JPH0379075B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention is a method for solidifying waste Styrofoam, which is widely used as a packing material for packaging items and as a packaging container for seafood and vegetables, into a rod-shaped solid material. Regarding how to.

(Conventional technology) In recent years, with the diversification of lifestyles and industrial structures,
The quantity and quality of municipal waste and industrial waste have changed significantly, and treatment methods tailored to the type of waste have become necessary. In particular, Styrofoam packing materials and food containers have come to be used in large quantities because they are light, have excellent shock absorbing properties, and have excellent heat insulation properties, and as a result, a large amount of Styrofoam waste has been produced. Ta.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, even if styrofoam waste is landfilled as it is, it will not be disposed of easily, and its specific gravity is low and the landfill volume ratio is poor, requiring a large amount of space for landfilling. They are blown away by the wind and drift into rivers and the sea, causing environmental pollution both at sea and on land. Furthermore, there is a problem in that transportation efficiency is poor when transporting.

The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and utilizes the low melting point of expanded polystyrene to crush and compress it into a semi-molten state, and then convert it into a rod-shaped solid material to significantly reduce the solubility and improve handling and transportation efficiency. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for solidifying Styrofoam waste, which improves landfill efficiency, contributes to polystyrene resource recovery, and enables reuse as solid fuel.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the method for solidifying Styrofoam waste of the present invention includes a step of supplying Styrofoam waste and water to a screw device from an input port, and A process of crushing and feeding Styrofoam waste using a screw device,
A step of crushing and compressing the waste using a rotary compressor connected to the screw device, and melting the waste with heat while suppressing excessive heat generation using input water; In addition to extrusion molding, a step of draining the remaining water is taken.

(Function) In the method for solidifying styrofoam waste configured as described above, the styrofoam waste inputted from the input port is crushed by the screw device and fed to the next rotating compressor for recycling. It is further broken and compressed by the dynamic compressor. When compressed, Styrofoam waste self-generates heat and melts due to frictional heat, but it is cooled by the endothermic action of the sensible heat and latent heat of the feed water (for example, 60 to 70
℃), excessive heat generation is suppressed and the mixture becomes semi-molten. The semi-molten polystyrene that is sequentially fed by the screw device and the rotary compressor is pressed through the holes of the perforated plate, and then solidified into a rod-shaped solid, which is 1/40 to 1/40 of the starting material. The volume will be reduced to /100.

(Example) An example will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIGS. 1 to 5, reference numeral 1 indicates the entire solidification device for styrofoam waste, and one end of the styrofoam waste solidification device is Inlet port 1
1, and has an outlet 12 at the other end, and an inlet 1
Two parallel rotation drive shafts 2 and 3 are arranged from the outlet 1 to the outlet 12. Spiral blades are formed around the first half of these rotary drive shafts 2 and 3.
A shaft screw device 4, 4' is constructed. These two-shaft screw devices 4, 4' rotate in opposite directions (from the front to the back in FIG. 1), bite the input raw material, and crush bulky Styrofoam waste in the longitudinal direction. feed. A water supply pipe 10 equipped with an on-off throttle valve V is provided above the input port 11, so that water is supplied from the input port 11 together with waste.

At the end of the two-shaft screw device 4, 4',
Wheel bodies 5, 5' with oblique blades 51, 51' are fixedly attached to the drive shafts 2, 3, and the crushed waste from the two-shaft screw device 4, 4' is transferred to the next compressed body 6, 6'. It is designed to act to forcibly press fit. Following the wheels 5, 5', rotary compressing bodies 6, 6' are fixedly connected around the drive shafts 2, 3, and have truncated conical parts 61, 61' on the upstream side and cylindrical parts on the downstream side. Section 62,
62'. From the truncated conical portions 61, 61' to the cylindrical portions 62, 62', a plurality of diagonal grooves 63, 63' are formed at intervals on the outer peripheral surfaces thereof. Further, the rotating pressing bodies 6, 6' are surrounded by a liner 13 whose clearance c can be adjusted, and the inner surface of the liner 13 is provided with the diagonal groove 6.
A plurality of diagonal grooves 13a and 13a' are provided which intersect the grooves 3 and 63'. The object to be processed is forcibly press-fitted into the narrow clearance c between the pressing bodies 6, 6' and the liner 13, where it is strongly compressed, and the diagonal grooves 63, 63', 13a, 13a due to rotation are formed. It is further crushed by the milling action of ', and is compressed at the same time, generating self-heating, absorbing frictional heat, melting the foamed polystyrene waste, and converting adhering moisture into hydrothermal water. If sufficient water is not supplied here, the temperature of the waste will rise above its melting point, as shown by the phantom line in the graph of FIG. 5, resulting in a low-viscosity melt. When the molten material has such a low viscosity, it flows out from the perforated plate 8 at the end, making it impossible to form it into a rod shape. In order to prevent this decrease in viscosity, water is supplied together with the crushed waste between the rotating pressing bodies 6, 6' and the liner 13 by the twin screw devices 4, 4', and the temperature of the fluid is reduced to 60°C. It is cooled to ~70°C, and the excessive temperature rise is suppressed.

Immediately after the compressing bodies 6, 6', second twin screw devices 7, 7' are installed, in which the compressed state is suddenly released, and a portion of the hot water due to the heat generation is released. It evaporates due to a sudden pressure drop and absorbs latent heat from the surroundings. Steam is exhausted from an exhaust hole Q provided directly above. The fluid cooled to 60 to 70°C and having an appropriate viscosity is passed through the tapered hole 81 of the perforated plate 8 attached to the end outlet 12 by the second twin screw device 7, 7'. It is extruded while being compressed more strongly, and is discharged as a rod-shaped solid material 9. The remaining cooling water is efficiently discharged from the progressively opening holes 81a at the bottom of the perforated plate 8. In addition to providing the drainage port for the residual water in the perforated plate 8, it is not excluded that it may be provided in the bottom of the device at the end.

The perforated plate 8 is replaceably installed at the outlet 12, and as shown in FIG. A large number of holes 81..., 81a... are opened in the holes 81..., 81a.... Hole 81 for extruding rod-shaped solid material 9...
is not limited to the circular shape shown in the figure, but may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, such as a polygonal shape or a cross shape. The perforated plate 8 is provided with a thermometer T for detecting the temperature of the polystyrene semi-molten material and controlling the temperature so that the temperature of the semi-molten material is in the range of 45 to 70 DEG C. at the relevant position. That is, based on the detected temperature signal, the opening degree of the opening/closing throttle valve V of the water supply pipe 10 is adjusted by a known method using a control means, and the amount of water supplied is controlled so that melting and solidification are carried out smoothly. It is structured as follows. In particular, additional equipment such as a cooling jacket for cooling the perforated plate 8 may be provided as appropriate to achieve solidification in a short time.

Solid material 9 is about 1/40 of that of styrofoam.
The volume has been reduced to 1/100, and the apparent specific gravity of styrofoam, which was 0.001 to 0.003, is now 0.3 to 0.32.
The diameter is 15~40mm and the length is 35~
It is approximately 60 mm, which is very advantageous in terms of transport efficiency and landfill efficiency, and it can also be used as recycled polystyrene and even as fuel.

The device shown in FIG. 6 is of a single-shaft type, and a single-shaft screw device 4 is constructed by forming a spiral blade around the front half of one rotary drive shaft 2 disposed in the device 1. ing. A water supply pipe 10 equipped with an opening/closing throttle valve V is provided above the input port 11 on the starting end side of the screw device, and a wheel 5 equipped with a beveled blade 51 similar to that described above and a rotary rotor at the terminal end. A pressing body 6 is provided in series. Furthermore, a second screw device is connected to the pressing body 6, and this end outlet 12
A perforated plate 20 is attached to the holder. A thermometer T similar to that described above is attached to the porous plate 20.
The process of forming solid material from Styrofoam waste is the same as in the above embodiment, but this embodiment is suitable for small-scale processing plants with relatively small processing capacity.

The device shown in FIG. 7 is a single-shaft device similar to that shown in FIG. 6, but is provided with a tapered portion 40 on the downstream side of the screw device 4 whose diameter gradually decreases in the forward direction. Further, the inner surface of the casing is also tapered forward in correspondence with the tapered portion 40. When the material to be processed reaches this tapered part 40, it is strongly compressed before reaching the pressing body 6 due to the substantial reduction of the passage space, and crushing, compression, and generation of frictional heat in the pressing body 6 are further promoted. , the melting of the Styrofoam will be promoted.

The functions of the components in FIGS. 6 and 7 other than those mentioned above are the same as those of the apparatus shown in FIGS. A detailed explanation will be omitted.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the method for solidifying Styrofoam waste of the present invention, the Styrofoam waste is crushed and fed by the screw device and the rotary compressor, and is compressed and self-heats. However, it absorbs frictional heat and melts, becomes semi-molten due to the cooling effect of water, and is continuously formed from a perforated plate into a rod-shaped solid. The volume can be significantly reduced to about 100%, and handling efficiency, transportation efficiency, and landfill efficiency can be greatly improved. In addition, it contributes to the recovery of polystyrene resources as a recycled raw material, and can also be reused as a solid fuel, which is of great benefit in terms of environmental conservation and industrial economy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a partially sectional plan view showing an example of the apparatus adopted in the method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially sectional front view of the same, Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a perforated plate. A front view, FIG. 5a is a proper temperature control diagram during solidification treatment, FIG. 5b is a perspective view showing an example of the solid material of the present invention, and FIGS. This is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 and shows another example of the device. Explanation of symbols, 4, 4'...screw device, 6,
6′...Rotating pressing body, 7... Porous plate, 9... Rod-shaped solid material,
11...Inlet.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A step of supplying Styrofoam waste and water to a screw device from an input port, a step of crushing and feeding the input Styrofoam waste to a screw device, and a step connected to the screw device. Crushing and compressing with a rotary compressor, and melting with heat while suppressing excessive heat generation with input water;
A method for solidifying Styrofoam waste, which comprises the steps of extruding the semi-molten waste material into a rod shape from a perforated plate and draining the remaining water. 2. The solidification method according to claim 1, wherein the screw device comprises a parallel two-axis screw. 3. The solidification method according to claim 1, wherein the screw device comprises a single screw.