JPH0357441B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0357441B2 JPH0357441B2 JP56081364A JP8136481A JPH0357441B2 JP H0357441 B2 JPH0357441 B2 JP H0357441B2 JP 56081364 A JP56081364 A JP 56081364A JP 8136481 A JP8136481 A JP 8136481A JP H0357441 B2 JPH0357441 B2 JP H0357441B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- refractive index
- lens
- monomer
- lens array
- manufacturing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002794 monomerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical group C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- ROLAGNYPWIVYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanamine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1CC(N)C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 ROLAGNYPWIVYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKJWYKGYGWOAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) carbonate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)OCC=C JKJWYKGYGWOAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
- B29D11/00278—Lenticular sheets
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Exposure Or Original Feeding In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、屈折率分布型プラスチツクロツドレ
ンズを１列あるいは複数列に配列させた屈折率分
布型レンズアレイの作製法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a gradient index lens array in which gradient index plastic lenses are arranged in one or more rows.
最近、複写機において、感光体上に投影像を結
像させるための光学素子として、中心から軸対称
に放物線状の屈折率分布をもつ、セルフオツクレ
ンズと呼ばれている屈折率分布型ロツドレンズを
１列あるいは複数列に配列させた屈折率分布型レ
ンズアレイを用いた複写機が市販されるようなつ
た。〔文献１：「光学」第10巻第２号（1981年４
月）、111〜117頁参照〕
しかし、現在市販されている屈折率分布型レン
ズアレイは、いずれもガラス製のロツドレンズを
用いたものであり、その製造が比較的むずかしい
ために、高価なものになつてしまうという欠点を
有している。 Recently, in copiers, a refractive index gradient rod lens called a self-occurring lens, which has a parabolic refractive index distribution axially symmetrical from the center, has been used as an optical element to form a projected image on a photoreceptor. Copying machines using gradient index lens arrays arranged in one or more rows have become commercially available. [Reference 1: "Optics" Vol. 10 No. 2 (April 1981)
), pp. 111-117] However, the gradient index lens arrays currently on the market all use glass rod lenses, which are relatively difficult to manufacture and therefore expensive. It has the disadvantage of getting old.
このような欠点を解決するために、プラスチツ
ク製のロツドレンズを用いた安価な屈折率分布型
レンズアレイが考えられている。 In order to solve these drawbacks, an inexpensive gradient index lens array using plastic rod lenses has been considered.
プラスチツクロツドレンズに屈折率分布を形成
する方法については、すでにいくつかの方法が知
られているが、その一例が文献２（Appl.Phys.
Lett.Vol.23、No.５の247〜248頁）に示されてい
る。 Several methods are already known for forming a refractive index distribution on a plastic lens, one example of which is described in Reference 2 (Appl. Phys.
Lett. Vol. 23, No. 5, pages 247-248).
この方法は、まず重合することによつて高屈折
率のポリマーとなるモノマー（以下高屈折率モノ
マーという）であるイソフタル酸ジアリルを、所
定形状の管の中に充填し、半重合させてゲル状ロ
ツドを作り、次にこのロツドを、重合することに
よつて低屈折率のポリマーとなるモノマー（以下
低屈折率モノマーという）であるメチルメタアク
リレートに浸漬し、ゲル状ロツド中に低屈折率モ
ノマーを浸透・拡散させながら共重合するもので
ある。これにより、低屈折率モノマーの拡散濃度
が、ロツドの外周部から中心に行くほど低くなる
ため、軸対称の屈折率分布が成形される。 In this method, diallyl isophthalate, which is a monomer that becomes a polymer with a high refractive index by polymerization (hereinafter referred to as a high refractive index monomer), is first filled into a tube of a predetermined shape, and then half-polymerized to form a gel. A rod is made, and then this rod is immersed in methyl methacrylate, which is a monomer that becomes a low refractive index polymer by polymerization (hereinafter referred to as a low refractive index monomer), and the low refractive index monomer is added to the gel rod. It copolymerizes while permeating and diffusing. As a result, the diffusion concentration of the low refractive index monomer becomes lower from the outer periphery toward the center of the rod, so that an axially symmetrical refractive index distribution is formed.
このような屈折率分布型プラスチツクロツドレ
ンズの製作法は、二段階共重合法と呼ばれ、上述
の高屈折率および低屈折率モノマー以外にも、高
屈折率モノマーとしてフタル酸ジアリル、ジエチ
レングリコールビスアリルカーボネートなどのジ
ビニルモノマーを、また低屈折率モノマーとして
ブチルメタアクリレート、アクリル酸メチルなど
のビニルモノマーを用いても同様の屈折率分布を
形成できることが知られている。〔文献３：「光
学」第10巻第２号（1981年４月）、105〜110頁参
照〕
従来は、このようにして作製された屈折率分布
型ロツドレンズを、所定の長さに切断し、表面を
研磨・研削した後、所定の本数を１列あるいは複
数列に配列させ、樹脂、接着剤等により固定して
屈折率分布型レンズアレイを得ていた。 The manufacturing method for such graded index plastic lenses is called a two-step copolymerization method, and in addition to the high refractive index and low refractive index monomers mentioned above, diallyl phthalate and diethylene glycol bis are used as high refractive index monomers. It is known that a similar refractive index distribution can be formed using a divinyl monomer such as allyl carbonate or a vinyl monomer such as butyl methacrylate or methyl acrylate as a low refractive index monomer. [Refer to Document 3: "Optics" Vol. 10, No. 2 (April 1981), pp. 105-110] Conventionally, the gradient index rod lens produced in this way was cut to a predetermined length. After polishing and grinding the surface, a predetermined number of lenses are arranged in one or more rows and fixed with resin, adhesive, etc. to obtain a gradient index lens array.
しかし、このような従来の作製法には、
(1) ロツドレンズを所定の長さに切断した後、１
本ずつ表面を研磨・研削していたため、莫大な
工数を要する。 However, such conventional manufacturing methods require (1) cutting the rod lens to a predetermined length;
The surface of each book was polished and ground, which required a huge amount of man-hours.
(2) 各ロツドレンズを固定するために樹脂、接着
剤等が必要である。(2) Resin, adhesive, etc. are required to fix each rod lens.
という理由から、製造コストが上昇し、期待する
ほどには安価にならないという欠点があつた。For this reason, the production cost increased and the price was not as low as expected.
本発明は、このような従来の欠点を解決し、き
わめて安価な屈折率分布型レンズアレイを実現し
得るレンズ作製法を提供することを目的とするも
のである。 It is an object of the present invention to provide a lens manufacturing method that can solve these conventional drawbacks and realize an extremely inexpensive gradient index lens array.
上記目的を達成するために、本発明のレンズ作
製法は、屈折率分布型プラスチツクロツドレンズ
を１列あるいは複数列に配列させた屈折率分布型
レンズアレイを作製するレンズ作製法において、
高屈折率モノマーを半重合させたロツドを所定の
本数所定の装置内に配列収納し、該装置内に低屈
折率モノマーを充填して重合固化させることによ
り、前記ロツド内に前記低屈折率モノマーを拡散
させると共に前記ロツド間を接合固定することを
特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the lens manufacturing method of the present invention is a lens manufacturing method for manufacturing a gradient index lens array in which gradient index plastic lenses are arranged in one or more rows.
By arranging and storing a predetermined number of semi-polymerized rods of high refractive index monomers in a predetermined device, and filling the device with low refractive index monomers and polymerizing and solidifying them, the low refractive index monomers can be added to the rods. The method is characterized in that the rods are bonded and fixed together while being diffused.
文献３に記載されているように、高屈折率モノ
マーとしてはイソフタル酸ジアリルなどのジビニ
ルモノマーが、低屈折率モノマーとしてはメチル
メタアクリレートなどのビニルモノマーが使用で
きる。 As described in Document 3, a divinyl monomer such as diallyl isophthalate can be used as a high refractive index monomer, and a vinyl monomer such as methyl methacrylate can be used as a low refractive index monomer.
また、必要に応じて文献２に記載されているよ
うに、過酸化ベンゾイルなどの重合開始剤を用い
ることもできる。 Moreover, as described in Document 2, a polymerization initiator such as benzoyl peroxide can also be used if necessary.
以下実施例に基づいて本発明を詳細に説明す
る。 The present invention will be described in detail below based on Examples.
実施例 １
市販のイソフタル酸ジアリルに過酸化ベンゾイ
ルを４重量％溶解したモノマー溶液を作つた。こ
のモノマー溶液を内径３mmにポリエチレン管に充
填し、恒温槽にいれ、80℃で90分間重合させた。Example 1 A monomer solution was prepared by dissolving 4% by weight of benzoyl peroxide in commercially available diallyl isophthalate. This monomer solution was filled into a polyethylene tube with an inner diameter of 3 mm, placed in a constant temperature bath, and polymerized at 80° C. for 90 minutes.
その後、ポリエチレン管から半重合状態のロツ
ドをとり出し、４cmの長さに切断した。この４cm
に切断したロツド５本を、第１図に示すような装
置に配列収納した。 Thereafter, the semi-polymerized rod was taken out from the polyethylene tube and cut into a length of 4 cm. This 4cm
The five rods cut into strips were arranged and stored in a device as shown in FIG.
この場合のスペーサ２は３mm厚のシリコンゴム
からなり、基板１は片側をテフロン板とし、一方
をガラス基板とした。次にこれらのテフロン板お
よびガラス基板をスペーサ２に接合し、注入口３
から、低屈折率モノマーとしてメチルメタアクリ
レートを充填した。 The spacer 2 in this case was made of silicone rubber with a thickness of 3 mm, and the substrate 1 had a Teflon plate on one side and a glass substrate on the other side. Next, these Teflon plates and glass substrates are bonded to the spacer 2, and the injection port 3 is
Then, methyl methacrylate was filled as a low refractive index monomer.
ガラス基板の方からのぞき、気泡が発生しない
ように注意しながら、この装置を80℃の恒温槽の
中に入れ、２時間反応させた。 The device was placed in a constant temperature bath at 80° C. and allowed to react for 2 hours while being careful not to generate air bubbles while looking through the glass substrate.
反応後、装置を分解し、重合固化したレンズア
レイを取り出し、3.5cmの長さに切断した後、表
面を研磨した。 After the reaction, the device was disassembled, the polymerized and solidified lens array was taken out, cut into 3.5 cm lengths, and the surface was polished.
このようにして得られたレンズアレイ及びレン
ズアレイを構成する単レンズの光学特性の結果は
以下の通りである。 The results of the optical characteristics of the lens array thus obtained and the single lens constituting the lens array are as follows.
本 数：５本
長 さ：3.5cm
解像度：４〜５本／mm
〔単レンズの特性〕
直 径：３mm
N0（中心の屈折率）：1.570
Ａ（屈折率の勾配定数）：0.015mm-2
Δn（中心と外周との屈折率との差）：0.026
周 期：51.5mm
また、上記単レンズの５本からなるレンズアレ
イを、５文字からなる原稿に対してレンズアレイ
の一方の端面からＡなる距離を隔てて、原稿の５
文字と配列された５本の単レンズの端面とが対向
するように配置し、レンズアレイの他方の端面か
らＡなる距離を隔てた位置に、５文字からなる原
稿の投影像を結像させたところ、原稿の５文字と
形状が殆ど同じである正立等倍結像が得られた。
Number of lines: 5 Length: 3.5cm Resolution: 4-5 lines/mm [Single lens characteristics] Diameter: 3mm N 0 (center refractive index): 1.570 A (refractive index gradient constant): 0.015mm - 2 Δn (difference in refractive index between the center and the outer periphery): 0.026 Period: 51.5mm In addition, a lens array consisting of five single lenses mentioned above is applied from one end surface of the lens array to a document consisting of five characters. 5 of the manuscript at a distance of A
The letters and the end surfaces of the five single lenses arranged in the array were arranged so as to face each other, and a projected image of the original consisting of five letters was formed at a position separated by a distance A from the other end surface of the lens array. However, an erect, same-size image with almost the same shape as the five characters on the original was obtained.
このように、上記レンズアレイの性能は、従来
の市販されているガラス製のロツドレンズを用い
た屈折率分布型レンズアレイと較べて同等のレン
ズ機能を有するものであつた。 As described above, the performance of the above-mentioned lens array was equivalent to that of a conventional gradient index lens array using glass rod lenses that are commercially available.
また、メチルメタアクリレートによる接合強度
も充分であつた。 Furthermore, the bonding strength due to methyl methacrylate was also sufficient.
以上述べたように、本発明によれば、従来のよ
うに各ロツドを接合するための樹脂や接着剤を必
要とせず、また各ロツドを接合した状態で切断、
研摩するだけで良いため、従来に比べて大巾に工
数が低減できるものであり、きわめて低価格の屈
折率分布型レンズアレイを実現し得るものであ
る。 As described above, according to the present invention, there is no need for resin or adhesive to join each rod as in the past, and the rods can be cut while being joined.
Since only polishing is required, the number of man-hours can be greatly reduced compared to conventional methods, and an extremely low-cost gradient index lens array can be realized.
なお、本発明は実施例のみに限定されるもので
はなく、他のモノマーを用いても同様の効果が得
られることは言うまでもない。またロツドの径も
実施例に限定されるものではなく、従来の１本ず
つ研磨する方法では実現できなかつたような非常
に小さな径のロツドレンズからなるレンズアレイ
も作製可能である。 It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the examples, and that similar effects can be obtained by using other monomers. Furthermore, the diameter of the rods is not limited to the embodiments, and it is also possible to produce a lens array consisting of rod lenses with extremely small diameters, which could not be achieved by the conventional method of polishing one rod at a time.
第１図は、本発明の実施例においてレンズ作製
に用いた装置の概略を示す図である。
１……基板、２……スペーサ、３……注入口、
４……半重合状態のロツド。
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an apparatus used for manufacturing a lens in an example of the present invention. 1...Substrate, 2...Spacer, 3...Injection port,
4...Rod in a semi-polymerized state.
Claims (1)
列あるいは複数列に配列させた屈折率分布型レン
ズアレイを作製するレンズ作製法において、高屈
折率モノマーを半重合させたロツドを所定の本数
所定の装置内に配列収納し、該装置内に低屈折率
モノマーを充填して重合固化させることにより、
前記ロツド内に前記低屈折率モノマーを拡散させ
ると共に前記ロツド間を接合固定することを特徴
とするレンズ作製法。1 1 graded index plastic lens
In a lens manufacturing method for manufacturing a gradient index lens array arranged in a row or multiple rows, a predetermined number of half-polymerized high refractive index monomer rods are arranged and housed in a predetermined device, and a low By filling the refractive index monomer and polymerizing and solidifying it,
A method for manufacturing a lens, comprising diffusing the low refractive index monomer into the rods and bonding and fixing the rods.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56081364A JPS57196201A (en) | 1981-05-28 | 1981-05-28 | Manufacture of lens |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56081364A JPS57196201A (en) | 1981-05-28 | 1981-05-28 | Manufacture of lens |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57196201A JPS57196201A (en) | 1982-12-02 |
| JPH0357441B2 true JPH0357441B2 (en) | 1991-09-02 |
Family
ID=13744269
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56081364A Granted JPS57196201A (en) | 1981-05-28 | 1981-05-28 | Manufacture of lens |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57196201A (en) |
-
1981
- 1981-05-28 JP JP56081364A patent/JPS57196201A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57196201A (en) | 1982-12-02 |
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