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JPH0346965B2 - - Google Patents
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JPH0346965B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0346965B2
JPH0346965B2 JP60277158A JP27715885A JPH0346965B2 JP H0346965 B2 JPH0346965 B2 JP H0346965B2 JP 60277158 A JP60277158 A JP 60277158A JP 27715885 A JP27715885 A JP 27715885A JP H0346965 B2 JPH0346965 B2 JP H0346965B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
activated carbon
polarizable electrode
expanded graphite
polarizable
capacitor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP60277158A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS62136011A (en
Inventor
Ichiro Tanahashi
Atsushi Nishino
Akihiko Yoshida
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP60277158A priority Critical patent/JPS62136011A/en
Publication of JPS62136011A publication Critical patent/JPS62136011A/en
Publication of JPH0346965B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0346965B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

産業上の利用分野 本発明は、電気二重層キヤパシタやエレクトロ
クロミツクデイスプレイあるいは電池に用いる分
極性電極に関する。 従来の技術 従来の分極性電極としては、例えば特開昭55−
99714号公報、特開昭60−85508号公報に示されて
いるように、活性炭繊維織布、セルロースととも
に抄紙したペーパ状の活性炭繊維、さらには活性
炭粉末をフツ素系の結合剤でペレツト状に成形し
たものがある。その集電体としてはアルミニウム
などの金属層あるいは導電性樹脂層を用いてい
る。 発明が解決しようとする問題点 上記のような構成の分極性電極は、いずれも厚
み方向の導電性が十分ではなく、内部抵抗が大き
くなり、気速充電することが困難であつた。 問題点を解決するための手段 本発明は上記問題点を解決するため、粉砕され
た活性炭繊維あるいは活性炭粉末と、膨張化黒鉛
から構成するものである。 作 用 上記の構成により、分極性電極の抵抗値、特に
厚み方向の抵抗値を低減し、急速充電に適した分
極性電極を実現することができる。 ここで、本発明で用いる導電性を有した膨張化
黒鉛について概設する。 膨張化黒鉛は、天然黒鉛を濃硫酸や濃硝酸中
110℃程度で加熱し、リン片状の黒鉛硫酸層間化
合物とし、このものを700〜1000℃の温度で熱分
解することにより膨張させて得られるものであ
る。 特徴としては、次の項目を挙げることができ
る。 耐薬品性に優れ、ほとんどの酸、アルカリ、
有機薬品に侵されない。 電気比抵抗が10-3Ωcm程度である。 相手材となじみ性に優れる。 柔軟性があり、容易に加工できる。 実施例 以下、本発明の実施例を説明する。 実施例 1 直径10〜13μm、長さ0.5mm〜3mmのチヨツプ状
活性炭繊維(BET法による比表面積2000m2/g、
細孔容積0.9c.c./g、フエノール系活性炭繊維)
を第1表に示す混合比でかさ密度0.3の膨張化黒
鉛と十分混合し、3トン/cm2の圧力で加圧成形し
て直径6mmの円板状ペレツトとした。この分極性
電極を用いて第1図に示す構成の扁平型電気二重
層キヤパシタを作成した。この分極性電極は従来
のような集電体は必要としない。また、膨張化黒
鉛が結合剤のような働きをするので、特別に結合
剤を加えなくとも成形体の形態を維持する。電解
液には、テトラエチルアンモニウムパークロレー
トの1モル/プロピレンカーボネート溶液を使
用した。 第1表には、電極の相対的な強度とキヤパシタ
のインピーダンス値(1KHzでの測定値)、容量値
を示す。比較例として従来の織布状活性炭繊維、
ペーパ状活性炭繊維、活性炭粉末成形体を使用し
たキヤパシタ(No.6、7、8)の特性を付記し
た。従来のものには、金属溶射、導電性樹脂層、
あるいは金属ネツト等の集電部材を用いている。 第1表より明らかなように、本実施例のキヤパ
シタは、特別な集電体を改めて形成しなくても十
分な集電能力を有していることがわかる。また容
量値は、活性炭繊維の量に比例しており、膨張化
黒鉛の比率が50%以上でないと十分に強度を有し
た分極性電極を得にくい。 第1図において、1,1′は分極性電極、2は
セパレータ、3は下ケース、4は上ケース、5は
ガスケツトである。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention relates to polarizable electrodes used in electric double layer capacitors, electrochromic displays, or batteries. Conventional technology For example, as a conventional polarizable electrode,
As shown in Publication No. 99714 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1985-85508, activated carbon fiber woven fabric, paper-like activated carbon fiber made with cellulose, and activated carbon powder are made into pellets with a fluorine-based binder. There are molded ones. As the current collector, a metal layer such as aluminum or a conductive resin layer is used. Problems to be Solved by the Invention All of the polarizable electrodes configured as described above do not have sufficient conductivity in the thickness direction, resulting in large internal resistance and difficulty in rapid charging. Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention consists of pulverized activated carbon fibers or activated carbon powder and expanded graphite. Effect With the above configuration, it is possible to reduce the resistance value of the polarizable electrode, particularly the resistance value in the thickness direction, and realize a polarizable electrode suitable for rapid charging. Here, the expanded graphite having electrical conductivity used in the present invention will be outlined. Expanded graphite is made by mixing natural graphite in concentrated sulfuric acid or concentrated nitric acid.
It is obtained by heating at about 110°C to form a scale-like graphite-sulfuric acid intercalation compound, which is then expanded by thermal decomposition at a temperature of 700 to 1000°C. Features include the following: Excellent chemical resistance, most acids, alkalis,
Not attacked by organic chemicals. The electrical resistivity is approximately 10 -3 Ωcm. Excellent compatibility with mating materials. Flexible and easily processed. Examples Examples of the present invention will be described below. Example 1 Tap-shaped activated carbon fibers with a diameter of 10 to 13 μm and a length of 0.5 mm to 3 mm (specific surface area of 2000 m 2 /g by BET method,
Pore volume 0.9cc/g, phenolic activated carbon fiber)
was thoroughly mixed with expanded graphite having a bulk density of 0.3 at the mixing ratio shown in Table 1, and the mixture was press-molded at a pressure of 3 tons/cm 2 to form disk-shaped pellets with a diameter of 6 mm. Using this polarizable electrode, a flat electric double layer capacitor having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 was created. This polarizable electrode does not require a conventional current collector. Furthermore, since the expanded graphite acts like a binder, the shape of the molded article is maintained even without the addition of a special binder. A 1 mol/propylene carbonate solution of tetraethylammonium perchlorate was used as the electrolyte. Table 1 shows the relative strength of the electrodes, the impedance value (measured at 1 KHz), and the capacitance value of the capacitor. As a comparative example, conventional woven activated carbon fiber,
The characteristics of the capacitors (Nos. 6, 7, and 8) using paper-like activated carbon fibers and activated carbon powder compacts are also listed. Conventional methods include metal spraying, conductive resin layer,
Alternatively, a current collecting member such as a metal net is used. As is clear from Table 1, it can be seen that the capacitor of this example has sufficient current collecting ability without the need to newly form a special current collector. Further, the capacitance value is proportional to the amount of activated carbon fiber, and unless the proportion of expanded graphite is 50% or more, it is difficult to obtain a polarizable electrode with sufficient strength. In FIG. 1, 1 and 1' are polarizable electrodes, 2 is a separator, 3 is a lower case, 4 is an upper case, and 5 is a gasket.

【表】【table】

【表】 実施例 2 直径15〜20μm、長さ0.5〜3mmのチヨツプ状活
性炭繊維A(BET法による比表面積1200m2/g、
PAN系)と同形のピツチ系活性炭繊維B(BET
法による比表面積1000m2/g)を用い、それぞ
れ、活性炭繊維と膨張化黒鉛を重量比10:90の割
合で混合し、実施例1と同様3トン/cm2の圧力で
加圧成形し、ペレツト状の分極性電極とし、同様
な構成のキヤパシタa,bを作成した。その特性
を第2表に示す。
[Table] Example 2 Chopped activated carbon fiber A with a diameter of 15 to 20 μm and a length of 0.5 to 3 mm (specific surface area of 1200 m 2 /g by BET method,
Pitch-based activated carbon fiber B (BET) with the same shape as PAN-based)
Using a specific surface area of 1000 m 2 /g), activated carbon fibers and expanded graphite were mixed at a weight ratio of 10:90, and pressure molded at a pressure of 3 tons/cm 2 as in Example 1. Capacitors a and b having the same structure were created using pellet-shaped polarizable electrodes. Its properties are shown in Table 2.

【表】 実施例 3 実施例1の第1表No.1の組成を有し、さらに第
2図に示すように金属ケースと接する面に膨張化
黒鉛の含有率を上げた部分7,7′を有するもの
分極性電極6,6′を構成し、実施例1と同様な
電解液、セパレータ、ケーシング材料でキヤパシ
タを作成した。このキヤパシタの容量値は0.13F、
インピーダンス値は40Ωであつた。 実施例 4 正極側分極性電極として実施例1の第1表のNo.
1と同様な電極を用い、負極としてSnとCdの比
が85:15の合金(ウツド合金)にリチウムを吸蔵
させた非分極性電極を用いて電気二重層キヤパシ
タを作成した。本実施例においても他の構成材料
は実施例1と同様である。本実施例における容量
値は0.25F、インピーダンス値は43Ωであつた。 実施例 5 比表面積600m2/gの活性炭粉末と、膨張化黒
鉛を、10:90の重量比で混合し3トン/cm2の圧力
でプレス成形し、実施例1と同様な電解液、セパ
レータ、ケーシング材を用いてキヤパシタを作成
したところ、容量値は0.06F、インピーダンス値
は、42Ωであつた。 本発明の分極性電極体は、上記のような電気二
重層キヤパシタのみならず、電池やエレクトロク
ロミツクデイスプレイ等に広く使用できる。 発明の効果 以上のように、本発明によれば従来のような集
電体を設けなくとも低抵抗値の分極性電極が得ら
れる。
[Table] Example 3 Parts 7 and 7' having the composition shown in Table 1 No. 1 of Example 1, and having an increased content of expanded graphite on the surface in contact with the metal case as shown in Figure 2. The polarizable electrodes 6, 6' were constructed using the same electrolytic solution, separator, and casing materials as in Example 1 to create a capacitor. The capacitance value of this capacitor is 0.13F,
The impedance value was 40Ω. Example 4 No. 1 in Table 1 of Example 1 was used as the positive polarizable electrode.
An electric double layer capacitor was created using an electrode similar to 1, and a non-polarizable electrode in which lithium was occluded in an alloy (wood alloy) with a ratio of Sn to Cd of 85:15 as the negative electrode. In this embodiment, other constituent materials are the same as in the first embodiment. In this example, the capacitance value was 0.25F and the impedance value was 43Ω. Example 5 Activated carbon powder with a specific surface area of 600 m 2 /g and expanded graphite were mixed at a weight ratio of 10:90 and press-molded at a pressure of 3 tons/cm 2 to form the same electrolyte and separator as in Example 1. When a capacitor was made using the casing material, the capacitance value was 0.06F and the impedance value was 42Ω. The polarizable electrode body of the present invention can be widely used not only in electric double layer capacitors as described above but also in batteries, electrochromic displays, and the like. Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, a polarizable electrode with a low resistance value can be obtained without providing a current collector unlike the conventional one.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図及び第2図は本発明の分極性電極を用い
た電気二重層キヤパシタの構成を示す縦断面図で
ある。
1 and 2 are longitudinal sectional views showing the structure of an electric double layer capacitor using the polarizable electrode of the present invention.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 チヨツプ状の活性炭繊維あるいは活性炭粉末
と膨張化黒鉛から構成した分極性電極。
1 Polarizable electrode composed of chopped activated carbon fibers or activated carbon powder and expanded graphite.
JP60277158A 1985-12-10 1985-12-10 polarizable electrode Granted JPS62136011A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60277158A JPS62136011A (en) 1985-12-10 1985-12-10 polarizable electrode

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60277158A JPS62136011A (en) 1985-12-10 1985-12-10 polarizable electrode

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62136011A JPS62136011A (en) 1987-06-19
JPH0346965B2 true JPH0346965B2 (en) 1991-07-17

Family

ID=17579607

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60277158A Granted JPS62136011A (en) 1985-12-10 1985-12-10 polarizable electrode

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62136011A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011001747A1 (en) 2009-06-30 2011-01-06 三洋電機株式会社 Production method and production device for solar battery

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH027509A (en) * 1988-06-27 1990-01-11 Nec Corp Electric double-layer capacitor
JPH07161589A (en) * 1993-12-06 1995-06-23 Nisshinbo Ind Inc Electric double-layer capacitor
US6627352B1 (en) 1996-08-22 2003-09-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Lithium ion secondary battery and its negative electrode
JP2015038901A (en) * 2011-01-26 2015-02-26 五十嵐 五郎 Expanded graphite for adsorption and storage
JP2016001593A (en) * 2014-05-21 2016-01-07 株式会社リコー Non-aqueous electrolyte storage element

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011001747A1 (en) 2009-06-30 2011-01-06 三洋電機株式会社 Production method and production device for solar battery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62136011A (en) 1987-06-19

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