JPH0351056B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0351056B2 JPH0351056B2 JP57168641A JP16864182A JPH0351056B2 JP H0351056 B2 JPH0351056 B2 JP H0351056B2 JP 57168641 A JP57168641 A JP 57168641A JP 16864182 A JP16864182 A JP 16864182A JP H0351056 B2 JPH0351056 B2 JP H0351056B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- sheet
- battery
- electrode
- hydrogen storage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002640 NiOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910011212 Ti—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
- H01M4/242—Hydrogen storage electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の技術分野〕
本発明は水素電極に関し、更に詳しくは、正極
が金属酸化物、水素を負極活動物質とし充放電可
能な金属酸化物・水素電池に用いて有水な水素電
極に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a hydrogen electrode, and more particularly to a hydrogen electrode that can be used in chargeable and dischargeable metal oxide/hydrogen batteries with a metal oxide as the positive electrode and hydrogen as the negative electrode active material. Regarding water hydrogen electrodes.
（発明の技術的背景とその問題点〕
金属酸化物・水素電池は、長寿命で基本的には
軽量であるため、一部特殊用途ではあるが、ニツ
ケル・カドミウム電池に代わる蓄電池として使用
されている。(Technical background of the invention and its problems) Metal oxide/hydrogen batteries have a long life and are basically lightweight, so they are used as storage batteries to replace nickel/cadmium batteries, although they have some special uses. There is.
この電池は水素を負極活物質とする。水素は充
電時に電解液を構成する水の電気分解によつて供
給される。通常、充電完了時点においては、水素
は約50Kg／cm2とかなり高圧になる。したがつて、
この電池にあつては、容器は耐圧構造でなければ
ならない。そのため、電池は大型化しかつその重
量は大きくなるという問題を生ずる。 This battery uses hydrogen as the negative electrode active material. Hydrogen is supplied by electrolysis of water that constitutes the electrolyte during charging. Normally, when charging is complete, hydrogen is at a fairly high pressure of about 50 kg/cm 2 . Therefore,
For this battery, the container must be of pressure-resistant construction. Therefore, problems arise in that the battery becomes larger and heavier.
このような問題を解消するために、最近では水
素吸蔵金属を用いることが試みられている。すな
わち、電池内又はパイプラインを介して電池に接
続する他の容器の中に水素吸蔵金属を収納し、充
電時に発生する水素を該金属で吸収して貯蔵し、
また、放電時には貯蔵水素を該金属から放出して
電池反応に共するというものである。このような
方法によれば、電池内の圧力を低くかつ一定の値
（例えば１〜15Kg／cm2）に保持することが可能と
なる。 In order to solve these problems, attempts have recently been made to use hydrogen storage metals. That is, a hydrogen storage metal is stored inside the battery or in another container connected to the battery via a pipeline, and hydrogen generated during charging is absorbed and stored by the metal,
Furthermore, during discharge, stored hydrogen is released from the metal and participates in the battery reaction. According to such a method, it is possible to maintain the pressure inside the battery at a low and constant value (for example, 1 to 15 kg/cm 2 ).
しかしながら、この方法の場合、圧力問題は改
善されても電池全体の大型化という問題が依然と
して残る。 However, in the case of this method, even if the pressure problem is improved, the problem of increasing the overall size of the battery still remains.
したがつて、水素吸蔵金属を直接水素電極とし
て使用し、そのことによつて、電池反応と水素吸
蔵を合わせて機能せしめるということが試みられ
ている。これは、水素吸蔵金属から電極体を作成
し、ここに所定の触媒を担持せしめて構成されて
いる。 Therefore, attempts have been made to use hydrogen storage metals directly as hydrogen electrodes, thereby allowing the battery reaction and hydrogen storage to function together. This is constructed by creating an electrode body from a hydrogen-absorbing metal and supporting a predetermined catalyst thereon.
しかしながら、従来から提案されている水素電
極は、その水素吸蔵能が充分ではなく、また水素
過電圧が高く放電時にあつて大電流を取り出そう
とすると電圧が低下するという不都合な事態が生
じていた。 However, conventionally proposed hydrogen electrodes do not have sufficient hydrogen storage capacity and have a high hydrogen overvoltage, which causes an inconvenient situation in which the voltage drops when attempting to extract a large current during discharge.
本発明は、水素吸蔵能が大でしたがつて電池内
圧が低くなり良好な放電特性を与える新規な構造
の水素電極の提供を目的とする。
An object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen electrode having a novel structure that has a large hydrogen storage capacity, lowers the internal pressure of the battery, and provides good discharge characteristics.
本発明の水素電極は、第１図に例示したよう
に、集電体１の片面に触媒層のシート２を、他の
面には水素吸蔵金属のシート３が配設され全体を
一体化した構造の電極である。すなわち、本発明
の水素電極は、触媒が担持されたニツケル粉末を
耐アルカリ性でかつ撥水性の結着剤で混練して圧
延成形したシートと、水素吸蔵金属粉末を耐アル
カリ性でかつ撥水性の結着剤で混練して圧延成形
したシートを、それぞれ、集電体の両側から圧接
して一体化した構造であることを特徴とする。
As illustrated in FIG. 1, the hydrogen electrode of the present invention has a catalyst layer sheet 2 on one side of a current collector 1, and a hydrogen storage metal sheet 3 on the other side, so that the entire structure is integrated. This is an electrode structure. That is, the hydrogen electrode of the present invention consists of a sheet made by rolling and kneading nickel powder carrying a catalyst with an alkali-resistant and water-repellent binder, and a sheet of hydrogen-absorbing metal powder mixed with an alkali-resistant and water-repellent binder. It is characterized in that it has a structure in which sheets kneaded with an adhesive and rolled are pressed together from both sides of a current collector.
本発明にかかる水素吸蔵金属のシートは、水素
吸蔵金属の粉末と結着剤とから構成される。水素
吸蔵金属としては、常温で１〜15Kg／cm2の水素平
衡圧を有するものであれば全て用いることがで
き、例えばLaNi5、ミツシユメタル合金、Ti−
Ni系合金、Ti−Fe系合金、Ti−Mn係合金をあ
げることができる。 The hydrogen storage metal sheet according to the present invention is composed of hydrogen storage metal powder and a binder. Any hydrogen storage metal can be used as long as it has a hydrogen equilibrium pressure of 1 to 15 kg/cm 2 at room temperature, such as LaNi 5 , Mitsushi Metal alloy, Ti-
Examples include Ni-based alloys, Ti-Fe-based alloys, and Ti-Mn alloys.
これら金属は粒径200μｍ以下の粉末として使
用される。また、これら金属はそのまま使用して
もよいが、予め水素で活性化してから用いること
が好ましい。 These metals are used as powders with a particle size of 200 μm or less. Further, although these metals may be used as they are, it is preferable to activate them with hydrogen before use.
シートの作成に当つては、上記した水素吸蔵金
属の粉末を結着剤と混練し、得られた混練物を常
法にしたがつて圧延成形して所定厚みのシートに
する。このとき、用いる結着剤は、耐アルカリ性
でかつ撥水性のものであれば何であつてもよく、
ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、フツ化炭素、ポリ
エチレンなどをあげることができる。 To prepare a sheet, the above-mentioned hydrogen storage metal powder is kneaded with a binder, and the resulting kneaded product is rolled and formed into a sheet of a predetermined thickness according to a conventional method. At this time, the binder used may be anything as long as it is alkali resistant and water repellent.
Examples include polytetrafluoroethylene, carbon fluoride, and polyethylene.
結着剤の配合量は、用いる水素吸蔵金属の種
類、粒径、吸蔵させるべき水素量、更には水素電
極の操作条件等によつて変化すべきであつて一義
的に定めることはできないが、基本的には水素吸
蔵金属粉末のシートからの脱落を防止しかつ水素
吸蔵能を阻害しない量であることが必要で、通
常、１〜50重量％である。得られたシートは、
0.1〜２mmが適切である。 The amount of the binder to be mixed should vary depending on the type of hydrogen storage metal used, the particle size, the amount of hydrogen to be stored, the operating conditions of the hydrogen electrode, etc., and cannot be determined unambiguously. Basically, the amount needs to be such that it prevents the hydrogen storage metal powder from falling off the sheet and does not inhibit the hydrogen storage ability, and is usually 1 to 50% by weight. The obtained sheet is
0.1 to 2 mm is appropriate.
次に、触媒層のシートは、触媒を表面に担持し
たニツケル粉末と上記した結着剤とから構成され
る。 Next, the sheet of the catalyst layer is composed of nickel powder carrying a catalyst on its surface and the above-mentioned binder.
ニツケル粉末は触媒担体として機能しその粒径
は100μｍ以下であることが好ましい。担持され
る触媒としては、白金、ポラジウム、銀、炭素な
どがあげられるが、とくに白金が好ましい。その
担持量は、ニツケル粉末１ｇに対し10-5ｇである
ことが必要でこれより少ないと触媒効果が発揮さ
れない。担持量の上限は格別限定される必要はな
い。 The nickel powder functions as a catalyst carrier and preferably has a particle size of 100 μm or less. Examples of the supported catalyst include platinum, plaladium, silver, and carbon, with platinum being particularly preferred. The supported amount must be 10 -5 g per 1 g of nickel powder; if it is less than this, the catalytic effect will not be exhibited. The upper limit of the supported amount does not need to be particularly limited.
触媒のニツケル粉末への担持は、例えば所定の
触媒成分を溶解する溶液（例えば塩化白金酸溶
液）にニツケル粉末を浸漬してその表面に該溶液
を付着せしめるという方法で容易に行なうことが
できる。 The catalyst can be easily supported on the nickel powder by, for example, immersing the nickel powder in a solution that dissolves a predetermined catalyst component (for example, a chloroplatinic acid solution) and allowing the solution to adhere to the surface of the nickel powder.
シートの作成に用いる結着剤は、水素吸蔵金属
のシートの作成に用いた結着剤でよい。結着剤の
配合量は、得られたシートの多孔度ができるだけ
大きくなるような量でかつ触媒担持のニツケル粉
末の脱落防止に有効な量であり、通常、１〜30重
量％である。 The binder used to create the sheet may be the binder used to create the hydrogen storage metal sheet. The amount of the binder to be added is such that the porosity of the obtained sheet is as large as possible and is effective in preventing the catalyst-supported nickel powder from falling off, and is usually 1 to 30% by weight.
シートの厚みは、電極反応を有効に進行せしめ
るに充分な量の触媒を保持できる厚みであること
が必要で、しかも可能な限り薄い方がよい。通
常、0.05〜１mmが適当である。 The thickness of the sheet must be such that it can hold a sufficient amount of catalyst for the electrode reaction to proceed effectively, and it is better to be as thin as possible. Usually, 0.05 to 1 mm is appropriate.
本発明にかかる集電体は、耐アルカリ性の金属
で構成される。ニツケルが好適である。集電体の
形状は、後述するように、上記したシートをそれ
ぞれ該集電体の両面に配設して全体を圧接して一
体化したとき、各シートが該集電体を介して互い
に密着できるような形状のもの、具体的には、ネ
ツト状、エキスパンド状のものである。その厚み
は通常の0.05〜0.2mmである。本発明の水素電極
は、集電体を水素吸蔵金属のシートと触媒層のシ
ートとで挟み、全体を適宜な圧力で圧着し一体化
して製造される。圧着持、それぞれのシートは、
塑性変形して集電体の多孔部分で互いに密着する
ことになる。 The current collector according to the present invention is made of an alkali-resistant metal. Nickel is preferred. As will be described later, the shape of the current collector is such that when the above-mentioned sheets are placed on both sides of the current collector and the whole is pressed together and integrated, the sheets are in close contact with each other through the current collector. It is shaped like a net or expanded. Its thickness is usually 0.05-0.2mm. The hydrogen electrode of the present invention is manufactured by sandwiching a current collector between a sheet of a hydrogen storage metal and a sheet of a catalyst layer, and pressing the whole together with an appropriate pressure to integrate them. Crimp, each sheet is
They are plastically deformed and come into close contact with each other at the porous portions of the current collector.
なお、触媒層のシートは、電解液との濡れの度
合いによつてその反応速度が変化する。そして該
シートの濡れの度合いは、シートに配合されてい
る結着剤の量によつて影響を受ける。したがつ
て、触媒層のシート中の結着剤の量が、撥水性の
点で不足している場合には、シートを作成した時
点又は電極を構成した時点のいずれかの時点で、
シート又は電極を結着剤の分散液中に浸漬して更
に撥水性を付与するか又は非酸化性雰囲気下で熱
処理して撥水性を向上せしめればよい。両方の処
理を行なつてもよい。 Note that the reaction rate of the sheet of the catalyst layer changes depending on the degree of wetting with the electrolytic solution. The degree of wetting of the sheet is influenced by the amount of binder contained in the sheet. Therefore, if the amount of binder in the sheet of the catalyst layer is insufficient in terms of water repellency, either at the time of creating the sheet or at the time of constructing the electrode,
The sheet or electrode may be immersed in a binder dispersion to further impart water repellency, or the sheet or electrode may be heat-treated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to improve water repellency. Both processes may be performed.
平均粒径50μｍのLaNi5の粉末40重量部を、粒
径5μｍのPTFE60％を含む分散液（比重1.5）15
重量部に加えて混練した。混練物をロール圧延し
て厚み0.6mmのシートとした。これを室温で乾燥
した。多孔度30％、PTFE18重量％の水素吸蔵金
属のシートが得られた。
40 parts by weight of LaNi 5 powder with an average particle size of 50 μm was mixed into a dispersion containing 60% PTFE (specific gravity 1.5) with a particle size of 5 μm15
parts by weight and kneaded. The kneaded material was rolled into a sheet with a thickness of 0.6 mm. This was dried at room temperature. A sheet of hydrogen storage metal with a porosity of 30% and PTFE of 18% by weight was obtained.
つぎに、平均粒径5μｍのニツケル粉末10ｇを、
白金濃度４％の塩化白金酸水溶液10ｇに加えて、
塩化白金酸の橙色が消えるまで充分撹拌した。得
られた粉末を流水で洗浄し、再び上記した塩化白
金酸水溶液10ｇに加え、撹拌した。この操作を合
計３回行なつた後、酸性がきえるまで流水で充分
洗浄し、最後に乾燥した。白金のニツケル粉末へ
の担持量は0.1重量％であつた。得られた粉末を、
水素吸蔵金属のシートを作成したときと同様の方
法で、厚み0.2mmの触媒層シートとした。多孔度
40％、PTFE量15重量％であつた。 Next, 10g of nickel powder with an average particle size of 5μm,
In addition to 10 g of a chloroplatinic acid aqueous solution with a platinum concentration of 4%,
The mixture was thoroughly stirred until the orange color of chloroplatinic acid disappeared. The obtained powder was washed with running water, added again to 10 g of the above chloroplatinic acid aqueous solution, and stirred. After performing this operation three times in total, the sample was thoroughly washed with running water until the acidity disappeared, and finally dried. The amount of platinum supported on the nickel powder was 0.1% by weight. The obtained powder,
A catalyst layer sheet with a thickness of 0.2 mm was made using the same method as when making a sheet of hydrogen storage metal. porosity
The amount of PTFE was 15% by weight.
ついで、厚み0.12mm、60メツシユのニツケルネ
ツトの両面に、上記したシートをそれぞれを重ね
て、全体を圧着した。第１図に例示したような一
体化構造の電極が得られた。厚み0.7mm。集電体
１にリード線を付設して本発明の水素電極とし
た。 Next, the above-mentioned sheets were stacked on both sides of a 60-mesh nickel net with a thickness of 0.12 mm, and the whole was crimped. An electrode having an integrated structure as illustrated in FIG. 1 was obtained. Thickness: 0.7mm. A lead wire was attached to the current collector 1 to form a hydrogen electrode of the present invention.
次に、第２図に示した金属酸化物・水素電池を
組立てた。図で、１はニツケルネツト（集電体）、
２は触媒層シート、３は水素吸蔵金属含有のシー
トであつて、全体で本発明の水素電極（負極）を
構成する。４はニツケル極（活物質NiOOH）か
ら成る正極、５はセパレータで厚み0.3mmのポリ
アミド不織布である。電解液は８モル／の
KOH溶液を用いた。６，７はそれぞれ負極及び
正極の端子で、ステンレス製の電池容器８から電
気的に独立している。なお、容器８については、
電池構成要素を組込んだ後、全体を密閉した。９
は容器内圧測定用のパイプ、１０は圧力測定器で
ある。 Next, the metal oxide/hydrogen battery shown in FIG. 2 was assembled. In the figure, 1 is a nickel net (current collector),
2 is a catalyst layer sheet, and 3 is a sheet containing a hydrogen storage metal, which together constitute the hydrogen electrode (negative electrode) of the present invention. 4 is a positive electrode made of a nickel electrode (active material NiOOH), and 5 is a separator made of polyamide nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 0.3 mm. The electrolyte is 8 mol/
A KOH solution was used. 6 and 7 are negative and positive terminals, respectively, which are electrically independent from the stainless steel battery container 8. Regarding container 8,
After the battery components were assembled, the whole thing was sealed. 9
1 is a pipe for measuring the internal pressure of the container, and 10 is a pressure measuring device.
正極４はセパレータ５でＵ字型につつみ、その
外側に水素吸蔵金属含有シート層側を接触させて
負極を配設し、全体をアクリル製のホルダー１１
で密着保持した。正極の容量は300ｍAH、負極
のLaNi5は500AH相当量のH2を吸蔵する量であ
る。 The positive electrode 4 is wrapped in a U-shape with a separator 5, and the negative electrode is arranged with the hydrogen storage metal-containing sheet layer side in contact with the outside of the separator 5, and the whole is placed in an acrylic holder 11.
It was held in close contact. The capacity of the positive electrode is 300 mAH, and the LaNi 5 of the negative electrode has an amount that stores H 2 equivalent to 500 AH.
この電池を150ｍＡで２時間充電した。充電後、
300ｍＡ（30ｍＡ／cm2）、600ｍＡ（60ｍＡ／cm2）、
1200ｍＡ（120ｍＡ／cm2）でそれぞれ放電させ、そ
のときの放電電圧と放電効率（％）との関係を調
べた。その結果を第３図に示した。図中の曲線
で、Ａは300ｍＡ、Ｂは600ｍＡ、Ｃは1200ｍＡの
場合を示す。図から明らかなように、放電電圧は
あまり低下せず、かつ放電効率も90％以上であり
極めて良好な結果が得られた。 This battery was charged at 150 mA for 2 hours. After charging,
300mA (30mA/cm 2 ), 600mA (60mA/cm 2 ),
Each was discharged at 1200 mA (120 mA/cm 2 ), and the relationship between the discharge voltage and the discharge efficiency (%) at that time was investigated. The results are shown in Figure 3. In the curves in the figure, A shows the case of 300 mA, B shows the case of 600 mA, and C shows the case of 1200 mA. As is clear from the figure, the discharge voltage did not decrease much and the discharge efficiency was over 90%, giving very good results.
また、150ｍＡ、２時間の充電−300ｍＡの放電
という充放電サイクルを施こし、その最初の１サ
イクルにおける放電特性及びそのときの電池内圧
変化を測定した。その結果を第４図に示した。比
較のため、水素電極として集電体の両面にLaNi5
層を直接形成しかつその表面ち白金触媒を担持さ
せた従来のものを用いたことを除いては、実施例
と同様の電池を構成しその放電特性、容器内圧の
変化を測定し、その結果を第４図に併記した。図
中、ａは本発明にかかる電池の放電特性、a′は従
来電池の放電特性、ｂは本発明にかかる電池の内
圧変化を表わし、b′は従来電池の内圧変化を表わ
す。図から明らかなように、本発明にかかる電池
にあつては容器内圧は2.5Kg／cm2と一定値を保ち、
しかも優れた放電特性を示している。これに反
し、従来電池にあつては、放電電圧の低下は著し
くしかも充電時における容器内圧の上昇が大き
い。 Further, a charge/discharge cycle of charging at 150 mA for 2 hours and discharging at 300 mA was performed, and the discharge characteristics during the first cycle and the change in battery internal pressure at that time were measured. The results are shown in Figure 4. For comparison, LaNi 5 was used as a hydrogen electrode on both sides of the current collector.
A battery was constructed in the same manner as in the example, except that a conventional one in which a layer was directly formed and a platinum catalyst was supported on the surface was used, and the discharge characteristics and changes in the internal pressure of the container were measured. is also shown in Figure 4. In the figure, a represents the discharge characteristic of the battery according to the present invention, a' represents the discharge characteristic of the conventional battery, b represents the internal pressure change of the battery according to the present invention, and b' represents the internal pressure change of the conventional battery. As is clear from the figure, in the battery according to the present invention, the internal pressure of the container is maintained at a constant value of 2.5 kg/cm 2 ,
Moreover, it shows excellent discharge characteristics. On the other hand, in conventional batteries, the discharge voltage decreases significantly and the container internal pressure increases significantly during charging.
以上の説明で明らかなように、本発明の水素電
極は、充電時発生する水素を適正に吸蔵し電池容
器の内圧を低く維持する能力をもち、また電池の
放電電圧を高位に保持する、すなわち、過電圧が
低く水素電極反応を円滑に行なうことができるの
で金属酸化物・水素電池の電池として極めて有用
である。
As is clear from the above description, the hydrogen electrode of the present invention has the ability to appropriately absorb hydrogen generated during charging and maintain the internal pressure of the battery container at a low level, and also maintains the discharge voltage of the battery at a high level. Since the overvoltage is low and the hydrogen electrode reaction can be carried out smoothly, it is extremely useful as a metal oxide/hydrogen battery.
第１図は本発明の水素電極の１例、第２図は本
発明水素電極を組込んで構成した電池、第３図は
各種の充電電流による本発明にかかる電池の放電
電圧と放電効率との関係図、第４図は150ｍＡ、
２時間の充電時における電池容器内圧の変化及び
300ｍＡでの放電特性を表わす。
１……集電体、２……触媒層シート、３……水
素吸蔵金属含有シート、４……正極、５……セパ
レータ、６，７……端子、８……電池容器、９…
…パイプ、１０……圧力測定器、１１……ホルダ
ー。
Figure 1 shows an example of the hydrogen electrode of the present invention, Figure 2 shows a battery constructed by incorporating the hydrogen electrode of the present invention, and Figure 3 shows the discharge voltage and discharge efficiency of the battery according to the present invention at various charging currents. The relationship diagram in Figure 4 is 150mA,
Changes in battery container internal pressure during 2 hours of charging and
Indicates discharge characteristics at 300mA. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Current collector, 2... Catalyst layer sheet, 3... Hydrogen storage metal containing sheet, 4... Positive electrode, 5... Separator, 6, 7... Terminal, 8... Battery container, 9...
...Pipe, 10...Pressure measuring device, 11...Holder.
Claims (1)
性でかつ撥水性の結着剤で混練して圧延成形した
シートと、 水素吸蔵金属粉末を耐アルカリ性でかつ撥水性
の結着剤で混練して圧延成形したシートを、それ
ぞれ、 集電体の両側から圧接して一体化した構造であ
ることを特徴とする水素電極。[Scope of Claims] 1. A sheet obtained by kneading and rolling-forming nickel powder carrying a catalyst with an alkali-resistant and water-repellent binder, and a hydrogen-absorbing metal powder and an alkali-resistant and water-repellent binder. A hydrogen electrode characterized in that it has a structure in which sheets kneaded and rolled are pressed together from both sides of a current collector.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57168641A JPS5960862A (en) | 1982-09-29 | 1982-09-29 | Hydrogen electrode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57168641A JPS5960862A (en) | 1982-09-29 | 1982-09-29 | Hydrogen electrode |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5960862A JPS5960862A (en) | 1984-04-06 |
| JPH0351056B2 true JPH0351056B2 (en) | 1991-08-05 |
Family
ID=15871799
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57168641A Granted JPS5960862A (en) | 1982-09-29 | 1982-09-29 | Hydrogen electrode |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5960862A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61118963A (en) * | 1984-11-13 | 1986-06-06 | Sharp Corp | Hydrogen-occlusion electrode |
-
1982
- 1982-09-29 JP JP57168641A patent/JPS5960862A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5960862A (en) | 1984-04-06 |
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