JPH0416229B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a technology for reducing the volume and solidifying plastic waste by compressing the plastic waste into a block shape, heating it, and then cooling it.

[Conventional technology]

A technology for reducing the volume and solidifying plastic waste by compressing it into blocks and heating it is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 61-192507 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
63-49289).
There, as shown in FIG.
A compression lid 202 is mounted on top of the compressor 1 with a hinge structure and can be opened and closed by a lid cylinder 207, and the compressor 202 is opened to input plastic waste. The main push cylinder 20 is located to the right of the compression chamber 201.
8 is attached to compress plastic waste,
It plays the role of transport. Also, on the left side, a heating duct 204 surrounded by a heating coil 203 connects the compression chamber 20.
By applying an AC voltage from the induction heating power source 211 to the heating coil 203 through the coil terminal 203a, the heating duct 204 generates Joule heat by electromagnetic induction. generated and heated to the desired temperature.

Further to the left of the heating coil 203 is an unloading chamber 205.
A carry-out cylinder 210 is directly connected to the heating duct 204 and further directly connected in a perpendicular direction to a presser cylinder 209 mounted on the left side, and a carry-out port 206 is provided which is an extension of this carry-out cylinder and is directly connected to the carry-out chamber 205. It consists of a transport unit that processes plastic waste after heating and melting it.

The operation of the conventional device will be described.
Unprocessed plastic waste is put into a compression chamber and then compressed and shaped. After the compression lid is closed by the lid cylinder, the main push cylinder moves forward one stage, and the plastic waste is sealed in the heating duct that has been heated by induction in advance. It melts into a liquid state and forms a coating on the surface of plastic waste. In this compression/forming process, pressure is also applied from the presser cylinder in the opposite direction to the main presser cylinder, so that the plastic waste is compressed and molded on both sides of the head of the main presser cylinder and the head of the presser cylinder.

After compression and heating, the molded plastic is transferred to the discharge chamber by the second stage of the main press cylinder and the retreat of the presser cylinder, where it is naturally cooled and solidified.
By advancing the carrying-out cylinder, the carrying-out head surface is carried out to the carrying-out port. When this series of operations is completed, each cylinder operates in reverse and returns to its initial state, and this process is repeated thereafter.

Although it is not disclosed in the prior art (Japanese Patent Application No. 61-192507), if a water cooling jacket 301 for forced cooling is provided after the heating duct 204 as shown in FIG. 9, cooling will be faster. Processing time will be shorter.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In the conventional technology mentioned above, heating and transfer are not performed while the object to be processed is being compressed, and all processes are performed in series to process one compression block, so the processing time for one cycle is long. There are problems, and there is also the problem of requiring two cylinders facing each other in the direction of compression.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to shorten the processing time of one cycle by performing the compression process and the melting/solidification process in parallel, like a conveyor operation, and to reduce the compression process in the melting/solidification process. The aim is to obtain a high volume reduction ratio by minimizing the restoration of the volume of the blocks, and also to facilitate the separation of the compressed blocks from each other after melting and solidification.

[Means for solving problems]

This invention is a plastic waste block 2
A pretreatment chamber 10 and a heating chamber 12 are sequentially provided in a treatment duct 11 through which partition plates 21 and 0 are arranged alternately from the front to the rear.
is divided into a partition plate 21 which is locked at a predetermined time by a locking means and a partition plate 21 which is inserted from the front of the locking means, and the heating chamber 12 has a block 20 passing inside thereof. A device equipped with heating means is used to seal the blocks sequentially from the side opening of the pretreatment chamber 10, and the blocks are placed in a duct cylinder provided in front of the processing duct 11 together with the partition plates 21 in front and rear thereof. When the inserted partition plate is pressed backward at step 14 to a position where the locking means locks it, it stops, and then this duct cylinder 1
4 to the initial position and wait until the next block is sealed, and a new partition plate is inserted.Meanwhile, the blocks that are successively pressed from the pretreatment chamber 10 are heated in the heating chamber 12 to reduce the After the outer surface of the block is melted and the block is then cooled and solidified in the processing duct 11, it is pushed out to the rear of the processing duct 11 and the partition plate 21 and the solidified block 2 are extruded to the rear of the processing duct 11.
This method is characterized by compressing, melting, cooling, and solidifying plastic waste into blocks by extracting and separating plastic waste.

[Effect]

When the duct cylinder 14 presses the block 20 together with the partition plate 21, the partition plate 21 located at the position of the locking means (for example, the stopper pin 15a) is not locked, and a series of blocks 20 and partition plates 21 extending to the rear of the processing duct 11 are pressed. Frictional force acts between the blocks and the inner wall of the processing duct 11. This frictional force is integrated toward the front, and a pressing force is generated as a reaction to the integrated frictional force. Therefore, a block in the pretreatment chamber 10 or a block located relatively forward following this block has a stronger compressive force. receive. In this way, the compressed state of the blocks sealed in the pre-processing chamber 10 is not only maintained within the processing duct 11, but even if the blocks to be sealed are insufficiently compressed, they are still compressed within the processing duct 11 by the duct cylinder 14. That will happen. When the duct cylinder 14 returns to its original position, the partition plate, which is locked by the locking means (for example, the stopper pin 15a), acts to prevent the series of blocks, particularly the front block, from expanding forward. Inside the processing duct 11, a series of duct rows advances as the duct cylinder 14 returns to pressure, and is sequentially compressed, heated/melted, and cooled/solidified. Solidification is effected by natural cooling or forced cooling (eg water cooling jacket 13) in the process duct 11. Processing duct 1
Although the rows of blocks in the processing duct move continuously, the partition plates are arranged alternately, so that the blocks discharged to the rear of the processing duct do not become long rod-shaped blocks, but can be separated and taken out as blocks.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the invention will be explained based on FIGS. 1 to 7. In FIGS. 1 to 3 showing a first embodiment, the plastic waste to be treated passes through a hopper 1 and reaches a compression container 2;
First-stage preliminary compression is performed in the intermediate push cylinder 3, and further compression is performed in the compression chamber 5 by the advance of the main push cylinder 4.
A second stage of compression is performed in a direction perpendicular to the first stage.
Next, the gate 6 with a window is advanced by the gate cylinder 7 to open the front of the compression chamber 5, and the main push cylinder 4 is further advanced to move the compression block into the processing duct 1.
1 and is sealed in a pretreatment chamber 10 located at a location perpendicular to 1. Here, the stopper pin 15a is removed by the stopper cylinder 15, and the forming block 20 in the processing duct 11 is moved forward by the duct cylinder 14.
While the front and back are sandwiched between partition plates 21, the whole moves inside the processing duct from the front to the rear. During this process, the four outer surfaces of the block 20 are heated and melted by the heating coil 12c through the inner wall of the heating chamber 12 as a part of the processing duct.
It is cooled and solidified by the water cooling jacket 13. However, it is also possible to omit the cold water jacket and allow natural cooling.

In the next part of the processing duct 11, when the partition plate sensor 18 detects the arrival of the partition plate 21, the duct cylinder 14 is stopped and the partition plate 21 is moved by the carry-out cylinder 16 through the carry-out guide 22 as shown in FIG. 2 or 3. As shown in FIG. The delivery cylinder 16 returns to its original position, and the duct cylinder 14, which was in its initial position, moves forward again to send the molded block 20 at its tip onto the roller conveyor 19. At the same time, the stopper pin 15a is inserted into the duct again to suppress the return of the partition plate, the duct cylinder 14 retreats, and the compressor also returns to its initial position.

On the other hand, the carry-out side reversing machine 31 carrying the partition plate 21 is rotated 90 degrees by the drive of the geared motor 32, and the carry-in side reversing machine 35 is rotated 90 degrees without placing the partition plate, and then the conveyor 33 is moved forward. The partition plate 21 is conveyed on the conveyor 33 and reaches the inverting machine 35 on the inlet side. After being rotated by 90 degrees by the geared motor 36, that is, standing upright, the partition plate 21 is sent into the processing duct 11 via the inlet guide 23 by the inlet cylinder 34. . Here again, the pretreatment chamber 10 has partition plates 21 at the front and back.
There will be an empty room surrounded by. Thereafter, by repeating the same operation, the molded block can obtain a high volume reduction ratio in the processing duct, and can obtain sufficient hardness for the block after being discharged.

Next, a second embodiment will be explained. In the first embodiment, only the four outer circumferential surfaces are heated and melted as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the second embodiment is one in which all six sides of the molded block are coated with an outer layer.

According to FIGS. 4 and 5 showing the second embodiment,
Differences from the first embodiment will be explained. In these figures, the conveyor 233 is divided and a partition plate heating induction coil 41 is installed between them, and by applying an AC voltage to the coil terminals, the metal partition plate 21a inside the coil is heated to a predetermined temperature. Increase temperature. As a result, the entire partition plate 21a has a uniform temperature, and the next partition plate 21b is placed on the conveyor 233.
By being newly sent into the coil, it is transferred to the receiving conveyor 237, and after being reversed by the carry-in side reversing machine 35, it reaches the inside of the processing duct 11 via the carry-in guide 23 by the carry-in cylinder 34. By force-feeding the compression block into the processing duct using the preheated partition plate 21a in this manner, the heat retained in the partition plate is transferred to the compression block due to the pressure contact between the two, and the plastic on both front and rear end surfaces is melted. Since a molten outer layer film is formed, all six sides of the molded product are coated as shown in Figure 7, and after cooling, phenomena such as collapse, spreading, and peeling of the pressed surfaces are suppressed as shown in Figure 7. be able to. It is preferable to provide an insulating roller 42 made of non-metallic material (for example, a silicone resin insulator) to support the partition plate when the partition plate is transferred inside the coil 41.

Different aspects of the above embodiment will now be described.

In FIG. 1, the gate 6 is removed, and the compression by the main push cylinder 4 is carried out by the compression chamber 5 and the pretreatment chamber 10.
The duct cylinder 14 may be operated in the same manner as described above. . In addition, a hopper is provided directly on the upper surface of the pretreatment chamber 10, and the blocks to be enclosed (in this case, the density is small even though they are referred to as blocks) are effectively transferred to the pretreatment chamber 10.
Compression can be performed with At this time, the pretreatment chamber must be sufficiently long in the duct direction, and variations in the length of the completed solidification block must be allowed.

The cross section of the processing duct, pretreatment chamber, etc. is selected to have any shape such as circular, and the gate 6,
The shape of the cylinder head 4a is selected. The processing duct can be easily tapered in the longitudinal direction to control the aforementioned frictional force on the inner wall of the duct, that is, the compression ratio of the block. A portion of the inner wall of the duct may be controlled by being movable in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the duct.

The partition plates 21 may be discharged together with the blocks 20 from the rear end of the duct without being taken out from the carry-out guide 22, and then sorted by magnetic sorting or the like, or the partition plates may be heated in an atmospheric furnace. . A heating coil 12c is used to heat the heating chamber 12.
Alternatively, electric resistance heating means or the like may be used. The locking means is a stopper pin 15 that moves with a cylinder.
A known ratchet mechanism can be used instead of a.

〔Effect of the invention〕

This invention has the following effects.

(1) Blocks of plastic waste are intermittently sealed into the processing duct via the pre-treatment chamber, and the processes of compression, heating/melting, cooling/solidification in the processing duct can be performed continuously. Each process is continuous, reducing the total processing time.

(2) Since a simple locking means is used that utilizes the frictional force of the inner wall of the processing duct, the block can be passed into the processing duct cylinder using only the duct cylinder from the front, and there is no need to use the presser cylinder or
No unloading cylinder is required, and the driving device for the process can be extremely simple and power can be saved.

(3) Since partition plates are inserted between the blocks, it is easier to cut the blocks after processing.

(4) The restoring force of the compressed block can be suppressed even when the duct cylinder retreats due to the action of the partition plate and its locking means, so the volume reduction ratio of the block is high.

(5) It is possible to add a means to pre-heat the partition plate, which allows all six sides of the block to form a film, preventing collapse of the block surface or peeling, and preventing cullets and powder inside the compression block. Fine particulate foreign matter does not leak out, and since the surface binding force is large, there is little bulge after taking it out, and the volume reduction ratio is further increased, resulting in improved transport handling, loading efficiency, and the ultimate goal of waste landfill efficiency. This has the great effect of significantly improving the

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially sectional perspective view showing an embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a different part from FIG. A plan view showing another embodiment of the invention, FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 or 7 is a perspective view of the block according to FIG. 1 or 4, respectively, 8th
9 and 9 are perspective views showing the prior art. 1... Hopper, 5... Compression chamber, 10... Pretreatment chamber, 1
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Processing duct, 12... Heating chamber, 13... Water cooling jacket, 14... Duct cylinder, 15a... Stopper pin, 20... Block, 21... Partition plate.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A processing duct through which plastic waste blocks and partition plates are alternately arranged and passed from front to rear is provided with a pretreatment chamber and a heating chamber in sequence, and the pretreatment chamber is The heating chamber is divided into a partition plate that is locked at a predetermined time by the locking means and a partition plate that is inserted from the front of the locking means, and the heating chamber includes a heating means that heats the block passing inside the heating chamber. Using a device, the blocks are sequentially sealed from the side opening of the pre-processing chamber, and the blocks, together with the front and rear partition plates, are pressed rearward by a duct cylinder provided in front of the processing duct to remove the inserted blocks. When the partition plate is pressed to the locking position by the locking means, it is locked, and then the duct cylinder is returned to the initial position and waited until the next block is sealed, and a new partition plate is inserted. The blocks that are successively pressed from the pre-processing chamber are heated in the heating chamber to melt at least their outer surfaces, and then, when the blocks are cooled and solidified in the processing duct, they are pushed out to the rear of the processing duct and attached to the partition plate. A method for volume reduction and solidification of plastic waste, which is characterized by compressing, melting, cooling, and solidifying plastic waste into blocks by taking out and separating the solidified blocks.