JPH0340790B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Purpose of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to an opening/closing device for an outward folding window.

[Conventional technology]

External folding windows are highly effective in ventilation and smoke removal, so they are preferred for high-rise windows. Traditionally, windows in high places that can be folded out can usually be opened and closed manually from a suitable height above the floor, or by remote control using an electric device.
For rapid smoke evacuation in the event of a fire, some shoji are equipped with smoke detectors and operate an electric opening/closing device to open the sliding shoji. However, in the event of a fire, there is a high possibility of a power outage, making it unsafe to use only electric switchgears.

A conventional example of solving such problems is the invention of Utility Model Application No. 59-7456 (Utility Model Application No. 120190-1981). This invention does not require power to rapidly open the outward folding window and can be fully opened with one touch, and the operating means includes a ball chain for normal opening/closing and a pull with a rope for rapid opening/closing. However, for this reason, the main body of the operation box needs to be drilled from three directions, and although it is easy to operate, it has the drawback that it requires many parts and is expensive.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The present invention provides a simple and inexpensive operating device for opening and closing an outward-folding window, which can perform normal closing during normal times, freely adjust the opening degree, and can quickly open in an emergency. The purpose is to

[Structure of the invention]

[Means for solving the problem] A means for pushing out the shoji of an outward folding window, a belt having one end locked to the shoji and the other end wound around a winding drum, and a winding drum attached to the opening frame; The winding drum is equipped with a line shaft for transmitting rotation, and includes a worm wheel connected to the line shaft and rotatably supported, and a worm wheel connected to the operating means and meshing with the line shaft. A worm wheel connected to a line shaft is movable in the axial direction and rotatably supported so as to assume another position out of engagement with the worm wheel, and a worm gear is engaged with the worm and is engaged with the worm wheel in one direction via a one-way clutch. The worm wheel, which is rotatably supported only by This window opening/closing operation device includes a worm return means for ensuring movement to a position where the worm wheel engages with the worm wheel.

[Effect]

When the worm shaft is rotated in one direction with the worm shaft as the operating drive side, the worm wheel connected to the line shaft that engages with the worm rotates in one direction to close the window. In this case, the worm carries thrust on the side where its axial movement is restricted. In the direction of rotation of the worm, the worm wheel supported via a one-way clutch rotates freely. When the worm is rotated in the opposite direction, the worm wheel supported through the one-way clutch receives a rotational force but cannot rotate, so the worm moves in a direction that is not restricted in the axial direction, and finally the line axis As the worm wheel connected to the worm wheel disengages, the folding window is pushed outward and opened.
It is supported by a belt at its fully open end. At this time, the worm wheel connected to the line shaft rotates idly.

When the worm shaft is rotated in one direction to close the window with the window open, the worm engages with the worm wheel supported via the one-way clutch, and is moved in the axial direction by the worm return means and connected to the line shaft. The line shaft engages with the worm wheel, moves further in the axial direction, and stops moving in the axial direction, and the worm wheel connected to the line shaft rotates, closing the window.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view seen from the inside. A shoji metal fitting 3 is fixed to the upper stile of an outward-tiling glass shoji 2 pivotally attached to the lower frame of the opening frame 1, and one end of a belt 4 of a winding conductive medium is latched to the shoji metal fitting 3. The wrapped conductive medium may be wire rope. The other end of the belt 4 is engaged with a winding drum attached to a horizontal shaft 6 arranged along the window in a winding drum set 5 fixed to the upper frame of the opening frame 1, and is fed out from below onto the winding drum. It is wrapped like this (not visible in the picture). A line shaft 7 is connected to the horizontal shaft 6 that supports the drum. The glass shoji 2 are arranged side by side on the left and right, but are constructed in the same way.By rotation of the line shaft 7, the winding drums of the winding drum set 5 operate simultaneously on both the left and right sides, and the plurality of glass shojis 2 are opened and closed at the same time. 8
is a stay damper in which a rod is inserted into the cylinder so that the cylinder and rod can be moved in the axial direction.The cylinder end is pivotally attached to the vertical frame of the glass shoji 2, and the rod end is attached to the vertical frame of the opening frame 1. It is pivoted. A spring is housed in the cylinder of the stay damper 8 to bias the cylinder and rod in the direction of extension. This may be a spring loaded hydraulic damper. The stay damper 8 has a function of urging the glass shoji 2 toward the outside when the glass shoji 2 begins to open.

An operation box 10 is fixed to the upper part of a mullion 9 that partitions the opening frame 1. 11 is a ball chain for opening and closing.

When one side of the ball chain 11 is pulled, the glass shoji 2 opens rapidly, and when the other side of the ball chain 11 is pulled, the glass shoji 2 continuously moves in the closing direction, allowing a flexible opening degree to be obtained. In addition, while the glass shoji 2 was rapidly opening, the ball chain 11
When the closing side of the glass shoji 2 is pulled, the glass shoji 2 can be stopped half-open. 2 is a side view of the operation box 10 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the operation box 10 shown in FIG.
The figure is a front view with one of the two halves of the casing removed, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2.

A chain wheel 12 on which a ball chain 11 is hung is fitted and fixed to the hexagonal shaft end of the worm 13. The shaft portion of the worm 13 is a casing 1 divided into two parts.
It slides into bearings 15 and 16 fitted into bearings 4A and 14B. A compression spring 17 is inserted into the shaft portion of the shafted worm 13 between the bearing 15 and the worm portion. The bearing worm 13 is attached to the shoulder portion 13 of the bearing 16.
d, and the shafted worm 13 is stopped from moving to the left in the figure. Worm wheels 18 and 19 are engaged with the shafted worm 13.

The worm foil 18 has a casing 14B on both sides.
The shaft necks on both sides are fitted into bearings 23, 23 press-fitted into the casing 14A, which is fixed to the casing 14B with machine screws 21, so as to be rotatable and not move in the axial direction, and the line shaft is in the center. 7 is fitted into the hexagonal hole 24.

The worm wheel 19 is supported by a one-way clutch 26 on a shaft 25 screwed into the casing 14B so that it can rotate only in the clockwise direction in FIG. 3 and cannot move in the axial direction.

Reference numeral 27 denotes a chain wheel cover rotatably attached to the worm 13 around its axis.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the winding drum set in the inner and outer directions. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the bracket 29 and the winding drum. Brackets 29, 29 (one side is not shown in FIG. 5) on both sides fixed to the upper frame 28 of the opening frame 1 have shaft portions on both sides of the winding drum 31 of the horizontal shaft 6 press-fitted into the winding drum 31. 32 is pivotally mounted.

The horizontal shaft 6 has a hexagonal shaft end connected to the line shaft 7 via a shaft joint (not shown). At the generatrix of the winding drum 31, there are two belt stopper grooves (120° apart in the illustration) whose depths into which the pins 33 are inserted are circles larger in cross-section than the pins 33 and whose entrance widths are narrower than the diameter of the pins 33. 34 and 35 are provided.

The belt 4 is made of steel, for example, and has a belt stop groove 34 as shown in FIG.
The belt 4 entering from the entrance of the groove passes between the groove and the pin 33, wraps around the pin 33, and enters the belt stopper groove 34.
, and then comes into contact with the outer periphery of the winding drum 31,
Enter the next belt stopper groove 35 and insert the pin 33 therein.
The belt rotates around the belt, exits from the belt stopper groove 35, and is wound around the outer periphery of the winding drum 31.
Therefore, when the belt 4 is wound in this manner, the portion of the belt 4 fixed to the winding drum 31 does not swell, and the belt 4 can be wound into a nearly circular shape. Furthermore, the locking portion of the belt 4 to the winding drum 31 will not break, so it is safe.

The edge of the belt 4 on the glass shoji 2 side is fixed to the upper stile of the shoji, and has a base metal 36 with a width protruding from both sides of the belt 4, and a holding tool fixed to the base metal 36 on both sides apart from the belt 4 in the width direction with machine screws 38. 40, pin 3
The 4 ends of the belt wrapped around 7 are fixed by applying narrow pressure.

When the glass shoji 2 is closed, the stay damper 8 constantly tries to open the glass shoji 2, and the belt 4 receives a force that pulls it outward, and the winding drum 31 receives a clockwise rotational force as shown in FIG. is recieving. This rotational force is a force that rotates the worm wheel 18 in the same direction in FIG. 3, but the shafted worm 13 has a self-tightening helix angle, so it is not turned in the opposite direction, and the shafted worm 13 rotates to the left. The thrust force is carried by the bearing 16.

Now, the twist of the shafted worm 13 is right-handed,
If you pull the left side of the ball chain 11 in Figure 1, the third
In the figure, the shafted worm 13 rotates in the direction of arrow A. The worm with shaft 13 is a worm wheel 19
When trying to turn the clutch counterclockwise, the one-way clutch 2
Since the worm wheel 19 cannot rotate due to 6,
It slides in the bearings 15 and 16 against the compression spring 17 and moves to the right. Then, when the ball chain 11 moves to the right to a certain extent (as an example, the amount of movement of the ball chain 11 is 50 mm), the shafted worm 13 and the worm wheel 18 are disengaged. Even if you release your hand from the ball chain 11, the shafted worm 13, which is pushed to the left by the compression spring 17, remains engaged with the worm wheel 19.
Since the one-way clutch 26 cannot rotate counterclockwise, it remains as it is.

The worm wheel 18 is in a stationary state as it moves to the right while the worm 13 rotates, and when the worm 13 and the worm wheel 18 are disengaged, the worm wheel 18 becomes free from the shafted worm 13.
The line shaft 7, the horizontal shaft 6, and the winding drum 31 receive the moment when the glass shoji 2 falls outward due to the stay damper 8, and thereafter the outward tensile force generated by the moment caused by the gravity of the glass shoji 2. The glass shoji 2 is opened by the belt 4 and rapidly rotated clockwise in FIG. 5, and is stopped and supported by the belt 4 at the fully open position.

When the glass shoji 2 is fully opened, the shafted worm 13 is at the right end in FIG. Therefore, if you pull the right side of ball chain 11 in Figure 1, chain foil 1
2, the shafted worm 13 rotates in the opposite direction to A in FIG. The worm with shaft 13 has a compression spring 17
Since the worm wheel 18 is pressed by the worm wheel 18 in FIG.
Move to the left until it engages. And worm with shaft 1
3 meshes with the worm wheel 18, moves further to the left, and the shoulder portion 13d of the shafted worm 13 comes into contact with the bearing 16, so that the shafted worm 13 cannot move to the left.
rotates the worm wheel 18 in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. Close 2. In this case, the glass shoji 2 is closed one after another, so the opening degree of the window can be adjusted freely.

Furthermore, since the above-mentioned window closing operation is performed when the shafted worm 13 is at the right-hand end in FIG. 3, the glass shoji 2 is being opened by pulling the side of the ball chain 11 that opens the glass shoji 2. When the side of the ball chain 11 that closes the glass shoji 2 is pulled midway, the glass shoji 2 stops half-open.

In the above embodiments, the drive shaft for operation, that is, the shaft of the shafted worm, is oriented horizontally in the internal and external directions. On the other hand, there is a demand for arranging a driving shaft for operation in the direction along the wall surface. Such an embodiment will be described next. In this case, the operation box 10 is changed.

Fig. 8 is a side view of such an operation box, Fig. 9 is an exploded side view of one side of the casing of the operation box of Fig. 8, and Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 8. . In the embodiment described above, the shafted worm 13 (in this embodiment, the worm 13a and the worm shaft 13b are fixed by a pin 13c) is set as a vertical shaft, and the worm wheels 18 and 19 are arranged on the same side of the worm 13a. A screw gear 39 is fitted into the screw gear 13b and fixed with a pin 41, and the screw gear 42 is engaged with the screw gear 39 and supported by bearings 43 and 43 whose horizontal shaft portions extending along the wall surface are press-fitted into the casings 14A and 14B, respectively. It is a combination of two things. Note that the bearing 16 is attached to the casing 14
A, 14B and is press-fitted into a fixed bearing housing 44. One of the shaft portions of the screw gear 42 comes out from the casing 14B and is connected to the 11th shaft portion.
As shown in the perspective view of the figure, there is a chain foil cover 27 at the end of the shaft, and a chain foil 12 that is not visible in the figure.
is attached, and ball chain 1 is attached to chain wheel 12.
It is multiplied by 1. That is, the ball chain 11 is arranged to lie within a vertical plane in the inner and outer directions.
Alternatively, the screw gear 42 may be connected to an operation drive shaft (not shown) along the wall surface, and the operation drive shaft may be connected to an appropriate transmission system. In this embodiment, the belt 4 is wound around the winding drum 31 from above.

When the screw gear 42 is rotated, the screw gear 39 rotates, the worm shaft 13b rotates, and the worm 13a rotates in the direction of arrow B in the figure. Worm foil 1
8 is the direction of rotation of the worm wheel 18 when the glass shoji 2 is closed, and an upward thrust is applied to the worm 13a. When the worm 13a rotates in the opposite direction to the above, the worm 13a descends against the compression spring 17, and the worm wheel 1
8 becomes free and glass shoji 2 opens. Warm 1
When 3a moves in the axial direction, the worm 13
Since the total weight of the worm shaft 13a, the worm shaft 13b, and other items attached to the worm shaft 13b is applied downward as a thrust, the compression spring 17 has a thrust that exceeds these weights based on these weights.

When the operation box shown in FIG. 8 is used upside down, the worm 13a can be moved downward by the combined weight of the worm 13a, the worm shaft 13b, and other objects attached to the worm shaft 13b, so the glass shoji 2 can be moved downward. When attempting to close from the open state, the worm 13a descends reliably even without the compression spring 17, so it is not necessary to provide the compression spring 17.

When the glass shoji 2 rotates from the open state to the closing direction, the worms 13, 13a are compressed by the compression springs 17.
Alternatively, turn each figure of the second embodiment upside down and insert the worm 13a into the worm foil 18 from the position where the worm 13a and the worm foil 18 are disengaged.
The worm 13a, the worm shaft 13b, and the weight of other objects attached to the worm shaft 13b, which are moved in a downward direction for engagement with the worm wheel 18, return to the engagement position with the worm wheel 18. We need a means to do so.

This worm return means is not limited to the above-mentioned return means, as it may be sufficient to actively urge the worm in a direction to return the worm or to provide resistance to the rotation of the worm wheel 19. For example, warm 1
Instead of the compression spring 17, opposing magnets of the same polarity may be installed between the worm wheel 3, 13a and the bearing 15 that supports it, or a brake shoe may be applied to the worm wheel 19 to provide rotational resistance to the worm wheel 19. In the case of the above-mentioned magnet, the variation in the force that urges the worms 13, 13a with respect to the moving distance of the worms 13, 13a is different from that in the case of the compression spring 17. When the worm wheel 19 is pressed with a shoe to provide rotational resistance to the worm wheel 19, the worms 13, 13
When moving the worms 13 and 13a in the direction of meshing with the worm wheel 18, the worms 13 and 13a
Worm foil 1 as if it were part of a female thread.
A reaction force is generated at 9, but this is supported by the force of the brake shoe.

〔Effect of the invention〕

A means for pushing out a shoji of an outward folding window, a belt having one end locked to the shoji and the other end wound around a winding drum, a winding drum attached to an opening frame, and a belt for transmitting rotation to the winding drum. In a device equipped with a line shaft, a worm is connected to an operation drive shaft and supported rotatably and movably in the axial direction so as to be able to engage and detach from a worm wheel connected to the line shaft, and the worm is connected to the line shaft. A worm return means that engages with the connected worm wheel, a worm wheel that is connected to the line shaft and is rotatably supported, and a worm that engages with the worm and is rotatably supported in only one direction via a one-way clutch. Since the window opening/closing operation device includes a foil,
When you want to vent smoke, you can quickly open the window fully by simply rotating the worm shaft in one direction. To close the window, rotate the worm shaft in the opposite direction to the direction it was rotated when opening the window, and the window will gradually close. To half-open the window, the worm shaft is rotated in the opening direction, and during the window opening operation, the worm shaft is slightly rotated in the opposite direction to the window opening operation, and the window stops. Therefore, it is possible to quickly open the window fully or half-open it. The operation box is small and unitized, and the installation work is simple, as it only needs to be connected to the line shaft for opening and closing the outward-folding window and attached to the frame. Rapid full opening of the windows is suitable for situations where power outages are likely to occur, such as in the event of a fire, because the windows open by themselves without the use of power. Since the moment of the glass shoji of the outward-folding window is guided to the worm wheel and the worm is moved in the axial direction by the worm wheel, the structure is simple and the operation in an emergency is highly reliable. The parts are one worm, two worm wheels, one one-way clutch, and the rest are shafts and bearing casings, and the number of parts is extremely small and inexpensive. The bore machining for the bearing in the casing requires only three holes from two directions, reducing the number of machining steps.

In the embodiment, the chain fixed to the end of the worm shaft for operation driving and the ball chain hung on the chain were mainly described, but the operation transmission system is not limited to this, and may be implemented by other means, depending on the location. Alternatively, a handle may be attached directly to the end of the worm shaft.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the embodiment of the invention as seen from the inside, FIG. 2 is a side view of the operation box, FIG. 3 is a side view of the operation box shown in FIG. 2 with one side of the casing removed, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of the winding drum set in the internal and external direction, FIG. 6 is a partially exploded perspective view of FIG. 5, and FIG.
8 is a side view of another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 9 is a sectional view parallel to the paper plane of FIG. 8; FIG. 10 is a line B-B in FIG. 8. The sectional view and FIG. 11 are perspective views showing an example of the operating means of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 10. 1... Opening frame, 2... Glass shoji, 3... Shoji metal fittings, 4... Belt, 5... Winding drum set, 6... Horizontal axis, 7... Line axis, 8... Stay damper, 9... mullion, 10...operation box,
11... Ball chain, 12... Chain foil,
13... Worm with shaft, 13a... Worm, 1
3b... Worm shaft, 13c... Pin, 13d...
...Shoulder, 14A, 14B...Casing, 15,
16... Bearing, 17... Compression spring, 18, 19...
... Worm foil, 21 ... Machine screw, 23 ... Bearing, 24 ... Hexagon socket, 25 ... Shaft, 26 ... One-way clutch, 27 ... Chain wheel cover, 28
... Upper frame, 29 ... Bracket, 31 ... Winding drum, 32 ... Shaft section, 33 ... Pin, 34, 35
... Belt stopper groove, 36 ... Base metal, 37 ... Pin, 38 ... Machine screw, 39 ... Screw gear, 40 ...
...Presser, 41...Pin, 42...Screw gear.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A means for pushing out the shoji of an outward folding window, a belt that has one end locked on the shoji and the other end wound around a winding drum, a winding drum attached to the opening frame, and a means for transmitting rotation to the winding drum. A worm wheel connected to the line shaft and rotatably supported, and a worm wheel connected to the operating means and connected to the line shaft at one position where it engages with the worm wheel connected to the line shaft. A worm that is movable in the axial direction and rotatably supported so as to assume another position disengaged from the worm wheel, and a worm that engages with the worm and is rotatably supported in only one direction via a one-way clutch. From the disengaged state of the worm wheel and the worm wheel connected to the line shaft, the worm rotates in the direction of closing the shoji to the position where it meshes with the worm wheel connected to the line shaft of the worm. A window opening/closing operating device including a worm return means for ensuring movement of the window.