JPH0364602B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a novel multilobal fiber. More specifically, it relates to multilobed fibers with excellent mechanical properties, functionality, and processability.

(Prior Art) As is well known, fibers made of polymers such as polyester and polyamide have excellent physical and chemical properties and are therefore widely used for clothing and non-clothing applications.

In particular, in recent years, as lifestyles have become more sophisticated and diversified, there has been a demand for fiber materials with more advanced and unique performance. There are many fields where single-component fibers cannot meet these demands, and so-called composite fibers composed of two or more types of polymer components with different properties have come to be used frequently.

For example, two types of fiber-forming polymers are composited in a side-by-side type or core-sheath type (Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-16529, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-162862,
JP-A No. 57-56518), sea-island type composite fibers in which different types of fiber-forming polymers are arranged in a sea-island type (Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-22126, Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-26895, Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-3815) Publication, Special Publication No. 54-38215)
Alternatively, split composite fibers in which different types of fiber-forming polymers are arranged adjacent to each other multiple times (Japanese Patent Publication No. 16529/1983, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 162862/1982, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-1988)
56518, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 56-53210), etc. have been proposed.

However, conventionally used side-by-side type and core-sheath type composite fibers,
The fiber shape is extremely simple, and the texture, function, or mechanical performance of the fabric obtained with the composite fiber is not necessarily satisfactory.

In addition, sea-island composite fibers are made by dissolving and removing sea components to obtain ultrafine fibers made of island components.Splitable composite fibers are made by dividing composite fibers through physical or chemical treatment to obtain ultrafine fibers. The purpose of this method was to obtain a multifilament, that is, a mixed fiber yarn composed of two or more types of single filaments having different properties.

As described above, conventional composite fibers have complex fiber shapes and do not fully take advantage of the synergistic effect of multiple components, which is a unique feature of composite fibers.

Therefore, there is still considerable room for improvement in terms of feel, function, and mechanical performance, and there are also many difficulties in forming fabrics after making them into fibers and in processability in various processes.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present inventors have arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive studies on multilobal fibers that do not have the above-mentioned drawbacks.

An object of the present invention is to provide a multilobed fiber with excellent mechanical properties, functionality, and processability.

(Means for solving the problems) The present invention has the following configuration. That is, (1) a film-like component consisting of component A and a film-like component consisting of component B are alternately stacked to form a primary aggregate, and a plurality of the primary aggregates are joined at their right angle sides. It is a multi-lobed fiber characterized by forming a secondary aggregate.

FIGS. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional model views showing an example of the composite fiber of the present invention.

In the present invention, a "primary aggregate" has a cross section in which film-like constituent elements made of component A and film-like constituent elements made of component B are alternately stacked. A "secondary aggregate" is one in which a plurality of primary aggregates are combined with their right-angled sides and out of phase.

Here, the term "right-angled side surface" refers to a side surface that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the film-like components 1 and 2, that is, a side surface that is perpendicular to the joint surface of the film-like components.

In Figure 1, a and b are primary aggregates,
It has a two-layer structure in which a and b are bonded back to back.
3 shows a part where the right angle sides of the primary aggregate are joined back to back.

Figure 2 shows the case of a four-layer structure, with a, b,
c and d are primary aggregates. 3 shows a part where the right angle sides of the primary aggregate are joined back to back.

The multi-lobed fiber of the present invention is characterized in that its cross-sectional shape forms a primary aggregate in which film-like constituent elements made of different polymers are joined alternately, and that a plurality of primary aggregates are arranged on right-angled sides. They form a secondary assembly joined back-to-back, and these joints form a spine-like shape that connects the composite components.

By combining a plurality of primary aggregates with their right-angled side faces out of phase, it is possible to form a special cross-sectional shape with a high degree of irregularity, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Therefore, the multilobed fiber of the present invention can have properties such as a clear and deep color tone, a noble luster, and a feel similar to natural fibers. Furthermore, at the joints between primary aggregates, multiple components intermingle and the polymer of one of the components continues at the joints to form a spine-like shape, and this part forms a spine-like shape that connects the fibers between the components. Since it plays the role of a core, it can prevent the cross-sectional shape of the fiber from collapsing and impart excellent processability and favorable mechanical performance.

More specifically, the number of stacked film-like components in the primary assembly is at least 6, preferably 10 or more, particularly preferably 20 or more. In some cases, the number may exceed 1000. Further, this number may be different for each primary aggregate.

When this number increases, the thickness of the film-like components becomes thinner, and depending on the combination of polymers, the bond between the film-like components can be made stronger.

The shape of the joint in the secondary aggregate is not limited at all. That is, it may be a straight line, a curved line, or a meandering line.

Further, the number of primary aggregates in the secondary aggregate is not particularly limited, and is determined depending on the use and purpose.
For example, FIG. 1 shows a combination of two primary aggregates, and FIG. 2 shows a combination of four primary aggregates. Of course, it does not matter if it is more than that.

The ratio of the composite components is A/B = 99/1 to 99/1 by weight.
1/99, preferably A/B=95/5 to 5/
Used in 95.

Depending on the combination of polymer components, unevenness may appear on the fiber surface due to differences in shrinkage, solubility, or degradability between the polymers, and the present invention also includes fibers with this shape. . In this case, the fibers can be given properties such as natural fiber-like squeaking and crisp feel.

Long side (m) and short side (n) of the film-like component
The length ratio (m/n) is not particularly limited, but is at least 2 or more, preferably 5 or more, and may exceed 50 in some cases.

Polymers used in the present invention include polyester,
Polyamides, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, acetate, etc., and their copolymers are commonly used for making fibers.Among these polymer groups, there are two types of polymers depending on the purpose and use. To be elected.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, the multilobal fibers of the present invention can be used with polymers that have been thought to have practical problems and be difficult to use when used alone due to their unique cross-sectional shape. By using them in combination, performance that takes advantage of the characteristics of the polymer can be obtained due to their synergistic effect.

For example, for high strength, polyarylate, high polymerization degree polyethylene, etc., for flexibility, polyamide elastomer, polyester elastomer, polyurethane elastomer, fluoro rubber, etc. For water absorption, polyvinyl alcohol, various polymers incorporating ionic groups Polyoxyethylene, carbon particle-containing polymers, conductive metal compound-containing polymers are used to impart antistatic properties, and polymers containing high-density metals such as zinc, barium, titanium, antimony, and lead and their compounds are used to increase specific gravity. , polyphenyl sulfide, etc. to impart heat resistance and chemical resistance; polyphosphazene, etc. to impart flame retardancy, biocompatibility, and oil resistance; and colorant-containing polymers, highly color-forming polymers to impart high color development properties. etc. Other materials depending on the purpose may be mixed into the polymer in amounts greater than the amount normally used.

In this way, the fibers of the present invention can be used in combinations of polymers to select from an extremely wide range of performance that has not been available heretofore, and the performance of the fibers can be significantly improved.

The thickness of the fibers is not particularly limited. This fiber can also be used as a so-called processed yarn, which has a fineness of fineness, a heat shrinkage of mixture, or is mixed with other fibers, and is further subjected to a false twisting process to impart stretchability and bulk. The multilobed fiber of the present invention can also be used in the form of fabrics such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and nonwoven fabrics, or composites thereof.

Furthermore, the multilobed fiber of the present invention includes a form in which multiple components within a single fiber are integrated, and a form in which the part facing the outside is split by splitting treatment. It doesn't matter if it is.

Although the present invention does not in any way question the means for producing such fibers, examples of preferably producing such fibers will be described below.

In order to obtain the multi-lobed fiber of the present invention shown in FIG. Create a multilayer bonded composite polymer flow. Next, the two multilayer bonded composite polymer streams (primary aggregates) are joined back to back with their right-angled sides using a bonding plate, and the polymer streams are discharged from the spinneret nozzle and spun. .

To obtain the multi-lobed fiber of the present invention shown in FIG. are further joined in series by a second coupling plate, and then discharged from a spinneret nozzle and spun.

The multilobal fiber of the present invention can be used in a wide range of fields, including clothing and non-clothing. For example, clothing products include underwear, underwear, blouses, stockings, winter clothing, sportswear, casual wear, swimsuits, leotards, and shirts, while non-clothing products include futon cotton, artificial hair, ink ribbons, and bandages. , towels, wiping cloths, puffs, various filters, tire cords, ropes, fishing nets, etc.

(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples in any way. It should be noted that all "proportions" are based on weight unless otherwise specified.

Example 1 A fluid mixer 16 in which six fluid alternating array elements of the same type as those described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1048/1988 are connected in the vertical direction.
Using a spinning pack that incorporates a column and a coupling plate and a spinneret below which combine the fluids discharged from the two columns of the fluid mixer, polyethylene terephthalate is used as the A component, and polyarylate (wholly aromatic type) is used as the B component. A composite fiber made of polyester was melt-spun.

The cross-sectional shape of the obtained fibers is such that A and B are alternating.
It was a multilayer bonded type in which 50 to 60 pairs were bonded repeatedly, and furthermore, it was a composite fiber whose right angle sides were bonded back to back. The spinning conditions at this time are a temperature of 320
℃, take-up speed of 1000 m/min, number of filaments was 8, and component ratio A/B = 80/20.

Subsequently, the composite fiber was subjected to dry heat treatment at 200°C for approximately 20 hours, and further compounded to determine the number of filaments.
24 and 75 denier thread.

The obtained yarn had a tenacity of 13.6 g/d, which is almost double the tenacity of a normal polyester yarn of the same denier, which had a tenacity of 7.5 g/d. Moreover, when this yarn was used to make woven and nonwoven fabrics, the fabrics were extremely strong.

Embodiment 2 A fluid mixer 16 in which six fluid alternating array elements of the same type as those described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1048/1988 are connected in the vertical direction.
Using a spinning pack that incorporates a column and a coupling plate and a spinneret below which combine the fluids discharged from the two columns of the fluid mixer, the molecular weight as the A component is
A composite fiber consisting of a polycaptractam polyether block copolymer containing 45 wt % of polyoxyethylene segments of 4000 and nylon 6 as the B component was melt-spun.

The cross-sectional shape of the obtained fibers is such that A and B are alternating.
It was a multilayer bonded type in which 50 to 60 pairs were bonded repeatedly, and furthermore, it was a composite fiber whose right angle sides were bonded back to back. The spinning conditions at this time are a temperature of 270
℃, the drawing speed was 1200 m/min, the number of filaments was 8, and the component ratio A/B was 20/80.

Subsequently, the yarn was drawn at a drawing speed of 4000 m/min, a hot plate temperature of 120° C., and a draw ratio of 3.2, and then the yarns were doubled to obtain a drawn yarn of 24 denier and 8 filaments.

This drawn yarn was twisted at 150 T/m for the warp yarn and 100 T/m for the weft yarn to weave a plain woven fabric with a weave density of 118 yarns/inch in the warp and 111 yarns/inch in the weft.

This fabric was immersed in a treatment solution at 98°C containing a surfactant to perform relaxing scouring, and then dry heat treatment was performed at 160°C for 1 minute.

The obtained fabric was dyed dark blue by a conventional method.
The dyed fabric had excellent electrostatic properties with a frictional charging voltage of 1120V. Moreover, it had a clear, deep color tone and a noble luster.

Embodiment 3 Fluid mixer 16 in which six fluid alternating array elements of the same type as those described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1048/1986 are connected in the vertical direction.
Using a spinning pack that incorporates a column and a coupling plate and a spinneret below which combine the fluid discharged from the two columns of the fluid mixer, nylon 6 is used as the A component, and polyphosphazene (Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.) is used as the B component.
A composite fiber made of PLP-210) was melt-spun.

The cross-sectional shape of the obtained fibers is such that A and B are alternating.
It was a multilayer bonded type in which 50 to 65 pairs were bonded repeatedly, and the two layers were composite fibers in which right-angled sides were bonded back to back. The spinning conditions at this time are temperature
280℃, drawing speed 1200m/min, number of filaments 8,
The component ratio A/B was set to 70/30. Continue stretching speed
400m/min, hot plate temperature 120℃, stretching ratio
Stretching was performed at 2.8 to obtain a 24 denier, 8 filament drawn yarn.

While doubling this drawn yarn, the warp yarn is
A plain woven fabric with a weave density of 112 yarns/inch in the vertical direction and 107 yarns/inch in the horizontal direction was woven by twisting at 150 T/m and 100 T/m for the weft yarn.

This fabric is immersed in a 98℃ treatment solution containing a surfactant to perform relaxation scouring, and at 160℃,
Dry heat treatment was performed for 1 minute.

The obtained fabric exhibited flame retardancy to the extent that it had self-extinguishing properties. Moreover, it had excellent feel and flexibility.

(Effects of the Invention) The multilobed fiber of the present invention has the following effects.

By joining multiple primary aggregates back to back, a special and complex irregularly shaped cross section can be formed, and it can have properties such as clear and deep color tone, noble luster, and natural fiber-like feel.

Since the bonding portion of the primary aggregate firmly connects the components, the cross-sectional shape of the fibers is hard to collapse and the processability is extremely good.

Furthermore, due to the special shape of the fibers of the present invention, polymers that have hitherto been thought to be difficult to use due to practical problems can be used in conjunction with other polymers. Therefore, the purpose
By selecting a polymer according to the application, it is possible to achieve high strength, water absorption, water retention, flexibility, flame retardancy, bulk, high specific gravity ratio, antistatic properties, etc. , you can also choose from a wide range of performance options.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are cross-sectional model diagrams showing an example of the multilobal fiber of the present invention. a, b: primary aggregate; 1, 2: film-like component; 3: portion of the primary aggregate joined back to back with right-angled sides.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A film-like component consisting of component A and a film-like component consisting of component B are alternately stacked to form a primary aggregate, and a plurality of the primary aggregates are
A multi-lobed fiber characterized by forming a secondary aggregate with its right-angled sides joined together.