JPH0362750B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0362750B2 JPH0362750B2 JP58014753A JP1475383A JPH0362750B2 JP H0362750 B2 JPH0362750 B2 JP H0362750B2 JP 58014753 A JP58014753 A JP 58014753A JP 1475383 A JP1475383 A JP 1475383A JP H0362750 B2 JPH0362750 B2 JP H0362750B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water glass
- silicic acid
- aqueous solution
- ground
- acid aqueous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Description
本発明は水ガラス用いた地盤注入工法に係り、
詳細には前記水ガラスの反応剤として水ガラスと
酸を混合して得られる非アルカリ性珪酸水溶液を
用いる地盤注入工法に関する。
従来、水ガラスに反応剤を加え、該水ガラスを
ゲル化せしめて地盤を固結する地盤注入工法にお
いて、前記水ガラスの反応剤として、酸、塩、エ
ステルあるいはグリオキザール等が用いられて来
た。このうち、エステルやグリオキザールのよう
な有機系反応剤ではゲル化時間の調整が容易で、
ゲル化時間が長く、かつ高強度をうる水ガラスグ
ラウトの調製を可能にするが、地盤汚染の問題を
起こす。
それに対し、酸や塩のような無機系反応剤では
地盤汚染の問題（CODやBODの問題）は生じな
いが、わずかの添加量のちがいで全く固結しなか
つたり等、ゲル化時間の調整が困難であり、かつ
強度が低いという問題が生じる。
本発明の目的は水ガラスの反応剤として非アル
カリ性珪酸水溶液を用いることにより水ガラスの
ゲル化がゆるやかとなり、かつそのゲル化物が高
強度を呈する地盤注入工法を提供することにあ
る。
前述の目的を達成するため、本発明によれば、
水ガラスと反応剤を混合してアルカリ領域のPH値
に調整された注入材を地盤中に注入して固結する
地盤注入工法において、前記反応剤として水ガラ
スと酸を混合して得られた中性ないしは酸性の珪
酸水溶液を用いることにより注入材のゲル化時間
の調整を容易にすることを特徴とし、さらに前記
水ガラスおよび前記反応剤としての珪酸水溶液の
うち少なくとも一方には一価または多価の電解質
を含有することを特徴とする。
以下、本発明を実験例により具体的に詳述す
る。
（実験−１）
３号水ガラス水溶液の反応剤として硫酸を用
い、水ガラス濃度−硫酸濃度−ゲル化時間の関係
を実験によつて得た。実験結果を第１図に示す。
これにより、硫酸を反応剤とした場合、硫酸量
のわずかのちがいにより瞬結になつたり逆に全く
ゲル化しなかつたりする現象が生じ、また、ゲル
化時間のコントロールが殆んど不可能である事が
判る。このため現場における配合操作或は注入操
作のばらつきにより注入したグラウトが固結しな
かつたり或いは瞬結になつたりして浸透しなかつ
たりするきけんがある事が判る。
（実験−２）
希硫酸中にモル比が3.6の水ガラスを加えて酸
性珪酸水溶液をつくつた。
この場合、100c.c.の酸性珪酸水溶液をつくるの
に使用した水ガラス量は40c.c.、97％硫酸は3.5c.c.
で、えられた酸性珪酸水溶液のPH値は3.0であつ
た。
３号水ガラス水溶液をゲル化させるために上記
の酸性珪酸水溶液を加えて水ガラス濃度−SiO2
濃度−ゲル化時間の関係を実験によつて得た。実
験結果を第２図に示す。
ただし、ここでSiO2濃度とは、上記酸性珪酸
水溶液に起因するSiO2の濃度を云う。
これにより、酸性珪酸水溶液を反応剤として使
用した場合、広範囲にゲル化時間をコントロール
できることがわかる。
従つて、現場において少しぐらいの注入操作や
配合操作にばらつきがあつても容易に所定をゲル
化時間のグラウトを得ることが出来る事がわか
る。
（実験−３）
実験−２に述べた方法に準じて希硫酸水溶液中
にモル比3.6の水ガラスを加えて種々のPH値の中
性〜酸性の珪酸水溶液をつくつた。
この珪酸水溶液を反応剤として用いて３号水ガ
ラス水溶液をゲル化させ、この珪酸水溶液に起因
するSiO2の濃度とゲル化時間の関係を試験し、
その結果を第３図に示した。この場合、３号水ガ
ラス濃度は0.53mol／とした。この結果より珪
酸水溶液のPH値が低くなる程、ゲル化時間の曲線
が急になり、PH値が高くなる程ゲル化時間の曲線
がゆるやかになる事が判る。
又、PH値が低くても第１図に比べたらゲル化時
間のコントロールがきわめて容易である事も判
る。
以上実験−１、２、３において、いずれもゲル
化はPH値が10.5以上のアルカリ領域において行な
われた。
このように、本発明によればアルカリ領域にお
ける水ガラスのゲル化を無機系の反応剤を用いて
自由にコントロールする事が出来る。従来ではこ
のような事は有機系の反応剤を用いてはじめて可
能であり、無機系反応剤では不可能であつた。
次に強度試験の例を示す。
（実験−４）
第１図、第２図および第３図におけるＸ点にて
示したようにゲル化時間がほぼ10分付近にある配
合を用いて固結標準砂の一日養生後の一軸圧縮試
験を行なつた。
その結果を表−１に示す。
The present invention relates to a ground injection method using water glass,
Specifically, the present invention relates to a ground injection method using a non-alkaline silicic acid aqueous solution obtained by mixing water glass and an acid as a reactant for the water glass. Conventionally, in the ground injection method in which a reactive agent is added to water glass and the water glass is gelled to solidify the ground, acids, salts, esters, glyoxal, etc. have been used as the reactive agent for the water glass. . Among these, it is easy to adjust the gelation time with organic reactants such as esters and glyoxal.
Although it allows the preparation of water glass grout with a long gelation time and high strength, it causes the problem of soil contamination. On the other hand, inorganic reactants such as acids and salts do not cause ground contamination problems (COD and BOD problems), but slight differences in the amount added may result in no solidification at all, and adjustments in gelation time can be difficult. However, the problem arises that it is difficult and the strength is low. An object of the present invention is to provide a ground injection method in which water glass is slowly gelled by using a non-alkaline silicic acid aqueous solution as a reactant for water glass, and the gelled product exhibits high strength. In order to achieve the aforementioned object, according to the present invention:
In the ground injection method, which mixes water glass and a reactive agent and adjusts the PH value to an alkaline pH value into the ground, the material is injected into the ground and solidified. The gelation time of the injection material can be easily adjusted by using a neutral or acidic silicic acid aqueous solution, and furthermore, at least one of the water glass and the silicic acid aqueous solution as the reactant is monovalent or polyhydric. It is characterized by containing a valent electrolyte. Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained in detail using experimental examples. (Experiment-1) Using sulfuric acid as a reactant in a No. 3 water glass aqueous solution, the relationship between water glass concentration - sulfuric acid concentration - gelation time was obtained through an experiment. The experimental results are shown in Figure 1. As a result, when sulfuric acid is used as a reactant, slight differences in the amount of sulfuric acid can cause instant setting or no gelation at all, and it is almost impossible to control the gelation time. I understand what happened. Therefore, it can be seen that due to variations in the blending or injection operations at the site, the injected grout may not solidify, or it may set instantaneously and not penetrate. (Experiment-2) Water glass with a molar ratio of 3.6 was added to dilute sulfuric acid to create an acidic silicic acid aqueous solution. In this case, the amount of water glass used to make 100 c.c. of acidic silicic acid aqueous solution was 40 c.c., and the amount of 97% sulfuric acid was 3.5 cc.
The pH value of the acidic silicic acid aqueous solution obtained was 3.0. In order to gel the No. 3 water glass aqueous solution, add the above acidic silicic acid aqueous solution to reduce the water glass concentration - SiO 2
The concentration-gelling time relationship was obtained experimentally. The experimental results are shown in Figure 2. However, the SiO 2 concentration here refers to the concentration of SiO 2 resulting from the acidic silicic acid aqueous solution. This shows that when an acidic silicic acid aqueous solution is used as a reactant, the gelation time can be controlled over a wide range. Therefore, it can be seen that it is possible to easily obtain a grout with a predetermined gelling time even if there is slight variation in the injection operation or blending operation at the site. (Experiment 3) According to the method described in Experiment 2, water glass at a molar ratio of 3.6 was added to a dilute sulfuric acid aqueous solution to prepare neutral to acidic silicic acid aqueous solutions with various pH values. Using this silicic acid aqueous solution as a reactant, a No. 3 water glass aqueous solution was gelled, and the relationship between the concentration of SiO 2 caused by this silicic acid aqueous solution and gelation time was tested.
The results are shown in Figure 3. In this case, the No. 3 water glass concentration was 0.53 mol/. These results show that the lower the pH value of the silicic acid aqueous solution, the steeper the gelation time curve, and the higher the pH value, the gentler the gelation time curve. Furthermore, it can be seen that even when the pH value is low, it is extremely easy to control the gelation time compared to Fig. 1. In all of the above experiments 1, 2, and 3, gelation was performed in an alkaline region with a PH value of 10.5 or higher. As described above, according to the present invention, gelation of water glass in an alkaline region can be freely controlled using an inorganic reactant. Conventionally, this was only possible using organic reactants, and was not possible with inorganic reactants. Next, an example of a strength test is shown. (Experiment-4) As shown by the X point in Figures 1, 2, and 3, using a formulation with a gelation time of approximately 10 minutes, the solidified standard sand was uniaxially cured for one day. A compression test was conducted. The results are shown in Table-1.
【表】
表−１より水ガラスに硫酸を反応剤として用い
た場合に比べ水ガラスと硫酸を混合して水ガラス
中のアルカリを除去してえられた酸性−中性の珪
酸水溶液をつくりこの珪酸水溶液を反応剤として
水ガラスをゲル化せしめた場合の方が強度が大幅
に大きい事が判る。
これは反応剤としての珪酸がそれ自体水ガラス
のゲル化に際して強度を付与し、かつ水ガラスの
ゲル化の際にゲルをつくる構造中に加わつて構造
的な強度をゲルに与えるものと思われる。
なお、上記において、１価或は多価金属の電解
質物質、例えばアルカリ金属塩、多価金属塩或は
これらの酸化物又は水酸化物を併用するとゲル化
時間の調整に役立つ。特にこれらの金属イオンは
アルカリ領域にある水ガラス水溶液中では比較的
短時間に珪酸と反応するが、酸性〜中性領域では
直ちに珪酸と反応する事なく反応しても比較的ゆ
るやかに反応するため、これらの金属イオンを上
記酸性〜中性の珪酸水溶液中に混合しておいて水
ガラスと反応させると、ゲル化促進剤として効果
的に作用するのみならず、珪酸のゲル化を助長さ
せたり、不溶性珪酸を形成させたりして強度増加
に効果を及ぼす。勿論、これらの金属イオンは水
ガラス水溶液側に少量混入しておいてもよい。
（実験−５）
反応剤として、表−２に示す金属イオンを生ず
る各種物質（添加剤）を加えた酸性珪酸水溶液を
用い、これらをそれぞれ水ガラスに加えて得られ
る注入材について固結標準砂の強度試験を行なつ
た。
配合は第２図におけるの配合に各種添加材を
全配合液中の１重量％添加することによつて行な
つた。
表−２より、特に多価金属塩が強度増加に効果
的であることがわかる。[Table] Table 1 shows that compared to the case where sulfuric acid is used as a reactant in water glass, an acidic-neutral silicic acid aqueous solution obtained by mixing water glass and sulfuric acid to remove alkali in water glass is obtained. It can be seen that the strength is significantly greater when water glass is gelled using an aqueous silicic acid solution as a reactant. This is thought to be due to the fact that silicic acid itself as a reactant imparts strength when water glass gels, and also adds to the structure of the gel when water glass gels, giving structural strength to the gel. . In the above, the combined use of monovalent or polyvalent metal electrolyte substances, such as alkali metal salts, polyvalent metal salts, or oxides or hydroxides thereof, helps in adjusting the gelation time. In particular, these metal ions react with silicic acid in a relatively short time in an aqueous water glass solution in an alkaline region, but in an acidic to neutral region, they do not react immediately with silicic acid and even if they do, they react relatively slowly. When these metal ions are mixed in the acidic to neutral silicic acid aqueous solution and reacted with water glass, they not only act effectively as gelling promoters, but also promote the gelling of silicic acid. , forming insoluble silicic acid, which has the effect of increasing strength. Of course, a small amount of these metal ions may be mixed into the water glass aqueous solution. (Experiment 5) As a reactant, an acidic silicic acid aqueous solution containing various substances (additives) that generate metal ions shown in Table 2 was used, and each of these was added to water glass to obtain an injection material. A strength test was conducted. The blending was carried out by adding various additives to the blend shown in FIG. 2 in an amount of 1% by weight based on the total blended solution. Table 2 shows that polyvalent metal salts are particularly effective in increasing strength.
【表】
なお、以上の説明において中性〜酸性の珪酸水
溶液をつくる酸として硫酸を用いた例を示した
が、その他、塩酸、硝酸、リン酸等の無機酸、酸
性硫酸塩、酸性リン酸塩等の酸性塩、有機酸、或
はアルデヒド、エステル等、アルカリと作用して
酸として反応するもの等を用いる事が出来る。又
すでに知られているように水ガラスをゲル化させ
る場合のPH値とゲル化時間の関係はPH値がほぼ
8.5付近で最も短くなる。
従つて、本発明における酸性から中性の珪酸水
溶液とはPH値が8.5以下のもの、特に７以下のPH
値が好ましい。
又、水ガラスにこれらの珪酸水溶液を反応剤と
して用い、アルカリでゲル化させるとはPHが8.5
以上、好ましくは任意にゲル化時間をコントロー
ル可能なPH値、すなわち、10.5以上が望ましい。
以上説明したように、本発明は水ガラスをゲル
化させるために中性〜酸性の珪酸を反応剤として
用いるもので、アルカリ領域の水ガラスグラウト
の従来の常識を全く打破つたものである。[Table] In the above explanation, an example was shown in which sulfuric acid was used as the acid to create a neutral to acidic silicic acid aqueous solution, but inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid, acidic sulfates, and acidic phosphoric acid Acidic salts such as salts, organic acids, aldehydes, esters, etc. that react with alkali to form acids can be used. Furthermore, as is already known, when gelling water glass, the relationship between PH value and gelling time is that the PH value is approximately
It becomes shortest around 8.5. Therefore, in the present invention, the acidic to neutral silicic acid aqueous solution has a pH value of 8.5 or less, particularly a pH value of 7 or less.
value is preferred. Also, when water glass is gelled with alkali using these silicic acid aqueous solutions as a reactant, the pH is 8.5.
As mentioned above, it is preferable that the pH value is such that the gelation time can be arbitrarily controlled, that is, 10.5 or more. As explained above, the present invention uses neutral to acidic silicic acid as a reactant to gel water glass, and completely breaks the conventional wisdom regarding water glass grout in the alkaline range.
第１図は水ガラスの反応剤として硫酸を用いた
場合の硫酸濃度とゲル化時間の関係を示すグラフ
であり、第２図は非アルカリ性珪酸水溶液を反応
剤として用いた場合のSiO2濃度とゲル化時間の
関係を示すグラフであり、第３図は各種PH値の非
アルカリ性珪酸水溶液におけるSiO2濃度とゲル
化時間の関係を示すグラフである。
Figure 1 is a graph showing the relationship between sulfuric acid concentration and gelation time when sulfuric acid is used as a reactant for water glass, and Figure 2 is a graph showing the relationship between SiO 2 concentration and gelation time when a non-alkaline silicic acid aqueous solution is used as a reactant. This is a graph showing the relationship between gelation time, and FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between SiO 2 concentration and gelation time in non-alkaline silicic acid aqueous solutions of various PH values.
Claims (1)
ゲル化する注入材を地盤中に注入して地盤を固結
する地盤注入工法において、前記反応剤として水
ガラスと酸を混合して得られた酸性の珪酸水溶液
を用いることにより注入材のゲル化時間の調整を
容易にするとともに高固結強度を呈するようにし
たことを特徴とする地盤注入工法。 ２ 水ガラスと反応剤を混合してアルカリ領域で
ゲル化する注入材を地盤中に注入して地盤を固結
する地盤注入工法において、前記反応剤として水
ガラスと酸を混合して得られた酸性の珪酸水溶液
を用い、前記水ガラスおよび前記反応剤としての
珪酸水溶液のうちの少なくとも一方には一価また
は多価の電解質物質を含有することを特徴とする
地盤注入工法。[Claims] 1. In a ground injection method in which water glass and a reactive agent are mixed and an injection material that gels in an alkaline region is injected into the ground to solidify the ground, water glass and an acid are used as the reactive agents. A ground injection method characterized in that by using an acidic silicic acid aqueous solution obtained by mixing, it is possible to easily adjust the gelation time of the injection material and to exhibit high consolidation strength. 2 In the ground injection method in which water glass and a reactive agent are mixed and an injectable material that gels in an alkaline region is injected into the ground to solidify the ground, the injectable material obtained by mixing water glass and acid as the reactive agent is used. A ground injection method characterized in that an acidic silicic acid aqueous solution is used, and at least one of the water glass and the silicic acid aqueous solution as the reactant contains a monovalent or polyvalent electrolyte substance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1475383A JPS59140285A (en) | 1983-01-31 | 1983-01-31 | Solidification of ground with grout |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1475383A JPS59140285A (en) | 1983-01-31 | 1983-01-31 | Solidification of ground with grout |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59140285A JPS59140285A (en) | 1984-08-11 |
| JPH0362750B2 true JPH0362750B2 (en) | 1991-09-26 |
Family
ID=11869856
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1475383A Granted JPS59140285A (en) | 1983-01-31 | 1983-01-31 | Solidification of ground with grout |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59140285A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3226510B2 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2001-11-05 | 名古屋カレット株式会社 | Ground hardening method |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS516314A (en) * | 1974-07-05 | 1976-01-19 | Yoshio Ishikawa | JIBANKAIRYOCHUNYUYOYAKUEKI |
| JPS52118812A (en) * | 1976-03-29 | 1977-10-05 | Nippon Kuriin Yakuzai Kk | Subsoil improving method and impregnating chemical liquid used for same |
| JPS5833277B2 (en) * | 1976-03-31 | 1983-07-19 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Soil stabilization treatment method |
-
1983
- 1983-01-31 JP JP1475383A patent/JPS59140285A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59140285A (en) | 1984-08-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0273445B1 (en) | Chemical grout for ground injection and method for accretion | |
| JPH0362750B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0354154B2 (en) | ||
| JPS6118593B2 (en) | ||
| JPS62290790A (en) | Grout for injection into ground | |
| KR100402456B1 (en) | Ground hardening material | |
| JPS5993787A (en) | Solidification of ground | |
| JP2588053B2 (en) | Ground injection method | |
| JPS6312514B2 (en) | ||
| JP3163191B2 (en) | Method for producing hardened gypsum | |
| JP2973149B2 (en) | Ground injection method | |
| JPH0554520B2 (en) | ||
| JPS59172583A (en) | Grout to be poured into ground | |
| JPH0468356B2 (en) | ||
| JP2758050B2 (en) | Chemical solution for soil stabilization and its injection method | |
| JPS6027706B2 (en) | Ground injection method | |
| JPS5833277B2 (en) | Soil stabilization treatment method | |
| JPS6247915B2 (en) | ||
| JPH08269449A (en) | Grout for the ground and method for grouting the ground | |
| JPH0237380B2 (en) | ||
| JPH08134446A (en) | Grout for ground and method for grouting ground | |
| JPS6220238B2 (en) | ||
| JPS62181387A (en) | Group grouting chemical and construction method using said chemical | |
| JP2547120B2 (en) | Ground injection method | |
| JPS59131690A (en) | Process for injecting into ground |