JPH0375166B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a chair in which a backrest is provided with a convex support portion that abuts the main parts of the spinal column and pelvis.

[Conventional technology]

It was about 40 years ago that Swiss ergonomics expert Grangeyan published his research stating that the backrest is the most important part of a chair. Previous chairs had a horizontal seat with a vertical backrest, but the backrest was tilted vertically or slightly forward from the seat to the height of the armrests, The upper part of the armrest is sloped backward at an angle of 115 degrees with respect to the horizontal. This research into 115 degrees remains the standard for backrests even today.

Looking at the progress and development of chairs since then, we can see that the functional aspect of the chair is that the angle of the backrest can be easily changed depending on how it is used, the angle of the seat can be changed accordingly, and the chair has a large cushion. There are some products that are very comfortable to use for short periods of time. However, it can be said that there has been no immediate progress or improvement in the chair, which is one of the most important basic functions of a chair, allowing you to rest with peace of mind even for long periods of time, and at least as a chair that does not cause back pain.

Cushions that are generally too soft may be good for Westerners, but they are not good for Japanese people who tend to have kyphosis, along with cushions that are too soft. , which can be said to be truly undesirable. However, many Japanese chairs still have Western-style backrests, and the more expensive the chairs, the more they seem to have a negative impact on the Japanese spine.

On the other hand, for automobiles and the like, various types of backrests have been devised that provide great cushioning and acupressure effects for the purpose of correcting driving posture and the like. For example, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 58-82155 discloses that a belt-shaped bag that can be expanded and contracted is disposed within the lumbar support part of a vehicle seat bag to support the user's lumbar region in a cradling manner. It has been disclosed that the feeling is alleviated and the lateral stability is improved.

In addition, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 45-9763 states that when the driver of a car sits in the seat, it can be used to cushion the impact and protect the back, as well as to correct the spine by appropriately pressing the vertebrae and spinal cord. The cushion, which is sandwiched between the seat and the back, is a hollow body with curved front and side surfaces and a flat back surface.

Furthermore, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 39-14507 discloses a device in which a back plate placed on the driver's cab seat is provided with a protrusion for pressing the lower back and a protrusion for clamping the lower back in order to prevent a hunched posture while driving. are doing.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Figures 26 and 27 show a view of the lumbar vertebrae and pelvis of the human body seen from the back, and a perspective view of the pelvis seen from the left front. , the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae are connected to the sacral vertebrae located in the center of the ilium on both the left and right sides of the pelvis, and the cervical vertebrae are anteriorly curved, the thoracic vertebrae are posteriorly curved, and the lumbar vertebrae are anteriorly curved.
It is a so-called S-shaped curve. Note that when each of the vertebrae above protrudes ventrally, it is called anterior curvature, and conversely, when it protrudes dorsally, it is called posterior curvature.

Now, if we classify the orthopedic disease of low back pain based on the form of the anteroposterior curvature of the lumbar vertebrae, we can find lumbar kyphosis, in which the lumbar vertebrae, which should normally be curved forward, are curved backwards, and lumbar kyphosis, in which the lumbar vertebrae are excessively curved forward. It is said that lumbar kyphosis is particularly common among Japanese people, whereas hyperlordosis is common in Westerners, but kyphosis is said to be rare. .

In this way, Japanese and Western people show completely opposite trends in diseases caused by anteroposterior curvature of the lumbar vertebrae. It is no wonder that Western-style chairs are uncomfortable for Japanese people.

On the other hand, medical research in Japan examines how the spinal column changes with age.
To summarize this, the central part of the curve of the lumbar vertebrae, which is originally curved forward, decreases in forward curve as we age, gradually shifting toward the lower part, a change that can be called straightening. . In addition, the slope of the pelvic sacrum, which connects just below the lumbar vertebrae, is
The body, which used to be tilted forward at about 30 degrees, becomes almost vertical with age. This research supports the fact that the lumbar vertebrae of Japanese people tend to become kyphotic with age, and that lumbar kyphosis, which is rarely seen in Westerners, is often seen.

Is there a relationship between the straightening of the lumbar vertebrae and the verticalization (uprighting) of the pelvic and sacrum due to aging? In other words, does the straightening of the lumbar vertebrae progress first, followed by the uprighting of the pelvic and sacrum? Regarding the question of whether or not the pelvis and sacrum become more upright, the inventor's research has concluded that the pelvis becomes more upright first, followed by straightening of the lumbar vertebrae.

The lumbar vertebrae in the spinal column are places that are subject to a great deal of stress, and the curvature, which should be in a good shape to bear the burden, gradually decreases and straightens.
Despite the fact that chairs are a major cause of low back pain, research on conventional chairs has not shown any signs of improvement in preventing such straightening of the lumbar vertebrae.

For this reason, even if you try to maintain a relatively good posture on a conventional chair, as time passes, you will not be able to bear the pain and will change the position of your hips one after another.
You end up repeating poor posture by changing the angle of your upper body. This means that, apart from people with very strong backs, especially those with weak backs and a tendency to kyphosis in the lumbar vertebrae, the process described above can lead to lower back pain or worsen it. become.

In addition, many experts believe that the fifth lumbar vertebrae (lumbar vertebrae 5) is the area that causes ``swaying'' and is unstable. Therefore, it is often said to be the cause of many lower back pains. However, conventional chairs lack the idea of supporting this area, including preventing ``swaying.''

This is the same even in the above-mentioned publications that support the lumbar vertebrae.
Although it supports the lumbar vertebrae above the waist, it does not fully support the part of the pelvis below the fifth lumbar vertebrae, making it impossible to prevent "stagger" around the fifth lumbar vertebrae. Moreover, as seen in Figures 26 and 27, the pelvis forms a large mass, so even if you support the lumbar vertebrae and press it forward, as described in each publication, the pelvis will not move. However, it is difficult to tilt the pelvis forward and maintain the pelvic-sacral angle. It cannot be corrected to have a curve.

Therefore, it is important to suppress the "wobble" around the 5th lumbar vertebrae, keep the pelvis upright, maintain the forward curvature of the lumbar vertebrae, keep the S-shaped curve of the lumbar vertebrae in the correct direction as much as possible, and further improve the sacroiliac region. The goal of a good chair is to prevent lower back pain caused by misalignment and subluxation of the hip joint.

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned needs, and an object of the present invention is to provide a chair that maintains the angle of the pelvic sacrum and maintains the S-curve of the spinal column in a good shape.

[Means to solve the problem]

Orthopedic surgeons and therapists say that while the spine has been studied, there has been very little research on the pelvis. If you look closely at the above, all of these problems are related to the pelvis, so the present invention not only allows the lower back to rest freely on the seat like in conventional chairs, but also allows the entire pelvis to be used as the basis of the sitting posture. Depending on the intended use of the chair, there should be enough room for sitting, while the position and angle of the pelvis should be determined and regulated as much as possible.

The above purpose of use differs in various specifications such as shape and height depending on the lumbar vertebrae of the individual using it, but the common general shape is that in a chair equipped with a seat and a backrest, the backrest is used for seating. a lumbosacral region support portion that contacts the lumbosacral region from the lower lumbar vertebrae to the upper sacrum of a seated person; and sacroiliac region support portions that abut the sacroiliac joint region of a seated person on both sides of the lumbosacral region support portion. , is characterized by being formed in a convex shape.

The backrest portion may be provided with a convex hip joint part support part that comes into contact with the hip joint part of a seated person below the sacroiliac part support part. Further, the seat can be formed with a seat hip joint part support convex part that supports the hip joint part of a seated person, if necessary, in cooperation with the hip joint part support part of the backrest part.

The lumbosacral region support portion and the sacroiliac region support portion may be attached to a base plate that is detachably attached to the backrest portion. Additionally, a hip joint support section can also be attached to this base plate.

[Effect]

The present invention configured as described above supports the lumbosacral region from the fifth lumbar vertebrae to the upper part of the sacrum of a seated person by the lumbosacral region support portion formed in a convex shape, thereby suppressing "wobble" in the lumbosacral region. It's becoming like that. In addition, the lumbosacral region support section presses the upper part of the pelvic sacrum forward, making it possible to tilt the pelvis, which has a large mass, forward, and by tilting the sacrum as far forward as possible, the lumbar vertebrae This prevents straightening of the lumbar vertebrae, supports the natural tendency of the lumbar vertebrae to curve forward, maintains a good S-shaped curve of the vertebral column, and creates a shape that facilitates connection of the fifth lumbar vertebra and the top of the sacrum (first sacrum).

Then, the sacroiliac support parts provided on both sides of the lumbosacral support part come into contact with both outer sides of the sacroiliac part, and hold the sacroiliac part tightly to prevent "slippage" at the contact point between the sacrum and the ilium. Prevent as much as possible.

Further, the hip joint part support part prevents subluxation of the hip joint by holding and supporting the hip joint part from both sides, thereby contributing to prevention of scoliosis and the like. In addition, in order to restrict the displacement of the hip joint, a seat hip joint region supporting convex portion is formed on the seat portion as necessary.

〔Example〕

A preferred embodiment of the chair according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 5 show a first embodiment of a support part provided in a backrest of a chair according to the present invention.

In these figures, the support part 10 installed in the backrest of the chair has a lumbosacral region support part 12 whose central part abuts the lumbosacral region extending from the fifth lumbar vertebrae to the upper part of the pelvic sacrum of a person seated on the chair. On both sides of the lumbosacral region support section 12 in the longitudinal direction, there are sacroiliac region support sections 14 that contact the sacroiliac region, which is the junction between the sacrum and the ilium of a seated person. Part 1
It is formed integrally with 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the support part 10 is curved in such a shape that the side of the lumbosacral region support part 12 that contacts the pelvis (front side) matches the circumferential direction of the lumbar region. In addition, the lumbosacral region support portion 12
extends to the sacroiliac region support portions 14 on both sides, gradually becoming higher in line with the abutting lower back region, and is connected to the sacroiliac region support portions 14 with a curved surface. The lumbosacral region support section 12 and the sacroiliac region support section 14 are made of solid members in order to provide a firm support structure.
It is constructed using a cushioning material that is soft enough to touch the surface.

The support portion 10 configured as described above is installed inside the lower part of the backrest of the chair.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the support portion 10 is fixed to a support plate 23 forming the backrest portion of the chair 22, and its surface is covered with a suitable cushion. Note that the surface of the support portion 10 shown in FIG. 7 is represented by mesh-like lines in order to make it easier to understand the uneven state. Also, arrow
D ₁ indicates the direction of _the arrow in FIG.
indicates the arrow direction in FIG. 2 when viewed from below the chair 22, and arrow _D3 indicates the arrow direction in FIG. 3 when the support portion 10 is viewed from the side of the chair 22.

Support part 10 attached to chair 22 as shown in FIG.
The lumbosacral region support portion 12 is arranged so as to abut the lumbosacral region of a seated person, ranging from the lower lumbar vertebrae to the upper sacrum, as shown in FIG. At this time,
The sacroiliac region support parts 14, 14 are adapted to abut on and support the sacroiliac region located on both sides of the sacrum. Further, although the support part 10 requires firm support and has cushioning properties to the extent of making the contact soft, by providing this support part, the comfort of sitting on the chair is not impaired.
It is necessary to demonstrate coercive force to the extent that it does not become unreasonable.

The operation of the embodiment configured as described above is as follows.

When a person sitting on the chair of the embodiment leans his or her back against the backrest, the lumbosacral region support section 12 of the support section 10 comes into contact with a part of the lumbosacral region from the fifth lumbar vertebrae to the upper part of the sacrum. Since the lumbosacral support part is curved along the abutment part, it provides the necessary support to the pelvis including the sacrum, and is said to be a frequent cause of low back pain. In addition to exhibiting the effect of suppressing "light-headedness",
Push the top of the sacrum forward to prevent the sacrum from standing upright and keep the S-curve of the spine in the best possible shape. In addition, the sacroiliac region support section 14 contacts the sacroiliac region from the outside and cooperates with the lumbosacral region support section to define and hold the position of the pelvis, thereby preventing the misalignment between the sacrum and the ilium. To contribute to the prevention and recovery of pain, and to easily maintain a stable posture while sitting in comfortable shoes, so that even people with chronic lower back pain can sit for a long time without losing their posture.

9 to 13 show a second embodiment. The support part 10 of this embodiment has the lower parts of both sacroiliac part support parts 14, 14 slightly expanded and extended downward, and hip joint part support parts 16, 16 are integrally formed at the lowest part of the backrest. It is. The hip joint part support part 16 abuts the rear part of the hip joint connecting the lower pelvis and the head of the femur from both sides, and holds the hip joint part from the outside with a restraining force.
Contributes to the prevention of subluxation in the hip joint.

The support part 10 of the second embodiment configured in this way is also the same as the support part 1 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG.
0, it is attached to the support plate 23 of the backrest portion of the chair 22. And the hip joint part support part 16
comes into contact with the hip joint region of the person seated on the chair, as shown in FIG. 8, and firmly supports this region.

Note that the support portion 10 shown in FIG. 14 is also represented by a mesh-like line on the surface as in FIG. 7.
Arrow D ₉ indicates the direction of the arrow in FIG. 9 when the support section 10 is viewed from the front of the chair, and arrow D ₁₀ indicates the direction of the arrow in FIG. 10 when the support section 10 is viewed from below the chair. . Arrow _D11 indicates the direction of the arrow in FIG. 11 when the support portion 10 is viewed from the side of the chair.

FIGS. 15 to 17 show embodiments of a seat hip joint region supporting convex portion that is provided on the seat of a chair as required.

A pair of seat hip joint region supporting protrusions 18 are formed on the seat structure 20 of the chair as shown in FIG. It is disposed internally at a position corresponding to the hip joint part support part 16 inscribed in the backrest part 26, and cooperates with the hip joint part support part 16 to hold the hip joint.

19 to 21 show another embodiment in which the lumbosacral region support portion 12, sacroiliac region support portion 14, and hip joint region support portion 16 are each formed separately. The embodiment in which each support part is constructed separately and a gap is provided between each support part has the effect of improving air permeability.

FIGS. 22 to 24 show still another embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the lumbosacral region support section 12, the sacroiliac region support section 14, and the hip joint region support section 16 of the embodiment shown in FIG. This embodiment is a portable corrector that can be attached to and removed from a chair, and is used by leaning against the backrest 26 of an existing chair 22, as shown in FIG. In this case, the lumbosacral region support part 1
2 is a sacroiliac region support part 14 at the upper part of the sacrum in the lumbosacral region.
is set so as to abut on the sacroiliac region, and the hip joint region support portion 16 is set so as to abut on the hip joint region. The most important point is that care must be taken to prevent the lumbosacral region support portion 12 from coming into contact with the upper part of the lumbosacral region.

Although this portable backrest corrector exhibits the same effect as the above-mentioned embodiment when used on a general existing chair, an example will be given here of the case where it is used on a car seat.

There are many cases where a person who has received treatment for lower back pain and whose pain has subsided, aggravates the symptoms due to the backrest of the car on the way home by car, reversing even the best treatment, but it is unavoidable. If this happens repeatedly, the treatment will not go smoothly. In such cases, by using the portable corrector shown in Figure 22 on the car seat and on a regular chair after returning home, the treatment can proceed smoothly without reversing. Now I can do it.

A driver with chronic lower back pain had no choice but to drive while feeling slight pain and stiffness in his lower back every time he drove.The lower back pain gradually worsened while driving, and after getting out of the car, he bent his upper body, held his lower back, and was finally able to walk. However, since I started using this compensator, the pain while driving disappeared.
I almost no longer felt any discomfort, and after getting off the train, I was able to walk normally.

Although my back pain has been cured for the time being through treatment, it used to be the case that I would go for treatment for a while whenever it worsened twice a year during the so-called seasonal changes of spring and autumn. By using it in existing chairs or car seats, the occurrence of lower back pain twice a year has been suppressed.

Note that the usage conditions for this portable backrest corrector will vary depending on the type of chair used. The height and position of the support portion relative to the contact area may vary depending on the angle between the cushion seat surface of the chair seat and the backrest, or the individual's sitting habits. Therefore, it is desirable that each abutment part support part be constructed so that its position and height can be adjusted. This adjustment structure is a well-known, common, and simple structure, so illustration thereof is omitted. Furthermore, it has a sufficient recovery effect in cases of lower back pain or lower back stiffness that do not necessarily require treatment by a medical professional.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, the pelvic sacrum, which is essential for maintaining good posture, is supported by the lumbosacral region support portion formed in a convex shape on the backrest. In addition to preventing "light-headedness," it also pushes the sacrum forward and tilts it forward to create its original stable shape, causing the lumbar vertebrae to follow the sacrum and create the natural forward curvature suitable for the person.
Make the S-curve into a good shape. In addition, the sacroiliac region support section works together with the lumbosacral region support section to hold the pelvis, preventing "slippage" between the sacrum and ilium, making it easier to maintain a good posture, making this chair durable for long periods of time. It is becoming.

The hip joint support part contributes to the prevention of subluxation of the hip joint, and the chair can be used with peace of mind without aggravating the problem.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a support part in which a lumbosacral part support part and a sacroiliac part support part are integrally formed inside the backrest part of a chair according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 2, and FIG. Figure 6 is the first
A perspective view, seen diagonally from below, showing the support part of the embodiment attached to the backrest support plate of the chair;
Fig. 7 is a perspective view from diagonally above the front showing the support part of the first embodiment attached to the backrest support plate of the chair, and Fig. 8 shows the lumbosacral region and sacroiliac region of a person sitting on the chair. FIG. 9 is a front view of the second embodiment in which a hip joint part support part for supporting the hip joint part from the backrest side is added;
The figure is a view taken in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 9, FIG. 11 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 9, FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the support part of the second embodiment as seen diagonally from above, showing the state in which the support part of the second embodiment is attached to the backrest support plate of the chair, and FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the seat of the chair according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a front view of the hip joint region supporting convex portion formed in the section, and FIG. 16 is a view taken in the direction of FIG.
The figure is a view taken in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 15, FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the chair according to the present invention, and FIG. 19 is a front view of an embodiment in which each joint support part is formed separately. Figure 20 is a directional view of Figure 19,
1 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 19, and FIG. 22 is a front view of an embodiment in which the lumbosacral region support section, the sacroiliac region support section, and the hip joint region support section are fixed to a detachable base plate on the backrest. 23 is a view in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 22, FIG. 24 is a view in the direction of the arrow in FIG.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of the chair in which the embodiment shown in Figure 22 is installed, Figure 26 is a view of the lumbar vertebrae and pelvis seen from the back, and Figure 27 is a view of the pelvis seen from the left front. FIG. 10... Support part, 12... Lumbosacral region support part, 1
4... Sacroiliac region support part, 16... Hip joint region support part, 18... Seat hip joint region support convex part, 22...
Chair, 23... Support plate, 24... Seat, 26...
Backrest portion, 28...Mounting base plate.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A chair comprising a seat and a backrest, the backrest comprising: a lumbosacral region support portion that contacts the lumbosacral region from the lower lumbar vertebrae to the upper sacrum of a seated person; A chair characterized in that sacroiliac region support portions on both sides of the sacroiliac region support portion that come into contact with the sacroiliac joint region of a seated person are formed in a convex shape. 2. In the chair according to claim 1, the backrest portion has a hip joint region supporting portion below the sacroiliac region support that abuts the hip joint region of the seated person and is formed in a convex shape. A chair characterized by: 3. In the chair according to claim 1, the lumbosacral region support portion and the sacroiliac region support portion are
A chair characterized in that a detachable base plate is attached to the backrest portion. 4. The chair according to claim 2, wherein the lumbosacral region support portion, the sacroiliac region support portion, and the hip joint region support portion are attached to a base plate that is detachably attached to the backrest portion. A distinctive chair.