JPH0340258B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a four-wheel drive transfer comprising a separated transmission chamber. [Prior art] The applicant of this application previously filed Japanese Patent Application No. 53-145857 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
No. 55-72420), a first output shaft transmits the output of the transmission to one axle of the vehicle, and a first output shaft disposed parallel to the first output shaft to transmit the output of the transmission to the other axle of the vehicle. A four-wheel drive transfer mechanism comprising: a second output shaft; a drive member connected to the first output shaft; and a transmission mechanism having a driven member drivingly connected to the drive member and connected to the second output shaft. is proposed. In a four-wheel drive vehicle, a first output shaft and a second output shaft are used to ensure that the output of the transmission is transmitted to the other wheels even when the grip force of a wheel decreases when the vehicle travels on a rough road. It is preferable to connect the first output shaft and the second output shaft so that there is no difference in rotation speed, and since the rotation speed of the wheels is different when the vehicle turns, it is preferable to allow a difference in the rotation speed between the first output shaft and the second output shaft. preferable. For this reason, in the above-mentioned four-wheel drive transfer, the drive member is supported on the first output shaft through a bearing so as to be relatively rotatable, and the drive member and the first
They are interconnected via a switching mechanism that selectively connects them to the output shaft. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, when the transfer is mounted on a vehicle, the axis of the second output shaft is disposed below the axis of the first output shaft, so the transmission mechanism The lower part of the switch is located below the switching mechanism. Therefore, within the transfer case,
Oil easily flows into the transmission mechanism chamber housing the transmission mechanism from the switching mechanism side through between the drive member and the first output shaft and between the drive member and the case, increasing the oil level in the transmission mechanism chamber. As a result, the amount of oil agitated by the transmission mechanism increases, transmission efficiency decreases, and oil temperature tends to rise. What immediately comes to mind as a solution to these problems is to separate the transmission mechanism chamber by disposing oil seals between the drive member and the case and between the drive member and the first output shaft. That's true. However, the first output shaft is a long shaft that passes through the drive member due to the necessity of disposing the drive member around its outer periphery, and therefore tends to whirl around during high-speed rotation. When the output of the transmission is transmitted to the output shaft, a vertical load acts on the drive member and the first output shaft that supports the drive member, so that the drive member and the first output shaft are likely to be displaced. Therefore, even if an oil seal is disposed between the drive member and the case and between the drive member and the first output shaft as described above, the clearance of the disposed portion changes and the oil seal is easily damaged. It is difficult to maintain the separation of the transmission mechanism chambers during long-term use. In view of the above circumstances, the present invention has a configuration that can effectively separate the transmission mechanism chamber, thereby maintaining the oil level in the transmission mechanism chamber at an appropriate level, improving transmission efficiency, and optimizing the oil temperature. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a four-wheel drive transfer that can be measured. [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first output shaft that transmits the output of a transmission to one axle of a vehicle, and a first output shaft that is arranged parallel to the first output shaft. a second output shaft that is provided and transmits the output of the transmission to the other axle of the vehicle; and a second output shaft that is arranged radially outside of the first output shaft so as to be concentric and relatively rotatable with respect to the first output shaft. a transmission mechanism having a driving member and a driven member drivingly connected to the driving member and connected to the second output shaft; a switching mechanism for selectively connecting the driving member and the first output shaft; and a case in which the mechanism and the switching mechanism are housed in an outer shell part separated by a partition wall, the drive member having a sleeve part extending on both sides in the axial direction and connected to the switching mechanism through the partition wall on one side, and the sleeve part Bearings are disposed between both sides of the sleeve part and the case, and the driving member is rotatably supported by the case, and between one side of the sleeve part and the partition wall of the case, and the other side of the sleeve part. It is characterized in that an oil seal is disposed between and the case. [Operations and Effects of the Invention] In the four-wheel drive transfer of the present invention, the drive member is supported by the case in the vicinity of both sides of the drive member, and is difficult to displace with respect to a vertical load acting on it. Since it is not affected by the whirling of the output shaft, the clearance between the sleeve of the drive member and the partition wall of the case is maintained appropriately, and the oil seal provided between them (on both sides) protects the transmission mechanism and switching mechanism. Even during long-term use, the oil level in the transmission mechanism chamber can be maintained at an appropriate level without oil leakage due to deterioration. [Example] Next, the four-wheel drive transfer of the present invention will be described.
This will be explained based on an embodiment shown in FIG. Next, the four-wheel drive transfer of the present invention is
This will be explained based on an embodiment shown in FIG. A four-wheel drive transfer (hereinafter referred to as transfer) 40 of the present invention is applied to a vehicle four-wheel drive transmission 100 in this embodiment, and the vehicle four-wheel drive transmission 100 is a fluid A fluid transmission device chamber 102 formed by a transmission device case 101 and housing a torque converter, a fluid coupling, etc., and a transmission case 103 to which an oil pan 105 having a built-in valve body at the bottom are connected, are used in an automatic transmission. A gear transmission chamber 104 that accommodates a certain gear transmission 1, an extension case 18, and a front transmission mechanism case 1.
A transmission mechanism chamber 113 formed on the input side 19a of the front transmission mechanism case 19 and housing the planetary gear transmission mechanism 4 and the two-wheel/four-wheel switching mechanism 8A, and the output side 19 of the front transmission mechanism case 19.
b and a transmission mechanism chamber 109 formed in the input side 20a of the rear transmission mechanism case 20 and accommodating the transmission mechanism 12 that transmits power between the first output shaft 11 and the second output shaft 17; A rear chamber 110 is formed within the output side 20b of the transmission mechanism case 20. In FIG. 2, 2 is the input shaft of the transfer 40 which is the output shaft of the gear transmission 1, and 3 is the input shaft 2.
The governor valve is fixed to the 4 is a planetary carrier 41 that is spline-fitted to the rear end of the input shaft 2, and an outer planetary pinion 4A that is rotatably supported by the planetary carrier 41 and meshes with each other.
A double planetary gear set 42 consisting of an inner planetary pinion 4B, a sun gear 43 that meshes with the inner planetary pinion 4B, and a sun gear 43 that meshes with the outer planetary pinion 4A and connects to the first output shaft 11 of the transfer shaft 40 via the hub 10. This is a planetary gear transmission mechanism consisting of a spline-fitted ring gear 44. 5 connects the sun gear 4 via the hub 6
3 is a friction brake for engaging the extension case 18, and 50 is a hydraulic servo for the brake 5, which is composed of a cylinder 18A formed in the extension case 18 and a piston 51 mounted in the cylinder 18A. . 7 is a friction clutch that is operated by a hydraulic servo 70 consisting of a cylinder 71 welded to the hub 6 and a piston 72 installed in the cylinder 71 to engage and disengage the sun gear 43 and the ring gear 44;
One sprocket 1 is a driving member of a transmission mechanism 12 for driving a second output shaft 17, which will be described later as 4.
A two-wheel/four-wheel switching mechanism 8A for coupling with a sleeve 9 constituting a sleeve portion of a drive member that is spline-fitted to the first output shaft 11 and arranged concentrically and relatively rotatably on the outside of the first output shaft 11 in the radial direction. A friction clutch 80 is attached to a cylinder 81 which is welded via a rib 91 to a sleeve 9 rotatably supported on both sides in the axial direction by the front transmission mechanism case 19 and the rear transmission mechanism case 20. This is a hydraulic servo for the clutch 8, which consists of a piston 82 and a piston 82. 17 is a second output shaft of the transfer shaft 40; 12 is a sprocket 14 spline-fitted to the sleeve 9; a sprocket 15 which is a driven member spline-fitted to the output shaft 17; and a sprocket 15 stretched between these sprockets. chain 16
A transmission mechanism for the second output shaft 17 consisting of 24
-29 are bearings, 30-33 are oil seals, and 34-37 are seal rings. In this transfer 40, the transmission mechanism chamber 113
Oil seals 30 and 31 are provided between the transmission mechanism chamber 109 and the transmission mechanism chamber 109 and the rear chamber 110. By isolating the transmission mechanism chamber 113 with these oil seals, the transmission mechanism chamber 1
09 to prevent lubricating oil from leaking to the transmission mechanism chamber 109.
The amount of lubricating oil (oil level) is maintained at a predetermined value. More specifically, the cases 19 and 20 have a first partition 19c extending from the outer shell between the switching mechanism 8A and the sleeve 9 of the drive member, and a first partition 19c extending from the outer shell between the switching mechanism 8A of the drive member It has a second partition wall 20c extending to the side, and has a first partition wall 19c and a sleeve 9.
Bearings 25 and 26 are disposed between one side of the sleeve 9 and the second partition wall 20c and the other side of the sleeve 9 to rotatably support the sprocket 14 in the cases 19 and 20. Oil seals 30 and 31 are provided between one side of the sleeve 9 and the second partition wall 20c and the other side of the sleeve 9. As shown in FIG. 3, the transfer device A is attached to an automatic transmission T attached to an engine E of a vehicle, and its first output shaft 11 is connected to a rear wheel drive propeller shaft C, and a second output shaft 11 is connected to a propeller shaft C for driving rear wheels. The shaft 17 is used while being connected to a propeller shaft B for driving the front wheels. Returning to FIG. 2, when the vehicle is normally running, the line pressure supplied to the hydraulic control device of the automatic transmission is supplied to the hydraulic servo 70 to engage the clutch 7, and the hydraulic servos 50 and 80 are discharged to release the brake 5. and release the clutch 8. As a result, the sun gear 43 and ring gear 44 of the planetary gear transmission mechanism 4 are connected, power is transmitted from the input shaft 2 to the first output shaft 11 at a reduction ratio of 1, and two-wheel drive driving with the rear wheels is obtained.
When four-wheel drive driving becomes necessary during this two-wheel drive driving, a lever installed on the driver's seat or the like is operated to activate a hydraulic pressure supply/discharge control valve (not shown) to the hydraulic servo of the transfer device. When line pressure is gradually supplied to the hydraulic servo 80 and the clutch 8 is smoothly engaged, the ring gear 44 and the sleeve 9 are connected, and power is also transmitted to the front wheels via the transmission mechanism 12, output shaft 17, and propeller shaft B. Four-wheel drive driving is achieved in which power is transmitted from the transmission input shaft 2 to the first and second output shafts 11 and 17 at a reduction ratio. When it is necessary to increase the output torque such as on a steep slope during four-wheel drive driving, the hydraulic supply/discharge control valve to the hydraulic servo is activated to gradually supply line pressure to the hydraulic servo 50, and at the same time, the hydraulic servo 70 is activated at an appropriate timing. The hydraulic pressure is discharged, the brake 5 is gradually engaged, and the clutch 7 is smoothly released. As a result, the sun gear 43 and the ring gear 44 are released, and the sun gear 43 is fixed, and the power is transmitted from the input shaft 2 to the carrier 41, the outer planetary gear 4A, the inner planetary gear 4B, the ring gear 44, the inner planetary pinion 4B, and the ring gear. 44, and a four-wheel drive driving state with large torque is obtained. Table 1 shows the engagement and release of the brake 5, clutches 7 and 8, and the running condition of the vehicle.

[Table] In Table 1, ○ indicates the engaged state of the friction engagement element, and × indicates the released state. The reduction ratio λ is the ratio of the number of teeth between the sun gear 43 and the ring gear 44 of the double pinion planetary gear mechanism, and the value of the reduction ratio is λ.
This is when the value is set to 0.45. As described in detail above, according to the transfer of the above-described embodiment, the sleeve 9 of the drive member and the case 1
Oil seal 3 between the partition walls 9 and 20 (on both sides)
0, 31, the transmission mechanism 12 can be separated from the switching mechanism 8A, and the transmission mechanism chamber 10 can be separated from the switching mechanism 8A.
9 oil level can be maintained properly. In addition, the drive member sleeve 9 and cases 19, 2
The clearance between the partition wall 0 and the first output shaft 11 is such that since the drive member is supported by the case near both sides, the drive member is difficult to displace due to a vertical load acting on the drive member, and the clearance between the first output shaft 11 It is not affected by whirling and is properly maintained, and the oil seal 3
0.31 will not deteriorate or leak oil even after long-term use.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a four-wheel drive transmission for a vehicle to which a four-wheel drive transfer according to an embodiment of the invention is applied; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a four-wheel drive transfer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the power transmission system of the vehicle. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Gear transmission, 2... Input shaft, 4... Planetary gear transmission mechanism, 7... Friction clutch, 8A...
2 wheel 4 wheel switching mechanism, 9... Sleeve (sleeve part), 11... First output shaft, 12... Transmission mechanism,
14... Sprocket (driving member), 15... Sprocket (driven member), 16... Chain, 1
7... Second output shaft, 19, 20... Transmission mechanism case, 19c, 20c... Partition wall, 25, 26... Bearing, 30-33... Oil seal.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first output shaft that transmits the output of the transmission to one axle of the vehicle; and a first output shaft that is arranged parallel to the first output shaft and transmits the output of the transmission to the other axle of the vehicle. a second output shaft for transmitting data; a drive member disposed on the radially outer side of the first output shaft so as to be concentric and relatively rotatable with respect to the first output shaft; a transmission mechanism having a driven member connected to two output shafts; a switching mechanism for selectively connecting the drive member and the first output shaft; and a partition wall separating the transmission mechanism and the switching mechanism within an outer shell. The drive member has a sleeve portion extending on both sides in the axial direction and connected to the switching mechanism through the partition wall on one side, and bearings are provided between both sides of the sleeve portion and the case. The drive member is rotatably supported by the case, and an oil seal is provided between one side of the sleeve portion and a partition wall of the case and between the other side of the sleeve portion and the case. A 4-wheel drive transfer that is characterized by: 2 The case has a first partition extending from the outer shell between the switching mechanism and the drive member, and a second partition extending from the outer shell to a side of the drive member opposite to the switching mechanism. Bearings are disposed between the first partition wall and one side of the sleeve portion and between the second partition wall and the other side of the sleeve portion to rotatably support the drive member in the case, and , an oil seal is disposed between the first partition wall and one side of the sleeve portion and between the second partition wall and the other side of the sleeve portion. Transfer.