JPH0413658B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In monitoring and measuring water pollution in rivers, etc., when abnormal values appear in measurement items that are being measured completely continuously, The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for not overlooking abnormal values.

Measurement items for monitoring water pollution in rivers, etc. include turbidity, PH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, chromaticity, and COD (chemical oxygen demand) as an organic pollution index.
Examples include TOC (total organic carbon). These measurement items are normally measured continuously by respective instruments, and the measurement results are recorded. However, due to the nature of the instrument, some items can be measured continuously, such as turbidity, PH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and chromaticity, while others such as COD, TOC, etc. There are some items that can only be measured on samples taken at regular intervals, that is, can only be measured intermittently.

Therefore, in the case of intermittent measurement items, there is a problem in that water quality abnormalities that last only for a shorter period of time than the measurement period (for example, one hour) are not measured and recorded. On the other hand, there is no systematic measurement method in which some information is provided from the continuous measuring item to the intermittent continuous measuring item, and each meter independently records the measurement results of each measuring item. However, no means were used to systematically solve the above problems.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is aimed at improving the measurement items that are continuously measured in the monitoring and measurement of water pollution in rivers, etc., such as turbidity, PH, electrical conductivity, and dissolved When an abnormal value is detected in any one of oxygen, chromaticity, etc., the measurement item that is being measured intermittently, such as COD,
The present invention provides a method and apparatus for monitoring and measuring water quality pollution in which sample water for measurement of these measurement items can be urgently collected and measured even outside the TOC measurement period.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the water pollution monitoring and measurement method according to the present invention, in which a turbidity meter 1, a PH meter 2, a conductivity meter 3, and a dissolved oxygen meter 4 are used as instruments for continuous measurement. This is an example of a water pollution monitoring and measuring device using an intermittent TOC meter 5 as an indicator measuring device. In Figure 1, 7 is a sample collection device;
Sample water is continuously collected from the water to be measured 8 of the river to be monitored, etc., and the sample water is continuously supplied to each of the continuous measuring instruments 1 to 4 and the intermittent measuring instrument 5 via the sample water supply pipe 9. I'm sending it. Reference numeral 10 denotes a controller, which is connected so that when an abnormal value appears in the measured value of each of the continuous measuring instruments 1 to 4, an abnormal value detection signal output from each measuring instrument is inputted, and at least one of the continuous measuring instruments 1 to 4 When an abnormal value detection signal from a measuring instrument is input, an emergency measurement command signal is sent to the TOC meter 5.

The water pollution monitoring and measuring device configured as described above includes a turbidity meter 1, a PH meter 2, which are continuous measurement instruments,
The conductivity meter 3 and the dissolved oxygen meter 4 continuously measure the sample water sent from the sample collection device 7 and record the measurement results. On the other hand, the TOC meter 5 used as a measuring device for organic pollution index is an intermittent measuring method. That is, the sampling valve 11 is opened for a short period of time (for example, 5 minutes) at regular intervals (for example, 1 hour) to sample water and TOC is measured. TOC meters do not use an intermittent measurement method because it takes time to measure, but instead use a continuous measurement method in order to reduce the load on the combustion system, which consists of the catalyst and combustion tubes, and extend its life. This is an intermittent measurement method in which measurements are taken at regular intervals.

When an abnormal value is detected in the continuous measuring instruments 1 to 4, an abnormal value detection signal is sent from each instrument to the controller 10.
Send A ₁ to _{A 4} . If any one of A ₁ to _{A 4} is input, the controller 10 sends an emergency measurement command signal S to the TOC meter 5, and the TOC meter 5 uses this emergency measurement command signal S to stop the measurement period. Even if the sampling valve 11 is opened, the sample water that is continuously sent is urgently sampled, and the measurement results are recorded without using TOC measurement. This kind of operation can be expressed as a time chart as shown in Fig. 2.
In FIG. 2, M indicates normal measurement, T indicates measurement period, t indicates TOC measurement time, and EM indicates emergency measurement.

According to the measurement method of this embodiment, the possibility of measuring and recording water quality abnormalities caused by organic pollution that lasts only for a shorter period of time than the measurement period of the TOC meter 5 is significantly increased compared to the conventional method. Therefore,
This provides an effective means for discovering malicious acts of dumping organic pollutants during a short period of time that avoids the TOC measurement time of each measurement period of the TOC meter 5.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this example, the continuous measurement item is
The TOC meter and COD meter, which are the same as those shown in the figure and perform intermittent measurements as organic pollution indicators, are used.
Note that parts equivalent to those in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals, and their explanations will be omitted. As shown in Figure 3, TOC
Sampling valve 2 of a total of 5 sampling pipes 21
2, an inlet valve 23, a storage tank 24, and an outlet valve 25 are provided. Further, an inlet valve 28, a storage tank 29, and an outlet valve 30 are provided to bypass the sampling valve 27 of the sampling pipe 26 of the COD meter 6. Reference numeral 31 denotes a controller, which is connected so that when an abnormality appears in the measured value of each of the continuous measuring instruments 1 to 4, an abnormal value detection signal outputted from each measuring instrument is inputted, and at least one of the continuous measuring instruments 1 to 4 When an abnormal value detection signal from a measuring instrument is input, an emergency measurement command signal is sent to the TOC meter 5 and COD meter 6.

The water pollution monitoring and measuring device configured as described above includes a turbidity meter 1, a PH meter 2, which are continuous measurement instruments,
The conductivity meter 3 and the dissolved oxygen meter 4 continuously measure the sample water sent from the sample collection device 7 and record the measurement results. The TOC meter 5 is connected to the sampling valve 22 of the sampling pipe 21 for a short time every fixed period.
open (at this time, valves 23 and 25 are closed)
TOC is measured by sampling sample water.
Furthermore, since the COD meter 6 normally takes about 50 minutes to measure, the measurement period is at least every hour. Therefore, the COD meter 6 also has a fixed period (for example, 1 hour).
sampling valve 27 of sampling pipe 26
Open (at this time, valves 28 and 30 are closed)
COD is measured by sampling sample water.

When an abnormal value is detected in the continuous measuring instruments 1 to 4, an abnormal value detection signal is sent from each instrument to the controller 31.
Send A ₁ to _{A 4} . If any one of A ₁ to _{A 6} is input, the controller 31 sends an emergency measurement command signal S to the TOC meter 5 and COD meter 6. In response to this emergency measurement command signal S, the TOC meter 5 controls the sampling valve 22 and valve 25 of the sampling pipe 21.
is closed and the valve 23 is opened, and the sample water at that time is sampled and stored in the storage tank 24. Then, as soon as the normal cycle measurement is in progress at that point, as soon as the measurement is completed, or immediately if the measurement is not in progress, only the valve 25 is opened and the TOC measurement of the sample water from the storage tank 24 is performed. Record the results.

The COD meter 6 is activated by this emergency measurement command signal S.
The sampling valve 27 and valve 30 of the sample ring pipe 26 are closed and the valve 28 is opened, and the sample water at that time is sampled and stored in the storage tank 29. After the normal cycle measurement that is currently in progress is completed, only the valve 30 is opened to measure the COD of the sample water in the storage tank 29, and the measurement results are recorded. Regarding the COD meter 6, after sampling the sample water in the storage tank 29, it stops the normal cycle measurement that is in progress at that point, opens only the valve 30, and performs an emergency COD measurement of the sample water in the storage tank 29. You can also make it happen.

According to the measurement method of this example, it takes a long time to complete the measurement of one sampling sample.
For COD measurements as well, by immediately sampling and storing sample water in a storage tank at the point when an abnormal value appears on a continuous measuring instrument,
It is possible to reliably capture sample water containing abnormal contamination without missing it, and the COD can be detected either as soon as the COD meter completes its normal period of measurement, or immediately after stopping its normal period of measurement. Measurement records can be made.

Next, if the water quality abnormality in flowing water such as a river is in a small area that will flow away in a very short time, after the abnormality is detected by continuous measurement instruments 1 to 4, If the sample water for the intermittent measuring instrument is collected from the sample water sampling position of the measuring instrument, the abnormal water may have already passed, so the sample water sampling position for the intermittent measuring instrument should be continuously If it is installed downstream of the sample water sampling position for the measuring instrument, even a small abnormal water mass will not be missed.

What is shown in FIG. 4 is an embodiment of the present invention for such a case. In normal measurement period measurements, the sample water for the intermittent measuring instrument is placed in the same upstream stream as the sample water for the continuous measuring instrument. taken from the side position,
This is an example in which sample water for an intermittent measuring instrument is collected from a downstream position when an abnormality is detected. In FIG. 4, 7 is a sample collection device that collects sample water from a position A on the upstream side of a river, etc., and continuously supplies sample water to continuous measurement instruments 1 to 4 via a sample water supply pipe 9. At the same time, the TOC meter 5 and COD meter 6, which are intermittent measurement instruments, are also configured to sample from this sample water supply pipe 9 via sampling valves 22 and 27, respectively, at each normal measurement cycle. Reference numeral 42 denotes an emergency sample collection device, which is piped to collect sample water from position B, which is a distance L downstream from position A, and send it to storage tanks 24 and 29.

Now, the sample water sampled from position A reaches the continuous measuring instruments 1 to 4, is measured, and an abnormality in the measured value is detected, and an abnormal value detection signal is sent to the controller 4.
1, an emergency measurement command signal is issued from the controller 41, and the time required for the emergency sample collection device 42 to start sampling from position B is t ₀ . During that time, the abnormal water is collected as v ₀ t ₀ (v ₀ is the average flow velocity) downstream from position A, position B may be determined downstream by at least a distance L such that L=v ₀ t ₀ . If the location is such that the flow velocity fluctuates to some extent even in special cases such as when the water rises, the intake port of the emergency sample collection device 42 should be set at L=v ₀ t ₀ , L=v ₁ t ₀ (v ₁ >
v ₀ ), L = v ₂ t ₀ (v ₂ < v ₀ ), and the flow velocity detection signal from the current meter 43 is input to the controller 41, and the abnormal value detection signal is input. It is also possible to control the flow rate so that the sample is taken from the corresponding intake port.

In the water pollution monitoring and measurement device configured as described above, when an abnormal value detection signal is input to the controller 41, an emergency measurement command signal S is sent from the controller 41 to the emergency sample collection device 42, the TOC meter 5, and the COD meter. Sent to 6. In response to this emergency measurement command signal S, the emergency sample collection device 42 collects sample water from the storage tank 2.
4 and 29, and the sample water is stored in storage tanks 24 and 29. If a normal cycle measurement is in progress at that time, the TOC meter 5 will perform the measurement as soon as the measurement is completed.
If the measurement is not in progress, immediately open only the outlet valve 25 and sample the sample water from the storage tank 24.
Perform TOC measurement and record the measurement results.

After the normal cycle measurement that is currently in progress is completed, the COD meter 6 opens only the outlet valve 30 to open the storage tank 2.
Sample the sample water from step 9, perform COD measurement, and record the measurement results.

As explained above, in the apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. Since the emergency sample collection device 42 with the intake port at position B is provided, even if the abnormal water is in a small area, it can be successfully captured and the intermittent measuring instruments 5 and 6 can be used.
It can be sent to the factory and used for measurement.

Illustrated in FIG. 5 is yet another embodiment of the invention in which sampling for continuous measuring instruments occurs at upstream location A and sampling for intermittent measuring instruments occurs at downstream location B. This is an example of how to do this. In FIG. 5, 7 is a sample collection device that collects sample water from position A on the upstream side of a river, etc., and continuously supplies sample water to continuous measuring instruments 1 to 4 via sample water supply pipe 9. supplying. Reference numeral 52 denotes a sample sampling device for an intermittent measuring instrument, which is provided with an intake port located at a position B downstream from a position A by a distance L, and during normal measurement period, the sampling operation of the TOC meter 5 and COD meter is performed. The sample water is collected through the opened sampling valves 22 and 27.
Sampled to TOC total 5 or COD total 6,
Measured and recorded by each instrument. Note that the distance L is determined in the same manner as in the embodiment shown in FIG.

In the water pollution monitoring and measurement device configured as described above, when an abnormal value detection signal is input to the controller 41, an emergency measurement command signal S is sent from the controller 41 to the intermittent measurement instrument sampling device 52 and the TOC meter 5. ,
Sent to COD total 6. The intermittent measurement instrument sample collection device 52 immediately collects sample water and transfers it to the storage tank 2.
Send to 4,29. In addition, the TOC meter 5 and COD meter 6 are operated by the command signal S to control the valves 22, 25, 27, and 3.
0 is closed and the valves 23 and 28 are opened, and the sample water is received and stored in the storage tanks 24 and 29. The subsequent operations are similar to those in the embodiment shown in Figure 3.
Measure TOC and COD and record the measurements.
Similarly to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the apparatus of this embodiment can also successfully capture abnormal water in a small area and use it for TOC and COD measurements.

As described in detail above, according to the water pollution monitoring and measuring method and device according to the present invention, even if abnormal water flows, the abnormal water cannot be detected due to the intermittent measurement method with a measuring cycle of one hour. It is now possible to measure TOC, COD, etc., which previously could not be measured, and it is also possible to measure and record water quality abnormalities caused by organic pollution in a small area that only lasts for a short time.
This will also provide a useful means for discovering malicious acts such as dumping pollutants over a short period of time between the measurement cycles of intermittent measuring instruments such as TOC meters and COD meters. , which greatly contributes to improving the functionality of water pollution monitoring.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the water pollution monitoring and measuring method and apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a time chart for explaining the operation of the embodiment of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 to 5 1A and 1B are block diagrams showing different embodiments of the present invention. 1... Turbidity meter, 2... PH meter, 3... Conductivity meter,
4...Dissolved oxygen meter, 5...TOC meter, 6...COD
Total, 7... Sample collection device, 8... Water to be measured such as a river, 9... Sample water supply pipe, 10... Controller, 1
1, 12, 22, 27...sampling valve, 2
1, 26...Sampling piping, 23, 28...
Inlet valve, 25, 30... Outlet valve, 24, 29...
Storage tank, 31...controller, 41...controller, 42
... Emergency sample collection device, 43 ... Velocity meter, 52
...Sample collection device for intermittent measuring instruments.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A continuous measurement instrument that continuously measures measurement items such as turbidity, PH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and pigment of water to be measured such as a river, and a predetermined measurement cycle. In a water pollution monitoring and measuring device equipped with an intermittent measurement instrument that samples the water to be measured and measures intermittent measurement items such as TOC and COD, an abnormal value detection signal from the continuous measurement instrument is input. 1. A water pollution monitoring and measuring device, comprising: a controller that controls the intermittent measuring device to perform emergency sampling and measurement of the water to be measured when a water pollution occurs. 2. When a storage tank equipped with an inlet valve and an outlet valve is provided by bypassing the sampling valve inserted in the sampling pipe of the intermittent measuring instrument, and an abnormal value detection signal is input to the controller from the continuous measuring instrument, The controller controls each of the valves to store the sampled water to be measured in the storage tank, and the intermittent measuring instrument measures the stored water to be measured during free time outside the normal measurement cycle. Claim 1 characterized in that the control is performed as follows.
The water pollution monitoring and measuring device described in Section 1. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sampling water inlet for the intermittent measuring instrument is provided downstream of the inlet for the water to be measured into the continuous measuring instrument. Water pollution monitoring and measurement equipment.