JPH0353021B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention aims at converting crushed products (materials to be ground) that have been primary or secondary crushed by a cone crusher, a geo crusher, etc. into rounded grains similar to those of natural aggregates. Concerning machines that adjust to.

[Prior Art] Artificial aggregates for civil engineering and construction are generally made by crushing rocks using a compression type crusher such as a cone crusher or a geo crusher. has a department.

When the above-mentioned crushed product is used as aggregate for concrete, for example, due to the influence of its particle shape, a large amount of cement etc. is required to make concrete with the same strength as concrete using natural aggregate. Because of this problem, it is desired to adjust the particle shape to a roundness similar to that of natural aggregate.

Conventionally, there has been no stand-alone machine for adjusting the particle shape of primary or secondary crushed products; for example, the
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 33785, a crushing device is known that adjusts particle shape in conjunction with crushing. This crushing device consists of a rotor that applies centrifugal force to the material to be crushed that is supplied from above and releases it in a horizontal direction, and an annular crushing chamber with a U-shaped cross section that is installed concentrically around the outer circumference of the rotor. The materials to be crushed collide with the slope of the materials deposited on the bottom plate of the annular crushing chamber at a predetermined angle of repose, resulting in impact crushing. Adjustments are made only incidentally.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, according to the conventional agglomeration device described above, since the main purpose is crushing, most of the energy applied to the object to be crushed is used for impact crushing. However, when the purpose is to adjust the particle shape, there is a problem of over-pulverization (many powders are generated) and a low degree of particle shape improvement (generally, the actual rate of particle shape determination). In addition, if the particle shape, specific gravity, or other properties of the crushed material change,
This method can only change the rotational speed of the rotor, that is, the centrifugal force applied to the material to be crushed, and there is a problem in that it cannot adequately respond to changes in properties.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a particle shape adjusting machine that can adjust the particle shape to a highly improved particle shape in response to changes in the properties of the material to be ground without over-pulverizing the material.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the grain shape adjusting machine of the present invention has a rotor that applies centrifugal force to the material to be ground that is supplied from above and discharges it horizontally in the tangential direction. , an annular polishing chamber with a variable cross-sectional shape is provided concentrically around the outer periphery of the rotor so that the material to be ground discharged from the rotor flows in an arc shape from below to above; It consists of a regulator blade hinged around the lower part of the rotor to reflow a portion of the ground material, and a discharge adjustment ring fitted into the lower opening of the annular polishing chamber so as to be movable up and down.

[Operation] The material to be ground, which is given kinetic energy in the tangential direction by the rotor and released, flows in an arc shape from the bottom to the top in the annular grinding chamber, which has been changed to the optimum cross-sectional shape corresponding to its properties. During this flow process, the weakly strong acute-angled protrusions are ground by mutual collision and abrasion, thereby adjusting the particle shape to a rounded shape. A part of the ground material that naturally falls from the upper part of the annular grinding chamber is flowed again together with the subsequent ground material that is discharged from the rotor, and the ground material that falls naturally without colliding with the subsequent ground material is discharged. is blocked by the discharge adjustment ring, a part of the product is flowed again by the regulator blade, and the remainder becomes a product and is discharged.

[Example] An example of the particle shape adjusting machine of the present invention is shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
This will be explained using figures.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a hollow circular plate-shaped upper housing having a U-shaped cross section, and the upper housing 1 is connected to the upper end of a cylindrical lower housing 2 placed on a pedestal (not shown). The lower end of a cylindrical inlet hood 4 is inserted into the upper opening of the upper housing 1 and has a supply port 3 for a material to be ground (not shown) in the center of the upper part. Inside the inlet hood 4 is a feed pipe 5.
A cylindrical feed box 6 with a bottom inserted into the center of the bottom is arranged concentrically, and the space between the feed box 6 and the inlet hood 4 is a passage 7 for airflow generated by a rotor, which will be described later. .

Inside the upper housing 1, an annular polishing chamber 8 having a C-shaped cross section is provided. The annular polishing chamber 8 is for forcing the material to be ground discharged from the rotor described later to flow in an arc shape from the bottom to the top according to its properties, etc., and forms a hardened body of the material to be ground by accumulation, etc. A circular plate-shaped lower repulsion guide plate 9 is formed with a conical surface having a predetermined inclination angle and is attached to the bottom of the upper housing 1 so as to be able to incline, and the lower repulsion guide plate 9 is connected to the outer peripheral edge of the lower repulsion guide plate 9. A cylindrical side repulsion guide plate 10 vertically movable along the side inside the upper housing 1; and a side repulsion guide plate 10.
An upper repulsion guide plate 1 in the form of a circular plate with a concave curved surface is attached to the ceiling in the upper housing 1 so as to face the lower repulsion guide plate 9 so as to be connected to the upper end thereof.
It is formed from 1. Here, the inclination angle of the lower repulsion guide plate 9 is changed by, for example, raising and lowering the outer circumferential portion of the segment divided in the circumferential direction using the inner circumferential portion as a fulcrum using a lifting device (not shown) such as a hydraulic jack. , and the vertical movement of the side repulsion guide plate 10 is as follows:
Similarly, the change in the curvature of the upper repulsion guide plate 11 is performed by an elevating device (not shown), and the change in the curvature of the upper repulsion guide plate 11 is appropriately divided in the circumferential direction, and from the center side in the radial direction, the inner peripheral movable part 11a, the ceiling fixed part 11b, Periphery movable part 11
The inner and outer circumferential edges of the inner and outer movable parts 11a and 11c of the segment divided into c are raised and lowered by a lifting mechanism (not shown) using the outer and inner circumferential edges hinged to the ceiling fixing part 11b as fulcrums. conduct.

On the other hand, a vertical rotating shaft 12 is disposed at the center of the lower housing 2 by a bearing 13, a bearing housing 14, and a bracket 15, with its upper end facing the annular polishing chamber 8. A rotor 16 having an appropriately small outer diameter is connected to the upper end of the vertical rotation shaft 12 from the lower opening of the upper housing 1 . Rotor 16
The grinder applies a centrifugal force to the ground material supplied from the upper feed pipe 5 and releases it horizontally in the tangential direction toward the lower repulsion guide plate 9, and is constructed as follows. That is, the rotary table 17 is fitted onto the upper end of the vertical rotation shaft 12 by a boss portion 17a. A rotor main body 20 is mounted on the rotary table 17 and is equipped with a diametrical discharge path 19 having two opposing locations on the circumference facing the lower repulsion guide plate 9 as discharge ports 18 . In the middle is a distributor 2 for distributing the material to be ground.
1 is provided. The discharge path 19 has both side surfaces arranged symmetrically with respect to the radius, and the width near the discharge port 18 is gradually narrowed. A bottom liner 22 and side liners 23 are attached to the bottom surface of the discharge path 19 and both side surfaces near the discharge port 18 . The bottom liner 22 is prevented from moving in the horizontal direction due to its shape, and the side liner 23 has stepped portions 23a provided above and below that engage with steps 22a provided on both sides of the bottom liner 22, and Horizontal movement is prevented by engaging a vertical groove 23b provided on the back surface with a protrusion 20a provided on the rotor main body 20. An upper lid 25 having an inlet 24 for the material to be ground in the center is removably attached to the rotor body 20 with a fastener (not shown) such as a bolt. The top lid 25 has a bottom liner 22.
A corresponding top liner 26 is attached with its opposite sides engaged with the steps 23a of the side liners 23, and the top liner 26 connects the bottom liner 22.
Also, vertical movement of the side liner 23 is prevented.

A plurality of regulator blades 27 are hinged around the lower part of the rotor 16 and are out of phase with the discharge port 18 . The regulator blade 27 is for reflowing a part of the ground material that naturally falls from the upper part of the annular grinding chamber 8, as will be described later.
It is structured as follows. That is, rotor 1
A cylindrical cover bracket 28 is vertically installed at the lower part of the rotary table 17 of No. 6 so as to cover the upper part of the bearing housing 14, and a support flange 29 is provided on the outer periphery of the cover bracket 28 to connect the rotary table 17 and the rotary table 17 as appropriate. They are installed with some spacing between them.
The base ends of a plurality of horizontally extending regulator blades 27 are hinged between the rotary table 17 and the support flange 29 by vertical pins 30. Each legiletter blade 27 is
The tip is provided with a length that reaches near the periphery of the lower opening of the upper housing 1 when centrifugal force is applied due to rotation of the rotor 16.

A short cylindrical discharge adjustment ring 31 supported by the lower housing 2 is fitted into the lower opening of the annular polishing chamber 8 so as to be movable up and down. The discharge adjustment ring 31 changes the gap between the rotor 16 and the regulator blade 27 and the lower opening edge of the annular polishing chamber 8 in order to change the discharge resistance of the lower opening of the upper housing 1. The height when the discharge adjustment ring 31 is moved to the uppermost position is such that the upper part of the ground material deposited on the lower repulsion guide plate 9 of the annular polishing chamber 8 does not reach the height position of the rotor 16 (rotor lower),
In other words, it is provided so that the flow of the ground material discharged from the rotor 16 is not hindered by the accumulation of the ground material.

On the other hand, a driven pulley 32 is attached to the lower end of the hanging rotating shaft 12, and the driven pulley 32 is a driving pulley attached to the rotating shaft of a motor that is arranged outside the lower housing 2 and can rotate forward and backward. and a belt (both not shown).

In order to adjust the grain shape of the material to be ground using the grain shape adjuster having the above configuration, first, each repulsion guide plate 9, 10, 11
After changing the inclination angle, vertical position, and curvature of the annular polishing chamber 8 in accordance with the properties of the object to be ground, etc., and setting the cross-sectional shape of the annular polishing chamber 8 to an optimal shape, the motor is operated to rotate the rotor 1.
6 at a tip peripheral speed of about 40 m/s,
The material to be ground is introduced through the supply port 3 of the inlet hood 4. The material to be ground is introduced into the rotor 16 from the inlet 24 through the feed pipe 5 of the feed box 6, accelerated through the discharge path 19 by centrifugal force, and then discharged horizontally from the discharge port 18 in the tangential direction. .

The material to be ground discharged from the discharge port 18 of the rotor 16 hits the lower repulsion guide plate 9 and is repulsed upward, and is also repulsed and guided by the side repulsion guide plate 10 and the upper repulsion guide plate 11, and is annularly polished. After being forced to flow in an arc shape from the bottom to the top in the chamber 8, it falls naturally due to a decrease in kinetic energy. In the above-mentioned flow process, the sharp points of the material to be ground, which are weak in strength, are ground by mutual collision and grinding, and the material is adjusted to have a rounded grain shape.

On the other hand, a part of the ground material that naturally falls from the upper part of the annular grinding chamber 8 collides with the subsequent ground material discharged from the discharge port 18 of the rotor 16, and is flowed again together with the subsequent ground material. In addition, the ground material that naturally falls without colliding with the subsequent material to be ground is prevented from being discharged by the discharge adjustment ring 31, and a portion of the material is returned to the lower part of the annular grinding chamber 8 by the regulator blade 27. The material to be ground is thrown in the direction or upward of the repulsion guide plate 9 and flows in a relatively high concentration together with the material to be ground flowing in the annular grinding chamber 8, and the remainder is sent to the rotor 16.
After passing between the regulator blade 27 and the discharge adjustment ring 31, the product is discharged from the discharge port 33 at the lower end of the lower housing 2 as a product.

Here, if one of the side liners 23 of the rotor 16 wears unevenly due to the continuation of the above operation, the motor is reversed and the rotor 16 is rotated in the opposite direction for operation.

In the above embodiment, the lower repulsion guide plate 9 which forms a part of the annular polishing chamber 8 and which can be tilted is
is installed statically at the bottom of the upper housing 1, that is, so that it does not move after the inclination angle is set. The plate 9 may be made to vibrate up and down, or may be made to rotate in the opposite direction to the rotor 16.

Furthermore, the rotor 16 is not limited to being rotatable in forward and reverse directions, but may be rotatable in one direction. in this case,
Both sides of the discharge channel 19 may be radially asymmetric and may not be provided with a rotationally forward side liner 23. In addition, the number of discharge ports 18 and discharge passages 19 of the rotor 16 is not limited to two, but may be one, or three or four axially symmetrical locations.
Further, the side liner 23 is not limited to a case where the inclination angle with respect to the radius is constant, but may be variable in angle depending on the properties of the object to be ground, the rotational speed of the rotor 16, etc.

Further, the length of the regulator blade 27 is not limited to the length of the above-described embodiment, but may be such that the tip reaches the inside of the annular polishing chamber 8 when centrifugal force is applied. By doing so, the residence time of the material to be ground in the annular grinding chamber 8, in other words, the flow path is increased, and the degree of improvement in the particle shape of the product is further improved.

Further, the interlocking between the vertical rotating shaft 12 and the motor may be achieved by a chain, a sprocket, etc., instead of using pulleys, belts, etc., or the vertical rotating shaft 12 and the rotating shaft of the motor may be directly connected.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the grain shape adjuster of the present invention, the material to be ground, which is given kinetic energy in the tangential direction from the rotor and released, is directed from the bottom to the top in the annular grinding chamber. It is forced to flow in an arc shape, and in this flow process, the sharp points are ground by mutual collision and grinding, and a part of the ground material that naturally falls from the upper part of the annular grinding chamber is removed by the discharge adjustment ring. Combined with the fact that the discharge is obstructed, the subsequent grinding material discharged from the rotor and the regulator blade flow again in a relatively concentrated state, and the same grinding process is repeated. , unlike conventional methods, there is no over-pulverization due to collision crushing caused by a single collision with the accumulated material to be ground, and the grain shape is highly improved, that is, rounded grains similar to natural aggregates. It is possible to dramatically improve the actual area rate of determining the particle shape of the product. In addition, since the cross-sectional shape of the annular polishing chamber is variable, even if the properties of the object to be polished or the rotational speed of the rotor change, collision polishing of the object to be polished can be performed effectively under optimal conditions. It can be carried out.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the grain shape adjuster of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of its rotor. 8... Annular polishing chamber, 9... Lower repulsion guide plate, 1
0...Side repulsion guide plate, 11...Upper repulsion guide plate, 16...Rotor, 19...Discharge path, 23...
Side liner, 27...Reguille letter blade, 3
1...Discharge adjustment ring.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rotor that applies centrifugal force to the material to be ground supplied from above and releases it horizontally in a tangential direction, and a rotor that applies centrifugal force to the material to be ground that is supplied from above and releases it horizontally in a tangential direction; An annular polishing chamber with a variable cross-sectional shape is provided concentrically around the outer circumference of the rotor, and a legi is hinged around the bottom of the rotor in order to reflow some of the ground material that falls from the upper part of the annular polishing chamber. A particle shape adjusting machine comprising a rotor blade and a discharge adjusting ring fitted into the lower opening of an annular polishing chamber so as to be able to move up and down. 2. The grain shape adjusting machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotor rotates in one direction. 3. The particle shape adjusting machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotor can rotate forward and backward. 4. The grain shape adjuster according to claim 3, wherein the rotor has both side surfaces of a discharge path for the material to be ground that are symmetrical with respect to a radius. 5. A circular plate-shaped lower repulsion guide plate in which the annular polishing chamber forms a conical surface with a required angle of inclination, and a cylindrical side repulsion guide installed so as to be continuous with the outer periphery of the lower repulsion guide plate. Claims 1, 2 or 3, comprising: a plate; and an annular plate-shaped upper repulsion guide plate having a concave curved surface and facing the lower repulsion guide plate so as to be connected to the upper end of the side repulsion guide plate. The particle shape adjuster according to item 3. 6. The grain shape adjuster according to claim 5, wherein the lower repulsion guide plate is static. 7. The grain shape adjuster according to claim 5, wherein the lower repulsion guide plate is capable of vertical vibration. 8. The grain shape adjuster according to claim 5, wherein the lower repulsion guide plate is rotatable in a direction opposite to that of the rotor. 9. Grain shape adjustment according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 5, wherein the regulator blade has a tip extending to near the periphery of the lower opening of the annular polishing chamber. Machine. 10 The regulator blade has a tip extending into the annular polishing chamber.
2. The particle shape adjusting machine according to item 2, item 3, or item 5. 11. The height of the discharge adjustment ring is such that the upper part of the ground material deposited in the annular polishing chamber does not reach the height of the rotor. Section 2, 3rd
Particle shape adjusting machine as described in Section 1, Section 5, Section 9 or Section 10.