JPH0375233B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a garbage processing apparatus for processing so-called shredder dust after collecting automobile scrap products, home appliances, bulky garbage, etc. and crushing them in a shredder.

Conventionally, to dispose of the shredder dust mentioned above, the shredder dust was generally dumped into a landfill by trucks, etc., but some of the treated material would scatter during transportation, causing environmental health problems. Moreover, it has the drawback of being bulky, making it uneconomical due to high transportation and dumping costs.

In view of the above-mentioned points, the present invention provides an apparatus that can handle shredder dust easily and economically, and furthermore, with simple improvements, can easily remove molded products after compression molding. The purpose is to make it possible to perform it safely and successfully.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the garbage disposal device of the present invention includes a first casing in which a screw is driven and rotatably installed, and a processing material supply section connected to the first casing, and a cutting blade provided on the inner circumferential surface of the first casing. attached, and the first
A molding section is provided for compression molding the processed material by reducing the effective conveyance cross-sectional area with the casing, and is connected to the open end of the first casing so that the molded product removal path extends all the way around the circumferential direction. It is characterized in that a second casing for covering and shape-retaining is provided, and a gap for ventilation is formed between the inner circumferential surface of the second casing and the outer circumferential surface of the molded product.

In other words, we focused on the fact that shredder dust contains a large amount of petroleum products such as vinyl and plastics, and while transporting the shredder dust, we further shred it using a cutting blade and process the shredded product. Compression molding is carried out while being transported, and as a result, heat is generated due to friction between the processed material and the inner circumferential surface of the first casing, melting the petroleum product in the processed material and surrounding the molded material with the molten material, The molten material is cooled and solidified, and the processed product is taken out as a molded product.

Therefore, the shredder dust can be crushed and compressed to significantly reduce its volume, and the petroleum products contained therein can be effectively used for coagulation and solidification, and the processed material can be solidified without using any coagulation and solidification agent. ,
It is possible to obtain a shaped molded product, which is easy to handle and has a lower bulk than conventional products, which reduces transportation costs and dumping costs for transporting it to a landfill or later use. It is possible to eliminate the scattering of dust during transportation, thereby reliably avoiding deterioration in environmental hygiene.Furthermore, the cost of chemicals for coagulation and solidification is unnecessary, and as a whole, shredder dust can be handled easily and economically. Now I can process it.

In addition, since crushing, compression, solidification, and molding of the processed material can be carried out while transporting the processed material, it is possible to continuously process the shredder dust and take out the molded product, which is advantageous in terms of work efficiency. .

Moreover, although a gap is only formed between the second casing for shape retention, which is provided in series with the first casing, and the molded product taken out through the inside, the heat generated in the molded part Immediately after compression and associated heating are completed, the steam generated can be quickly discharged through the gap when the molded product is removed from the first casing.
It is possible to prevent steam from accumulating in the second casing and the molded product being ejected and scattered due to the pressure generated by the steam. Moreover, for example, a vent hole is provided in the casing or the screw shaft to discharge the steam. If the steam is sucked and discharged using a blower or the like, there is a risk that the ventilation holes will be clogged with the material to be processed, leading to premature exhaust failure. By dispersing them, it is possible to easily avoid poor exhaust caused by clogging with processed materials, and overall, simple improvements have made it possible to safely and efficiently remove molded products after compression molding. .

In addition, since the shredder dust is further crushed and compressed and solidified, high-density molded products can be obtained, which can be used as aggregates and building materials in civil engineering and construction, and even when the content of petroleum products is high. It can be used in various ways afterward, such as as fuel, and has the advantage of further improving economic efficiency.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on illustrative drawings.

A screw conveyor 2 driven by an electric motor 1 is connected to a quantitative hopper 3 as a processing material supply section on one longitudinal side thereof, and a forming section 4 is provided on the other side. A take-out device 5 is provided in series with the machine to supply a fixed amount of processed material called shredder dust after collecting automobile scrap products, home appliances, bulky garbage, etc. and crushing it in a shredder, and transporting the processed material. While crushing, compressing, and molding,
The garbage disposal device is configured to take out the molded product. In the figure, 6 indicates a conveyor for supplying processed materials, and 7 indicates a conveyor for taking out molded products.

The screw conveyor 2 has a quantitative hopper 3.
A screw 9 is provided in the first casing 8, which is made up of a cylindrical member 8a having an equal diameter and a large diameter over almost the entire length in the longitudinal direction on the side, and a truncated conical cylindrical member 8b having a tapered cylindrical shape on the ejecting device 5 side. It is composed of

Cutting blades 10 are attached to the inner circumferential surface of the large-diameter cylindrical member 8a at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and are configured to crush the material while conveying it.

The blade body 9a of the screw 9 is configured to have a smaller diameter toward the downstream side in the conveying direction of the processed material at the location where it is installed inside the truncated conical cylinder member 8b.
The effective conveyance area between the cylindrical member 8b and the truncated conical cylinder member 8b is reduced, and the material to be crushed is compressed. Heat is generated by friction between the inner peripheral surface of the truncated conical cylinder member 8b, melting petroleum products such as vinyl and plastic contained in the processed material, and the melt is transferred to the truncated conical cylinder member 8b by centrifugal force. The molten material is made to flow toward the inner peripheral surface, and the processed material is formed by solidifying the molten material.
The molding section 4 is configured.

A cutting blade 10a is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the truncated conical cylinder member 8b at a position extending slightly over 1/2 from the starting end in the direction of transfer of the processed material in the direction of the axis of the cylinder and spaced apart at a predetermined interval in the direction. At the location where the cutting blades 10a are connected, as the workpieces located between the adjacent cutting blades 10a, 10a... are moved in the direction of the axis of the cylinder during cutting and crushing, the workpieces and the workpieces are separated. Heat is generated by friction with the inner peripheral surface of the conical cylinder member 8b, and is generated by friction between the workpiece rotating together with the screw 9 and the workpiece located between the adjacent cutting blades 10a, 10a. It is also configured to generate heat. Then, as the cutting blade 10a...
The structure is such that heat is generated by friction between the object to be processed and the inner circumferential surface of the truncated conical cylinder member 8b, and compression and melting can be performed satisfactorily.

Eight guide rods 11 are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction from the open end of the truncated conical cylinder member 8b to the take-out device 5, and the take-out device prevents the molded product from rotating together with the screw 9. Molded product removal path R so as to supply the molded product to
is configured. The number of guide rods 11 is not limited to eight, but may be any number such as four or six.

A second shape-retaining casing 12 that covers a predetermined length on the starting end side of the molded product take-out route R and covers the entire circumferential direction of the take-out route R is connected to the open end of the truncated conical cylinder member 8b. The second casing is configured to be transferred while maintaining the molded state well even if the softness is high when taken out from the molding section 4, and along with the transfer along the taking out path R, the second casing is moved at the starting end side. indirectly through 12,
The terminal ends are directly cooled by outside air to solidify the molded product.

The inner diameter of the second casing 12 is configured to be larger toward the downstream side in the transport direction of the molded product, and there is a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the molded product to be taken out and the inner peripheral surface of the second casing 12 in the direction of the cylinder axis. An annular gap S is formed over almost the entire length, and water vapor and gas generated due to exothermic melting in the molding section 4 are released into the atmosphere through the gap S as the molded product is taken out from the molding section 4. It is configured to prevent the molded product from being ejected due to the pressure of generated steam or gas.

8 in the circumferential direction at the discharge end of the second casing 12
Removal member 14 formed with retrieval holes 13...
is provided so that it can be driven and rotated intermittently by a motor 15 by 45 degrees at predetermined time intervals, and receives the molded product from the second casing 12 into the take-out hole 13, and rotates the take-out member 14 in a state in which a predetermined amount of the molded product is accommodated. The take-out device 5 is configured to shear the molded product and sequentially take out a predetermined amount of the molded product. In this take-out device 5, hydraulic cylinders 18 and 19 with pushers 16 and 17 attached are provided on each side of the second casing 12, one of the pushers 16 and 17 is used for compression, and the other 17 is used for extrusion. A predetermined amount of the molded product accommodated in the take-out hole 13 is further compression-molded by the pusher 16, and then the final molded product is sent to the take-out hole 1 by the pusher 17.
3 and transported to a desired location by a chute 20 and conveyor 7.

In the figure, 21 indicates a lid that closes the extraction hole 13 other than the location relative to the chute 20.

At a location inside the truncated conical cylinder member 8b, feeding blades 9b are connected to the blade base 9a at a predetermined interval in the helical direction, so that the material to be processed and the blade base 9a are separated from each other during the compression process. Irrespective of slippage between the two, the material to be processed is forcibly transferred by the feed blades 9b, and the processing amount per unit time can be greatly increased.

A heating device 23 using an electric heater 22 is attached to the outer periphery of the second casing 12, and a cooling device 26 is fitted around the heating device 23 and causes cooling water from the cooling tower 24 to flow into the annular flow path 25. The heating device 23 and the cooling device 26 are selectively operated according to the ambient temperature at a location close to the molding part 4 in the second casing 12 to keep the above-mentioned ambient temperature within a set range (for example, 150°C). ~170℃), and harmful gases such as chlorine gas are generated due to the high temperature, and
It is configured to avoid any melting failures due to low temperatures.

The molding section 4 can be constructed by reducing its conveying cross-sectional area and performing compression processing. For example, the truncated conical cylindrical member 8b and the cylindrical member 8a have the same diameter and are integrally formed, and the screw shaft 9c is conveyed. It may be configured such that the diameter becomes larger toward the lower side in the direction.

The second casing 12 may be provided so as to cover almost the entire length of the molded product removal route R, and the second casing 12 may be provided so as to cover almost the entire length of the molded product removal route R.
The casing 12 may be provided with the lower surface horizontal, and the gap S may be formed on the upper side to allow the processed material to be well received for shape retention while allowing steam and gas to be smoothly discharged. good.

The above garbage disposal equipment usually has an apparent specific gravity.
0.06g/ ^cm3 , does not contain metal pieces with a diameter of 5mm or more, and is used to treat shredder dust with an individual size of 50mm or less, and after treatment, approximately 1/15 to 1 Capacity can be reduced to /20,
Moreover, a molded article having a specific gravity of about 1.1 to 1.8 can be obtained.
The size and shape of the molded product can be determined, for example, by appropriately setting the diameters of the second casing 12 and the extraction holes 13, as well as the configuration of the extraction member 14.
A desired shape such as a cylindrical shape of 80 to 130φ can be obtained.

The molded product obtained as described above can be used not only as a landfill material but also as a building material or a fuel depending on the composition of the contents. , the high-temperature gas may be configured so that part of the obtained molded product is obtained as fuel.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is an overall side view, FIG. 2 is an overall longitudinal sectional view, FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of main parts, and FIG.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line - of Fig. 3, Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the - line of Fig. 3, Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line -
The figure is a sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 3... Processed material supply section, 4... Molding section, 8... First casing, 9... Screw, 10, 10a... Cutting blade, 12... Second casing, R... Molded product removal route, S... Gap.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 The first screw 9 is installed inside so that it can be driven and rotated freely.
The processing material supply section 3 is connected to the casing 8 , and cutting blades 10 , 10 a are attached to the inner peripheral surface of the first casing 8 , and a cutting blade 10 , 10 a is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the first casing 8 , and a cutting blade 10 , 10 a is attached to the conveying end portion of the screw 9 between the first casing 8 and the first casing 8 . A molding section 4 is provided for compressing and molding the processed material by reducing the effective conveyance cross-sectional area, and is connected to the open end of the first casing 8 to cover the entire circumferential direction of the molded product removal path R. A garbage disposal device characterized in that a second casing 12 for shape retention is provided, and a gap S for ventilation is formed between the inner circumferential surface of the second casing 12 and the outer circumferential surface of the molded product.