JPH0371559B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a folding type shield excavator, and more specifically, when excavating in a curved direction, two adjacent barrels move not only in the vertical and horizontal directions, but also in the horizontal and vertical directions. This invention relates to an excavator capable of bending in the middle direction.

[Conventional technology]

In large cities, tunnels are excavated in various places for sewage construction, expansion of underground drainage ditches, or construction for burying electrical wiring, cable wiring, and city gas piping underground. In this case, the shield tunneling machine often excavates a curved tunnel with a horizontal curve, instead of moving straight forward, the shield tunneling machine bends in the left and right directions.

In recent years, conditions for tunnel excavation in highly developed cities have changed significantly, and shield tunneling machines often have to avoid existing buried objects in all directions when excavating. Therefore, it is possible to bend two longitudinally adjacent bodies in the vertical direction to make a turn in a desired direction, or to bend them in the middle between left and right and up and down to make a quick turn in that direction. It is desirable to have the ability to advance.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the left and right directions, up and down directions as above, and even
Currently, there is no shield tunneling machine that can reliably move from a desired position in the intermediate direction.
It is often not possible for an excavator to move forward while excavating a tunnel with three-dimensional bends.
Therefore, when such a curved course is required, the earth is separately subjected to excavation treatment, such as stopping the excavator and making it possible to change direction in the curved direction.

In other words, it was necessary to change the direction of the excavator along the excavation, and then move forward a little while digging, and repeat this process while moving forward. For this reason, a great deal of time and effort was required to prepare for the turn, such as digging work to change direction, and to perform forward excavation work each time. Therefore, the current situation is that continuous curved excavation cannot be performed.

By the way, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-180798 discloses that the main body of an excavator is divided into two bodies adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction, and a pin is used at the connecting part of both bodies to adjust the relative posture of the two adjacent bodies. A bending device for a shield tunneling machine is described that allows for modification.

In this example, the front shell and the rear shell can be connected or bent in the middle using a lock pin that moves forward and backward in the radial direction of the excavator main body at the connecting portion. In other words, when the lock pin is moved forward to connect the front and rear torso, the shield body can be maintained in a straight line and the shield can be moved straight, and when the lock pin is retracted, the front and rear torsos are connected. The straight line state with the rear body is changed to a mid-fold state by varying the amount of left and right or up and down expansion and contraction of the yawing jack, making it possible to turn.

Therefore, the locking pin does not function as a center-folding axis when the shield body is folded in the middle, but merely acts as a lock to maintain the linear posture of the front and rear shells. On the other hand, in order to maintain the folding angle when the shield body is folded in the middle, the above-mentioned yawing jack is differentially extended and contracted, and the yawing jack is hydraulically locked when the amount of extension and contraction is different. This has been achieved by.

Therefore, in a center-folding device with such a mechanism, by differentially moving the yawing jack with the lock pin retracted, the center-folding device can be folded at any angle in the vertical direction, left-right direction, or an intermediate direction. can. However, since a number of yawing jacks are installed around the shield body, for example, when folding the shield in the left and right direction, the yawing jack located at the top and bottom must be in the same extended state, and the One of the located yawing jacks will be extended and the other will not be extended or will be retracted. At that time, in order to make the center fold in the desired direction, there is no center point for tilting the front body relative to the rear body, and the direction is simply changed while adjusting the amount of expansion and contraction of the two yawing jacks. Therefore, a shift may occur with respect to the vertical axis, which is the traveling direction of the shield main body when it is folded in the middle. In this case, it may become impossible to obtain a desired direction of progress with respect to the vertical axis, and there is a problem in that the excavation direction lacks accuracy.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to enable the shield tunneling machine to quickly bend in a desired direction, and to continuously bend in a three-dimensional manner while making complex bends. To be able to excavate a tunnel, in which case a center fold is to be made with reference to the center of the connection between one shell and the other shell, in line with the current longitudinal axis of the shield body. It is an object of the present invention to provide a center-folding type shield excavator that realizes the following: the direction of movement and the position of the machine can be accurately determined.

[Means to solve the problem]

In the present invention, the shield body is divided into two bodies adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction, and a pin is inserted into and removed from the connecting portion between one body and the other body, so that the shield body can be placed in a folded state while traveling or in a straight state. It is applied to the folding type shield excavator which can be used as

Its characteristics are as shown in Figure 1.
A cylinder 15 that expands and contracts in the diametrical direction of the shield main body 2 is provided in a connecting member 6 provided at a connecting portion between one of the adjacent cylinders 4 and the other cylinder 5. The cylinder 15 moves forward and backward in the diametrical direction of the shield main body 2 by the expansion and contraction operation of the cylinder 15, and functions as a center-folding axis that enables one body 4 and the other body 5 to be bent vertically, horizontally, etc., and can also be moved straight. Center-folding pins 10 to 13 are provided that have the function of maintaining. A pin insertion tube 9a into which the bent pins 10 to 13 are inserted and removed;
9b, 12a, 12b, 14a, 14b, 40
a, 40b, 41a, 41b are provided on each of the one shell 4 and the other shell 5 and are arranged in an overlapping manner, and are located at the ends on one diameter line of the shield body 2 and face each other, forming one pair. A pair of bent pins,
A plurality of shields are arranged around the shield main body 2 at different angles. Then, in the cylinder 15, the two opposing bent pins 10 to 1 of the bent pin pair are
3 simultaneously connects the pin insertion tubes 9a and 12 of one of the barrels 4.
a, 14a, 40a, 41a and the pin insertion tubes 9b, 12b, 14b, 40b, 41b of the other body 5, and the overlapping pin insertion tubes 9
a, 9b, 12a, 12b, 14a, 14b, 4
0a, 40b, 41a, and 41b, and the connection can be broken.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the bending pin connecting the two shells is provided in the connecting part so that it can be freely inserted and removed, and a plurality of pairs of pins are arranged facing each other in the shell, so that the shield excavator can change its turning posture in the vertical and horizontal directions. It is also possible to turn not only in directions but also in intermediate directions. Therefore, when excavating a tunnel with three-dimensionally complex bends, the shield tunneling machine can be easily bent in the desired bending direction, thereby speeding up excavation preparation and streamlining the excavation work. can be achieved. In addition, the center bend is based on the center of the connecting portion between one body and the other body, and the curved state can be accurately expressed at a desired position.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described in detail below based on examples thereof. The folding type shield excavator 1 shown in FIG. 1 is in a state in which it moves straight. The shell 3 of the shield main body 2 of the excavator 1 has a front shell 4, which is one of the shells, which is divided into two parts adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction.
The other body is a rear body 5.

The shield main body 2 is fixed to the rear body 5 and includes a connecting member 6 whose outer surface 6a is formed into a spherical shape.The front body 4 and the inner surface slide through a sealing material 7, and It has a center-folded structure that is rotatably connected in the middle direction between the two.

That is, in this example, pin insertion tubes 9a and 9b are provided at two locations on the inner surface of the connecting member 6 and the rear end of the fixing member 8 fixed to the front body 4, respectively at the ceiling and bottom of the shield body 2 (the bottom is shown). A single bent pin 10 is inserted into and removed from the pin insertion tubes 9a and 9b. Note that these pin insertion tubes 9a and 9b into which the bending pin 10 is inserted and removed are provided in each of the front body 4 and the rear body 5, and are arranged in an overlapping arrangement.

As shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, a clevis 15a is attached to the stepped end 10a of the bent pin 10, and a piston rod 15b of the hydraulic cylinder 15 for insertion and removal is attached to the clevis 15a.
are combined. As shown in FIG. 1, the two bent pins 10, 10 in the inserted state, which are opposed to each other at the ceiling and the bottom, are moved in the diametrical direction of the shield body 2 by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 15. It functions as a center-folding shaft that moves forward and backward to enable the front body 4 and rear body 5 to be folded vertically, horizontally, etc., and
It also has the ability to maintain straight forward movement. By the way,
When the excavator moves forward, a shield jack 18 and a hydraulic cylinder 16 for center bending, which will be described later, are used.
Combined with the expansion and contraction operation of the excavator, it is now possible to excavate while moving in a straight or curved manner.

Furthermore, other pin insertion tubes 14a and 14b are provided at two locations on the left and right (one location on the right in the figure), and the pair of center-folding pins 11 inserted therein are similarly aligned with the center-folding axis in the vertical direction 21. A hydraulic cylinder 15 that expands and contracts in the diametrical direction of the shield main body 2 for insertion and removal is attached to each.

Between the above-mentioned center-folding pins 10 and 11 and the opposing pins (not shown), a plurality of center-folding pins 12 and 13 arranged in pairs (two in the figure) facing each other in the front body 4 are arranged to prevent center-folding. For example, they are provided at positions different from each other by 30 degrees in the circumferential direction from the pin 10 and the bent pin 11, respectively.

Therefore, at that position, that is, at a position 30 degrees closer to the pin 11 side than the pin 10, the pair of center-folding pins 12 move the front body 4 in order to move the excavator 1 in a three-dimensional direction. When the is folded in the middle,
This becomes the center fold axis in the direction of arrow 22. Similarly, the center-folding pin 13 is also set as a center-folding axis in the direction of the arrow 23 at that position. In addition, the above-mentioned bent pin 1
2 and 13, a pair of center bending pins (not shown) may be provided facing each other at a position of 45 degrees between both center bending pins 10 and 11. Further, if space and mounting positions are secured, multiple pairs of foldable pins may be provided. The point is that a plurality of pairs of bent pins, which are located at the ends of one diameter line of the shield body 2 and constitute one pair, are arranged at different angles around the shield body so that they do not interfere with each other. In addition, it is only necessary that the center bending direction corresponding to the required direction of movement of the excavator 1 can be selected.

In addition, each end of a suitable number (one shown in the figure) of hydraulic cylinders 16 for center-folding is attached to the front body 4 and the connecting member 6, and as described above, when center-folding in each direction, , the two folding pins forming each pair are used as the center of tilting to enable the center-folding. Note that the above-mentioned sealing material 7 is interposed in order to prevent spring water and excavated soil from entering the excavation machine 1 from the face, regardless of whether the material is bent or not.

The shield jack 18 has a spherical joint 24 connected to a fixing member 19 fixed to the front body 4 at its front side 18a.
It is mounted so as to be swingable through the front body 4, and can absorb changes in the relative position that occur when the front body 4 changes direction due to the center bending. shield jacket 18
The tip 18c of the piston rod 18b is connected to the tunnel wall 2 shown in FIG.
A spreader 27 is mounted that contacts the front end surface 26a of the drill bit 6 and presses it to receive the digging reaction force.

The support device for the shield jack 18 is a web 29 of a ring girder 28 attached to the rear body 5.
An insertion hole 30 for holding the rear part 18d of the cylinder body is bored in the cylinder body.

This example is an example applied to a mud pressure type shield excavator, and in FIGS. 4 and 5, 31 is a screw conveyor that carries out the excavated soil taken into the cutter chamber 32 to the rear of the excavator 1, and 33 is a segment. 34 is a ring gear that rotates the cutter disk 35, 36 is a hydraulic motor that drives a gear 37 that meshes with the ring gear, 38 is a hydraulic motor that drives the cutter disk 35 further in the direction of bending when the excavator 1 breaks in the middle. It is a hydraulic cylinder that changes direction.

According to the embodiment having such a configuration, the excavator 1 can be operated as follows to cope with excavating tunnels having bends in various directions.

In FIG. 1, a case where the vehicle turns to the right in the direction of arrow 20a will be described. First, the shield excavator 1
As shown in Fig. 5, the front fuselage 4 of
Transfer as shown.

At that time, out of the many folded pins, only the folded pin 10 and its pair are inserted into the pin insertion tubes 9a, 9b, etc. by the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 15 for insertion and removal (Fig. 2 a, b). (see). Of course, the other bent pins are removed as shown by the two-dot chain line in Figure a.

As shown in FIG. 5, the left shield jack 18 is first expanded, and its spreader 27 presses the front end surface 26a of the tunnel wall 26, leaving the right shield jack 18 in a state where it cannot be expanded or contracted. Therefore, the front body 4 has a pair of center bending pins 1.
0 as the center, bent with respect to the rear body 5 at an angle θ
At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder 1
It is held at 6.

Further, the hydraulic cylinder 38 is extended, causing the cutter disk 35 to be further deflected in the direction of the curve. Subsequently, when all the shield jacks 18 are extended by different extension amounts along the curve of the tunnel, the cutter disk 35 of the excavator 1 excavates the face while rotating sequentially. The excavated soil is taken into a cutter chamber 32 and carried out rearward by a screw conveyor 31.

By repeating the above-mentioned operations, the excavator 1 can make a turn, and the excavator 1 excavates the tunnel while changing the bend angle θ to a desired value each time around the center bend axis. Similarly, the excavator 1 can easily turn to the left.

Furthermore, excavation can be performed in the same manner in the up-down direction 21 and in various intermediate directions between left and right and up and down, that is, in the arrow 22 direction and the arrow 23 direction. At that time, in the desired direction of the turn, insert a pair of center-folding pins that will become the center-folding axis, and remove the other center-folding pins, and then connect the front fuselage 4 with the pair of center-folding pins. By connecting the rear trunk 5, a desired progression can be achieved.

When the excavator 1 moves straight, the front fuselage 4, which has been moved to the axis 1n shown in FIG. 5, is restored to the axis 1 m line, and the excavator 1 becomes able to move straight. Then, keep the folding pin 10 inserted,
At least three of the other broken pins 11 to 13 that have been pulled out are removed from their respective pin insertion tubes 12a, 12b, 40a, 40b, 41 by extension of the hydraulic cylinder 15 and other hydraulic cylinders (not shown).
a, 41b.

Subsequently, when all the shield jacks 18 extend by an equal amount and press the front end surface 26a of the tunnel wall 26, the excavator 1 moves straight and excavates the tunnel. Note that when at least three bent pins are inserted, the connection rigidity of the shell 3 shown in FIG. 1 is increased, and the excavator 1 excavates the tunnel smoothly.

In this way, even with a hydraulic cylinder, the two opposing bent pins of the bent pin pair are simultaneously inserted into and removed from the pin insertion tube of the front body and the pin insertion tube of the rear body, so that the front body and the rear body are connected. It is possible to connect or disconnect the overlapping pin insertion tubes at the connecting portion. At this time, it is possible to ensure that the shield body is bent in the middle along the current longitudinal axis of the shield body, with the center of the joint between the front shell and the rear shell as a reference, so that its curved state is accurate.

As described above in detail, the present invention allows the shield body to move in a curved posture not only in the vertical direction and the left and right directions, but also in an intermediate direction. Therefore, when making a complicated three-dimensional bend, the shield body can be easily bent in the desired direction. In addition, when bending in the middle, the shield body is tilted based on the current vertical axis line, which speeds up excavation preparation and improves the efficiency of excavation work, and enables curved excavation in the desired direction and position. becomes.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the main parts of a shield tunneling machine to which the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 a is a front view of a bent pin, Fig. 2 b is a view taken along the - line in Fig. a, and Fig. 3 is a FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the shield tunneling machine, and FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the shield tunneling machine in the mid-folded state. 1... Center-folding type shield excavator, 2... Shield body, 3... Torso, 4... One shell (front shell), 5
...Other body (rear body), 6... Connection member, 15...
...Cylinder (hydraulic cylinder), 9a, 9b,
12a, 12b, 14a, 14b, 40a, 40
b, 41a, 41b...Pin insertion tube, 10, 1
1, 12, 13... Center-folded pins.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The shield body is divided into two longitudinally adjacent bodies, and a pin is inserted into and removed from the connecting portion between one body and the other body to bring the shield body into a bent state while moving. In a center-folding type shield excavator that can move straight forward or straight, the connecting member provided at the connection between one of the adjacent shells and the other shell has a structure that expands and contracts in the diametrical direction of the shield body. The cylinder is provided with a cylinder that moves forward and backward in the diametrical direction of the shield body when the cylinder expands and contracts, and functions as a center-folding shaft that enables the above-mentioned one shell and the other shell to be folded vertically, horizontally, etc., and , a bent pin having the function of maintaining a straight traveling state is provided, and pin insertion tubes into which the bent pin is inserted and removed are provided on each of one shell and the other shell and are arranged so as to overlap each other, and the shield main body A plurality of pairs of bent pins located at ends on one diameter line and facing each other and constituting one pair are arranged at different angles around the shield body; At the same time, two bent pins are inserted into and removed from the pin insertion tube of one body and the pin insertion tube of the other body to enable or disconnect the overlapping pin insertion tubes. A center-folding type shield excavator characterized by being able to.