【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、指輪、ネツクレス、ブローチ、ネク
タイピン、カフスボタン、時計枠、時計バンド、
ライター、筆記具、眼鏡枠、イヤリング等の装飾
品に使用する銀材料の改良に関する。
（従来技術と問題点）
従来、上記の如き装飾品に使用する材料として
は、銀−銅（５〜15重量％）合金が多用されてい
る。
然し乍ら、この銀−銅（５〜15重量％）合金
は、装飾品の製作段階で数回繰返される焼なま
し、ろう付け等の熱処理で合金の結晶粒が粗大化
し易く、この為仕上げ面の光沢が出にくく、且つ
軟かくなりすぎ、傷が付き易くなる。また焼なま
しやろう付け等の熱処理は、その殆んどが大気中
で行われ、銀−銅合金中の銅は酸化し易い為、熱
処理により材料表面に酸化銅の皮膜が形成され
る。この酸化皮膜は強固であるので機械的に削り
取るか、酸洗いなど化学的処理をして取り除かな
ければならない。またその酸化皮膜は均一に取り
にくい為、最終的に製品の色むらの原因になる。
さらにろう付け作業に於いては、ろう付け部が酸
化し、酸化銅によりろう付けしにくくなつたり、
ろう付け不良になり易い等の問題点があつた。
（発明の目的）
本発明は上記の銀−銅合金より成る装飾品用銀
材料の問題点を解決すべくなされたものであり、
焼なまし、ろう付け等の熱処理で、結晶粒の粗大
化が無く、硬さを高くすることができ、酸化皮膜
が生じることが無く、ろう付け不良の生じること
の無い装飾品用銀材料を提供することを目的とす
るものである。
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明の装飾品用銀材料は、銀中に酸化亜鉛と
酸化インジウムを１〜15重量％を均一微細に分散
して成るものである。
本発明の装飾品用銀材料に於いて、銀中に酸化
亜鉛と酸化インジウムを１〜15重量％分散した理
由は、１重量％未満では焼なまし、ろう付け等の
熱処理時の結晶粒粗大化を抑えることができず、
また硬さが低く、15重量％を超えると結晶細粒化
及び硬さを硬くする効果は一層良くなるが、塑性
加工しにくくなり、材料が割れたり、成形しにく
くなるからである。
（作用）
上記構成の本発明の装飾品用銀材料は、銀中に
均一微細に分散した亜鉛及びインジウムの酸化物
が、焼なまし、ろう付け等の熱処理での結晶細粒
化剤となつて、熱処理による結晶粒の粗大化を防
ぎ、硬さも銀−銅合金より硬く維持されるので、
最終仕上げで光沢を出し易く、傷も付きにくい。
また亜鉛及びインジウムの酸化物が既に銀中に分
散しているので、焼なまし、ろう付け等の大気中
での熱処理で酸化皮膜が生じることが無いので、
銀−銅合金の場合のように酸化皮膜を取り除く必
要が無く、製品の色むらも起らない。さらにろう
付け部が酸化することが無いので、ろう付け作業
がし易く、ろう付け不良も起りにくい。
（実施例及び従来例）
本発明の装飾品用銀材料の実施例１〜４は粉末
治金法にて製作した下記の表の左欄に示す成分組
成で、これらの装飾品銀材料と、同じく下記の表
の左欄に示す成分組成の従来例１〜３の装飾品用
銀材料とで各々ブローチを製作した。この時焼な
まし３回、ろう付け１個所、熱処理回数合計４回
行つた。
こうして製作したブローチの仕上げ面を検査
し、ろう付け強度、硬さを測定した処、下記の表
の右欄に示す結果を得た。
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention is applicable to rings, necklaces, brooches, tie pins, cufflinks, watch frames, watch bands,
This invention relates to the improvement of silver materials used in decorative items such as lighters, writing implements, eyeglass frames, and earrings. (Prior Art and Problems) Conventionally, a silver-copper (5 to 15% by weight) alloy has been widely used as a material for decorative items such as those mentioned above. However, this silver-copper (5 to 15% by weight) alloy tends to coarsen the crystal grains of the alloy during heat treatments such as annealing and brazing that are repeated several times during the manufacturing process of decorative items, and as a result, the finished surface tends to deteriorate. It is difficult to produce gloss and becomes too soft, making it easy to get scratched. Further, most heat treatments such as annealing and brazing are performed in the atmosphere, and since copper in silver-copper alloys is easily oxidized, a copper oxide film is formed on the material surface by the heat treatment. Since this oxide film is strong, it must be removed mechanically or by chemical treatment such as pickling. Furthermore, since the oxide film is difficult to remove uniformly, it ultimately causes uneven coloring of the product.
Furthermore, during brazing work, the brazing part may oxidize and the copper oxide may make it difficult to braze.
There were problems such as easy brazing failure. (Object of the invention) The present invention was made to solve the problems of the silver material for decorative items made of the above-mentioned silver-copper alloy.
Through heat treatment such as annealing and brazing, we can produce silver materials for decorative items that do not cause coarsening of crystal grains, can increase hardness, do not form oxide films, and do not cause brazing defects. The purpose is to provide (Means for Solving the Problems) The silver material for ornaments of the present invention is made by uniformly and finely dispersing zinc oxide and indium oxide in silver in an amount of 1 to 15% by weight. The reason why zinc oxide and indium oxide are dispersed in silver in an amount of 1 to 15% by weight in the silver material for ornaments of the present invention is that if it is less than 1% by weight, crystal grains will become coarse during heat treatment such as annealing and brazing. Unable to suppress the
In addition, the hardness is low, and if it exceeds 15% by weight, the effect of crystal grain refinement and hardness will be even better, but it will become difficult to plastically work, and the material will crack or become difficult to mold. (Function) In the silver material for ornaments of the present invention having the above structure, the zinc and indium oxides uniformly and finely dispersed in the silver act as crystal grain refining agents during heat treatments such as annealing and brazing. This prevents coarsening of crystal grains due to heat treatment and maintains hardness higher than that of silver-copper alloys.
The final finish gives it a glossy finish and is scratch resistant.
In addition, since the oxides of zinc and indium are already dispersed in the silver, no oxide film is formed during heat treatment in the atmosphere such as annealing or brazing.
Unlike silver-copper alloys, there is no need to remove an oxide film, and there is no uneven coloring of the product. Furthermore, since the brazed parts are not oxidized, the brazing work is easy and brazing defects are less likely to occur. (Examples and Conventional Examples) Examples 1 to 4 of the silver materials for ornaments of the present invention were manufactured by powder metallurgy and had the component compositions shown in the left column of the table below, and these silver materials for ornaments, Similarly, brooches were manufactured using silver materials for decorative items of Conventional Examples 1 to 3 having the component compositions shown in the left column of the table below. At this time, annealing was performed three times, brazing was performed once, and heat treatment was performed a total of four times. The finished surface of the broach produced in this way was inspected, and the brazing strength and hardness were measured, and the results shown in the right column of the table below were obtained.
【表】
上記の表で明らかなように実施例１〜４の装飾
品用銀材料で製作したブローチは、従来例１〜３
の装飾品用銀材料で製作したブローチに比し、仕
上げ面に光沢が有つて色むらが無く、またろう付
け強度が高く、さらに硬度が高くて傷が付きにく
いことが判る。
（発明の効果）
以上の説明で判るように本発明の装飾品用銀材
料は、焼なまし、ろう付け等の熱処理に於いて結
晶粒の粗大化を防止でき、硬さを高くすることが
できるので、光沢の有る傷の付きにくい装飾品を
製造することができる。また本発明の装飾品用銀
材料は、焼なまし、ろう付け等の熱処理で酸化皮
膜が生じることが無いので、酸化皮膜を取り除く
作業が不要で、色むらの無い装飾品を製造するこ
とができる。さらに本発明の装飾品用銀材料は、
ろう付け部分が酸化することが無いので、ろう付
け作業が容易で、ろう付け不良が無く、ろう付け
強度の高い装飾品を製造することができる等の優
れた効果がある。[Table] As is clear from the table above, the brooches made with the silver materials for ornaments of Examples 1 to 4 are different from those of Conventional Examples 1 to 3.
Compared to brooches made from decorative silver materials, it can be seen that the finished surface is glossy and has no color unevenness, the brazing strength is high, and the hardness is high, making it difficult to scratch. (Effects of the Invention) As can be seen from the above explanation, the silver material for ornaments of the present invention can prevent coarsening of crystal grains during heat treatments such as annealing and brazing, and can increase hardness. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture shiny and scratch-resistant decorative items. In addition, the silver material for decorative items of the present invention does not form an oxide film during heat treatment such as annealing or brazing, so there is no need to remove the oxide film, and it is possible to manufacture decorative items without uneven color. can. Furthermore, the silver material for ornaments of the present invention is
Since the brazed parts are not oxidized, the brazing work is easy, there are no brazing defects, and there are excellent effects such as the ability to manufacture decorative articles with high brazing strength.