JPH0351524B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (1) Object of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical numerically controlled lathe with a work index table. Conventional NC lathes use a computer-based numerical control system, but loading and unloading materials on the lathe must be done manually, which is inefficient. It is also possible to use robots to load and unload materials on the NC lathe, but this requires a large investment and has the disadvantage of increasing the cost of the product. The object of the present invention is to eliminate these incompetence rates and excessive investment, and to manufacture a lathe that can automatically and efficiently manufacture precision products.

(2) Structure of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, the lathe of the present invention has a structure in which three mechanisms, a headstock mechanism, a work index mechanism, and a turret mechanism, are operated by a numerical control mechanism. The headstock mechanism includes a vertical main shaft, a main bearing that supports the main shaft, a motor for the main shaft, a headstock frame that supports the main bearing, a vertical and horizontal servo motor that moves the headstock frame up and down, and a vertical and horizontal servo motor that is attached to the lower end of the main shaft. a chuck opening/closing device made of a hydraulic cylinder attached to the head of the main shaft and a round rod inserted into the cylinder of the main shaft;
It consists of a transmission device made up of a switching gear and a hydraulic cylinder that change the speed of rotation of the main shaft, and a device that detects the rotational position of the main shaft. In other words, the headstock mechanism opens the chuck opening at the lower end of the spindle, moves the headstock frame downward, inserts the material into the chuck opening and grabs it, then moves the headstock frame upward and rotates it, and then performs thread cutting. can operate the position detection device to cut the material.

The work indexing mechanism includes an index table, an indexing motor for the table, a hydraulic cylinder that horizontally reciprocates the frame supporting the table and the indexing motor toward the center line of the spindle, and is placed on the table. It consists of a hydraulic cylinder that extrudes the material. Therefore, the frame is moved forward by a hydraulic cylinder so that one of the materials placed at equal intervals on the circumference of the index table is directly under the main axis, and the material is moved forward by an extrusion pin from the back of the table and hydraulically. It is pushed up by the cylinder, fitted into the chuck opening, closed, and pulled up together with the headstock frame. The material on the table is indexed together with the table by an indexing motor.

The turret mechanism includes a turret, a horizontal axis motor that reciprocates the turret horizontally toward the center line of the spindle, an indexing motor that indexes the turret, an index positioning device, and a frame that supports the turret. Consisting of The positioning device consists of a positioning pin and a hydraulic cylinder, and the lower surface of the tool rest and the upper surface of the frame are connected by a carbyk coupling, and the attachment and detachment are performed by the hydraulic cylinder. Therefore, a hydraulic cylinder is used to remove the positioning pin fitted into a hole on the side of the shaft of the tool post, and another hydraulic cylinder is used to push up the tool post along with its shaft, thereby removing the curvature between the tool post and the frame. After removing the coupling ring, the turret is indexed by the indexing motor. The turret is then lowered along with its shaft by the hydraulic cylinder, and the curvature coupling is engaged again, at the same time the hydraulic cylinder inserts the locating pin into the hole in the side of the shaft, thereby stabilizing the turret. As a result, the material attached to the spindle is cut in an orderly manner by the cutter attached to the tool post.

In order to understand the present invention, a detailed explanation will be given below with reference to the drawings.

The headstock mechanism will be described primarily with reference to FIG. The main shaft 1 is rotatably supported by a main bearing 2, and the main bearing 2 is supported by a headstock frame 3. A main shaft motor 4 is fixed to this. It rotates through.
The hydraulic cylinder 6 is fixed to the frame 3 so as to be located at the head of the main shaft 1, and the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is connected to a round rod 7 inserted into the main shaft 1, so that the piston moves back and forth within the cylinder 6. As the round rod 7 moves up and down, the lower end of the round rod 7 and the claw of the power chuck 8 are connected by a lever, and when the round rod goes down, the claw opens and when it rises, the claw closes, making it possible to grasp the material.
The rotation speed of the main shaft 1 is changed by the vertical movement of the reciprocating rod 11 by the arm of the reciprocating rod 11 directly connected to the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 10 supporting the bearing of the switching gear 5.
Can be switched in stages. The headstock feed servo motor 13 attached to the main body frame 12 has two forward and reverse directions.
It can rotate in any direction. A ball screw rod 14 directly connected to the shaft of the servo motor 13 is fitted into an arm 15 of the headstock frame 3 and engaged with the arm 15 of the headstock frame 3.
The ball screw rod 1 is rotated in two directions, forward and reverse.
4 rotates in the same way, thereby causing the headstock frame 3
The arm 15 moves up and down, and therefore the headstock frame 3
similarly moves up and down. As shown in FIG. 1, the position detection device 16 is connected to the main shaft 1 by a belt.

The work index mechanism will be described primarily with reference to FIG. The work index table 17 is attached to a frame 19 and a horizontal axis indexing motor 18 with a speed reducer. The frame 19 has a hydraulic cylinder 20 attached to the main body frame 12.
It is fixed to a plate 22 attached perpendicularly to the tip of the piston 21. By the horizontal reciprocation of the piston 21 of the hydraulic cylinder 20, the index table 17 moves forward and backward toward the center line of the main shaft. Further, the vertical rods of the plate bottom 25 fit into the through holes 24 from the lower surface of the table 17, and the receiving plates 23 of the material 9 are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference of the index table 17. An extrusion pin 2 is directly connected to a piston of a hydraulic cylinder 27 for extruding material attached to an arm 26 extending from the front end of the frame 19 of the table 17.
8 faces the vertical rod of the dish bottom 25 located directly below the main shaft 1. The dish bottom 25 is pushed upward by the upward protrusion of the piston of the pushing hydraulic cylinder 27. A worm wheel 29 is attached to the lower end of the rotation shaft of the index table 17, and this engages with a worm 30 directly connected to the shaft of the index motor 18.
The shaft of the indexing motor 18 is fitted with a limit switch 31 and a hemispherical end of an overrun prevention pin 32 provided on the frame 19 into a hemispherical hole in the lower surface of the table 17. With this device, the work index table 17 can be reliably rotated at equal angles. The overrun prevention pin 32 is composed of a steel ball spring and an adjustment screw.

The turret mechanism will be explained primarily with reference to FIG. The turret turret 33 and the main shaft 1 horizontally.
A horizontal axis motor 34 that moves the turret 33 reciprocatingly forward and backward toward the center line of the turret 33.
5, a positioning pin 36, a hydraulic cylinder 37, a curvature coupling 39 connecting the turret frame 38 and the turret 33, and a hydraulic cylinder 40. The tool rest 33 includes a tool holder, and positioning pins 36 are moved in and out of positioning holes provided at equal intervals around the rotation axis of the tool rest by means of a hydraulic cylinder 37. The turret 33 has a gear 4 at the bottom of its rotation axis.
1 is attached and the pinion 42 directly connected to the indexing motor 35 rotates to index the turret tool rest 33. The frame 38 of the tool rest and the horizontal axis motor 34 are connected by a screw engagement between the ball screw rod 43 and a nut of the frame 38, and are moved forward and backward by rotation of the motor 34 in forward and reverse directions.

Each hydraulic cylinder of the above three mechanisms has an oil tank,
It is operated by a hydraulic system 44 consisting of a pump and a motor.

The numerical control mechanism consists of a numerical control panel 45 and an operation panel 46 for operating it. First, a work program is incorporated into the numerical control panel 45 from the operation panel 46, and then operation commands are transmitted to each motor and each Each hydraulic cylinder is operated by a built-in program.

(3) Effects of the Invention Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, the vertical numerically controlled lathe with a work index table is automatically operated according to a program installed in the numerical control panel 45. That is, work index table 1
7 is moved to the center line of the spindle 1 by the hydraulic cylinder 20, and the material 9 placed on the saucer 23 on the table 17 is located directly below the spindle 1. At the same time, when the round rod 7 in the cylinder of the main shaft 1, which is directly connected to the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 6, descends, the claw of the power chuck 8 is opened by the lever, and the hydraulic cylinder 2 is inserted into the through hole 24 of the table 17 from below.
The push-out pin 28 is fitted by the protrusion of the piston 7, and pushes the material 9 placed on the table 17 into the mouth of the chuck 8. Next, when the round rod 7 is pulled up by the hydraulic cylinder 6, the mouth of the chuck 8 is closed and the material 9 is gripped, and the headstock 2 is pulled up together with the frame 3 by the rotation of the servo motor 13 and placed in a fixed position. A frame 19 supporting the index table 17 and the indexing motor 18 is retracted from the center line by a hydraulic cylinder 20, and at the same time, the index table 17 is moved back to the indexing motor 18 at a constant angle by the engagement of the worm wheel 29 and the worm 30. It rotates and waits for the next process. The main shaft 1 is rotated by a main shaft motor 4 through a two-stage switching gear 5. The two-stage switching gear 5 is switched by the vertical movement of a reciprocating rod 11 directly connected to a piston of a hydraulic cylinder 10 and an arm fixed to the reciprocating rod 11.
Next, the tool rest 33 is moved toward the center line by the horizontal axis motor 34, and the material 9 is cut by the cutter mounted thereon. The tool rest 33 is indexed by an indexing motor 35, and the material 9 is cut by sequentially changing the tools attached thereto. Indexing of the tool rest 33 is always performed by retracting the tool rest 33 from the center line by the horizontal shaft motor 34.
After cutting, the material 9 is removed by stopping the rotation of the main shaft 1 and opening the chuck 8 of the main shaft 1. Since the above steps are automatically repeated by the lathe of the present invention, precision products can be efficiently mass-produced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a vertical numerically controlled lathe with a work index table according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view thereof, Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of its right side, and Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of its left side. It is. 1... Main shaft, 2... Main bearing, 3... Headstock frame,
4... Main shaft motor, 5... 2-stage switching gear, 6... Hydraulic cylinder, 7... Round rod, 8... Power chuck,
9...Material, 10...Hydraulic cylinder, 11...Reciprocating rod, 12...Main frame, 13...Servo motor, 14...Ball screw rod, 15...Arm of headstock frame, 16...Position detection device, 17...Work index table, 18... Index motor, 19... Frame, 20... Hydraulic cylinder, 21... Piston, 22... Plate, 23... Receiver, 24... Through hole, 25... Pan bottom, 26... Frame arm, 27... Hydraulic cylinder, 28... Ejector pin, 29...Worm wheel, 30...Worm, 31...Limit switch, 32...Overrun prevention pin, 33...Turret tool post, 34...Horizontal shaft motor, 35...Index motor, 36...Positioning pin, 37...Hydraulic cylinder , 38... Turret frame, 39... Car bit spring, 40... Hydraulic cylinder, 41... Gear, 42... Pinion, 43... Ball screw rod, 44
...Hydraulic system, 45...Numerical control panel, 46...Operation panel.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Consists of a headstock mechanism, a work index mechanism, a tool post mechanism, and a numerical control mechanism that operates these three mechanisms in conjunction with each other. A motor, a vertical servo motor that moves the frame up and down, a chuck attached to the bottom of the main shaft, a device that opens and closes the chuck opening, a device that changes the rotation of the main shaft, and a device that detects the rotational position of the main shaft. The work index mechanism includes an index table, a motor for indexing the table, a hydraulic cylinder for horizontally reciprocating a frame supporting the table and the index motor toward the center line of the spindle, and the table. The turret mechanism consists of a pin that pushes out the material placed on top and a hydraulic cylinder, and the turret mechanism includes a turret, a horizontal axis motor that moves the turret horizontally back and forth toward the center line of the spindle, and a motor that indexes the turret. , comprising a positioning device for the tool post and a frame that supports the tool post and the indexing motor, and the numerical control mechanism is characterized by comprising a numerical control panel that stores a work program and an operation panel that operates the same. A vertical numerically controlled lathe with a work index table.