JPH0356322B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a cylinder device operated by pneumatic pressure and hydraulic pressure.

<Conventional technology> Hydraulic pressure is used for work that requires high thrust, such as press-fitting a bush into a hole in a workpiece, drilling a hole in a panel, or clamping a workpiece, while pneumatic pressure is used to return to the original position. A pneumatic and hydraulic cylinder system is used.

A conventional cylinder device of this type generally has a structure shown in FIG. Its structure is that the first cylinder 4
The cylinder structure includes inner and outer cylinders of a second cylinder 5 provided on the outer periphery of the first cylinder 4, and a third cylinder 10 provided behind the inner and outer cylinders via a partition wall 12. A first piston 8 having a rod 7 that penetrates through the front end wall 14 and projects to the outside is fitted into the cylinder 4, and a ring-shaped second piston 99 is fitted into the second cylinder 5.
A third piston 20 having a rod 11 that penetrates the partition wall 12 and projects into the first cylinder 4 is fitted into the third cylinder 10 .

Further, the chambers on the back surface of the second piston 9 of the second cylinder 5 and the chambers on the back surface of the first piston 8 of the first cylinder 4 are communicated with each other via a passage 13 provided in the partition wall 12, and oil 21 is sealed therein. .

Further, the front end wall 14 has a first port 16 for supplying and discharging air pressure to the front chamber of the second piston 9 of the second cylinder 5, and a first port 16 for supplying and discharging air pressure to the front chamber of the first piston 8 of the first cylinder 4. The partition wall 12 is provided with a third port 18 for supplying and discharging air pressure to the front chamber of the third piston 20 of the third cylinder 10.
A fourth port 19 is provided for supplying and discharging air pressure to and from the rear chamber of 0.

To explain the operation in the case where the bush 3 is press-fitted into the hole 2 made in the workpiece 1 by the cylinder device of the conventional structure, although it is not shown in the figure, the original position state before the start of operation is the first piston 8 and the first piston 8. The three pistons 20 are both moved to the backward end by air pressure supplied from the second port 20 and the third port 18. Further, the oil 21 caused by the backward movement of the first piston 8 is pushed back into the second cylinder 5, so the second piston 9 is pushed by the oil 21 and moved to the forward end.

When the operation starts, air pressure is supplied to the first port 16, and the second piston 9 is moved backward to press and supply the oil 21 in the second cylinder 5 to the first cylinder 4 side. As a result, the first piston 8 is moved forward by the pressure of the oil 21, and the tip of the rod 7 comes into contact with the end surface of the bush 3 via the operated object. Then the fourth
Air pressure is supplied to the port 19 to move the third piston 20 forward. Due to the forward movement of the third piston 20, the rod 11 closes the passage 13, and the tip of the rod 11 abuts against the plane of the first piston 8, as shown in FIG. Passage 13 by the rod 11
When the first cylinder 4 is closed, the oil 21 in the first cylinder 4 is sealed, and the first piston 8 is pressed with a large force according to Pascal's principle, and the bush 3 is press-fitted into the hole 2 with a high thrust.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> In the cylinder device of the above conventional structure, the bush 3
If the initial press-fitting position changes, the first piston 8 and the rod 11 of the third piston 20 will interfere with each other, and the amount of movement of the first piston 8 will decrease, making it impossible to generate high thrust. Further, there were problems in that a high thrust force could be obtained only at the final stage of the movement of the first piston 8 due to the structure, and that the axial lengths of the first and third cylinders made it impossible to install them in a narrow space.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention provides a cylinder that is divided into three chambers, a front chamber, a central chamber, and a rear chamber, in the axial direction by first and second partition walls. The cylinder is divided into two chambers, and the front chamber is fitted with a first piston having a rod projecting outward from the front end wall of the cylinder, and the rear chamber is fitted with a rod penetrating the second partition and projecting into the central chamber. A second piston is fitted in the central chamber, and a third piston, through which the rod of the second piston is slidably penetrated, is fitted in the central chamber. a first check valve that seals oil flowing through a passage provided in a first partition wall between the piston front side and the first check valve that prevents oil flowing into the passageway from flowing backward; and a rod of the second piston. A sealed chamber sealed by a central chamber is provided in the first partition wall, and a second
A passage communicating through a check valve is provided, and includes a first port that supplies and discharges air pressure to the back surface of the third piston in the central chamber, and a second port that supplies and discharges air pressure to the front surface of the first piston in the front chamber. a third port that supplies and discharges air pressure to the front surface of the second piston in the rear chamber;
It is provided with a fourth port for supplying and discharging air pressure to the back surface of the second piston, and a fifth port for supplying air pressure to release the check function of the second check valve.

<Function> In the present invention, the second piston in the rear chamber is moved to the rearward end by air pressure to open the sealed chamber of the first partition, and the third piston in the central chamber is moved forward by air pressure.
Oil is pressurized and supplied to the front chamber through the first check valve, and the oil moves the first piston of the front chamber forward by a required amount. Next, the second piston is moved to the forward end by air pressure, and the rod of the second piston closes the sealed chamber to seal the oil in the front chamber. As a result, the first piston is pushed with a large force by Pascal's principle and moves to the forward end.

In the backward movement to return to the original position, the first piston and the second piston are pushed in the backward direction by air pressure. At this time, negative pressure is generated in the sealed chamber closed by the second piston rod as the rod retreats, but this negative pressure opens the second check valve, guides the oil in the central chamber to the sealed chamber, and opens the second piston rod. Make it easier to move backwards. At the same time, air pressure is applied to the first check valve to release the non-return action, and the oil in the front chamber is returned to the central chamber by the backward movement of the first piston, and this returned oil is used to move the third piston backward. It is meant to be moved.

<Example> Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 4. In FIG. 1, 30 is a cylinder. This cylinder 1 is composed of a punch section P and a booster section R. That is, the first
The front chamber 3 is separated by the partition wall 31 and the second partition wall 32.
3. Three chambers, a central chamber 34 and a rear chamber 35, are divided in the axial direction, and a first piston 36 equipped with a rod 37 protruding outward from the front end wall of the cylinder 30 is fitted in the front chamber 33. . A second piston 38 is fitted in the rear chamber 35 and has a rod 39 that extends through the second partition wall 32 and projects into the central chamber 34 . Further, the second piston 3 is provided in the central chamber 34.
A third piston 40, which is slidably penetrated by a rod 39 of No. 8, is fitted therein.

The first partition wall 31 has a rear surface of the first piston 36 in the front chamber 33 and a third piston 4 in the central chamber 34.
A passage 41 communicating with the front surface of 0 is provided,
Oil 57 is sealed in the front chamber of the third piston 40 , and the oil 57 flows into the front chamber 33 through the passage 41 and is returned from the front chamber 33 to the central chamber 34 . The passage 41 is provided with a first check valve 42 that prevents the oil 57 that has flowed into the front chamber 33 from flowing back. The check action of the first check valve 42 is released by air pressure, which will be described later. Furthermore, the rod 3 is attached to the first partition wall 31 by the forward movement of the second piston 38.
a sealed chamber 43 that is closed at 9 and seals the passage 41 and the back surface of the first piston 36 of the front chamber 33;
Passage 4 communicating this sealed chamber 43 and central chamber 34
5, and a second check valve 44 is disposed in this passage 45.

46 is a first port that supplies and discharges air pressure to the back of the third piston 40 in the central chamber 34, 47 is a second port that supplies and discharges air pressure to the front of the first piston 36 in the front chamber 33, and 48 is a a third port 4 for supplying and discharging air pressure to the front surface of the second piston 38 of the rear chamber 35;
Reference numeral 9 designates a fourth port for supplying and discharging air pressure to the back surface of the third piston 38, and reference numeral 50 designates a fifth port for supplying air pressure to release the check action of the first check valve 42.

These first to fifth ports 46 to 50 are connected to an air source, a first electromagnetic switching valve 51, a second electromagnetic switching valve 52,
Mechanical valves 54 and 55 are provided in the rear chamber 35 and are switched based on the forward and backward movement of the second piston 38.
A switching valve 53 and a shuttle valve 5 controlled by switching
Piping is connected via 6 etc. LS ₁ and LS ₂ are limit switches for confirming the forward position of the rod 37 of the first piston 36, and the limit switch LS ₁
The second electromagnetic switching valve 52 is controlled by the signal, and the limit switch LS ₂ controls the first electromagnetic switching valve 51 and the second electromagnetic switching valve 52.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

When the startup is started, the first electromagnetic switching valve 51 switches, air pressure is supplied to the first port 46, and the third
The piston 40 is moved forward, and the oil 5 in the central chamber 34 is removed.
7 flows into the front chamber 33 through the first check valve 42, advances the first piston 36, and causes the rod 37 to move forward.
moves to the working position where it abuts against the bush 3 as shown in FIG. 2B. At this time, the limit switch
LS ₁ is turned on, the second electromagnetic switching valve 52 is switched, and the air pressure passes from the second electromagnetic switching valve 52 through the switching valve 53, switches the shuttle valve 56, and is supplied to the third port 48. This moves the second piston 38 to the rearward end. At the same time, mechanical valve 5
4 is also supplied with air pressure.

The second piston 38 that has moved to the backward end hits the mechanical valve 54 to switch it, and the air pressure supplied to the mechanical valve 54 enters the operating port of the switching valve 53 and switches the switching valve 53.

When the switching valve 53 is switched, air pressure is supplied to the fourth port 49 and moves the second piston 38 forward. At the same time, air pressure is also supplied to the mechanical valve 55. When the second piston 38 moves forward, the rod 39 fits into the sealed chamber 43 and the passage 4
1, the oil 57 in the front chamber 33 is sealed. As a result, the oil 57 sealed according to Pascal's principle becomes high pressure, pushes the first piston 36 with a large force, and press-fits the bush 3 with a high thrust.

When the second piston 38 moves forward and strikes the mechanical valve 55 to switch, the mechanical valve 55
The air pressure supplied to the switching valve 53 enters the operating port of the switching valve 53 and switches the switching valve 53. This results in
Air pressure is supplied to the third port 48, causing the second piston 38 to move backward. At the same time, air pressure is also supplied to the mechanical valve 54.

At this time, the oil 57 sealed in the sealed chamber 43 receives negative pressure when the second piston 38 moves backward.
This makes it difficult for the second piston 38 to move, but this negative pressure opens the second check valve 44, causing the oil 57 in the central chamber 34 to flow into the sealed chamber 43 through the passage 45, causing the second piston 38 to move. make it easier

The above series of operations is automatically repeated until the work is completed, and when the work is completed, the first piston 3
Rod 37 of 6 turns on limit switch LS ₂ . As a result, the first and second electromagnetic switching valve devices 5
1 and 52 are switched, and the shuttle valve 56 is switched to supply air pressure to the third port 48, the fifth port 50, and the second port 47, and the second piston 38 is moved backward and the first check valve 42 is switched. The operation of releasing the non-return action and the return operation of the first piston 36 are performed, the oil 57 is returned from the front chamber 33 to the central chamber 34, and the return operation of the third piston 40 is performed, completing the return to the original position. It is.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, the first piston in the front chamber is moved forward by hydraulic pressure to perform thrust work, and the first piston is moved forward by air pressure to seal the oil flowing into the front chamber. Since the second piston in the rear chamber is completely separated from the second piston in the rear chamber for creating high pressure based on the principle, there is no interference between the first piston and the second piston. The working position of the piston can be arbitrarily obtained, and the high thrust movement distance can also be arbitrarily set.

Furthermore, a punch part P having a first piston,
Since it is possible to separate the booster section R from the central chamber containing oil and having the third piston and the rear chamber having the second piston, an obstacle 58 exists at the rear on the axis as shown in FIG. In the case of the placement part, the punch part P and the booster part R are arranged separately,
An oil passage is connected between the front chamber 33 and the central chamber 34 through a pipe 59, and the installation can be done while avoiding obstacles 58, allowing use in narrow spaces.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of punch parts P
It is also possible to perform work on a plurality of workpieces at the same time by arranging them in parallel and connecting them to one booster section R with an oil passage piping 59.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention and an air pressure control circuit; FIGS. 2A, B, and C are operational diagrams of the device of the present invention;
3 and 4 are usage patterns of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the conventional device. 30... Cylinder, 31... First bulkhead, 32
...Second bulkhead, 33...Front chamber, 34...Central chamber, 35...Rear chamber, 36...First piston, 3
7... Rod, 38... Second piston, 39...
Rod, 40...Third piston, 41...Passage,
42...First check valve, 43...Sealed chamber, 44
... second check valve, 45 ... passage, 46 ... first port, 47 ... second port, 48 ... third port, 49 ... fourth port, 50 ... fifth port.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 The cylinder is axially divided into three chambers, a front chamber, a central chamber, and a rear chamber, by first and second partition walls, and the front chamber is equipped with a rod that protrudes outward from the front end wall of the cylinder. A second piston is fitted in the rear chamber, and a second piston is fitted in the rear chamber, and the second piston includes a rod that penetrates the second partition wall and projects into the central chamber, and the rod of the second piston slides in the central chamber. A third piston that can be penetrated is fitted, and oil that flows through a passage provided in the first partition wall is enclosed between the back surface of the first piston in the front chamber and the front surface of the third piston in the central chamber; The passage is provided with a first check valve for preventing backflow of oil that has flowed into the front chamber, and a sealed chamber sealed by the rod of the second piston, and the first partition wall is provided with a first check valve that prevents the oil flowing into the front chamber from flowing backward, and a first partition wall is provided with a first check valve that prevents the oil flowing into the front chamber from flowing back. room and the second
A passage communicating through a check valve is provided, and includes a first port that supplies and discharges air pressure to the back surface of the third piston in the central chamber, and a second port that supplies and discharges air pressure to the front surface of the first piston in the front chamber. a third port that supplies and discharges air pressure to the front surface of the second piston in the rear chamber;
A pneumatic hydraulic cylinder characterized by having a fourth port for supplying and discharging air pressure to the back of the second piston, and a fifth port for supplying air pressure to release the check function of the second check valve. Device.