JPH0355673B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a refrigerant compressor used in, for example, an automobile cooling system, and in particular converts rotational motion of a main shaft into reciprocating motion of a piston within a cylinder to compress refrigerant. This invention relates to a refrigerant compressor that compresses .

[Prior Art] This type of refrigerant compressor converts the rotational motion of a rotor connected to a main shaft and disposed in a crank chamber into a rocking motion of a rocking plate, and this rocking motion causes a piston to move. There are known refrigerant compressors that reciprocate the
issue).

In this type of refrigerant compressor, the refrigerant is usually introduced into a suction chamber provided in the cylinder head.
The piston draws it into the cylinder through the suction valve. However, in this type of refrigerant compressor, the temperature inside the crank chamber increases due to mechanical friction heat generated by the operation of the compressor, and stable operation may not be ensured. For this reason, a suction port for introducing refrigerant is provided in the casing, and the refrigerant is first introduced into the crank chamber to lower the temperature inside the crank chamber.
There is also known a refrigerant compressor in which refrigerant introduced into the crank chamber is introduced into the suction chamber via a suction path provided in a cylinder block or the like.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the case of a refrigerant compressor that once introduces refrigerant into the crank chamber, the refrigerant is supplied to the suction chamber through a suction path provided in a cylinder block, etc. There was a disadvantage that the pressure drop was large and the refrigeration capacity was reduced.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in a refrigerant compressor having a suction port for introducing refrigerant into a casing, and to provide a refrigerant compressor with improved refrigerating capacity.

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the present invention, there is provided a casing having a suction port and forming a crank chamber, a main shaft rotatably disposed in the crank chamber, and a cylinder having a cylinder connected to the casing. installed cylinder block,
A cylinder head having a suction chamber and a discharge chamber and fixed to the cylinder block, a piston slidably inserted into the cylinder, connected to the main shaft and the piston to linearly reciprocate the rotational movement of the main shaft. a motion conversion mechanism that converts the motion into motion and transmits it to the piston to cause the piston to reciprocate; one end opens into the crank chamber, the other end opens into the suction chamber, and the flow flows into the crank chamber through the suction port. a suction path for passing the refrigerant into the suction chamber, a screw hole provided in the cylinder block, and a fixing device that is attached to the cylinder head and screws into the screw hole to fix the cylinder head to the cylinder block. In the refrigerant compressor including a bolt, the screw hole communicates with the crank chamber, and the fixing bolt passes through the suction chamber and has a communication hole that communicates the crank chamber and the suction chamber. A refrigerant compressor is obtained.

[Function] In the case of the refrigerant compressor of the present invention, the refrigerant is communicated from the crank chamber to the suction chamber by not only the suction path communicating the crank chamber and the suction chamber, but also by screwing into the screw hole leading to the crank chamber. This is also done through the communication hole of the fixing bolt. As a result, the pressure loss that occurs when the refrigerant flows from the crank chamber to the suction chamber is reduced.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 1 to 4.

Referring to FIG. 1, a cylindrical casing 10
A crank chamber 13 is formed between a cylinder block 11 connected to one end and a front housing 12 fixed to the other end. These casing 10 and cylinder block 11 are integrally molded. One end of the main shaft 16 is arranged in the crank chamber 13, and the central part of the main shaft 16 is
It is rotatably supported by the front housing 12 by a needle bearing 15 attached to the center of the front housing 12.
A rotor 14 is attached to one end of this main shaft 16, and this rotor 14 is connected to the front housing 1.
2 through a thrust needle bearing 17. Also arranged in the crank chamber 13 is a ring-shaped swing plate 19 that faces the inclined surface 14 a of the rotor 14 via a thrust needle bearing 18 . It is swingably received at the tip via a rotatable steel ball 21. The swinging center shaft body 20 is inserted into the central hole 22 of the cylinder block 11, and is movable in the axial direction but is prevented from rotating. is being energized towards. The biasing force of the spring 23 at this time can be adjusted by turning the screw body 24 screwed into the central hole 22.

The oscillating center shaft 20 also has a bevel gear 20b at its tip, and this bevel gear 20b meshes with a bevel gear 25 fixed to the oscillating plate 19, thereby preventing rotation of the oscillating plate 19. There is. These swing center shaft body 20, steel ball 21, spring 23, bevel gear 25, etc.
A rotation prevention mechanism is configured.

The cylinder block 11 includes a plurality of cylinders 2.
6 are formed, and a piston 27 is slidably inserted into each of these cylinders 26. And these pistons 27 are connected to rods 28
is connected to the vicinity of the periphery of the swing plate 19.
The connection between the rod 28 and the rocking plate 19 and the connection between the rod 28 and the piston 27 are both performed by ball joints. The above-mentioned rotor 14, swing plate 19, rod 28, etc. constitute a motion conversion mechanism, and when the main shaft 16 rotates by this motion conversion mechanism, the piston 27 makes a linear reciprocating motion.

A cylinder head 30 is superimposed on one end of the cylinder block 11 via a gasket (not shown) and a valve plate device 29, and is fixed to the cylinder block 11 with a fixing bolt 31. A suction chamber 32 and a discharge chamber 33 are provided within the cylinder head 30, and a valve plate device 29 is provided.
It communicates with the cylinder 26 through a suction valve 29a and a discharge valve 29b provided in the cylinder 26, respectively. In addition,
A valve holder 34 prevents excessive deflection of the discharge valve 29b, and is integrally fixed to the valve plate device 29 with bolts 35.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line -' in FIG. 36' is provided.
One end of each of these suction holes 36, 36' communicates with the crank chamber 13, and the other end communicates with the suction chamber 32. The suction holes 36, 36' constitute a suction path that communicates the crank chamber 13 and the suction chamber 32.

The cylinder block 11 is further provided with seven screw holes 37 into which fixing bolts 31 are screwed.

Referring to FIG. 3, the fixing bolt 31 has a head 31a and a shaft portion 31b welded to the head 31a.
A hollow portion 31c is formed in the axial direction of the shaft portion 31b. A vertical hole 31b extending perpendicular to the axial direction communicates with this hollow portion 31c. The hollow portion 31c and the vertical hole 31d constitute a communication hole that communicates the crank chamber 13 and the suction chamber 32.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the fixing bolt 31 is
The fixing bolt 31 is screwed into a screw hole 37 formed in the cylinder block 11 and communicating with the crank chamber 13, and the fixing bolt 31 passes through the suction chamber 32. At this time, the vertical hole 31d is arranged at a position where it opens into the suction chamber 32. On the other hand, a suction port 38 for introducing refrigerant into the crank chamber 13 is provided on the side wall of the casing 10 .

In the above-described structure, when the main shaft 16 is rotated by an appropriate rotational drive means, the rotor 14 rotates within the crank chamber 13, and the inclined surface 14 of the rotor 14 rotates.
Since the rocking plate 19 swings without rotating around the steel ball 21 according to a, the plurality of pistons 27 reciprocate within the cylinder 26 with a time difference. As a result, the refrigerant gas in the suction chamber 32 is transferred to the suction valve 2.
9a into the cylinder 26, and
It is discharged into the discharge chamber 33 via the discharge valve 29b. As the piston 27 reciprocates, refrigerant gas is introduced into the crank chamber 13 from the suction port 38, and in addition to passing through the suction hole 36, it is also sucked in through the screw hole 37, the hollow part 31c of the fixing bolt 31, and the vertical hole 31d. is introduced into chamber 32. Since the same number of suction paths as the cylinders 26 can be provided through the hollow portion 31c of the fixing bolt 31 and the vertical hole 31d, the pressure drop when the refrigerant gas passes therethrough is reduced.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a refrigerant compressor showing another embodiment of the present invention. In the case of the compressor shown in the figure, the casing 40 consists of a first casing part 40a and a second casing part 40b. A cylinder block 41 is integrally formed at the right end of the first casing part 40a, and a cylinder block 41' is integrally formed at the left end of the second casing part 40b. A crank chamber 43 is formed between these. The swash plate 49 disposed within the crank chamber 43 is connected to the cylinder block 41,
Needle bearing 45, 4 in the center of 41'
It is fixed to a main shaft 46 which is rotatably inserted through the main shaft 5'. A peripheral edge 49a of the swash plate 49 engages with a sliding groove 58a formed in a piston rod 58 via a pair of shoes 58b. Pistons 57, 57' are integrally formed at both ends of the piston rod 58, and cylinder blocks 41, 4
1' are slidably inserted into cylinders 56, 56' formed in the cylinders 1'. Cylinder head 60, 60'
Valve plate devices 59, 59' are provided between the cylinder blocks 41, 41' and the cylinder blocks 41, 41', respectively.

The cylinder heads 60, 60' include a suction chamber 62,
62' and discharge chambers 63, 63' are provided.

The cylinder heads 60, 60' are secured to the cylinder blocks 41, 41', respectively, by fixing bolts 61.
Fixed. This fixing bolt 61 passes through the first casing part 40a and the second casing part 40b, and its tip end is attached to the cylinder head 6.
It is screwed into a female threaded portion 60a formed at 0,
Further, the fixing bolt 61 is connected to the suction chambers 62, 62'.
is passing through. The shaft portion 6 of this fixing bolt 61
1b is formed with a hollow part 61c in the axial direction, and the vertical hole 61d is connected to the suction chambers 62, 62' and the crank chamber 4.
They are provided at three locations with openings at each end.

In the above-described structure, when the main shaft 46 is rotated by a suitable rotation drive means, the swash plate 49 rotates within the crank chamber 43. Peripheral portion 49a of this swash plate 49
is a sliding groove 58a formed in the piston rod 58.
Since the pair of shoes 58b are engaged with each other,
As the swash plate 49 rotates, the piston rod 58 makes a linear reciprocating motion parallel to the main shaft 46. This causes the pistons 57, 57' provided on both sides to reciprocate within the cylinders 56, 56'. piston 5
7, 57' and cylinders 56, 56' are not shown, but ten cylinders are provided as in the refrigerant compressor shown in FIG. Move back and forth. As a result, the refrigerant gas in the suction chambers 62, 62' is sucked into the cylinders 56, 56' and is discharged into the discharge chamber 63. As the cylinder 56 reciprocates, refrigerant gas is introduced into the crank chamber 43 from a suction port (not shown), and in addition to passing through a suction hole (not shown) similar to that shown in FIG. from the vertical hole 61d opened to the crank chamber 43 of the hollow part 6.
1c is further introduced into the suction chambers 62, 62' through a vertical hole 61d opening into the suction chambers 62, 62'. Hollow part 61c of fixing bolt 61, vertical hole 61
Since the number of suction paths via d can be the same as the number of cylinders 56, the pressure drop when the refrigerant gas passes therethrough is reduced.

The above-mentioned embodiments all relate to a compressor with a fixed compression capacity. The present invention is also applicable.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the refrigerant compressor of the present invention, the number of suction paths for refrigerant from the crank chamber to the suction chamber is increased due to the communication holes formed in the fixing bolts. pressure drop can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a rocking plate type refrigerant compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A' in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows the refrigerant in Fig. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a fixing bolt used in the compressor, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a swash plate type refrigerant compressor showing another embodiment of the present invention. 10... Casing, 11... Cylinder block, 12... Front housing, 13... Crank chamber, 16... Main shaft, 19... Rocking plate, 26...
... Cylinder, 27 ... Piston, 30 ... Cylinder head, 31 ... Fixing bolt, 31c ... Hollow part, 31d ... Vertical hole, 32 ... Suction chamber, 33 ...
...Discharge chamber, 36...Suction hole, 37...Screw hole, 3
8...Suction port, 40...Casing, 41...
...Cylinder block, 43...Crank chamber, 46
... Main shaft, 49 ... Swash plate, 56 ... Cylinder, 5
7... Piston, 60... Cylinder head, 61
...Fixing bolt, 61c...Hollow part, 61d...
Vertical hole, 62...suction chamber, 63...discharge chamber.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A casing having a suction port and forming a crank chamber, a main shaft rotatably disposed in the crank chamber, a cylinder block having a cylinder and connected to the casing, and having a suction chamber and a discharge chamber. A cylinder head fixed to the cylinder block, a piston slidably inserted into the cylinder, and a cylinder connected to the main shaft and the piston convert the rotational motion of the main shaft into a linear reciprocating motion to the piston. a motion conversion mechanism that reciprocates the piston; one end opens into the crank chamber, the other end opens into the suction chamber, and the refrigerant flowing into the crank chamber through the suction port passes through the suction chamber. A refrigerant compressor including a suction path, a screw hole provided in the cylinder block, and a fixing bolt that is attached to the cylinder head and screws into the screw hole to fix the cylinder head to the cylinder block. , the screw hole communicates with the crank chamber, the fixing bolt passes through the suction chamber, and has a communication hole that communicates the crank chamber and the suction chamber. Refrigerant compressor.