fuel up to the upper end of the opening are determined. By changing the distance (dcm) between
The temperature of the heat sink 4 was measured, including the presence or absence of ventilation holes. The results are shown in Table 1. In this test example, a solid fuel was prepared by heating and dissolving 6 parts of stearic acid in 86 parts of methanol and adding 8 parts of a 12.5% sodium hydroxide solution (water: methanol = 1:8). The room temperature of the measurement chamber is
The test was carried out at 25°C±1°C.

[Table] The following is clear from the results in Table 1 above. The spatial distance d between the bottom surface of the catalyst and the top surface of the fuel is
When it is less than 0.3cm or more than 10.0cm, the average temperature of the heat sink becomes low, below 80℃ (Test No. 1,
2 and 10), and when the spatial distance c between the top surface of the catalyst and the heat sink becomes less than 0.2 cm or more than 3.0 cm, the average temperature of the heat sink becomes as low as 80°C or less (Test No. 11, 12 and 17). Therefore, the distance c is in the range of 0.2 to 3.0 cm, and the distance d is in the range of 0.3 to 3.0 cm.
It is necessary to set the range to 10.0cm, and by appropriately combining the distances ccm and dcm,
The temperature of the heat sink 4 can be selected depending on the type of medicine and purpose. Next, it can be seen from the results of No. 5 and No. 18 that vent holes are essential. According to a separate test conducted on the size, number, etc. of vents, the temperature of the heat sink does not rise at all if there are vents, and if the size of the vents is constant, , a constant temperature was obtained on the heat sink. Also, the location of the vent is not necessarily the case lid 2.
It is not necessary to provide it on the top plate 21, and similar results were obtained even when it was provided on the side wall 27 of the case lid 2 and when it was provided on the outer wall 1d of the case body 1. The size of the opening on the top surface of the fuel filling container varies depending on the type of fuel used and the distance between the fuel filling container and the catalyst, but under constant conditions, a stable temperature was obtained on the heat sink. From the above test examples, in order to efficiently heat the heat sink using a constant heat source in the heating transpiration device of the present invention, it is necessary to maintain a certain space between the fuel filling container and the catalyst and between the catalyst and the heat sink. It is clear that it is necessary to provide a vent hole and to secure a vent hole, and other than this, other changes can be made as appropriate depending on the purpose of use, medicine, type of fuel, etc. Test Example 3 The temperature of various volatile fuels was measured using the heating evaporation device of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The temperature of the measurement room is 25℃±1℃.

[Table] Average value of temperature for each time From Test Example 3 above, the desired temperature can be obtained for any volatile fuel used in the heating evaporation device of the present invention as long as it is volatile at room temperature, and there is a large difference. was not recognized. In addition, in Nos. 4 to 8, the rate of heat generation was also able to be accelerated by temporarily heating the catalyst at the beginning of use. As is clear from the above description, in the heating evaporation device of the present invention, volatile fuel is placed in a case, a catalyst is disposed a certain distance above the volatile fuel, and the reaction heat generated in the catalytic oxidation reaction of the volatile fuel is generated. is transmitted to a heat sink placed a certain distance above the catalyst, and the chemical placed on the heat sink is heated and evaporated, so the structure is simpler and the location of use is easier compared to those that use electricity as a chemical heating source. has the advantage of not being restricted. In addition, the heating of the heat sink due to the catalytic oxidation reaction is performed uniformly, so the transpiration of the drug is uniform.
For example, even when heating and evaporating a drug-impregnated mat, there is an advantage that the drug in the mat can be evaporated evenly.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of the drug heating device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of Test Example 1. In the figure, 1...Case body, 1a...Inner wall, 1b
... Storage section, 1d ... Outer wall, 1e ... Stepped section, 2 ...
...Case lid, 21...Top plate, 22...Opening,
23... Vent, 27... Side wall, 3... Insecticidal pine, 4... Heat sink, 5... Monolith catalyst, 6...
Support member, 8...Fuel filling container.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A container filled with volatile fuel in a case constituting a chemical heating evaporation device, and a fuel oxidation catalyst disposed with a certain space above the container;
A heat sink for heating and evaporating chemicals is placed above the fuel oxidation catalyst with a certain space, and the spatial distance c between the top surface of the catalyst and the heat sink is 0.2 to 0.2.
3.0 cm, the spatial distance d between the lower surface of the catalyst and the upper surface of the fuel is 0.3 to 10.0 cm, and the case is provided with a vent for air supply and/or fuel gas discharge. Transpiration device.