JPH0351522B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (1) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a highly productive machine tool having opposed spindles.

(2) Conventional technology Machine tools with opposed spindles have been known and used as high-production machine tools. This machine tool with an opposed spindle mechanically performs machining using a rotating and indexing type tool rest, and after cutting off the workpiece and further machining the back side of the workpiece gripped by the mating spindle chuck, The main shaft is moved back to a predetermined position, the chuck is opened, and the finished product is ejected from the machine.

(3) Problems to be solved by the invention Conventional machine tools with opposed spindles are required to have high productivity, so they become high tact machines. If the indexing frequency increases, there is a problem in that the indexing coupling becomes more abrasive, leading to a deterioration in accuracy. Furthermore, when setting up tools on the tool post on a machine tool, work efficiency is poor within a narrow machining area, leading to a decrease in work efficiency and ultimately becoming an impediment to improving productivity. .

(4) Purpose The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem in view of the above-mentioned circumstances.
The tool can be selected by controlling the planar positioning in the X and Z directions, which eliminates the problem of wear.Furthermore, by providing a removable tool rest, tool setup work outside the machine is facilitated, and work efficiency is improved. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-precision, high-productivity machine tool that can minimize machine stoppage time and respond to changes in the workpiece.

(5) Means and effects for solving the problem The present invention is an improvement of a machine tool having an opposed spindle, and its constituent means include a spindle supported on a headstock movable in the Z-axis direction and a fixed spindle. an opposed type spindle in which an auxiliary spindle supported by an auxiliary spindle mounted on the headstock faces the auxiliary spindle; a gate-shaped base placed astride the headstock and movable in the A-axis direction; , a cross slide provided on the front surface of the gate-shaped base and movable in the X-axis direction, a tool rest removably attached to the front surface of the cross slide, and a plurality of tools on the front and back sides of the tip of the tool rest. It consists of a tool holder attached to a skewer type.

According to the present invention, machining can be easily performed with a simple operation using only NC control by linearly moving the X and Z axes of the tool post. Furthermore, since the tool rest can be easily attached and removed from the cross slide, it is possible to set up the tool rest outside the machine.

(6) Example One embodiment of the device of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

(a) The overall outline of the machine tool according to the present invention will be explained.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the entire machine tool of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, an auxiliary headstock 2 is fixed on the right side of the bed 1, and on the left side of the bed 1, facing the auxiliary headstock, there is a main shaft that can be moved in the Z-axis direction by a servo motor 3. A table 4 is placed. A gate-shaped base 5 straddles the headstock 4.
is placed thereon, and is configured to slide along the guide plates 7a, 7b in the Z-axis direction by the servo motor 6. A main spindle 8 is supported on the headstock 4, and an auxiliary main spindle 9 is supported on the auxiliary headstock 2, respectively. The pulley 11 rotates from the main shaft motor 10,
Rotation is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 14 via the timing belt 13 and pulley 12, and from the intermediate shaft 14 to the auxiliary main shaft 9 via the pulley 15, timing belt 17, and pulley 16. On the other hand, rotation is transmitted to the main shaft 8 via a pulley 18 , a timing belt 20 , and a pulley 19 that are pivotally attached to the intermediate shaft 14 . Therefore, the main shaft 8 and the auxiliary main shaft 9 are rotated synchronously by the motor 10. A cross slide 21 is provided on the front surface of the gate-shaped base 5 so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction, and a tool rest 22 is further attached to the front surface of the cross slide 21. Therefore, the tool rest 22 is configured to be slidable in the Z-axis direction by the servo motor 6 and in the X-axis direction by the servo motor 23. In addition, the headstock 4 and the auxiliary headstock 2
It is placed opposite to. A barfeed device 24 is supported on a stand 25 behind the auxiliary main shaft 2 (on the right side in FIG. 1) and can be slid in the Z-axis direction by a drive source (not shown). The axial center part of the auxiliary spindle 9 has a through hole penetrated in the axial direction, and the workpiece W to be processed is fed into the through hole from the rear of the auxiliary spindle 9 by the bar feed 24. It is held at the tip of the main shaft 9 and is subjected to a predetermined turning process using a tool attached to the tool post 22. When the predetermined turning process is completed, the headstock 4 moves forward,
Grip the tip of the work W with the support shaft 8, and move the tool rest 2.
The workpiece W is cut with a tool attached to 2, that is, a cut-off bit. After performing a predetermined turning process on the cut end of the workpiece W using a tool, the workpiece W
is thrown into a discharge chute 26 provided in the bed 1 and stored in a work stocker 27. Further, the work stocker 27 is carried out to a predetermined storage location outside the machine.

(b) The driving states of the main spindle 8 and the auxiliary main spindle 9 and the gripping state of the workpiece W will be explained.

FIG. 3 is a partial front sectional view showing the area around the auxiliary headstock 2. FIG. In FIG. 3, the rotation of the auxiliary main shaft 9 is transmitted from the main shaft motor 10 of FIG. 1 to the pulley 12 via the pulley 11 and timing belt 13, as already explained based on FIGS. The signal is then transmitted to the intermediate shaft 14, which is made of a ball spline and is inserted into the pulley 12. The rotation is decelerated from the intermediate shaft 14 and transmitted to the pulley 15, and then transmitted to the pulley 16 via a pulley 16 that is attached to the rear of the auxiliary main shaft 9 and a timing belt 17 that is attached to the pulley 15. The rotation is thereby transmitted to the auxiliary main shaft 9. Further, in FIG. 3, an intermediate member 28 is inserted into the auxiliary headstock 2, and the flange portions of the auxiliary headstock 2 and the intermediate member 28 are integrated and fixed with bolts 29.
Bearings 30a, 30b are inserted between the auxiliary main shaft 9 and the intermediate member 28, and the bearings 30a, 30b, and 30 are inserted before and after the auxiliary main shaft 9
c, 30d (not shown) are rotatably supported. Furthermore, the bearings 30a, 30b, 3
A jacket 28a (FIG. 3) is provided on the outer periphery of the support portions 0c and 30d to cool the heat generating portion.

Further, the structure of the auxiliary headstock 2 is thermally symmetrical with respect to the axial direction of the auxiliary spindle 9, thereby preventing the influence of thermal expansion.

A drawback-type collector chuck 31 is inserted into the auxiliary main shaft 9, and a guide tube 32 having a through hole along the axial direction is inserted into the axial center of the auxiliary main shaft 9. The workpiece W is inserted into the guide tube 32 from the direction of the arrow, which is the rear of the main spindle 9, and is sent to the tip of the auxiliary main spindle 9 by the bar feed device 24 (FIGS. 1 and 2). An opening/closing member 33 for opening and closing the drawback type collection chuck 31 is inserted between the auxiliary main shaft 9 and the guide tube 32.
The rear end 31a (hereinafter referred to as the collection chuck 31) and the tip 33a of the opening/closing member 33 are screwed together. The workpiece W is inserted into the guide tube 32, and the workpiece W is opened and closed at the tip of the collection chuck 31. That is,
The rod 34 is connected by a pressure oil device (not shown) in the connecting member 34 arranged at the rear of the auxiliary headstock 2.
By pressing a forward, the opening/closing member 3
3 is pressed to open the collect chuck 31. When the pressure oil is removed, the opening/closing member 33 is pulled rearward by the biasing force that causes the disc spring 35 to return to the rear, and the collection chuck 31 is closed. Next, in FIG. 4, as already explained based on FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotation to the main shaft 8 is transmitted from the main shaft motor 10 of FIG. The intermediate shaft 1 consists of a ball spline and is further inserted into a pulley 12.
4. The rotation is transmitted from the intermediate shaft 14 to the gear, and is transmitted to the main shaft 8 via the pulley 18, timing belt 20, and pulley 19. The headstock 4 is designed to be able to move in the Z direction, but this is achieved by sliding on an intermediate shaft 14 made of a ball spline.

In FIG. 4, there is an intermediate member 3 in the headstock 4.
6 is inserted and screwed to the headstock 4 with bolts or the like to be integrated and fixed. Main shaft 8 and intermediate member 3
Bearings 37a, 37b are inserted between the bearings 6, and the main shaft 8 is inserted between the bearings 37a, 37b,
and 37c, 37d (not shown) are rotatably supported. Furthermore, the bearings 37a, 3
A jacket 36a (FIG. 4) is provided on the outer periphery of the support portions 7ab, 3c, and 37d to cool the heat generating portion. Further, the structure of the headstock 4 is thermally symmetrical with respect to the axial direction of the spindle 8, thereby preventing the influence of thermal expansion.

A stationary type collect chuck 38 (hereinafter referred to as the collect chuck 38) is inserted into the main shaft 8, and a through hole 39 is bored in the axial center of the main shaft 8 along the axial direction. In the through hole 39, a workpiece pusher 4 is installed.
0 is inserted. An opening and closing member 41 for opening and closing the collection chuck 38 is inserted between the collection chuck 38 and the main shaft 8, and the collection chuck 38 slides to open and close as the opening and closing member 41 moves forward and backward. The rear end 41a of the opening/closing member 41 is screwed into the hollow member 42 and locked with a screw 42. The work pusher 40 inserted into the through hole 39 is always urged forward by a spring (not shown), and when the collection chuck 38 grips the work W, the work pusher 40 is gripped with the back side of the work being pressed. . When the collect chuck 38 is opened, the workpiece W flies out in front of the collect chuck 38 due to the pressing force of the spring and is removed from the collect chuck 38. A cover 43 is screwed onto the tip of the main shaft 8 with a screw 44.

The tip 41b of the opening/closing member 41 and the tip 38a of the collection chuck 38 are in contact with each other at a tapered portion. Therefore, collect check 38
When gripping the workpiece W from above, when the pressure oil is released by the pressure oil device (not shown), the opening/closing member 41 screwed onto the hollow member 42 is pushed forward by the force of the disc spring (not shown), and the collection chuck 38 is pushed forward. It is closed and grips the workpiece W. In addition, when removing the workpiece W from the collection chuck 38, the hollow member 42, that is, the opening/closing member 41 is
By pulling back backward, the gripping force of the collection chuck 38 is released and the workpiece W is removed.

(c) The specific configuration of the turret, which is the main part of the machine tool of the present invention, will be explained.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of the tool post, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. In FIGS. 5 and 6, the portal base 5 is connected to the headstock 4.
The gate-shaped base 5 is placed on the bed 1 astride the bed 1, and the gate-shaped base 5 is moved from Z to Z by the rotation of a ball screw 47 connected to a servo motor 6 shown in FIG.
It is designed to be movable in the axial direction along guide rails 7a and 7b. A cross slide 21 is placed on the front surface of the gate-shaped base 5, and is moved along guide rails 49a and 49b in the X-axis direction by the rotation of a ball screw 48 connected to a servo motor 23 shown in FIG. It is becoming possible to do so. A tool rest 22 is removably attached to the front surface of the cross slide 21 via a coupling ring 50. One end 50a of the coupling ring is screwed onto the cross slide 21, and the other end 50b of the coupling ring 50 is screwed onto the tool post 22 with bolts or the like. A tool holder 51 is screwed onto the tip of the tool rest 22 with bolts 52, 52, and a plurality of tools are arranged in the tool holder 51 according to the machining process as shown in FIG. For example, in FIG. 5, the tool 53a is a stopper for positioning the length of the work W, the tool 53b is a drill, 53c is an outer diameter machining tool, 53d is an inner diameter machining tool, 53e is a groove machining tool, and 53
f is attached as a cut-off tool.
Further, on the back surface of the tool holder 51, that is, on the spindle 8 side, for example, a tool 53g for inner diameter machining and a tool 53h for outer diameter machining are attached to the workpiece W.
Processing is also being applied to the opposite side.
To adjust the front and back of the tools 53a to 53h, loosen the bolts 52 inserted into the elongated holes 54 drilled in the tools 53a to 53h, and then tighten the tool holder 51.
Adjustment member 51 screwed onto a female screw cut backwards
Adjust the position with a and fix the tool holder 51. When attaching and detaching the tool rest 22, use the coupling ring 50.
Accurate positioning is achieved by the engagement between the teeth 50a and 50b. That is, the cross slide 21 has a hole 21a penetrating therethrough in the Z direction, and a piston 57 is slidably inserted into the cylinder 21a.

A hydraulic chamber is provided in the chamber on the ball screw 48 side of the piston 57, and a disc spring 58 is interposed in the chamber on the opposite side.

A pivot shaft 55a is rotatably inserted into the through hole 55c of the piston 57.
A pinion 55 is attached to one end of a.

A rack 56 meshes with the pinion 55, and the rack 56 moves back and forth under the action of pressure oil supplied to the cylinder 21b (FIG. 5), causing the pinion 55 to rotate.

Further, a rectangular clamper 61 is fixed to the other end of the pivot shaft 55a, and the clamper 61 has an elongated hole cut through it to allow the clamper 61 to pass through only at a specific position, which is provided at the bottom of the tool post 22. It is engaged with the engagement member 63. That is,
A bolt 62 is screwed into the axial center of the tool post 22 via an engaging member 63 and a clamper 61 so that the distal end engaging portion of the pinion 55 fits therein.
Note that the clamper 61 is fitted into the engaging member 61 and is rotatable. Engagement member 6
3 is screwed onto the tool rest 22 with a bolt 64. A pressure oil passage 65 is bored in the cross slide 21 and communicated with the piston 57 so that it can move forward. Therefore, when removing the tool rest 22 from the cross slide 21, the piston 57 is pushed forward and the disk spring 58 is loosened by supplying pressure oil from a hydraulic device (not shown) to the pressure passage 65 as shown by the arrow. Next, when the rack 56 moves in the axial direction due to the movement of the piston 57 (not shown), and the pinion 55 turns 90 degrees, the clamper 61 and the elongated hole 63a match, allowing them to pass through. Then, one of the mutual toothed portions 50b of the coupling ring 50 comes off from the end portion 50a, and the tool rest 22 becomes removable from the cross slide 21. On the other hand, when locking the tool rest 22 to the cross slide 21, the other end 5 of the coupling 50 attached to the tool rest 22
0b is engaged with one end 50a, and the rack 56 is moved in the axial direction by the movement of the piston 21c provided at one end of the rack shown in FIG. 5, and the piston 55 is turned 90 degrees as shown by the arrow shown in FIG. do,
engage. The engagement member 63 at the bottom of the tool rest 22 and the clamper 61 are connected to each other in the pressurized oil passage 65.
By removing the pressure oil from the piston 57, the piston 57 is pulled and locked by the force of the disc spring 58.

(d) A device for storing a workpiece W in a workpiece stocker provided at the bottom of the bed 1 after cutting will be explained.

FIG. 8 is a front view of the discharge chute section for storing the work W in the work stocker, FIG. 9 is a view taken along the arrow in FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a plan view of the discharge chute section. FIG. 11 is a view taken along the - line in FIG. 10. 8 to 10, a discharge chute 26 is provided at the lower part of the main shaft 9 and the auxiliary main shaft 9, and the discharge chute 26
A holder 66 is attached to the side surface of.
The holder 66 is attached to a bolt 67 on the side of the bed 1.
It is screwed on. A rack 68 is provided on the side surface of the holder 66, and a pinion 69 is meshed with and attached to the rack 68. By supplying pressure oil from the pressure oil supply pipes 70 and 71, the rack 68 is passed through the pressure oil passage 72.
By moving the pinion 69 in the X-axis direction as shown by the arrow, the pinion 69 rotates forward and backward. pinion 6
A disk-shaped hopper 73 is pivoted on the tip of 9.
Turn 90°.

As shown in FIG. 11, the workpiece W is inserted as shown by the arrow, passes through the groove 74 and falls into the outshoot 75, and then passes through the discharge chute 26 attached to the bed 1 and passes through the workpiece stocker 27.
will be stored in. From the state shown in FIG. 11, by supplying pressure oil from the pressure oil supply pipe 71 and moving the rack 68 to the right, the pinion rotates and the disc-shaped hopper 73 is rotated 90 degrees clockwise. The groove 74 is turned sideways. That is, during the cutting process, the groove 74 is kept in a sideways state in this manner to prevent chips and the like generated during the cutting process from entering. After the cutting process is completed, the state shown in FIG. 11 is achieved. Pressure oil supply pipe 7
This can be easily done by switching the pressure oil from 0.0 and 71.

The operation of the present invention will be explained based on FIG.

By driving the main shaft motor 1, the main shaft 8 and the auxiliary main shaft 9 are caused to rotate synchronously.

The workpiece W is inserted into the guide tube 32 from the rear of the auxiliary spindle 9 using the barfeed device 24 located behind the second auxiliary spindle, and is fed to the tip of the auxiliary spindle 9, as shown in 4 in FIG. 12. The tool holder 51 provided in front of the tool rest 22 is moved in the X-axis and Z-axis directions, and the positioning stopper 53a of the tools attached to the tool holder 51 is moved onto the workpiece axis line to move the workpiece W. Position the workpiece by applying it to the tip.

Next, among the tools attached to the tool holder 51, tools 53b to 53e are used to perform hole machining, outer diameter machining, inner diameter machining, or groove machining according to a predetermined machining program as shown in 1 in Fig. 12. Perform the cutting process as desired.

When the predetermined cutting process is completed, the main shaft 8 moves forward by the drive of the motor 3, chucks the workpiece W as shown in 2 in FIG.
The workpiece W is cut off by a cutoff bit of a tool 53 attached to the workpiece W.

After cutting the workpiece W, if necessary, the 12th
A predetermined cutting process is performed using a tool 53g or a tool 53h attached to the opposite surface of the tool holder 51 shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG.

The main shaft 8 is moved back and stopped at a predetermined position, and the collect chuck 38 is released.At the same time, the workpiece W is pushed out of the machine by the workpiece pusher 40 into the disk-shaped hopper 7 shown in FIG.
3 falls into the groove 74 and sequentially outshoots 7.
5. The workpiece is stored in the work stocker 27 through the discharge chute 26.

Furthermore, the collection chuck 31 of the auxiliary spindle 9
is released, the work W is advanced by the barfeed device 24, and the stopper 5 shown in 4 in FIG.
3 to position it, and close the collect chuck 31.

Thereafter, cutting is performed continuously by repeating the above-described operations.

(7) Effects of the Invention The present invention uses an NC device to control the tool rest for machining with a machine tool having opposed spindles, and performs machining with the tool rest in which tools are arranged in a row on the front and back, thereby controlling the progress of the process. Since the tool holder does not require mechanical rotation and indexing and can be machined by NC control of linear movement, problems with friction are solved and machining can be performed easily with simple movements.

In addition, since the tool post can be removed from the slide base, it is possible to perform off-machine setup of the tool post, instantly respond to changes in the workpiece, and minimize the effects of heat. It is extremely effective as a machine tool that can perform high-precision and high-productivity machining.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the entire machine tool of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1. Third
The figure is a partial front sectional view showing the area around the auxiliary headstock, and FIG. 4 is a partial front sectional view showing the area around the headstock. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of the tool post, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. FIG. 7 is a view taken along the - line in FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is a front view of the discharge chute portion for storing the work W in the work stocker, FIG. 9 is a view taken along the arrow in FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a plan view of the discharge chute portion. 1st
FIG. 1 is a view taken along the - arrow in FIG. 10. FIG. 12 is a model diagram explaining the present invention. 1... bed, 2... auxiliary headstock, 4... headstock, 5
...Portal base, 8...Main shaft, 9...Auxiliary main shaft, 14...
Intermediate shaft, 21...cross slide, 22...turret,
24...Barfeed device, 26...Discharge chute,
27... Work stock chuck, 31... Drawback type collector chuck, 33... Opening/closing member, 35... Belleville spring, 38... Stationary type collector chuck, 40... Work pusher, 41... Opening/closing member, 5
0...Coupling, 51...Tool holder, 53a~
53h...Tool, 61...Clamper, 63...Engagement member, 65...Pressure oil passage, 73...Disc-shaped hopper, 74
...Groove, 75...Outshoot.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An opposed type spindle in which a spindle supported on a headstock movable in the Z-axis direction and an auxiliary spindle supported on a fixedly mounted auxiliary headstock are installed facing each other, and A gate-shaped base is placed on the base and movable in the Z-axis direction, a slide base is provided on the front surface of the gate-shaped base and movable in the X-axis direction, and the slide base is removably attached to the front surface of the slide base. A machine tool comprising a tool rest and a tool holder in which a plurality of tools are mounted in series in the X-axis direction on the front and back surfaces of the tool rest.