JPH035766B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a threshing device such as a combine harvester or a threshing machine.

The threshing device threshes the harvested grain culm with a handling cylinder.
Fine grains are extracted by sorting with a swing sorting device. The oscillating sorting device consists of a oscillating sorting board, a chaff sheave, a stroke rack, etc., and grains that have been sorted by specific gravity on the oscillating sorting board are further sorted by passing through the gaps between the fins of the chaff sheave.

Recently, a threshing device has been developed in which the inclination angle of the fins of the chaff sheave can be changed to change the inclination angle of the fins of the chaff sheave, that is, the gap between the fins, in response to the grain flow rate, thereby improving the sorting accuracy. ing.

In addition, in the case of a machine equipped with a processing cylinder, the quality of the threshing process is determined by the amount of secondary reductant that is returned to the processing cylinder. For this reason, in the case of a thresher equipped with a processing cylinder, it is desirable to change the fin angle according to the amount of secondary reduction.

However, if the configuration is such that the Finn angle is changed according to the secondary reduction amount, there will be a considerable time delay between when the Finn angle is changed and when the secondary reduction amount actually changes. During normal threshing, if the fin angle is adjusted too quickly, it will cause the so-called hunting phenomenon, so it is desirable to change the fin angle relatively slowly.
On the other hand, there was a conflicting demand that immediately after the start of threshing, it was desirable to quickly adjust the Huynh angle in order to quickly adjust the amount of secondary reduction to a stable threshing condition.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is configured so that the fin angle of the chaff sheave is changed and adjusted according to the amount of secondary reduction, and furthermore, the inclination angle of the fins of the chaff sheave, that is, the gap between the fins is changed. By continuously changing and adjusting from the start of threshing until the second return amount reaches a predetermined appropriate amount, the fin gap can be relatively quickly changed and adjusted, and the second return amount reaches a predetermined appropriate amount. After the threshing is done, the fin spacing is changed relatively slowly by intermittent operation, so that the amount of secondary reduction can be adjusted to an appropriate level immediately after the start of threshing, and the hunting phenomenon can be prevented during normal threshing operations. The purpose is to provide a threshing device that enables

The present invention will be described below based on drawings showing embodiments thereof.

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a harvester equipped with a threshing device according to the present invention. In the figure, 3 is a threshing device mounted on the upper part of the machine body above the traveling crawler 1, and the reaping section K is located at the front part of the machine body and is composed of a dividing rod 4, a cutting blade 2, a pulling device 7, etc. The grain culms harvested by the threshing machine 3 are sent to the threshing device 3 via upper and lower conveying devices (not shown), where they are threshed, and the threshed grains are sent to the topsacker 5.

Further, in the figure, 9 is an operation column provided in front of the driver's seat 8, and 10 is a vertical conveyance device, the end of which faces the starting end of the feed chain 12 of the grain culm pinching transfer device 11, and is located near this. is provided with a conveyance sensor 6 for detecting the feeding of grain culms to the threshing device. The grain culm conveying device 11 is composed of a feed chain 12 and a pincer rod 13, and is provided along the handling opening of the threshing device 3.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway vertical sectional view of the threshing device 3. The threshing device 3 has a handling barrel 17 having a large number of handling teeth 16, 16... mounted on a shaft in a handling chamber 15 formed in the upper part of the machine casing 14, and a handling opening parallel to the axial direction of the handling barrel 17. At the same time, a receiving net 18 is stretched in the lower part of the handling chamber 15, and furthermore, a swinging sorting device 1 is installed in the lower part of the handling chamber 15, which is substantially parallel to the axial length direction of the handling cylinder 17.
9. Furthermore, a processing chamber 50 for reprocessing the second reduction product is provided at the upper right side of the handling barrel (near the center of the machine), and within this processing chamber 50, the handling barrel 17 extends in the axial direction. A processing cylinder 51 having a large number of handling teeth 52, 52, . . . is mounted on a shaft in the same direction as the axial direction.

The oscillating sorting device 19 includes an oscillating sorting board 20 extending in an inclined manner, an angle-variable chaff sheave 21 (to be described later) provided at the lower rear of the oscillating sorting board 20, and a stroke rack 2 connected to the rear of the chaf sheave 21.
The handling cylinder 1 is constructed by swinging arms 23 and 24 that swing in conjunction with a drive source.
7 in the axial direction.

Further, below the swinging sorting device 19, there is a first grain board 2.
5 and the first grain take-out part (first mouth) 27 consisting of the first screw 26, and the second grain take-out part (second mouth) consisting of the second grain plate 28 and the second screw 29.
30 is formed.

The grains that have fallen into the first grain take-out section 27 are fed from the first screw 26 to the topsacker 5, and the grains that have fallen into the second grain take-out section 30 are sent from the second screw 29 to the second thrower cylinder 48 by the blower 47.
A processing barrel cover 53 is blown upward inward and protrudes above the processing chamber 50 of the roof plate of the threshing device 3.
They are then dropped onto a processing cylinder 51 to be re-sorted. Note that a second sensor 60, which will be described later, is provided inside the processing cylinder cover 53.

A grain sheave 32 is provided below the chaff sheave 21 in the air passage 31.
A winnowing device 33 is provided on the wind raising side. Then, the airflow from this Karakino device 33 flows through the rectifier plates 34, 35
After the air is rectified by the airflow path 31, the air is discharged to the outside of the machine from a dust exhaust port (third) 36 at the rear of the machine.

A dust suction/exhaust device 37 using an axial fan is provided at the rear and upper part of the stroke rack 22;
An upper suction cover 38 is placed above the dust suction/exhaust device 37.
In addition, a lower suction cover 39 is provided below, and the suction port 40 of the dust suction/exhaust device 37 is connected to the air path 3.
It is opened on the first side, and its air exhaust port 41 is opened toward the dust exhaust port 36.

Above the upper suction cover 38, a fourth gutter 43 is provided extending diagonally upward from both ends to form a fourth gutter 44, through which the prickly grains taken out from the threshed rod, that is, the straw, are collected. The stroke rack 22 is configured to be returned upward.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the fin angle changing operation panel of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view from the front left side of the angle-variable chaff sheave 21 shown together with a side sectional view taken along the - line. be. The chaff sheave 21 is a rectangular frame member, and between left and right long frame members 21l and 21r extending in the front-rear direction of the fuselage, there are a number of fins 21b bent forward and extending in the left-right direction of the fuselage, with the lower sides being approximately at right angles. ,21b...
is passed, and the rotation shafts 21c, 21c... fixed to both ends of each bent part are connected to the long frame members 21l, 21 on both sides.
It is rotatably supported by r. Each fin 21b
The left end of the shaft portion 21c is connected to the left long frame member 21l.
It protrudes through the left side. Left long frame material 21
The connecting arm 21d is connected to the long frame member 21l on the left side of l.
A connecting piece 21h, which is fixed to the left end of the rotating shafts 21c, 21c, whose lower side protrudes to the left of the connecting arm 21d, is provided in parallel with the connecting arm 21d. The upper end of 21h... is rotatably attached.

The rear end of the connecting arm 21d is connected to the left long frame member 2.
It is attached to the front end of a tension spring 21g whose rear end is attached to the rear part of the spring 1a. The front end of the connecting arm 21d is inserted from the opening side of the connecting member 21f, which is U-shaped in plan view, and is pivotally supported.
One end of an inner wire 72a of the push-pull wire 72 is fixed to the other curved portion.

At a position slightly closer to the front than the tip of the connecting arm 21d of the left long frame member 21l, there is an L-shaped push-pull wire support member 21i in plan view, with one piece thereof protruding in a direction perpendicular to the long frame member 21l. One end of the outer wire 72b of the push-pull wire 72 is fixed to the projecting piece of the support member 21i.

The fin angle operation panel 70 is provided on the side of the driver's seat 8 (see Fig. 1), and the automatic changeover switch 80
When set to the manual side, the fin angle can be changed and adjusted using the operating lever 71, and when the automatic changeover switch 80 is set to the automatic side, automatic adjustment is possible using the control circuit (see Fig. 7) described later. It is.

A U-shaped frame 77 is fixed to the inside of the outer panel of the fuselage on the left side of the driver's seat, with its opening direction facing upward and its longitudinal direction facing forward and backward of the fuselage. A panel 79 is attached to the outer part of the body outer panel to which the frame 77 is attached, and a long hole is formed along the longitudinal direction of the opening of the frame 77.

A rotating shaft 75 is mounted on a portion near the upper end of the frame 77 along its longitudinal direction, and a spiral feeding member 76 is integrally attached to the rotating shaft 75 at both ends and at appropriate intermediate portions. is fixed to. The rear end of the rotating shaft 75 projects outward from the frame 77, and a gear box 74 is provided on this projecting part. The output shaft of a motor 73 is connected to the gearbox 74, which is fixed to the outside of the rear end of the frame 77 with the output shaft facing upward, and the driving force of the motor 73 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 75 by a worm gear. This allows the feeding member 76 to rotate.

At the bottom of the frame 77, the base end of a substantially U-shaped operation lever 71 is pivoted so as to be rotatable in the front and back directions while allowing some movement in the left and right directions, and its tip end is attached to a panel. It protrudes from the long hole 79.
Further, the operating lever 71 is biased toward the rotating shaft 75 by an appropriate method (not shown), and the feeding member 7
It is adapted to be engaged and locked between the spirals of No. 6.
Further, the other end of the inner wire 72a of the push-pull wire 72 is attached to a portion near the base end of the operation lever 71, and the other end of the outer wire 72b is fixed to the front end of the frame 77.

Therefore, when the motor 73 is driven and the feeding member 76 rotates, the operating lever 71 is sent into the spiral of the feeding member 76 and rotates in the longitudinal direction of the machine, and the operating lever 71 is pushed to the left by the operator's hand. It is also possible to remove the engagement with the feed member 76 and manually rotate it. In this way, when the operating lever 71 is rotated manually or by forward (or reverse) rotation of the motor 73 in the direction shown by the solid line (or broken line) in FIG. 4, the inner wire 72a is pressed (or pulled). The connecting member 21f is the tension spring 2
The connecting arm 21d moves backward (or forward) with the help of (or against) a tensile force of 1 g, and connects the upper side of each connecting piece 21h, 21h... moves rearward (or forward), and each rotation shaft 21c, 21c... fixed to the lower side of each connection piece 21h, 21h... moves clockwise (or The fins 21b, 21b, . . . similarly rotate clockwise (or counterclockwise) and tilt (or stand up). The motor 73 is driven in forward and reverse directions based on the detection result of the second sensor 60, as will be described later.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the second sensor 60, and FIG. 6 is an elevational view thereof.

A rotary potentiometer 61 is installed on the inside of the right side plate of the processing cylinder cover 53, with its detection axis oriented in the left-right direction of the machine, that is, perpendicular to the feeding direction of the second reductant. A rotating shaft 64 of a detection plate 62 is connected to the detection shaft via a joint 63, and the detection plate 62 is attached in a hanging state.

In addition, on the top surface of the processing cylinder cover 53 slightly toward the rear of the machine (upstream in the flow direction of the second material) from the mounting position of the potentiometer 61, there is a protection whose width dimension is approximately equal to the inner width of the processing cylinder cover 53. The base end of the plate 67 is fixed. The middle portion of the protection plate 67 extends in the direction of the detection plate 62 in the form of a slope, and the tip portion is substantially parallel to the top surface of the processing cylinder cover 53. A tension spring 66 is stretched between the approximate center of the intermediate portion of the protection plate 67 and the upper end of the detection plate 62 near the rotation axis. Further, on the top surface of the tip of the protection plate 67, there is a position where the operating rod is pressed by the detection plate 62 and operates when the detection plate 62 is pulled slightly toward the rear of the aircraft body by the tension spring 66 compared to when the detection plate 62 hangs vertically. A limit switch 65 is provided at the
This is to protect the limit switch 65, etc. from the collision pressure of the second reducing product, etc.).

Therefore, when the second reduced product is blown up into the processing cylinder cover 53 by the blower 47, the detection plate 62 is rotated toward the front of the machine (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 5) due to the collision pressure of the second reduced product, and the amount of rotation is That is, the second reduction amount is detected by the potentiometer 61. In addition, if the flow path of the second reduced product is clogged, the second reduced product will not be fed and the wind pressure will decrease. ), and the limit switch 65 is activated to detect this. ).

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the control system of the device of the present invention.
In the figure, 90 is a control device using a microcomputer, and includes an input/output interface 92,
Consists of CPU91, RAM93, ROM94, etc., and input/output interface 92 has input ports.
A ₁ to _{a 5} and output ports b ₁ to _{b 3} are provided.

The output signal Vs of the potentiometer 61 of the second sensor 60 is given to the input port _a1 via the A/D converter 68, and the control device 90 is given the input value of the input port _a1 in advance. Upper limit setting value
Output port b ₁ so that it is between Vh and lower limit value Vl
Alternatively, a high level signal is output from _b2 to adjust each fin as described later.

A predetermined voltage Vc.c. (high level) is applied to each of the input ports a ₂ , a ₃ , a ₄ , and a ₅ , and the limit switch 65 of the second sensor 60 is activated and its normally open contact 65a is closed. Then, the input port _a2 becomes low level, and the conveyance sensor 6 detects the grain culm threshing device 3.
When the normally open contact 6a closes upon detecting the supply to the input port A3, the input port _A3 becomes low level, and when the automatic changeover switch 80 provided on the Finn angle operation panel 70 is turned on to the automatic side, the input port A3 becomes low level. ₄ becomes low level, and when the threshing switch 85 is turned on, input port _A5 becomes low level.

The positive terminal of the battery 81 is connected to one end of the key switch 82, and the negative terminal is grounded to the body. The other end of the key switch 82 is connected to the collector terminal of a switch transistor 83 via a warning light 84, the emitter terminal of the switch transistor 83 is grounded to the body, and its base terminal is connected to the output port _b3 .

The other end of the key switch 82 is connected to one end of a normally closed contact 97b of an electromagnetic relay 97 and one end of a coil 97C. The other end of the normally closed contact 97b is connected to one end of the normally open contact 97a and one terminal of the motor 73, and the other end of the normally open contact 97a is grounded to the body. The other end of the coil 97C is connected to the emitter terminal of a switch transistor 95 whose base terminal is connected to the output port _b1 and whose emitter terminal is body grounded.

The other end of the key switch 82 is also connected to one end of a normally closed contact 98b of an electromagnetic relay 98 and one end of a coil 98C. The other end of the normally closed contact 98b is connected to one end of the normally open contact 98a and the other terminal of the motor 73, and the other end of the normally open contact 98a is grounded to the body. The other end of the coil 98C is connected to the collector terminal of a switch transistor 96 whose base terminal is connected to the output port _b2 and whose emitter terminal is body grounded.

Both electromagnetic relays 97 and 98 have their coils 97
When C (or 98C) is energized, its normally open contact 9
7a (or 98a) and at the same time opens its normally closed contact 97b (or 98b),
When the coil 97C (or 98C) is excited and its normally open contact 97a (or 98a) is closed and the normally closed contact 97b (or 98b) is opened, the circuit is closed from the closed normally closed contact 98b (or 97b) side. Current flows through the motor 73 to the normally open contact 97a (or 98a), thereby driving the motor 73 in forward (or reverse) rotation.

Therefore, when the output port b ₁ (or b ₂ ) becomes high level, the switch transistor 95 (or 96)
becomes conductive and coil 97C (or 98C)
is excited, and the motor 73 is driven in forward (or reverse) rotation. Further, when the output port _b3 becomes high level, the switch transistor 83 becomes conductive, and the warning light 84 lights up.

Note that the power supply terminal _a0 of the control device 90 is connected to the other end of the key switch 82;
Power is supplied to the control device 90 by the closed circuit.

The operation of the apparatus of the present invention configured as described above will be explained below.

When adjusting the fin angle manually, set the automatic changeover switch 80 to the manual side, manually push the operating lever 71 toward the left side of the machine to disengage it from the feed member 76, and set the "low speed" on the panel 79. (or "high speed"), that is, the direction shown by the solid line (or broken line) with an arrow in FIG. 4, the inner wire 72a is pressed (or pulled). The connecting arm 21d moves in the rearward (or forward) direction of the fuselage, and the rotation axis 2 of each fin 21b
1c rotates clockwise (or counterclockwise) when viewed from the left side of the fuselage, and each fin 21b tilts (or stands up). As a result, the gap between each fin 21b becomes small (or large), the amount of secondary reduction increases (or decreases), and the sorting is performed at a lower speed (or higher speed).

When the automatic switch 80 is turned to the automatic side, the fin angle is automatically adjusted, and the processing contents of the control device 90 in this case will be explained below with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 8.

When a predetermined period of time has elapsed after the threshing switch 85 is turned on, it is determined whether the limit switch 65 is turned on or off, that is, whether or not the second grain removal section 30, the second thrower cylinder 48, etc. are clogged. If a blockage occurs, the limit switch 65 is activated and its normally open contact 65a is closed, so the input port _A4 becomes low level, and the control circuit 90 issues a high level signal from the output port _B3 to issue an alarm. The light 84 is turned on. In this case, threshing switch 85
When the warning light 84 is turned off, the warning light 84 is turned off.

Next, the state of the automatic changeover switch 80 is checked, and at this stage it is checked whether the automatic changeover switch 80 is turned to the automatic side.
Even in the case of manual control, it is possible to warn of clogging in the second order. When the automatic changeover switch 80 is turned to the automatic side, the input port _a4 becomes low level, so the control device 90 detects this and then resets the dead zone flag. When the harvesting operation is started, the reaping section K separates the grain culms using the dividing rods 4, raises them with the pulling device 7, and reaps them with the cutting blade 2, and the harvested grain culms are separated from the upper part (not shown) and the cutting blade 2. The grain is fed to the grain culm pinching transfer device 11 of the threshing device 3 via the lower conveyance device and further the vertical conveyance device 10, and when this is detected by the conveyance sensor 6, its normally open contact 6
a is closed and input port _a3 becomes low level,
The control device 90 detects that the feeding of grain culms to the threshing device 3 has started.

When the feeding of grain culms to the threshing section is started in this way, the control device 90 emits a high level signal from the output port b ₂ to close the coil 98C of the electromagnetic relay 98.
is energized to close the normally open contact 98a, and the normally closed contact 98
Open circuit b. As a result, the normally closed contact 97b of the electromagnetic relay 97 is connected to the electromagnetic relay 98 via the motor 73.
Since current flows through the normally open contact 98a of the motor 7
Step 3 is reversed and the operating lever 71 is moved to the rear limit of the fuselage (in the direction indicated by the dashed arrow in Fig. 4), and each fin 21b, 21b... is raised to the maximum extent to minimize the gap between the fins, and this state is reached. continues for a predetermined period of time.

After maintaining the gap between the fins to the minimum for this predetermined period of time, the conveyance sensor 6 is turned on and off again, that is, whether or not the grain culm is being fed to the threshing device 3 is checked, and the grain culm is fed. If not, that is, if the harvesting work is temporarily interrupted or finished, the fin gap is minimized again for a predetermined period of time, and then the process returns to the initial stage of automatic adjustment, that is, the stage of checking whether the threshing switch is on or off. . On the other hand, if the grain culm is still being fed to the threshing section, that is, if the harvesting work is continuing, the set state of the dead zone flag is checked, and if it is in the reset state, that is, the automatic adjustment is performed. Immediately after the start, the fin angle is adjusted by continuous driving of the motor 73, and if the dead zone flag is in the set state, once the second reduction amount is adjusted to the appropriate amount, the motor 73 is driven intermittently in a pulsed manner. The fin angle is adjusted by

That is, if the dead zone flag immediately after the start of automatic adjustment is in the reset state and the output Vs of the second sensor 60 is larger than the set upper limit value Vh (or smaller than the lower limit value Vl), the control device 90 outputs the output port b. ₂ (or
b ₁ ) continuously outputs a high level signal to activate the coil 98C (or 9) of the electromagnetic relay 98 (or 97).
7C) is continuously excited. For this reason, the normally open contact 9
Since 8a (or 97a) is continuously closed,
Current flows continuously from the normally closed contact 97b (or 98b) of the electromagnetic relay 97 (or 98) to the normally open contact 98a of the electromagnetic relay 98 (or 97) via the motor 73. is continuously driven in reverse (or forward) to operate the operating lever 71.
is rotated relatively quickly toward the rear (or front) of the fuselage, and each fin 21b, 21b... is relatively quickly raised (or tilted) to increase (or decrease) the gap between the fins. As a result, the second reduction amount becomes small (or large) relatively quickly, and eventually the second sensor 60
When the value of the output signal Vs becomes between the set upper limit value Vh and the lower limit value Vl, the high level signal output from the output port b ₂ (or b ₁ ) is stopped.

In this way, the first adjustment of the fin angle after the start of automatic adjustment is performed, and after reaching the appropriate second reduction amount,
The dead flag is set, and then the states of the limit switch 65, automatic switch 80, threshing switch 85, conveyance sensor 6, etc. are checked, and if there is no change in any of them, normal adjustments are made thereafter.

That is, since the dead zone flag is in the set state, if the output of the second sensor 60 is larger than the set upper limit value Vh (or smaller than the lower limit value Vl),
After a delay of a predetermined time, the control device 90 outputs the output port b ₂
(or b ₁ ) intermittently outputs a high-level signal in the form of a pulse, and intermittently excites the coil 98C (or 97C) of the electromagnetic relay 98 (or 97). Therefore, the normally open contact 98a (or 97a) is intermittently closed, so the electromagnetic relay 98 (or Current flows intermittently to the normally open contact 98a (or 97a) of 97), and the motor 73 is intermittently driven in reverse (or forward) to move the operating lever 71 toward the rear (or front) of the fuselage. The fins 21b, 21b, . . . are rotated slowly and erected (or tilted) relatively slowly to increase (or decrease) the gap between the fins. As a result, the second reduction amount becomes smaller (or larger) relatively slowly, and eventually the output signal of the second sensor 60
When the value of Vs falls between the set upper limit value Vh and lower limit value Vl, high level signal output from the output port b ₂ (or b ₁ ) is stopped.

Thereafter, while the grain culm continues to be fed to the threshing device 3, that is, while the normally open contact 6a of the conveyance sensor 6 continues to be closed and the input port _a3 is at a low level, the pulse of the motor 73 is By intermittent driving of the fin angle, the fin angle is adjusted relatively slowly.

As detailed above, the threshing device according to the present invention is a threshing device that sorts grains threshed by a handling drum using a chaff sheave whose fin angle can be changed, and in which the fin angle is adjusted to the second reduction amount. The change in the fin angle is made to occur continuously from the start of threshing until the second reduction amount reaches a predetermined amount, and thereafter intermittently. Because of this, the proper amount of reduction is quickly achieved immediately after the start of threshing, so the threshing process at the start of work is immediately stabilized, and during normal threshing work, it is possible to prevent the hunting phenomenon of fin angle adjustment, making it more appropriate and Stable threshing work becomes possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention.
The figure is an external perspective view of a harvester equipped with the device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway vertical cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the fin angle operation panel, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the chaf sheave shown together with a side view of the fin angle operation panel.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the second sensor, Fig. 6 is its elevation view, Fig. 7 is an open circuit diagram of the control system of the device of the present invention, and Fig. 8 is a side view of the second sensor.
The figure is a flowchart showing the control processing contents of the control device. 3... Threshing device, 17... Handling cylinder, 21... Chaff sheave, 21b, 21b... Fin, 30... No. 2 reduced material removal section, 60... No. 5 sensor, 90... Control device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a threshing device that sorts grains threshed by a handling drum using a chaff sieve whose fin angle can be changed, the fin angle is automatically adjusted according to the amount of reduction, and when threshing starts. A threshing device characterized in that the fin angle is continuously changed from 1 to 2 until the second reduction amount reaches a predetermined amount, and thereafter the change is made intermittently.