JPH0351122B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0351122B2 JPH0351122B2 JP6964581A JP6964581A JPH0351122B2 JP H0351122 B2 JPH0351122 B2 JP H0351122B2 JP 6964581 A JP6964581 A JP 6964581A JP 6964581 A JP6964581 A JP 6964581A JP H0351122 B2 JPH0351122 B2 JP H0351122B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- parallel plate
- input
- origin
- elements
- antenna
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
- H01Q25/007—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns using two or more primary active elements in the focal region of a focusing device
- H01Q25/008—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns using two or more primary active elements in the focal region of a focusing device lens fed multibeam arrays
Landscapes
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は広い周波数範囲で広角のビーム走査
が可能なレーダ用のアンテナ装置に関するもので
ある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a radar antenna device capable of wide-angle beam scanning over a wide frequency range.
まず、この種アンテナ装置を簡単に説明する。
第１図はこの種アンテナ装置を示す概略構成図で
ある。図において１は平行平板、２ａ，２ｂ，…
…，２ｍは平行平板１に電力を供給する入力素
子、３ａ，３ｂ，……，３ｎは平行平板１内の電
力を取り出す出力素子、４ａ，４ｂ，……，４ｎ
は空間に電波を放射する素子アンテナ、５は複数
個の素子アンテナ４ａ，４ｂ，……，４ｎが直線
状に配列されたアレイアンテナ、６ａ，６ｂ，…
…，６ｎは上記出力素子と上記素子アンテナを結
ぶ伝送線路、７は長さが異なつた伝送線路６ａ，
６ｂ，……，６ｎからなる線路部である。８は中
心線であり、このアンテナ装置は中心線８に関し
て上下対称である。９は入力素子２ａの位置を表
わすための補助直線であり、入力素子２ａは中心
線８から角度αの方向にある。１０は入力素子２
ａを励振したときに空間でのビーム方向を示す直
線であり、上記アレイアンテナの正面方向から角
度βの方向に向いている。 First, this type of antenna device will be briefly explained.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing this type of antenna device. In the figure, 1 is a parallel plate, 2a, 2b,...
..., 2m are input elements that supply power to the parallel plate 1, 3a, 3b, ..., 3n are output elements that extract power from the parallel plate 1, 4a, 4b, ..., 4n
5 is an element antenna that radiates radio waves into space, 5 is an array antenna in which a plurality of element antennas 4a, 4b, . . . , 4n are linearly arranged, 6a, 6b, .
..., 6n are transmission lines connecting the output element and the element antenna, 7 are transmission lines 6a of different lengths,
6b, . . . , 6n. 8 is a center line, and this antenna device is vertically symmetrical with respect to the center line 8. 9 is an auxiliary straight line for representing the position of the input element 2a, and the input element 2a is located at an angle α from the center line 8. 10 is input element 2
This is a straight line that indicates the beam direction in space when a is excited, and is oriented at an angle β from the front direction of the array antenna.
このアンテナ装置は以上のように構成されてい
るために、入力素子２ａ，２ｂ，……，２ｍのう
ちの一つの入力素子を励振したとき、電力は平行
平板１内に供給される。平行平板１内の電力は出
力素子３ａ，３ｂ，……，３ｎで取り出され、伝
送線路６ａ，６ｂ，……，６ｎを通つて素子アン
テナ４ａ，４ｂ，……，４ｎに至る。アレイアン
テナ５の励振振幅、励振位相は入力素子２ａ，２
ｂ，……，２ｍのどの入力素子を励振するかによ
つて決まり、アレイアンテナ５の励振位相に応じ
て空間でのビームの方向が決まる。入力素子２
ａ，２ｄ，２ｍの位置は焦点であり、この三つの
焦点の位置を与えたとき出力素子３ａ，３ｂ，…
…，３ｎが配列される曲線及び伝送線路６ａ，６
ｂ，……，６ｎの長さが決まり、三つの焦点の位
置にある入力素子２ａ，２ｄ，２ｍを励振したと
きアレイアンテナ５での励振位相誤差はなくな
る。 Since this antenna device is configured as described above, power is supplied to the parallel plate 1 when one of the input elements 2a, 2b, . . . , 2m is excited. The electric power in the parallel plate 1 is taken out by the output elements 3a, 3b, . . . , 3n, and reaches the element antennas 4a, 4b, . The excitation amplitude and excitation phase of the array antenna 5 are determined by the input elements 2a and 2.
b, . . . , 2 m is determined depending on which input element is excited, and the direction of the beam in space is determined according to the excitation phase of the array antenna 5. Input element 2
The positions a, 2d, and 2m are focal points, and when the positions of these three focal points are given, the output elements 3a, 3b, . . .
..., 3n are arranged and the transmission lines 6a, 6
When the lengths of b, . . . , 6n are determined and the input elements 2a, 2d, 2m located at the three focal points are excited, the excitation phase error in the array antenna 5 disappears.
従来のアンテナ装置では平行平板１の大きさは
設計可能な最小の大きさにはなつてなく、したが
つて、平行平板の大きさに制限がある場合に設計
できない場合もあつた。この発明はこの欠点を除
くために平行平板の大きさを設計可能な最小の大
きさにするものであり、以下、本発明を説明す
る。 In conventional antenna devices, the size of the parallel plate 1 has not reached the minimum size that can be designed, and therefore, in some cases, it has been impossible to design when there is a limit to the size of the parallel plate. In order to eliminate this drawback, the present invention reduces the size of the parallel plate to the minimum designable size, and the present invention will be explained below.
出力素子３ｄの位置は座標系（Ｘ、Ｙ）の原点
であり、出力素子３ｄと入力素子２ａ，２ｄの距
離をそれぞれＦ、Ｇ、平行平板１を構成する誘電
体の比誘電率をε〓、平行平板１内での波数をＫ、
アレイアンテナ５の開口長を2Nmax、出力素子
３ｄに結ばれた伝送線路の電気長をW0、その他
の伝送線路の電気長をＷとしたとき、電気長Ｗは
次式で表わされる。 The position of the output element 3d is the origin of the coordinate system (X, Y), the distances between the output element 3d and the input elements 2a and 2d are F and G, respectively, and the relative permittivity of the dielectric material constituting the parallel plate 1 is ε , the wave number in the parallel plate 1 is K,
When the aperture length of the array antenna 5 is 2Nmax, the electrical length of the transmission line connected to the output element 3d is W 0 , and the electrical length of the other transmission lines is W, the electrical length W is expressed by the following equation.
Ｗ＝W0＋Nmaxk−ｂ±√b2−4ac／2a …(1)
ここに、
＝Ｆ／Nmax
ａ＝１−2−（ｇ−１／ｇ−a0）2
ｂ＝２a0−１／ｇ−a0−ｇ−１／（ｇ−a0）2b0 2
2＋２2
ｃ＝gb0 2η2／ｇ−a0−b0 4η4／４（ｇ−a0）2−2(
2)
＝１／√ε〓 b1／b0 ｎ／、＝Ｇ／Ｆ
a0＝cosα、b0＝sinα、b1＝sinβ
ｎ＝Ｎ／Nmax（Ｎ；アレイアンテナ上の位置．｜
ｎ｜１）
線路部７が構成できるためには第１式における平
方根の中が正あるいは零である必要があり、次式
が得られる。 W=W 0 +Nmaxk−b±√b 2 −4ac/2a …(1) Here, =F/Nmax a=1− 2 −(g−1/g−a 0 ) 2 b=2a 0 −1/ g-a 0 -g-1/(g-a 0 ) 2 b 0 2
2 + 2 2 c=gb 0 2 η 2 /g−a 0 −b 0 4 η 4 /4(g−a 0 ) 2 − 2 (
2) =1/√ε〓 b 1 /b 0 n/, = G/F a 0 = cos α, b 0 = sin α, b 1 = sin β n = N/Nmax (N; position on the array antenna. | n |1) In order for the line portion 7 to be constructed, the square roots in the first equation must be positive or zero, and the following equation is obtained.
b2−4ac＝b0 4g6／（ｇ−a0）2（１／g2−η＝2）（η2 1
−η＝2）（η2 2
−η＝2）０ (3)
ここに、
η＝１／√ε〓 b1／b0 Ｎ／Ｇ (4)
第３式が｜Ｎ｜Nmaxで成り立つためには
０η＝（１／ｇ、η1、η2）のうちの最小値(6
)
が成り立つ必要がある。したがつて、b2−4ac＝
０の３根１／ｇ、η1、η2の大小関係によりη＝の最大
値が決まる。第２図はα、を変えたときの３根
１／ｇ、η1、η2の変化を示し、伝送線路が構成でき
るための条件を示す図である。第２図の実線のグ
ラフの値以下のη＝が第３式の条件を満足する。第
４式においてＮ＝Nmaxとおいたときのηをη＝と
おくと、
η＝１／√ε〓 b1／b0 Nmax／Ｇ (7)
が得られ、あるの値に対して第２図の実線のグ
ラフ上のη＝の値を選ぶとき、ηが最大、すなわ
ち、ε〓、α、β、Nmaxを与えた場合にＧが最小
になる。第７式を用いるとき第６式より、
η＝（１／ｇ、η1、η2）のうちの最小値 (8)
が得られ、第８式を満足するように平行平板の形
状を決めるとき、あるの値に対するＧが最小に
なる。b 2 −4ac=b 0 4 g 6 / (g−a 0 ) 2 (1/g 2 −η= 2 ) (η 2 1
−η= 2 ) (η 2 2 −η= 2 ) 0 (3) Here, η=1/√ε〓 b 1 /b 0 N/G (4) In order for the third equation to hold |N| Nmax , the minimum value (6
) must hold true. Therefore, b 2 −4ac=
The maximum value of η= is determined by the magnitude relationship of the three roots of 0, 1/g, η 1 , and η 2 . FIG. 2 shows changes in the three roots 1/g, η 1 and η 2 when α is changed, and is a diagram showing the conditions for constructing a transmission line. η = less than or equal to the value of the solid line graph in FIG. 2 satisfies the condition of the third equation. In the fourth equation, when N=Nmax is set, η is set as η=, then η=1/√ε〓 b 1 /b 0 Nmax/G (7) is obtained, and for a certain value, Figure 2 When choosing the value of η= on the solid line graph, G becomes the minimum when η is maximum, that is, when ε〓, α, β, and Nmax are given. When using Equation 7, from Equation 6, the minimum value (8) of η = (1/g, η 1 , η 2 ) is obtained, and the shape of the parallel plate is determined so as to satisfy Equation 8. When, G for a certain value is minimum.
第２図より、すべてのを考慮したときηが最
大になるのはη＝＝η＝1とη＝１／ｇのグラフの交点
Ｐ
であり、そのときのは、
＝１／4a0［（１＋a0）2−b0（１−a0）］ (9)
で与えられ、第７式のηを用いると、そのときの
ηは、
η＝１／ｇ (10)
で与えられる。すなわち、第９式、第１０式を満
足するように平行平板１の形状を決めるとき、Ｇ
が最小になる。 From Figure 2, when considering everything, η becomes maximum at the intersection point P of the graphs of η = = η = 1 and η = 1/g, and at that time, = 1/4a 0 [( 1+a 0 ) 2 −b 0 (1−a 0 )] (9) Using η in the seventh equation, η at that time is given as η=1/g (10). That is, when determining the shape of the parallel plate 1 so as to satisfy the 9th and 10th equations, G
becomes the minimum.
第２図に示す点Ｑはη＝１／ｇとη＝＝η＝2のグラ
フ
の交点であり、点Ｑの、ηの値を用いるとき、
第１図の入力素子２ａと出力素子３ａの位置が一
致することは容易に示すことができる。入力素子
２ａと出力素子３ａの位置が一致しない場合、そ
の部分には出力素子が配列されないことになり、
その部分での電波の反射があり、また、その部分
の反射をなくするようにダミーを付けたときには
電力の損失になる。第２図の点Ｑでのは、
＝１／4a0［（１＋a0）2＋b0（１−a0）］ (11)
で与えられ、そのときのηは
η＝１／ｇ (12)
で与えられる。すなわち、第(11)式、第(12)式を満足
するように平行平板１の形状を決めるとき、第１
図の入力素子２ａと出力素子３ａの位置が一致す
ることになり、一致しないことによる電波の反射
あるい電力の損失がなくなる。 Point Q shown in Figure 2 is the intersection of the graphs of η = 1/g and η = = η = 2 , and when using the value of η at point Q,
It can be easily shown that the positions of the input element 2a and the output element 3a in FIG. 1 match. If the positions of the input element 2a and the output element 3a do not match, no output element will be arranged in that part.
Radio waves are reflected at that part, and if a dummy is attached to eliminate the reflection at that part, there will be a loss of power. At point Q in Figure 2, it is given by = 1/4a 0 [(1+a 0 ) 2 +b 0 (1-a 0 )] (11), and η at that time is η=1/g (12) is given by In other words, when determining the shape of the parallel plate 1 so as to satisfy equations (11) and (12), the first
The positions of the input element 2a and the output element 3a in the figure match, and there is no reflection of radio waves or loss of power due to mismatch.
以上のように、この発明によれば線路部を構成
する伝送線路が構成きるための条件を用いて平行
平板の寸法であるＧの最小値を求め、そのＧの値
を用いて平行平板の形状を決めることにより、平
行平板の大きさに制限がある場合に有効になり、
また、入力素子、出力素子が配列される曲線の端
が一致するようにパラメータを選び、平行平板の
形状を決めることにより、その曲線の端が一致し
ないことによる電波の反射あるいは電力の損失が
なくなり、このアンテナ装置をレーダ用アンテナ
などに用いることによりその効果は著しく大き
い。 As described above, according to the present invention, the minimum value of G, which is the dimension of the parallel plate, is determined using the conditions for configuring the transmission line constituting the line portion, and the shape of the parallel plate is determined using the value of G. By determining , it becomes effective when there is a limit to the size of the parallel plate,
In addition, by selecting the parameters and determining the shape of the parallel plate so that the edges of the curves where the input and output elements are arranged coincide, there will be no reflection of radio waves or loss of power due to misalignment of the edges of the curves. By using this antenna device as a radar antenna, etc., the effect is significantly increased.
第１図はこの発明に関するアンテナ装置の概略
構成図、第２図は伝送線路が構成できるための条
件を示す図である。図中、１は平行平板、２ａ，
２ｂ……，２ｍは入力素子、３ａ，３ｂ，……，
３ｎは出力素子、４ａ，４ｂ，……，４ｎは素子
アンテナ、５はアレイアンテナ、６ａ，６ｂ，…
…，６ｎは伝送線路、７は線路部、８は中心線、
９は補助直線、１０はビーム方向を示す直線であ
る。
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an antenna device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing conditions for configuring a transmission line. In the figure, 1 is a parallel plate, 2a,
2b..., 2m are input elements, 3a, 3b,...,
3n is an output element, 4a, 4b,..., 4n is an element antenna, 5 is an array antenna, 6a, 6b,...
..., 6n is a transmission line, 7 is a line section, 8 is a center line,
9 is an auxiliary straight line, and 10 is a straight line indicating the beam direction.
Claims (1)
力素子及び上記入力素子の電力を取り出す複数個
の出力素子を備えた平行平板と、複数個の素子ア
ンテナで構成され、空間に電波を放射するアレイ
アンテナと、上記出力素子と上記素子アンテナと
を結ぶ伝送線路とからなり、上記入力素子が配列
される曲線上の三つの焦点をもとに、上記出力素
子が配列される曲線及び伝送線路の長さを決定
し、所定の入力素子を励振したときその入力素子
に対応した角度方向にビームが放射されるように
したアンテナ装置において、上記平行平板の対称
軸である中心線と上記出力素子が配列される曲線
との交点を座標系の原点とし、上記三つの焦点の
うち上記中心線に関して対称な位置にある二つの
焦点のいずれか一つの焦点と上記中心線との角度
をα、その焦点の位置の入力素子を励振したとき
の空間でのビームの方向と上記アレイアンテナの
正面方向とのなす角度をβ、また、その焦点と上
記座標系の原点との距離をＦ、上記中心線上の焦
点と上記座標系の原点との距離をＧ、上記平行平
板を構成する誘電体の比誘電率をε〓、上記アレイ
アンテナの開口長を2Nmaxとし、 η＝１／√ε〓 b1／b0 Nmax／Ｇ ただし、 b1＝sinβ、a0＝cosα、b0＝sinα、＝Ｇ／Ｆ とおいたとき、 η＝（１／ｇ、η1、η2）のうちの最小値 の関係式を満足するように平行平板の形状を決め
て構成することを特徴とするアンテナ装置。[Claims] 1. Consisting of a parallel plate having a plurality of input elements that can be individually excited and supply power and a plurality of output elements that extract power from the input elements, and a plurality of element antennas, It consists of an array antenna that radiates radio waves into space, and a transmission line that connects the output element and the element antenna, and the output elements are arranged based on three focal points on the curve where the input elements are arranged. In an antenna device in which the curve and the length of the transmission line are determined, and when a predetermined input element is excited, a beam is radiated in the angular direction corresponding to that input element, the center, which is the axis of symmetry of the parallel plate, is used. The intersection of the line and the curve on which the output elements are arranged is set as the origin of the coordinate system, and the intersection of any one of the two focal points located symmetrically with respect to the center line among the three focuses and the center line is defined as the origin of the coordinate system. The angle is α, the angle between the direction of the beam in space when the input element at the focal point is excited and the front direction of the above array antenna is β, and the distance between the focal point and the origin of the above coordinate system is F, the distance between the focal point on the center line and the origin of the coordinate system is G, the relative permittivity of the dielectric material constituting the parallel plate is ε〓, the aperture length of the array antenna is 2Nmax, and η=1/√ ε〓 b 1 /b 0 Nmax/G However, when b 1 = sin β, a 0 = cos α, b 0 = sin α, = G/F, the relational expression of the minimum value of η = (1/g, η 1 , η 2 ) is satisfied. An antenna device characterized in that it is configured by determining the shape of a parallel plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6964581A JPS57184305A (en) | 1981-05-09 | 1981-05-09 | Antenna device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6964581A JPS57184305A (en) | 1981-05-09 | 1981-05-09 | Antenna device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57184305A JPS57184305A (en) | 1982-11-13 |
| JPH0351122B2 true JPH0351122B2 (en) | 1991-08-05 |
Family
ID=13408784
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6964581A Granted JPS57184305A (en) | 1981-05-09 | 1981-05-09 | Antenna device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57184305A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8711271D0 (en) * | 1987-05-13 | 1987-06-17 | British Broadcasting Corp | Microwave lens & array antenna |
| KR101266698B1 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2013-05-28 | 히타치가세이가부시끼가이샤 | Multibeam antenna device |
-
1981
- 1981-05-09 JP JP6964581A patent/JPS57184305A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57184305A (en) | 1982-11-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3761936A (en) | Multi-beam array antenna | |
| CN104852139B (en) | The antenna array system of dual polarized signals is generated using Meandering waveguide | |
| US3858221A (en) | Limited scan antenna array | |
| US3434139A (en) | Frequency-controlled scanning monopulse antenna | |
| JPS61256802A (en) | Dual circularly polarized wave-shaped antenna | |
| WO2007122782A1 (en) | Slot antenna | |
| JPS58194408A (en) | Lens antenna | |
| GB2202092A (en) | Antenna device | |
| CN1879258B (en) | Scanable sparse antenna array | |
| US6067058A (en) | End-fed spiral antenna, and arrays thereof | |
| JPH0351122B2 (en) | ||
| US2759183A (en) | Antenna arrays | |
| JPH0444843B2 (en) | ||
| US3740751A (en) | Wideband dual-slot waveguide array | |
| US4443804A (en) | Modified difference mode coaxial antenna with flared aperture | |
| JPS617706A (en) | Circularly polarized wave antenna | |
| CN110165407A (en) | A kind of multimode snail OAM antenna of TM ring resonator and the paraboloid of revolution | |
| US4032917A (en) | Synthesis technique for constructing cylindrical and spherical shaped wave guide arrays to form pencil beams | |
| US4591864A (en) | Frequency independent twisted wave front constant beamwidth lens antenna | |
| JP2000082920A (en) | Microstrip array antenna | |
| JPH0369208B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0563436A (en) | Waveguide with slot | |
| CN112635978A (en) | Horizontal polarization antenna and radar | |
| JP6840564B2 (en) | Planar antenna device | |
| JPS6184102A (en) | Corrugated horn |