JPH035819B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a dome for a negative pressure respirator used mainly for patients with chronic respiratory failure.

[Prior art]

Negative pressure ventilators that support physiological negative pressure breathing are useful for providing respiratory support to patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency caused by pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema, sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis, etc., and neuromuscular diseases.

However, conventional negative pressure ventilators are large and heavy, like iron lungs, and
Even with an armor-shaped dome, because each patient's body shape is different, air may leak through the gap between the dome and the patient's body surface, making it impossible to obtain sufficient negative pressure.
Problems included the fact that it took too long to exhaust the air inside the dome and reach the negative pressure necessary to support breathing. In order to prevent air leakage from the periphery of the dome, methods such as wearing a jacket over the dome, attaching a rubber tube around the dome, or wrapping a wrap around the gap have been devised. None of these methods were satisfactory, as they were not sufficiently effective in preventing leakage, and the expansion and contraction of the jacket, tube, etc. took a long time to reach the necessary negative pressure.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention is an armored dome type negative pressure ventilator that has conventionally had problems with the dome's airtightness and other structures. The purpose is to provide an armor-shaped dome that can eliminate the

[Structure of the invention]

That is, the present invention provides a dome in which an air-tight air seal portion is formed on the peripheral edge of a dome body made of a hard material and having an opening for connecting to a duct, the air seal portion being made of a soft metallic material. A donut-shaped shape-fitting part made of plastic and having notches at intervals of 1 to 15 cm from the outside to the inside is attached to the periphery of the dome body, and at least the periphery of the dome body including the shape-fitting part is covered with a cushion material. This is a dome for a respirator, characterized in that the dome is formed.

The dome of the present invention has an external shape as shown in FIG. 1, and is attached to the patient's chest like armor as shown in FIG. It inflates to assist breathing, and it needs to have a size and shape that covers at least the anterior chest, and more preferably a shape that covers the abdomen and side chest and abdomen. In addition, it covers the front and both sides of the body, and the back is not covered with a dome and can be attached with bands 7 and 8 made of rubber or leather, as shown in Figure 2, for convenience when sleeping. It is easy to use and suitable.

The material of the dome body 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is a hard material that does not deform even when negative pressure or positive pressure is applied during use, but light metals such as aluminum alloy, hard vinyl chloride resin, methacrylic resin, etc.
Thermoplastics such as polycarbonate resin and polyamide resin, thermosetting plastic laminates such as phenol resin, epoxy resin, and unsaturated polyester resin, reinforced plastic FRP, and carbon fiber reinforced plastic CFRP have high strength and are relatively durable. A light material is desirable.

The dome of the present invention needs to maintain a negative pressure inside the dome at least during the inhalation time. It must be shaped to match the contours of the body to prevent air leakage. Therefore, an air seal portion 3 having airtightness as shown in FIG. 1 is attached to the peripheral edge of the dome body 2. As shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, this air seal part 3 is made of a soft metallic material and has a donut-shaped conforming part 4 with cuts at intervals of 1 to 15 cm from the outside to the inside. Attach to the periphery of the This alone does not adhere to the patient's body surface and cannot prevent air leakage, so the fourth
As shown in the figure, the peripheral edge of the dome body 2, including at least the shape-adapting portion 4, is covered with a cushion material 5 to facilitate close contact with the body surface and provide airtightness.

Relatively soft metal materials such as soft aluminum or its alloys, lead alloys, and tin alloys are suitable as materials for forming the shape conforming portion 4, but in addition, these metal materials and synthetic resin sheets may be used. Laminated composite materials can also be used. 1 to 1 on the outer periphery of the shape conforming portion 4 attached to the dome body 2.
Since the notches are made at 15 cm intervals, the material is soft and can be deformed by the force of the hands, making it easy to adapt to the patient's body shape.

As the material of the cushion material 5, it is preferable to use a soft foam such as rubber sponge, foamed polyurethane, or foamed vinyl chloride resin. The thickness of the cushion material 5 is increased to 10 to 50 mm in the portion of the air seal portion 3 that is inside the dome and comes into contact with the body surface.
It is preferable to have a thickness of about mm, and other parts may be as thin as 10 mm or less. Of course, there is no problem in covering the entire dome with a thin cushion material, which is preferable from the viewpoint of making the entire dome soft to the touch.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, on the cushion material 5,
If a coating film 6 made of a soft airtight material such as polyurethane resin, soft vinyl chloride resin, or synthetic rubber is applied, more sufficient air sealing can be achieved. Of course, this coating film 6 may be provided not only on the upper layer of the cushion material 5 but also on the entire dome.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The dome of the present invention fits the patient's body shape and the irregularities of the body surface, and can be installed so that there is no gap between the body surface and the dome periphery, unlike conventional domes. In addition, it is possible to provide a dome that can be immediately adapted to any patient, rather than a custom-made dome that is made to suit each patient's body shape. Furthermore, although the air seal part, which has a core made of soft metallic material, can be freely deformed with manual force, it will not deform under the negative pressure of a negative pressure respirator, and will quickly release negative pressure inside the dome. Therefore, it is extremely excellent in the medical industry because it can provide effective respiratory support that has never been available before.

〔Example〕

The dome body was made of FRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic), and a shape conforming part 4 made of a soft aluminum plate was attached to the periphery of the dome body. Furthermore, the part of the air seal part 3 that comes into contact with the body surface is
20 mm, thickened in a wedge shape towards the inside of the dome to a maximum of 60 mm, and the rest of the dome is covered with foamed urethane to a thickness of 5 mm, and then the whole is dipped in a polyurethane resin solution to form a coating layer. A dome as shown in FIG. 1 was obtained. As shown in Figure 2, this dome is placed on the front chest of a patient with chronic respiratory failure by passing both arms through the band 7, with both ends along the side chest, and the air seal portion 3 is expanded or pressed with the patient's hands. After fitting it to the person's body, the band 8 on the back was tightened to complete the air seal. By doing this, the air seal portion 3 is in close contact with the body, preventing air from leaking, and the dome body 2
The inside of the dome was completely sealed, leaving some space for the ribcage to move.

Here, the opening 1 at the top of the dome body 2
is connected to the negative pressure ventilator body, negative pressure - flat pressure,
Alternatively, by repeatedly applying negative pressure, flat pressure, and positive pressure, it was possible to move the patient's chest and provide effective respiratory support.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the appearance and shape of a dome according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a is a side view and b is a top view. FIG. 2 is a view from the back of the patient wearing the dome of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a state in which the shape-adapting part of the present invention is attached to the peripheral edge of the dome main body, where a is a side view and b is a side view.
is a top view. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a dome according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the configuration of an air seal portion.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A dome that is made of a hard material and has an opening for connecting to a duct, and has an airtight air seal part formed on the periphery of the dome body, and the air seal part is made of a soft metallic material and has an opening for connecting to a duct. It is formed by attaching a donut-shaped shape-conforming part with inward cuts at intervals of 1 to 15 cm to the periphery of the dome body, and covering at least the periphery of the dome body, including the shape-conforming part, with a cushion material. A dome for a respirator, which is characterized by: