JPH0417273B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a door opening/closing hinge device that uses a link mechanism to ensure a wide boarding and alighting space at the initial stage of opening a vehicle door.

(Prior Art) As a device of this type, there is an automobile door hinge disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-36766. This device is shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a bracket fixed to a body-side pillar, and 5 is a bracket fixed to a door A. Bracket 1 of the former
And links 2, 3, 4 are pins 22, 32, 42,
They are rotatably connected at 43 to form a parallel link mechanism. Further, the latter bracket 5 is rotatably connected by a connecting shaft 43 of the links 3 and 4, and is provided with a guide pin 55 fixed to the bracket 5 itself. The guide pin 55 is slidably coupled within the elongated hole 25 provided at the extended end of the link 2 .

In this automobile door hinge, when the door A is operated in the opening direction, the shaft 43 of the bracket 5 moves to the position 43' while drawing an arc with the link 3 as the radius, and the link connected to the link 4 by the shaft 42. 2
is pulled and the parallel link mechanism rotates counterclockwise. At this time, the bracket 5 is attached to the shaft 4 due to the engagement relationship between the elongated hole 25 serving as a guide and the guide pin 55.
It rotates in 3 rotations.

By this action, the door A initially swings forward and outward according to the shape of the elongated hole 25 and opens, widening the space for passengers to get in and out of the vehicle, while remaining at the half-open point.
It reaches the A' position, opens further, rotates around the shaft 43', and reaches the A'' position, which is the fully open point.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, the conventional automobile door hinge has four links.
is α angle with respect to the longitudinal axis 2C of the inner link 2,
It is a parallel link arranged at approximately 90 degrees, and since the door posture is regulated by the shaft 43 and shaft 55, the shaft 43
A line B connecting the axis 55 and the axis 55 is inclined at an angle of β with respect to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. Since this β angle is relatively large,
Conventional door hinges have the disadvantage that they require a large space W ₂ in the thickness direction for the hinge arrangement between the door and the pillar, sacrificing the thickness dimension W ₁ of the pillar, making the cross-sectional shape of the pillar narrower and reducing its rigidity.

It is desirable for this type of door hinge to have an elongated hole that regulates the posture of the door substantially parallel to the B axis, and the degree to which the door opens also depends on the length of this elongated hole. However, since conventional door hinges have a relatively large β angle on the B line, when the door is widened, the elongated hole extends toward the interior, requiring more thickness space, making it difficult to swing the door outward. The disadvantage is that it cannot be done. Furthermore, conventional door hinges are constructed so that the locus of _{the two} points A at the base of the door becomes line a, and the opening/closing direction of the door changes significantly at point A' when the door is half open. The drawback is that it doesn't feel good.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and is a door opening/closing system that increases the space for getting on and off the foot without increasing the space in the thickness direction of the hinge between the door and the pillar, and also widens the opening of the door. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hinge device.

(Technical Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is arranged on the outside within the thickness of the door, one end is pivotally supported on the vehicle first pillar side shaft, and the other end is An outer link extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and pivotally supported by the first door connecting shaft, and an outer link disposed within the thickness of the door at a position substantially parallel to the outer link diagonally inward and having one end connected to the vehicle second outer link.
The inner link is pivotally supported on the pillar side shaft, and the outer link is disposed within the thickness of the door at a position almost parallel to the inner link, and one end is rotatably connected to the other end of the inner link by a shaft. a second door connecting shaft, the other end of which is located between this shaft and the vehicle second pillar side shaft, inside the first door connecting shaft and outside the inner link, and close to the inner link when the door is fully closed; a connecting link that is pivotally supported by the shaft and located outside the inner link; and a connecting link that is provided on the door side and is located near the outside of the shaft that connects the inner link and the connecting link when the door is fully closed and when the door is fully open. The third door located on the other end side extension of the inner link
The door third connecting shaft is provided between the connecting shaft, the other end side extension of the inner link, and the door third connecting shaft, and the door third connecting shaft is moved from a position near the outside of the shaft to the other end of the inner link as the door opens and closes. The present invention is characterized in that it includes a guiding member that guides between positions on the side extensions.

(Function) In the present invention, the other end of the connecting link is pivotally supported on the door second connecting shaft located inside the door first connecting shaft and outside the inner link, and the door second connecting shaft and the door third connecting shaft are connected to each other. Since the line connecting the two is made almost parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the space in the thickness direction for installing the hinge between the door and the pillar is small, and the guiding member for guiding the third connecting shaft of the door can be placed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. When the door is partially open, there is more space for passengers to get in and out of the vehicle, and when the door is fully open, the operation feels smoother and the door opens wider.

(Example) Examples of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention. This figure is a view of the door opening/closing hinge device viewed diagonally downward from the inside of the door. The outer link 101 extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle from the outside within the thickness of the door, one end of which is pivotally supported on the vehicle pillar side shaft 102, and the other end is pivotally supported on the first door connecting shaft 103. The vehicle pillar side shaft 102 is rotatably held by pillar brackets 105, 105 fixed to the pillar 104 (see FIG. 2) in the vertical direction of the vehicle, and the first door connecting shaft 103 is similarly held in the vertical direction of the door 106. bracket 10 fixed to
7, 107, it is rotatably held. As shown in FIG. 2, an inner link 108 and a connecting link 109 are arranged at positions substantially parallel to the outer link 101 in an obliquely inward direction. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the connecting link 109 is constructed by bending a single plate and interposing the inner link 108 between the inner surfaces of the plates 109a and 109b, which are open ends. One ends of both links 108 and 109 are rotatably connected by a shaft 110. The other end of the inner link 108 is connected to the shaft 1 which is fitted into a bracket 111 fixed to the pillar 104.
12, and the other end of the connecting link 109 is connected to a door second connecting shaft 115 which crosses a bracket 114 having a U-shaped cross section and which is fixed to the inner panel 113 of the door 106.
It is rotatably supported by. These links 101, 108, 109, pillar 104 and door 106 are connected to shafts 102, 103, 110, 1
12 and 115 constitute a five-joint link mechanism.

A third door connecting shaft 116 is pivotally mounted vertically to a bracket 114 having a U-shaped cross section and fixed to the inner panel 113 described above. This third door connecting shaft 116 is necessary for regulating the opening/closing posture of the door 106 together with the guiding member 117 provided as an extension of the inner link 108, and connects the inner link 108 and the connecting link 109. It is arranged in a region near the shaft 110 to be connected. Preferably, the third door connecting shaft 116 is located outside the shaft 110 in the door thickness direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the guide member 117 has a long groove 118 that restricts the movement of the third door connecting shaft 116, and extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle together with the long groove 118. The third door connecting shaft 116 is slidably engaged with this long groove 118. The long groove 118 has a shape in which three circular arcs are connected in a substantially straight line.

The guide member 117 has an arcuate ring portion other than the portion having the long groove 118, and the outer periphery thereof is a cam surface 119, which cooperates with the roller 120 to provide a notch to make you aware of whether the door 106 is half open or fully open. 121 and 122. roller 120
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, between the inner surfaces of the plates 109a and 109b of the connecting link 109,
It is arranged so as to roll against the cam surface 119 of the inner link 108. This roller 120
The axis of the connecting link 109 is the plate 10 of the connecting link 109.
Both sides 123 of the check spring 123 passing through the elongated hole 109c formed in 9a, 109b
It is supported by a. The elongated hole 109c allows the roller 120 to connect to the cam surface 119 and the notches 121, 122.
There is a hole in the longitudinal direction of the link so that it can be moved up and down. The check spring 123 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, one torsion bar is bent symmetrically, and both ends 12
A locking portion 123b located at a position symmetrical to 3a is
A recess 109d formed in the connecting link 109 near the door second connecting shaft 115
both ends 1 to engage and provide a spring effect.
The space between 23a and the locking portion 123b is bent significantly in the vertical direction. This check spring 123
As a result, the roller 120 is given a biasing force to come into contact with the cam surface 119.

This door opening/closing hinge device is located in a recess formed in the inner panel 113 of the door 106.
06 is covered by a trim 124 inside the 06.

Between the door 106 and the pillar 104 is a seal 125 fixed to the door 106, as shown in FIG.
This prevents dust from entering. Seal 12
5 is an outer link 101 and an inner link 108
However, as shown in FIG.
06 Door 1 so that it comes into contact with pillar 104 when closed
It can also be fixed to 06. In this case, it is possible to prevent dust from entering the door opening/closing hinge device.

Next, the operation of the door opening/closing hinge device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, the position where the door 106 is indicated by a solid line is in the fully closed state;
Positions 106' and 106'' indicated by two-dot chain lines are half open and fully open. Door 106 is fully open to fully open 10.
6'' will be explained.As shown in FIG. 2, when a force F in the opening direction is applied to the door 106, the outer link 101 rotates counterclockwise about the shaft 102 as a pivot axis.At this time, , the door first connecting shaft 103 extends outward while drawing an arc locus a with the outer link 101 as its radius.The movement of the outer link 101 causes the door 106
When it first opened, there was plenty of space for passengers to get on and off the train.

The door posture is determined by the door second connecting shaft 115, which is the hinge axis of the connecting link 109 connected to the inner link 108, and the inner link 10.
Long groove 1 of guiding member 117 having as an extension of 8
a third door connecting shaft 116 in engagement with 18;
Inner link 108 and connecting link 10
It is regulated by a triangular shape that connects the shaft 110 that connects the shaft 9 and the shaft 110.

Due to the force F in the opening direction of the door 106, the outer link 101 is rotated counterclockwise around the pivot axis 102 on its pillar, and the door first connecting shaft 103 follows a trajectory a (see Fig. 2). ). At the same time, the inner link 108 is also rotated counterclockwise around the pivot shaft 112, and the connecting shaft 110 with the connecting link 109 rotates on the trajectory b.
At this time, the third connecting shaft 116 is regulated by the slidable engagement between the long groove 118 of the guiding member 117 of the extension part of the inner link 108 and the third connecting shaft 116.
follows the illustrated trajectory d. The trajectory d is set to gradually move away from the trajectory b around the axis 112. The connecting link 109 is the shaft 11
0 rotation clockwise, inner link 108
The angle α between the connecting link 109 and the connecting link 109 is developed, and the second door connecting shaft 115 passes through the trajectory c.

Therefore, as the outer link 101 and the inner link 108 rotate, the door 106 stands up against the vehicle body, so that the door 106 as a whole is pushed out of the vehicle body. Furthermore, the angle formed between the straight line connecting the second connecting shaft 115 and the third connecting shaft 116 and the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is changed to the outside of the vehicle by the third connecting shaft 116 moving toward the end within the long groove 118. Since the front edge of the door 106 is expanded toward the front, the rear edge of the door 106 is moved further toward the outside of the vehicle body, and the opening angle of the door 106 also becomes larger. As a result, the space for getting in and out of the vehicle near the foot of the door 106 can be increased, and the space for getting in and out of the door can also be secured. During this time, roller 1
20 rolls on the cam surface 119 of the inner link 108, and the shafts 110, 115, 11 form a triangle.
110', 115', 116' where 6 is half open
When it reaches the position of , it falls into notch 121. The filling at this time allows the door operator to know whether the door 106' is in the half-open state. In this half-open state, the outer link 101 stands up substantially relative to the vehicle body, so that sufficient space for the door's feet can be secured.

When this state is reached, the long groove 11 of the guiding member 117
8 stands up substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and by further pushing open the door 106', the third door connecting shaft 116' moves further outward along the long groove 118', and the second door connecting shaft 116' moves further outward along the long groove 118'. The line connecting the shaft 115 becomes even steeper, and the opening angle of the door 106' increases. During this time, the roller 120 makes the first notch 12.
1 and rolls on the cam surface 119, and when the third door connecting shaft 116 reaches the end of the long groove 118, it falls into the next notch 122. Door 1 indicated by two-dot chain line
06'' is fully open, door position 10 when fully open
6″ is the stopper piece 101 of the outer link 101
a and the stopper 105a of the pillar bracket 105
Three shafts 115, 116, 110 in contact with
A triangular position 115″,1 formed by
16″, 110″. Note that the outer link 101 is set to rotate even from the door half-open state to the fully open state.
Therefore, the guide member 117 corresponding to the door half-open state
The long groove 118 portion has a relatively smooth shape.

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In the previous embodiment, a guide member having a long groove was provided as an extension of the inner link, but in this embodiment, a link is used as the guide member.

One end of the link 117a serving as a guide member is pivotally supported by the door third connecting shaft 116, and the other end is pivotally supported by a shaft 126 provided on an extension of the inner link 108. Link 117 when door 106 is fully open
a″ is located on the extension line of the inner link 108″,
The inclination angle of the line connecting the door second connecting shaft 115'' and the shaft 126'' becomes maximum.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the second door connecting shaft is provided inside the first door connecting shaft that pivotally supports the outer ring, and the connecting ring is pivotally supported. By connecting the inner link so that it can rotate so that it is almost parallel to the link, the angle α between the inner link and the connecting link is in a small folded state when the door is fully closed, and the α angle increases as the door opens. This eliminates the need for a very long link to increase the space for getting in and out of the door near the foot of the door.The door space that is currently secured by the door check device on the current door is made into a concave seat, and the area formed by the door trim. Since it is only necessary to arrange the front pillar in the front pillar, it is possible to secure a large W ₁ of the original cross-sectional shape of the front pillar.

Further, according to the present invention, since the second and third door connecting shafts that regulate the door posture can be provided parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the inner link and the connecting shaft can be provided in a direction perpendicular to a line connecting these two axes. The shaft connecting the links can be arranged, and as a result, the shape of the long groove in which the third door connecting shaft engages can be made into a gentle continuous shape so as to obtain a gentle door opening/closing curve locus. Furthermore, since the long groove can be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, it is possible to rotate the outer link to a position approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle when the door is partially open, allowing the door to swing outward as much as possible when the door is partially open. An open locus is obtained.

This type of door hinge mechanism generally requires a check mechanism to check at any door opening angle position and to set the opening/closing operation load. In the present invention, the above-mentioned check mechanism can be included inside the connecting ring and the inner link. In the check mechanism, the opening/closing load is set by the frictional force of the rollers, so being able to place these parts on the indoor side of the seal is
There is no need to worry about the sliding load becoming heavy due to the influence of sand, water, freezing, etc. in the usage environment, and this has the secondary effect of stabilizing opening/closing operations.

Furthermore, when operating the door from the closed state to the open state, the movement of the door around the door first connecting shaft is regulated by the connecting link, so the outer link can reliably rotate around the shaft on both pillar sides. be moved. Therefore, when opening the door, there is no possibility that the door will rotate around the first connecting shaft due to the amount of force applied by the operator, thereby increasing the space for getting in and out of the door near the foot of the door. The door opening/closing hinge device of the present application can be operated reliably.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2. , FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3.
7 is a sectional view showing the seal at a different position in FIG. 2, FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a conventional device. FIG. 101... Outer link, 102... Vehicle pillar side axis (vehicle first pillar side axis), 112... Vehicle pillar side axis (vehicle second pillar side axis), 103...
Door first connecting shaft, 104... Pillar, 106...
Door, 108... Inner link, 109... Connecting link, 110... Shaft, 115... Door second connecting shaft, 116... Door third connecting shaft, 11
7... Guide member, 117a... Link, 118...
...long groove.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, disposed on the outside within the thickness of the door, one end pivoted to the vehicle first pillar side shaft, and the other end pivoted to the door first connection shaft. an outer link, an inner link disposed within the thickness of the door at a position substantially parallel to the outer link diagonally inward, and having one end pivoted to the vehicle second pillar side shaft;
It is disposed within the thickness of the door at a position substantially parallel to the outer link diagonally inward, and one end is rotatably connected to the other end of the inner link by a shaft, and the other end is connected to the shaft and the second pillar of the vehicle. Between the side shafts, the door is located inside the first door connecting shaft and outside the inner link, and is pivoted to the second door connecting shaft, which is located close to the inner link when the door is fully closed, and is located outside the inner link. and a connecting link provided on the door side, located near the outside of the shaft that connects the inner link and the connecting link when the door is fully closed, and located on the other end side extension of the inner link when the door is fully open. The third door connecting shaft is provided between the other end side extension of the inner link and the third door connecting shaft, and the third door connecting shaft is connected to the inner link from a position near the outside of the shaft as the door opens and closes. A door opening/closing hinge device comprising: a guiding member that guides between positions on the other end side extension portion. 2. The door opening/closing hinge device according to claim 1, wherein the guide member is provided with a long groove formed on the other end side extension of the inner link and into which the third door connecting shaft is slidably fitted. 3. The door opening/closing hinge device according to claim 1, wherein the guiding member includes a link having one end connected to the third door connecting shaft and the other end pivotally supported by the other end side extension of the inner link. .