JPH0410526B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for improving underwater ground, and particularly to an improvement method and apparatus advantageous for improving soft underwater ground.

Conventionally, methods for improving underwater bottom ground include a bottom bit and a cutter projecting from the side, and these bits and cutters disturb the ground to be improved at the bottom of the water to a predetermined depth, and the disturbed ground is filled with cement milk, etc. A method using a soil improvement device that injects a soil improvement agent is known. However, this type of ground improvement device in this method is guided down to a predetermined depth in the underwater ground, and then raised again by a rod that can be raised and lowered along a guide column set up on a barge on the water. Furthermore, since the rotating part of the improvement device is driven by a drive shaft from a drive device on the barge, it is possible to improve the soil even if the depth of the ground to be improved is large. If the depth of the water is large, the support guide rod will be long, and the guide column on the barge will also be long, as will the drive shaft, etc., and as a result, the entire structure will be large and heavy. increases, tends to become unstable, and becomes difficult to handle.
Ground improvement work costs were high due to increased manufacturing costs for support guide rods, guide columns, etc.

An object of the present invention is to provide an underwater soil improvement method and apparatus that eliminate the problems in the conventional underwater soil improvement method and apparatus.

This object of the present invention is to provide a ground improvement unit for improving the ground by disturbing the ground to be improved and injecting a ground improvement agent into the disturbed ground, by suspending it by a rope from a winch mounted on a frame. An underwater ground improvement method, characterized in that the mount is submerged on the underwater ground, and the winch and the ground improvement unit are remotely operated from above the water to improve the ground to be improved under the mount to a predetermined depth; A ground improvement system that includes a platform that is to be sunk into the ground, a remote-controlled winch mounted on the platform, a rope extending from the winch so that it can be raised and lowered, and a ground stirrer and a device for injecting a soil improvement agent into the disturbed ground. This is achieved by a submersible soil improvement device that is characterized by being equipped with a unit. Note that in this specification, the term "rope" refers not only to a rope in the ordinary sense but also to a chain and the like.

According to the present invention, the ground improvement device is suspended by a rope from a winch on a pedestal sunk on the underwater ground so that it can be raised and lowered freely, and the winch and improvement device can be operated remotely (for example, from a watercraft). It has the advantage that the ground to be improved can be improved easily, safely, inexpensively, and efficiently.

The above-mentioned soil improvement unit in the underwater soil improvement device of the present invention has a distal end bit having a soil improvement agent discharge passage rotatably supported at the lower end of the case around the bit axis, and an overhanging arm cutter having a soil improvement agent discharge passage thereon. A pair of lower cases rotatably supported on the side of the case around the cutter shaft, an upper case rotatably supported around the center line of the bit shaft, and the tip bit and the overhanging arm cutter a first drive device disposed in the upper case for rotating the cutter about its axis; and a first drive device disposed in the lower case for transmitting the power of the first drive device to the tip bit and the overhang arm cutter. a transmission device;
It is preferable that the lower case be provided with a second drive device disposed on the upper case for rotating the lower case, and that the lower case can be suspended by a rope and can be lifted and lowered and remotely controlled.

Preferably, the winch is mounted on the pedestal so that it can move on the pedestal to change its position, and the pedestal is preferably mounted on the pedestal so that its legs can adjust the level of the pedestal. It is preferable that the legs are extendable and retractable, and that the lower ends of the legs have a large ground contact area so as not to sink into the ground.

Further, it is preferable that the pedestal is capable of moving in a water column.

An example of an underwater soil improvement device suitable for carrying out the method of the present invention and an embodiment of the method of the present invention using the device will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The example of the apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 includes a frame 4, a winch 5, and a ground improvement unit 1.

The frame 4 has a pair of rails 42 on two parallel sides of a rectangular frame 41, and a winch support frame 43 is mounted on the rails so as to be movable in the x direction in the figure.
On the other hand, the four corners and the center of each side of the frame 41 are provided with vertically extendable legs 44 having a lower end grounding portion 441 formed in the shape of a wide-area disk.
A float device 46 with a propeller 45 is installed at the four corners of 1.
It consists of

The winch support frame 43 includes a lower frame 431 and an upper frame 43.
2, the lower frame 431 includes wheels 431a for traveling on the rails 42, a drive device (not shown) for driving and rotating at least one of these wheels, and a lower frame 431 for driving in the y direction (x The upper frame 432 is provided with a pair of rails 431b provided in parallel to the direction (perpendicular to the direction), and the upper frame 432
The vehicle includes wheels 432a for traveling on the road surface b, and a drive device (not shown) for driving and rotating at least one of these wheels.

Each drive device for the lower frame wheel 431a and the upper frame wheel 432a includes a waterproof electric motor, which is connected to a generator (not shown) mounted on the work boat 7 on the water via a control switch. They are connected by wiring, so that each drive device can be remotely controlled from the ship 7 to move the lower frame 431 in the x direction in the figure and the upper frame 432 in the y direction in the figure. Note that instead of such an electric motor, a hydraulically operated motor or a pneumatically operated motor may be used as necessary, and appropriate means such as connecting this to a hydraulic system or an air compressor on a ship via a control valve may be employed.

The pedestal leg portion 44 is formed by attaching the grounding portion 441 to a hydraulically or pneumatically actuated piston cylinder device. (not shown) via a control valve, and is expanded and contracted by remote control from the ship 7. In addition,
Instead of such a piston cylinder device, an appropriate means such as a screw type telescopic mechanism in which a female (or male) screw is screwed into a male (or female) screw rotated by an electric motor, hydraulic motor, or pneumatic motor is adopted. can.

Each float device 46 at the four corners of the frame 41
For example, a tank is connected via a control valve to an unillustrated compressor on the ship, and the water in the tank is expelled when air is introduced or released.
Alternatively, the tank is equipped with a water inlet/outlet (not shown) with an automatic valve that can be operated by onboard control to allow water to flow into the tank.

The propulsion device 45 is attached to each float device 46, and includes a screw rotated by a rotary drive machine such as an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, or an air motor of a type that can be operated from the boat 7.

The winch 5 is supported on the upper frame 432 of the winch support frame 43, and is remotely operated from the ship.

A ground improvement unit 1 is suspended from the winch 5 by a rope R so that it can be raised and lowered.

Another winch 6 is provided on the winch support frame 43, and an electric supply line 34 connected to the unit 1 and a flexible pipe P for supplying soil improvement liquid are wound around the drum of this winch. The wire 34 and pipe P on this drum are connected to a control switch and a power source (not shown) on the ship 7 via a rotary joint 61 for electricity and liquid.
and a ground improvement liquid supply device (not shown) via wiring and piping.

Figures 2 to 5 show one of the ground improvement units.
An example is shown in which the unit 1 includes a pair of left and right lower cases 2 and a symmetrical upper case 3 supporting the pair of lower cases 2. Each lower case 2 supports a tip bit 11 at the lower end of the case, and supports two vertically parallel overhanging arm cutters 12 on the sides of the case. In the left and right lower cases 2, the arm cutter positions are vertically shifted between the left and right sides so that the overhanging arm cutters 12 do not collide with each other. Therefore, the lower case 2 has a slight difference in outer shape between the left and right sides.

In addition, if necessary, the cutter positions in the left and right lower cases 2 should not be shifted up and down, but should be at the same height, and instead the cutter lengths should be made shorter than those shown in the figure to prevent them from colliding with each other.
Any suitable format can be adopted.

In each lower case 2, the tip bit 11 is
The vertical bit axis 111 is the upper and lower bearings 112.
The bit shaft is supported by the lower case 2 via the bit shaft, and is rotatable about the bit shaft. Bit axis 1
11, a ground improvement liquid agent discharge path 118 is formed.

Each overhanging arm cutter 12 has a cutter shaft 121 that passes through the side of the lower case 2 in a cross shape and is supported by the case 2 via left and right bearings 122, and is rotatable around the cutter shaft. ing.

A cutter blade 128 in the form of a pin is protruded from the cutter shaft 121, and the ground improvement agent discharge path 1
24 is formed.

The bit 11 and the arm cutter 12 are the constituent elements of the ground stirrer of the ground improvement unit 1.

The cutter blade on the cutter shaft can have various shapes depending on the ground.

A transmission device 21 is provided in each lower case 2, and this transmission device 21 connects a drive shaft 211 disposed in the upper space of the lower case 2, and controls the rotation of this shaft to the upper cutter shaft 121, the lower cutter shaft 121, and the lower cutter shaft 121. It consists of a bevel gear transmission 212 that sequentially transmits power to the cutter shaft 121 and the bit shaft 111. Note that instead of this bevel gear transmission device, an appropriate one can be adopted as required, such as a combination of a bevel gear and a spur gear. The drive shaft 211 has upper and lower bearings 213 and 21
It is rotatably supported by the lower case 2 via 4.

The upper part of the lower case 2 is inserted into the upper case 3 and rotatably supported by the case 3 via upper and lower bearings 31 and 32 inside the case 3. The rotation center lines of case 2 and bit 11 coincide.

A first drive device 33 is provided in the case 3, and the device 33 is connected to the drive shaft 2 in each lower case 2.
The electric motor 33M consists of a total of two electric motors 33M (only one is shown) connected to the electric motor 11. Each electric motor 33M is
It is connected to an electric supply line 34 drawn into the case 3 from a power supply (not shown), and is operated remotely.

In addition, a second drive device 35 is provided inside the case 3, and this device 35 includes a total of two electric motors 35M (only one shown) prepared for each lower case 2 and a lower It consists of two sets of gear transmissions 351 (only one is shown) that transmit rotational force to the case 2. The cases 2 are rotated in opposite directions.

Each electric motor 35M is connected to an electric supply line 34 drawn into the case 3, and is operated remotely.

In addition to the above-mentioned example, the first drive device includes one electric motor and its rotational force that is transmitted to each drive shaft 21.
A transmission device for transmitting data to 1 can be adopted as appropriate.

Further, as the second drive device, in addition to the above-mentioned example, one consisting of one electric motor and a transmission device that transmits the rotational force of the electric motor to each lower case 2 can be adopted as appropriate.

A liquid passage L is formed in the lower case 2, and these passages include an annular passage _l1 surrounding each cutter shaft 121 and an annular passage _l2 surrounding the bit shaft.
It communicates with the liquid agent passage 124 of each cutter shaft and the liquid agent passage 113 of the bit shaft through.

A ring 36 surrounding the lower case 2 is installed inside the upper case 3, and this ring 36 is an annular passage l ₃ communicating with the upper end of the passage L in the lower case.
It is equipped with

A flexible pipe P for supplying a liquid agent is connected to this annular passage _l3 , whereby, by remote control,
Liquid agent outlet 124 of each overhang arm cutter 12
The ground improvement liquid can be discharged from the liquid discharge port 113m of the tip bit 11.

Each of the discharge paths, passages, and discharge ports for the ground improvement liquid described above is a component of the soil improvement agent injection device.

On both sides of each of the aforementioned annular passages l ₁ , l ₂ and l ₃ ,
Sealing materials OR ₁ , OR ₂ and OR ₃ such as O-rings are fitted, and an O-ring or other suitable sealing material 37 is also fitted to the wall portion of the upper case 3 through which the lower case 2 passes.

These sealing materials OR ₁ , OR ₂ and 37 also prevent dirt and water from entering into the cases 2 and 3. Case 3 of each electric supply line 34 and each pipe P
The wall penetrations are also sealed. The upper end center portion of the upper case 3 is suspended by a rope R.

Note that 38 in the upper case is a suitable tilt detection device, and a signal from this device is sent to the outside of the case via a line not shown.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the maximum thickness T of the bulged portion 30 of the upper case 3 above the tip bit 11 for accommodating the electric motor, etc.
The thickness of the other parts of the upper case 3 is approximately the same as, or slightly smaller than, the rotational diameter of the overhang arm cutter 12. Also,
The left-right length W of the case 3 is shorter than the length from the tip of the left cutter 12 to the tip of the right cutter 12. That is, the contour dimensions of the upper and lower cases in plan view are approximately the same as or smaller than the contour dimensions of the ground plane disturbed by the bit 11 and the cutter 12.

Further, the entire unit 1 is formed so that when it is suspended by the rope R, the weight is balanced in the front, back, left and right directions.

Next, a method for improving the soft ground at the bottom of the water using the above-described underwater ground improvement device will be described.

First, the rope R is wound up with the winch 5 on the pedestal 4, and the ground improvement unit 1 is pulled up to the pedestal 4. In this state, the pedestal 4 is sunk onto the ground G to be improved at the bottom of the water, and the propeller 45 and float device 46 are remotely operated from the ship 7 to move the pedestal 4 and determine the position of the pedestal 4 on the ground G.

Next, the upper frame 432 and lower frame 431 of the winch support frame 43 are moved by remote control from the ship 7 to determine the positions of the winch 5 and the unit 1 on the frame 4.

Next, the left and right electric motors 33M in the unit 1 are turned by remote control via the electric supply line 34, thereby rotating the left and right tip bits 11 and the overhanging arm cutter 12 around their axes, and in this state, When the rope R is let out from the winch 5 and the entire ground improvement unit is lowered toward the soft ground G to be improved, the bit 11 and the cutter 12 will disturb the ground G, and at the same time the entire unit will move into the disturbed ground. It sinks under its own weight.

When the improvement unit 1 reaches a predetermined depth in the ground, the rotation of the bit 11 and cutter 12 is continued as it is, and a soil improvement liquid such as cement milk is supplied from the pipe P, and this is poured into the discharge port 113m of the bit 11. and the discharge port 124 of the cutter 12
While discharging from m into the ground G, and rotating the left and right motors 35M, the left and right lower cases 2 are extended and the arm cutters 12 are rotated in opposite directions, and the entire unit 1 is lifted up. 11 and the cutter 12, and the parts injected with the improving agent are easily improved.

When the improvement work at one location on the ground is completed, the winch support frame 43 is operated to change the position of the unit 1 on the pedestal 4, and the ground under the unit is improved again using the same procedure as described above. In this way, the ground under the pedestal 4 is improved one after another, and when the work is completed, the propulsion device 45 and the float device 46 are operated again to move the entire device onto the next ground to be improved, and the improvement work is carried out. It is.

FIG. 6 shows in principle other examples 33' and 35' of the first drive and the second drive in a soil improvement unit. When these drive devices are employed, the shapes of the upper case and the lower case may also be changed as necessary.

This first drive device 33' has an electric motor 33M prepared for the drive shaft 211' in each lower case 2'.
The drive shaft 21
It is connected to 1'. The rotation of the drive shaft 211' is transmitted to the cutter 12 and the bit 11 via the gear transmission 212, as in the previous embodiment.

The second drive device 35'1 includes a sun gear 356 externally fitted on the intermediate shaft 353 and rotatably supported by the upper case 3' via a bearing 355, an internally toothed ring gear 357 fixed to the upper case 3', gear 3
A planetary gear 358 is fitted between 56 and 357 and rotatably supported by the lower case 2', and by raising the intermediate shaft 358 from the position shown in FIG. 6, the intermediate shaft 358 is connected to the sun gear 356. A spline joint type clutch 359 and a shaft drive section 340 are provided which can move the intermediate shaft 358 up and down via a rotation lever 342 using a spring offset type electromagnetic drive device 341.

Therefore, when the intermediate shaft 353 is raised by the shaft drive section 340, the clutch 359 engages with the sun gear, and the rotational force of the motor 33M is also transmitted to the planetary gears 358. As the lower case 2' supporting the gear 358 rotates, the gear 358 rotates.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic slope view showing one embodiment of the present invention in its usage state, and Figs. 2 to 5 show an example of the ground improvement unit. FIG. 3 is a side view, FIG. 4 is a plan view, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the state of use. It is a principle explanatory diagram of another example. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Ground improvement unit, 11... Tip bit, 111... Bit shaft, 118... Ground improvement agent discharge path, 12... Overhanging arm cutter, 121
... Cutter shaft, 124 ... Improver discharge path, 2,
2'...Lower case, 3, 3'...Upper case, 3
3, 33'...first drive device, 35,35'...second drive device, 211,211'...drive shaft, 21
2... Gear transmission, R... Rope, 4... Frame, 41... Rectangular frame, 42... Rail, 4
3...Winch support frame, 431...Lower frame, 432
...Top frame, 431a, 432a...Wheel, 44...
...Legs, 441...Grounding section, 45...Propulsion device, 4
6...Float device, 5...Winch, 6...Winch, 7...Water vessel, 34...Electricity supply source, P
...Ground improvement agent supply pipe, G...Soil to be improved.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A ground improvement unit that improves the ground by disturbing the ground to be improved and injecting a ground improvement agent into the disturbed ground, suspended by a rope from a winch mounted on a frame, The pedestal is sunk onto the underwater ground,
An underwater ground improvement method, characterized in that the winch and the ground improvement unit are remotely operated from above the water to improve the ground under the mount to a predetermined depth. 2. A pedestal to be submerged on the underwater ground, a remote-controlled winch mounted on the pedestal, a ground disruptor suspended from the winch so that it can be raised and lowered, and a device for injecting soil improvement agent into the disturbed ground. An underwater soil improvement device characterized by comprising a soil improvement unit having the following features: 3. The ground improvement unit supports a tip bit having a soil improvement agent discharge path on the lower end of the case so as to be rotatable around the bit shaft, and an overhanging arm cutter having the soil improvement agent discharge path can be rotated around the cutter shaft. 1 supported on the side of the case
A pair of lower cases, an upper case supporting each of the lower cases rotatably about the center line of the bit shaft, and an upper case for rotating the tip bit and the overhanging arm cutter about their axes. a first drive device provided therein; a transmission device provided in the lower case for transmitting the power of the first drive device to the tip bit and the overhang arm cutter; and the upper case for rotating the lower case. 3. The underwater soil improvement device according to claim 2, further comprising a second drive device disposed in the bottom ground improvement device. 4. The underwater soil improvement device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the winch mounted on the pedestal is movable on the pedestal. 5. The underwater soil improvement device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the legs of the pedestal are extendable and retractable. 6. The underwater soil improvement device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the pedestal is movable underwater.