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JPH0415040B2 - - Google Patents
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JPH0415040B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0415040B2
JPH0415040B2 JP62058898A JP5889887A JPH0415040B2 JP H0415040 B2 JPH0415040 B2 JP H0415040B2 JP 62058898 A JP62058898 A JP 62058898A JP 5889887 A JP5889887 A JP 5889887A JP H0415040 B2 JPH0415040 B2 JP H0415040B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
sludge
anaerobic digestion
treatment
mill
treated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP62058898A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS63224798A (en
Inventor
Yoshio Ooshima
Tsuneichi Watanabe
Keizaburo Watanabe
Noboru Nonoyama
Masayoshi Kitazume
Koyo Tomita
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yakult Honsha Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Yakult Honsha Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yakult Honsha Co Ltd filed Critical Yakult Honsha Co Ltd
Priority to JP62058898A priority Critical patent/JPS63224798A/en
Publication of JPS63224798A publication Critical patent/JPS63224798A/en
Publication of JPH0415040B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0415040B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Landscapes

  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

産業上の利用分野 本発明は、余剰汚泥の嫌気性消化法の改良に関
するものである。 従来の技術 下水処理の好気的微生物処理工程において発生
する汚泥すなわち余剰汚泥は、大部分が、被処理
下水中の有機物を摂取して増殖した微生物の菌体
であつて、そのまま脱水後、焼却されたり廃棄さ
れることもあるが、近年、嫌気性消化法により処
理されることが多くなつた。 嫌気性消化法は、嫌気状態で嫌気性菌を増殖さ
せることにより汚泥中の有機物を主としてメタン
ガスに分解させ、汚泥固形物の減量を行うもので
ある。汚泥の嫌気性消化処理は、燃料として利用
可能なメタンガスが得られること、消費エネルギ
ーが少ないこと、病源菌の死滅率が高いこと、消
化済み汚泥の処分が容易なことなど、多くの利点
を持つ。しかしながら、一般に嫌気性菌の増殖が
遅いため、余剰汚泥をこの方法で処理した場合の
消化率(有機物分解率)は、20〜30日を費しても
30〜40%程度にとどまる。 発明が解決しようとする問題点 上述のように、従来の嫌気性消化法による余剰
汚泥の処理は、能率、効率、共に低く、そのため
大型の消化槽を必要とし、固形物の減量効果も満
足できるものではなかつた。 そこで本発明は、従来の嫌気性消化法における
上述の問題点を解決し、より短時日でより高い消
化率を達成できるよう、嫌気性消化法を改良する
ことを目的とする。 問題点を解決するための手段 上記課題を解決するために本発明において採択
された手段は、余剰汚泥を嫌気性消化するに当
り、嫌気性消化に先立つて被処理余剰汚泥に湿式
媒体攪拌式ミル処理を施すことを特徴とする。 本発明の方法において嫌気性消化の前処理に用
いる湿式媒体撹拌式ミルは、円筒状容器に挿入し
た撹拌用デイスクを高速で回転させることによつ
て容器内の小ボール・ビーズを激しく撹拌し、ビ
ーズ間に剪断摩擦力を生じさせて摩砕を行うもの
であつて、用途に応じて大小様々なビーズが使わ
れるが、本発明において好ましいのは、粒径が
0.05〜1mmのビーズを用いるものである。その場
合、撹拌用デイスクの回転数は1000〜3000rpm
(周速10〜30m/sec)程度、被処理汚泥の滞留時
間は通常の汚泥を処理する場合で5〜60分程度が
適当である。 湿式媒体攪拌式ミル処理は、必要に応じて他の
任意の前処理たとえば超音波処理やアルカリ処理
と併せて施すことができる。 湿式媒体攪拌式ミル処理を施した後の嫌気性消
化処理は全く任意の方式により行うことができ、
用いる嫌気性菌の種類、消化温度、消化日数、消
化槽型式等に制限はない。 作 用 余剰汚泥は、前述のように好気性微生物処理に
おいて増殖した微生物の集合体であつて、微生物
細胞壁が難分解性のため嫌気性消化処理しても分
解しにくいが、本発明の方法における湿式媒体攪
拌式ミル処理は、余剰汚泥を、その中の微生物が
細胞壁まで破壊されるほど高度に摩砕し、それに
より細胞内成分を溶出もしくはコロイド状に分散
させて嫌気性菌が基質として利用し易い状態に
し、短時間で高率の消化が行われるようにする。 厨芥等からなる都市ごみを微生物処理するに先
立つて各種粉砕機で破砕することは従来から行わ
れているが、余剰汚泥中の微生物菌体を破壊して
から嫌気性消化を行うことは従来まつたく考えら
れていなかつたし、それを可能にする粉砕機もま
た知られていなかつた。厨芥等の破砕に通常使用
されるような粉砕機で余剰汚泥を処理しても微生
物細胞壁が破壊されることはなく、その後の嫌気
性消化が容易になることもない。 実施例 以下、実施例および比較例を示して本発明を説
明する。 実施例 1 標準的な都市下水処理場において発生した余剰
汚泥を、湿式媒体撹拌式ミル・Dynomill(スイス
Bachofen社製)により、ビーズ粒径0.1mm、デ
イスク回転数3000rpm(周速15m/sec)、滞留時
間20分の条件で処理し、その後、種汚泥とともに
容積10の消化槽に封入し、消化槽温度を37±3
℃にコントロールし且つ200rpmの回転式撹拌機
で連続的に撹拌しながら、嫌気性消化処理した。
比較のため、同じ汚泥について、上記ミル処理を
施さずに嫌気性消化処理した。 その結果は第1表のとおりで、消化効率はミル
処理なしのものと比べて約1.5倍となつた。 比較例 実施例1と同様の嫌気性消化処理において、前
処理をミキサー処理(回転内刃と回転外刃とを持
つ15000rpmのミキサーで1時間処理)に変更し
て嫌気性消化を行なつた。 その結果を実施例1の結果と比較して第2表に
示す。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention relates to an improved method for anaerobic digestion of surplus sludge. Prior Art Sludge, or surplus sludge, generated in the aerobic microbial treatment process of sewage treatment is mostly composed of microbial cells that have proliferated by ingesting organic matter in the sewage to be treated, and is dehydrated and then incinerated. However, in recent years, anaerobic digestion has become more common. The anaerobic digestion method decomposes organic matter in sludge mainly into methane gas by growing anaerobic bacteria in an anaerobic state, thereby reducing the amount of sludge solids. Anaerobic digestion of sludge has many advantages, including the ability to obtain methane gas that can be used as fuel, low energy consumption, high kill rate of pathogenic bacteria, and easy disposal of digested sludge. . However, because the growth of anaerobic bacteria is generally slow, the digestibility (organic matter decomposition rate) when surplus sludge is treated with this method is low even after 20 to 30 days.
It remains at around 30-40%. Problems to be Solved by the Invention As mentioned above, the efficiency and efficiency of processing excess sludge using conventional anaerobic digestion methods are low, requiring a large-sized digestion tank, and the effect of reducing solids is not satisfactory. It wasn't something. Therefore, the present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems in the conventional anaerobic digestion method and to improve the anaerobic digestion method so that a higher digestibility can be achieved in a shorter time. Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the means adopted in the present invention is that when anaerobically digesting surplus sludge, the surplus sludge to be treated is heated using a wet media stirring type mill before anaerobic digestion. It is characterized by being subjected to processing. The wet medium stirring mill used for pretreatment of anaerobic digestion in the method of the present invention violently stirs small balls and beads in the container by rotating a stirring disk inserted in a cylindrical container at high speed. Grinding is performed by creating a shearing friction force between beads, and beads of various sizes can be used depending on the purpose, but in the present invention, beads with a particle size of
Beads of 0.05 to 1 mm are used. In that case, the rotation speed of the stirring disk is 1000 to 3000 rpm.
(circumferential speed of 10 to 30 m/sec), and the residence time of the sludge to be treated is approximately 5 to 60 minutes when ordinary sludge is treated. Wet media agitation mill treatment can be performed in conjunction with any other pretreatment, such as ultrasonic treatment or alkali treatment, if necessary. The anaerobic digestion treatment after the wet media stirring mill treatment can be carried out by any method;
There are no restrictions on the type of anaerobic bacteria used, the digestion temperature, the number of days for digestion, the type of digester, etc. Effect As mentioned above, surplus sludge is an aggregate of microorganisms that proliferate during aerobic microbial treatment, and because the microbial cell walls are difficult to decompose, it is difficult to decompose even with anaerobic digestion. Wet media agitation mill processing grinds excess sludge to such a degree that the microorganisms within it are destroyed down to the cell walls, thereby eluating intracellular components or dispersing them in colloidal form, which anaerobic bacteria use as a substrate. The food should be in a state where it is easy to digest, so that it can be digested at a high rate in a short period of time. It has been conventional practice to crush municipal waste such as kitchen waste using various types of crushers prior to microbial treatment, but it has not been conventional to destroy the microbial cells in excess sludge before anaerobic digestion. It was not well thought out, and the crusher that would make it possible was also unknown. Even if excess sludge is treated with a crusher such as the one normally used for crushing kitchen waste, the microbial cell walls will not be destroyed and subsequent anaerobic digestion will not be facilitated. Examples Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. Example 1 Excess sludge generated in a standard municipal sewage treatment plant was processed into a wet media agitation mill, Dynomill (Switzerland).
(manufactured by Bachofen) under the conditions of a bead particle size of 0.1 mm, a disc rotation speed of 3000 rpm (circumferential speed 15 m/sec), and a residence time of 20 minutes.Then, the seed sludge and the seed sludge were sealed in a 10-volume digester. Temperature 37±3
Anaerobic digestion was carried out while controlling the temperature at ℃ and continuously stirring with a rotary stirrer at 200 rpm.
For comparison, the same sludge was subjected to anaerobic digestion without the above mill treatment. The results are shown in Table 1, and the digestion efficiency was approximately 1.5 times higher than that without milling. Comparative Example In the same anaerobic digestion treatment as in Example 1, anaerobic digestion was performed by changing the pretreatment to mixer treatment (1 hour treatment with a 15000 rpm mixer having a rotating inner blade and a rotating outer blade). The results are shown in Table 2 in comparison with the results of Example 1.

【表】【table】

【表】 実施例 2 都市下水処理場より採取した余剰汚泥を下記の
条件にて前処理したのち種汚泥を添加して、37℃
±2℃にて回分式消化実験を行なつた。また、比
較のため、前処理なしで同様の消化実験を行なつ
た。前処理記号 前処理条件 M 湿式ミル処理 A−M カ性ソーダを0.05N濃度に添加後、
湿式ミル処理 H−M 湿式ミルのジヤケツト部に80℃の熱
水を流して加熱しながらミル処理 A−H−M カ性ソーダを0.05N濃度に添加後、
湿式ミルのジヤケツト部に80℃の熱
水を流して加熱しながらミル処理 (湿式ミル処理は実施例1で用いたのと同じ媒体
攪拌式ミルにより行い、H−MおよびA−H−M
における温度以外は実施例1の場合と同じ条件に
よる。) 10日間の嫌気性消化後のガス発生量およびVS
分解率(Volatile Solidsすなわち有機物の分解
率)を第3表に示す。
[Table] Example 2 Excess sludge collected from a municipal sewage treatment plant was pretreated under the following conditions, seed sludge was added, and the mixture was heated to 37°C.
Batch digestion experiments were performed at ±2°C. In addition, for comparison, a similar digestion experiment was conducted without pretreatment. Pretreatment symbol Pretreatment conditions M Wet mill treatment A-M After adding caustic soda to a concentration of 0.05N,
Wet mill treatment H-M Mill treatment A-HM while heating the jacket part of the wet mill by flowing hot water at 80℃ After adding caustic soda to a concentration of 0.05N,
Milling was performed by pouring hot water at 80°C into the jacket part of a wet mill while heating (wet milling was carried out using the same media stirring mill used in Example 1, and H-M and A-H-M
The conditions were the same as in Example 1 except for the temperature at . ) Gas production and VS after 10 days of anaerobic digestion
The decomposition rate (decomposition rate of volatile solids, ie, organic matter) is shown in Table 3.

【表】 実施例 3 標準的な都市下水処理場において発生した余剰
汚泥を嫌気性消化処理するに当たり、湿式媒体攪
拌式ミルによる前処理の効果を、Disintegrator
による前処理(比較例)の効果と比較した。前処
理に用いた装置と処理条件は下記のとおりであ
る。 湿式媒体攪拌式ミル パールミル PM 1 STS(アシザワ株式会
社) ビーズ径0.2mm、デイスク回転数1300rpm Disintegrator(剛体粉砕用高速回転式衝撃粉砕
機) サンプルミルKG−1(不二パウダル株式会
社) 回転数6000rpm 供試余剰汚泥濃度:TS=2.5%、VS=2.0% 処理時間:5分 処理後の汚泥を顕微鏡で観察したところ、湿式
媒体攪拌式ミルで処理したものは未処理汚泥に多
数存在した大きなフロツクはもちろん、微生物細
胞も完全に破砕されていて、1μm以上の粒子は
認められなかつた。一方、Disintegratorで処理
したものは、菌体の粗大フロツクが数μm以上の
粒径の粒子に破砕されただけで、細胞破壊はほと
んど生じていないと認められた。 未処理汚泥および処理後の汚泥を遠心分離
(10000×g、60min)したのち、上澄液をフイル
ター(0.45μm)で濾過し、濾液部分の可溶性蛋
白、可溶性糖、および総揮発性有機酸の濃度を測
定した。その結果を第4表に示す。湿式媒体攪拌
式ミルで処理したものは、可溶性蛋白、可溶性
糖、総揮発性有機酸の各濃度の増大が著しく、大
部分の細胞が破砕されたことを裏付けた。一方、
Disintegrator処理物では、上記各成分の濃度上
昇は僅かである。
[Table] Example 3 In performing anaerobic digestion of excess sludge generated in a standard urban sewage treatment plant, the effect of pretreatment using a wet media stirring mill was evaluated using Disintegrator.
The effect was compared with that of pretreatment (comparative example). The equipment and processing conditions used for pretreatment are as follows. Wet media agitation mill Pearl Mill PM 1 STS (Ashizawa Co., Ltd.) Bead diameter 0.2 mm, disk rotation speed 1300 rpm Disintegrator (high-speed rotation impact crusher for rigid body crushing) Sample Mill KG-1 (Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.) Rotation speed 6000 rpm Test surplus sludge concentration: TS = 2.5%, VS = 2.0% Treatment time: 5 minutes When the sludge after treatment was observed under a microscope, it was found that the large flocs that were present in large numbers in the untreated sludge were found in the sludge treated with the wet media agitation mill. Of course, the microbial cells were completely crushed, and no particles larger than 1 μm were observed. On the other hand, in the case of the cells treated with Disintegrator, it was observed that only the coarse flocs of bacterial cells were crushed into particles with a particle size of several μm or more, and almost no cell destruction occurred. After centrifuging the untreated sludge and the treated sludge (10,000 x g, 60 min), the supernatant liquid was filtered with a filter (0.45 μm) to remove soluble proteins, soluble sugars, and total volatile organic acids in the filtrate. The concentration was measured. The results are shown in Table 4. Those treated with a wet media stirring mill showed a significant increase in the concentrations of soluble protein, soluble sugar, and total volatile organic acids, confirming that most of the cells were disrupted. on the other hand,
In the Disintegrator-treated product, the concentration of each of the above components increases only slightly.

【表】 次に、上記と同様の処理をした汚泥および未処
理余剰汚泥について、次の方法で嫌気性消化実験
を行なつた。 実験方法:汚泥2を種汚泥(消化汚泥)2
と共に容量5のジヤーフアメンターに封入し、
反応温度を37±2℃にコントロールし、かつ
200rpmで攪拌しながら、10日間嫌気性消化処理
する。 実験の結果を第5表に示す。湿式媒体攪拌式ミ
ル処理を施した汚泥の消化率は未処理汚泥のそれ
の1.5倍であり、Disintegrator処理汚泥と比べて
も1.3倍であつた。また、消化率向上に見合うガ
ス発生量の増加が認められた。
[Table] Next, an anaerobic digestion experiment was conducted using the following method on sludge treated in the same manner as above and untreated surplus sludge. Experiment method: Seed sludge (digested sludge) 2
and enclosed in a jar with a capacity of 5,
Control the reaction temperature at 37±2℃, and
Anaerobic digestion was performed for 10 days with stirring at 200 rpm. The results of the experiment are shown in Table 5. The digestibility of sludge treated with wet media agitation mill was 1.5 times that of untreated sludge, and 1.3 times that of sludge treated with Disintegrator. Additionally, an increase in the amount of gas generated commensurate with the improvement in digestibility was observed.

【表】 発明の効果 本発明の嫌気性消化法においては、上述のよう
に湿式媒体攪拌式ミル処理によつて被処理物が高
度に摩砕され、微生物の細胞も破壊されるので、
単にフロツク等を解砕するにすぎないミキサー処
理等の粉砕処理を前処理として施す場合よりもは
るかに顕著な消化速度の向上と消化率の改善が達
成される。
[Table] Effects of the Invention In the anaerobic digestion method of the present invention, as mentioned above, the material to be treated is highly ground by the wet media stirring mill treatment, and the cells of microorganisms are also destroyed.
A much more remarkable improvement in the digestion rate and digestibility can be achieved than in the case where a crushing treatment such as a mixer treatment, which merely crushes flocs, is performed as a pretreatment.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 余剰汚泥を嫌気性消化処理するに当たり、嫌
気性消化に先立つて余剰汚泥に湿式媒体攪拌式ミ
ル処理を施すことを特徴とする余剰汚泥の嫌気性
消化法。
1. A method for anaerobic digestion of surplus sludge, which is characterized by subjecting the surplus sludge to wet media stirring mill treatment prior to anaerobic digestion.
JP62058898A 1987-03-16 1987-03-16 Anaerobic digestion process Granted JPS63224798A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62058898A JPS63224798A (en) 1987-03-16 1987-03-16 Anaerobic digestion process

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62058898A JPS63224798A (en) 1987-03-16 1987-03-16 Anaerobic digestion process

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63224798A JPS63224798A (en) 1988-09-19
JPH0415040B2 true JPH0415040B2 (en) 1992-03-16

Family

ID=13097615

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP62058898A Granted JPS63224798A (en) 1987-03-16 1987-03-16 Anaerobic digestion process

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63224798A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000185236A (en) * 1998-12-22 2000-07-04 Unitika Ltd Method and apparatus for crushing sludge

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02211297A (en) * 1988-09-16 1990-08-22 Fujita Corp Treatment of sludge
EP0908416A1 (en) * 1997-10-06 1999-04-14 Lykos Establishment Anaerobic process for combined treatment of sewage sludges and organic solid waste
JP2000167597A (en) * 1998-12-10 2000-06-20 Japan Sewage Works Agency Anaerobic digestion of organic sludge

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5613091A (en) * 1979-07-12 1981-02-07 Ebara Infilco Co Ltd Treating method of waste containing organic material

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000185236A (en) * 1998-12-22 2000-07-04 Unitika Ltd Method and apparatus for crushing sludge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63224798A (en) 1988-09-19

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