JPH0368709B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0368709B2 JPH0368709B2 JP8658486A JP8658486A JPH0368709B2 JP H0368709 B2 JPH0368709 B2 JP H0368709B2 JP 8658486 A JP8658486 A JP 8658486A JP 8658486 A JP8658486 A JP 8658486A JP H0368709 B2 JPH0368709 B2 JP H0368709B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fire
- extinguishing agent
- extinguishing
- tunnel
- ventilation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920004449 Halon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は電力ケーブル、信号用ケーブル等のケ
ーブル類を収納した洞道内で発生した火災を速や
かに消火することができる洞道内で発生した火災
の消火方法に関するものである。Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention provides a method for quickly extinguishing fires that occur in tunnels that house cables such as power cables and signal cables. This relates to fire extinguishing methods.
（従来の技術）
都市部においては安全上及び景観上の観点か
ら、電力用ケーブルや信号用ケーブル等を地下に
収納するケーブル洞道が増加しつつあるが、一度
洞道内で火災が発生するとケーブル被覆や絶縁油
等の燃焼に伴う猛煙のために洞道内に進入して消
火活動を行うことは不可能であり、また洞道の外
部からも火点に対して直接かつ有効な消火活動を
行うことも不可能である。このため現状の洞道防
災は専らケーブル類の難燃化や延焼剤防止用の塗
布に頼つているが、この対策には多額の費用を要
する欠点や多量のケーブル類が収納されていると
火災時には互いに熱量を供給しあつて延焼拡大し
て行く欠点があり、十分な防災対策とは言い難い
ものであつた。(Conventional technology) In urban areas, from the viewpoint of safety and aesthetics, the number of cable tunnels in which power cables, signal cables, etc. are stored underground is increasing. It is impossible to enter the tunnel and carry out fire extinguishing operations due to the heavy smoke caused by the burning of coatings, insulating oil, etc., and it is also impossible to carry out fire extinguishing operations directly and effectively at the point of fire from outside the tunnel. It is also impossible to do so. For this reason, current disaster prevention measures for tunnels rely exclusively on making cables flame-retardant and coating them with fire-spreading agents, but these measures have the drawback of requiring a large amount of money and the fact that large amounts of cables are housed can lead to fires. At times, they supplied heat to each other, causing the fire to spread and spread, making it difficult to say that it was an adequate disaster prevention measure.
一方、洞道内に水消火設備やガス消火設備を設
置する試みもなされているが、水消火は消火水に
よる水損の発生や排水設備が必要であるうえ、水
消化とガス消化のいずれの場合にも防護区画の設
定が困難であるために洞道の全長にわたり消火用
ガスあるいは消化水を供給することができる大容
量の設備が必要であるうえ、ガスについては換気
フアンから放出される無効分をも加味しなければ
ならず、いずれの消化方法による場合にもその設
備費、保守の手数、洞道内の設置スペース等が極
めて大きいものとなる欠点があつた。 On the other hand, attempts have been made to install water extinguishing equipment or gas extinguishing equipment inside the tunnel, but water extinguishing causes water damage due to extinguishing water and requires drainage equipment, and in addition, both water extinguishing and gas extinguishing Because it is difficult to set up protective zones in tunnels, large-capacity equipment that can supply fire extinguishing gas or fire extinguishing water along the entire length of the tunnel is required. Both of the extinguishing methods have disadvantages in that they require extremely large equipment costs, maintenance costs, and installation space within the tunnel.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
本発明は上記のような従来の問題点を解決し
て、洞道内のどの地点において火災が発生した場
合にも確実に消火することができ、しかもその設
備費を比較的安価なものとすることができる洞道
内で発生した火災の消火方法を目的として完成さ
れたものである。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention solves the conventional problems as described above, and can reliably extinguish a fire even if a fire occurs at any point in a tunnel, and is equipped with It was developed with the aim of being a relatively inexpensive method of extinguishing fires that occur inside tunnels.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明は適当な間隔でフアン付きの換気孔が形
成された洞道の内部に、火災感知器と消火剤セン
サーと消火剤噴射ノズルとを設置しておき、火災
感知器が火災を感知したときには換気を停止した
うえで最寄りの消火剤噴射ノズルからガス状又は
泡状の消火剤を噴射しつつ火災を感知した火災感
知器を挟んでこの消火剤噴射ノズルとは反対側の
換気孔のみから排気を行い、この火災感知器より
も下流側の消火剤センサーにより感知された消火
剤の濃度が設定値を越えたときに全部の換気を停
止することを特徴とするものである。次に本発明
を図面を参照しつつ更に詳細に説明する。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention includes installing a fire detector, a fire extinguishing agent sensor, and a fire extinguishing agent injection nozzle inside a tunnel in which ventilation holes with fans are formed at appropriate intervals. When the fire detector detects a fire, ventilation is stopped and gaseous or foam extinguishing agent is injected from the nearest extinguishing agent injection nozzle. Exhaust is performed only from the ventilation hole on the opposite side of the fire detector, and all ventilation is stopped when the concentration of the extinguishing agent detected by the extinguishing agent sensor downstream of this fire detector exceeds a set value. That is. Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明における消火設備の配置を概念
的に示す断面図であり、１はケーブル類２が収納
された洞道、３Ａ〜３Ｆはこの洞道１に適当な間
隔で形成された換気孔、４Ａ〜４Ｆは各換気孔に
取付けられ常時は図示のとおり１台おきに吸気と
排気とを行つている換気用のフアンである。この
洞道１の内部の好ましくは天井部分には図示のよ
うに火災感知器５Ａ〜５Ｉと、消火剤センサー６
Ａ〜６Ｊとがその感知能力から決定される間隔で
多数設置されており、また収納容器７に接続され
た消火剤噴射ノズル８が換気孔３のピツチよりも
大きい間隔で洞道１の全長にわたり設置されてい
る。なお９は制御盤であつて、以下に述べるとお
りこれらの各機器の作動を制御するものである。 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view conceptually showing the arrangement of the fire extinguishing equipment according to the present invention, where 1 is a tunnel in which cables 2 are housed, and 3A to 3F are ventilation holes formed at appropriate intervals in this tunnel 1. Holes 4A to 4F are ventilation fans that are attached to each ventilation hole and normally take in and exhaust air from every other fan as shown. Inside the tunnel 1, preferably on the ceiling, there are fire detectors 5A to 5I and a fire extinguishing agent sensor 6, as shown in the figure.
A to 6J are installed in large numbers at intervals determined from their sensing capabilities, and extinguishing agent injection nozzles 8 connected to the storage container 7 are installed over the entire length of the tunnel 1 at intervals larger than the pitch of the ventilation holes 3. is set up. Note that 9 is a control panel that controls the operation of each of these devices as described below.
仮にいまＡ点において火災が発生したとする
と、その付近の火災感知器５Ｅが作動して制御盤
９に火災発生信号とその火災感知器５Ｅのアドレ
スとを伝達する。これを受けた制御盤９は各フア
ン４Ａ〜４Ｆを停止して洞道１内に新しい空気が
流入しないようにしたうえ、最寄りの消火剤噴射
ノズル８からハロンガス、CO2ガスのようなガス
状の消火剤又は泡状の消火剤を放出しつつ火災を
感知した火災感知器５Ｅを挟んでこの消火剤噴射
ノズル８とは反対側の換気孔３Ｂのみから排気を
行う。ここで換気孔３Ｂを選択したのは、作動し
た火災感知器５Ｅとの間に少なくとも２以上の消
火剤センサー６Ｃ，６Ｄ，６Ｅが配設されている
換気孔が選択されるようにプログラムされている
ためである。このようにして換気孔３Ｂのみから
排気を行いつつ消火剤噴射ノズル８から消火剤を
噴射すると、消火剤は換気孔３Ｂの方向に流れて
Ａ点の火災を消火する。ここで消火剤の噴射速度
はフアン４Ｂによる排気速度を越えない近い速度
とすることがより好ましい。 If a fire occurs at point A, the fire detector 5E in the vicinity is activated and transmits a fire occurrence signal and the address of the fire detector 5E to the control panel 9. Upon receiving this, the control panel 9 stops each of the fans 4A to 4F to prevent new air from flowing into the tunnel 1, and also injects gaseous substances such as halon gas and CO2 gas from the nearest extinguishing agent injection nozzle 8. Exhaust is performed only from the ventilation hole 3B on the opposite side of the fire extinguishing agent injection nozzle 8 across the fire detector 5E that senses the fire while discharging the extinguishing agent or foam extinguishing agent. The ventilation hole 3B was selected here because the program was programmed to select a ventilation hole in which at least two or more extinguishing agent sensors 6C, 6D, and 6E are installed between the activated fire detector 5E and the activated fire detector 5E. This is because there is. When the extinguishing agent is injected from the extinguishing agent injection nozzle 8 while exhausting air only from the ventilation hole 3B in this way, the extinguishing agent flows in the direction of the ventilation hole 3B and extinguishes the fire at point A. Here, it is more preferable that the injection speed of the extinguishing agent be set to a speed close to and not exceeding the exhaust speed by the fan 4B.
このようにして消火剤の噴出を続け、作動した
火災感知器５Ｅよりも下流側の消火剤センサー６
Ｃがその地点における消火剤の濃度が設定値を越
えたことを感知すると、全部の換気孔からの換気
を停止するがこれと同時に消火剤の放出も停止
し、消火剤使用量を最小限にすることも可能であ
る。ここで消火剤センサー６Ｃを選択したのは、
作動した火災感知器５Ｅとの間に２以上の消火剤
センサー６Ｅ，６Ｄが設置されている消火剤セン
サーが選択されるようにプログラムされているた
めである。なお消火剤の濃度の設定値としては、
ハロンガスの場合５％、CO2ガスの場合40％程度
とすれば良いが、CO2ガスの場合は窒息消火であ
るため、O2センサーを用いても同様の機能を果
すことができる。消火剤の濃度がこれらの設定値
に達すれば火災は消火されるが、ケーブル等の場
合には消火しても内部に火種が残る深部火災と呼
ばれる現象が生じ、消火剤がなくなると再発火す
るおそれがある。そこで全部の換気を停止した状
態のまま周囲の温度が自然発火点以下となるまで
消火剤を洞道１の内部に滞留させ、その後制御盤
９が各フアン４Ａ〜４Ｆの運転を開始する。 In this way, the extinguishing agent continues to be ejected, and the extinguishing agent sensor 6 downstream of the activated fire detector 5E
When C detects that the concentration of extinguishing agent at that point exceeds the set value, it stops ventilation from all ventilation holes, but at the same time stops releasing extinguishing agent, minimizing the amount of extinguishing agent used. It is also possible to do so. Here, we selected fire extinguishant sensor 6C because
This is because the extinguishing agent sensor that has two or more extinguishing agent sensors 6E, 6D installed between it and the activated fire detector 5E is programmed to be selected. The setting value for the concentration of extinguishing agent is as follows:
In the case of halon gas, the amount should be about 5%, and in the case of CO 2 gas, it should be about 40%, but since CO 2 gas is a suffocation extinguisher, the same function can be achieved using an O 2 sensor. When the concentration of the extinguishing agent reaches these set values, the fire will be extinguished, but in the case of cables, etc., a phenomenon called deep fire will occur where the source of the fire remains inside even if the fire is extinguished, and it will re-ignite when the extinguishing agent runs out. There is a risk. Therefore, with all ventilation stopped, the extinguishing agent is allowed to stay inside the tunnel 1 until the ambient temperature falls below the spontaneous ignition point, and then the control panel 9 starts operating the fans 4A to 4F.
なお消火剤は流動性に優れるガス消火剤を使用
することが好ましいが、高発泡性の泡消火剤を用
いることもでき、この場合には消火剤センサーと
して浸水センサー、結露センサー等を用いればよ
い。また火災感知器は任意の種類のものを使用で
きるが、周囲の温度があまり上昇しないうちに火
災を発見できる火災感知器を用いることが好まし
い。更にまた長大洞道では火源と消火剤噴射ノズ
ル８とがあまり離れると多量の消火剤が必要とな
るため、適宜の間隔で収納容器７と消火剤噴射ノ
ズル８とを設置すべきである。制御盤９も全体を
単一の制御盤９により制御する方式としても、あ
るいは洞道１を複数個のゾーンに区分して複数の
制御盤９を分散配置する方式のいずれを採用して
もよい。また前記の説明では換気孔３Ｂからの排
気をそのフアン４Ｂを作動させることによつて行
つたが、移動式の排煙装置を換気孔３Ｂに挿入し
て外部から排気を行うようにしてもよく、これら
の変形例はすべて本発明の範囲に包含されるもの
である。 Although it is preferable to use a gas extinguishing agent with excellent fluidity, a highly foaming foam extinguishing agent can also be used. In this case, a water immersion sensor, dew condensation sensor, etc. may be used as the extinguishing agent sensor. . Although any type of fire detector can be used, it is preferable to use a fire detector that can detect a fire before the ambient temperature rises too much. Furthermore, in a long cave, if the fire source and the extinguishing agent injection nozzle 8 are too far apart, a large amount of extinguishing agent will be required, so the storage container 7 and the extinguishing agent injection nozzle 8 should be installed at appropriate intervals. The control panel 9 may be controlled entirely by a single control panel 9, or the tunnel 1 may be divided into a plurality of zones and a plurality of control panels 9 may be arranged in a distributed manner. . Further, in the above explanation, exhaust air from the ventilation hole 3B is carried out by operating the fan 4B, but a mobile smoke evacuation device may be inserted into the ventilation hole 3B to exhaust air from the outside. , all of these modifications are included within the scope of the present invention.
（発明の効果）
本発明は以上の説明からも明らかなように、換
気用のフアンの運転と停止とを巧みに制御するこ
とにより洞道内のどの地点で火災が発生した場合
にもその場所に速やかにかつ十分な消火剤を送り
込んで消火することができるものであり、しかも
従来のように洞道全体に消火剤を充満させる必要
がないので容量の小さい消火装置とすることがで
き、設備費を安価にすることができる利点があ
る。よつて本発明は従来の問題点を解決した洞道
内で発生した火災の消火方法として、産業に発展
に寄与するところは極めて大きいものがある。(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above description, the present invention skillfully controls the operation and stop of the ventilation fan, so that even if a fire occurs at any point in the tunnel, the fire can be carried out at that location. It is capable of extinguishing a fire by quickly sending in a sufficient amount of extinguishing agent, and since there is no need to fill the entire tunnel with extinguishing agent as in the case of conventional systems, it is possible to use a fire extinguishing system with a small capacity, reducing equipment costs. It has the advantage of being inexpensive. Therefore, the present invention can greatly contribute to the development of industry as a method for extinguishing fires occurring in tunnels, which solves the problems of the conventional methods.
第１図は本発明における消火設備の配置例を示
す断面図、第２図は本発明の方法を説明するフロ
ーシートである。
１：洞道、３Ａ〜３Ｆ：換気孔、４Ａ〜４Ｆ：
フアン、５Ａ〜５Ｉ：火災感知器、６Ａ〜６Ｊ：
消火剤センサー、８：消火剤噴射ノズル。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of the arrangement of fire extinguishing equipment in the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flow sheet explaining the method of the present invention. 1: Cave, 3A-3F: Ventilation hole, 4A-4F:
Juan, 5A-5I: Fire detector, 6A-6J:
Extinguishing agent sensor, 8: Extinguishing agent injection nozzle.
Claims (1)
た洞道の内部に、火災感知器と消火剤センサーと
消火剤噴射ノズルとを設置しておき、火災感知器
が火災を感知したときには換気を停止したうえで
最寄りの消火剤噴射ノズルからガス状又は泡状の
消火剤を噴射しつつ火災を感知した火災感知器を
挟んでこの消火剤噴射ノズルとは反対側の換気孔
のみから排気を行い、この火災感知器よりも下流
側の消火剤センサーにより感知された消火剤の濃
度が設定値を越えたときに全部の換気を停止する
ことを特徴とする洞道内で発生した火災の消火方
法。1. A fire detector, extinguishing agent sensor, and extinguishing agent injection nozzle are installed inside a tunnel in which ventilation holes with fans are formed at appropriate intervals, and when the fire detector detects a fire, ventilation is started. After stopping, a gas or foam extinguishing agent is injected from the nearest extinguishing agent injection nozzle, and exhaust is exhausted only from the ventilation hole on the opposite side of the fire detector that detected the fire. A method for extinguishing a fire occurring in a tunnel, characterized by stopping all ventilation when the concentration of the extinguishing agent detected by the extinguishing agent sensor downstream of the fire detector exceeds a set value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8658486A JPS62243569A (en) | 1986-04-15 | 1986-04-15 | Method for extinguishing fire generated in tunnel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8658486A JPS62243569A (en) | 1986-04-15 | 1986-04-15 | Method for extinguishing fire generated in tunnel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62243569A JPS62243569A (en) | 1987-10-24 |
| JPH0368709B2 true JPH0368709B2 (en) | 1991-10-29 |
Family
ID=13891057
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8658486A Granted JPS62243569A (en) | 1986-04-15 | 1986-04-15 | Method for extinguishing fire generated in tunnel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62243569A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110954165A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-04-03 | 国网河南省电力公司检修公司 | Cable interlayer polling method and device and computer-storable medium |
| JP7458255B2 (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2024-03-29 | 株式会社東芝 | underground power line |
-
1986
- 1986-04-15 JP JP8658486A patent/JPS62243569A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62243569A (en) | 1987-10-24 |
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