JPH0418586B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a pressure regulating device used in a railway vehicle, which adjusts the air pressure of a source air reservoir, which is an air source for an air brake device, etc., to a certain range.

[Conventional technology]

As a conventional example of this type of pressure regulating device,
Publication No. 16971, No. 31 (32) of the revised "Train equipment and coveralls" published by Koyusha on June 15, 1975.
A specific example based on these is shown in FIG. 3 and will be described below.

In Figure 3, MC1, TC, and MC2 are the leading vehicle, intermediate vehicle, and
The rear vehicle is shown.

In the leading vehicle MC1, an air compressor CM1, a source air reservoir MR1 connected to the compressor CM1, a pressure regulator G1 connected to the source air reservoir MR1, and an output contact G1a of the pressure regulator G1 are arranged. A unit whose main configuration is a control command line SS1 is arranged. In the figure, SW1 is a switch, SR1 is a control relay, SR1a is its contact, SD1 is a control power line, and SV1 is a safety valve.

Similarly, the following units are installed in the trailing vehicle MC2, but the leading vehicle MC is installed in each component.
Add the same alphabetic characters as in the case of 1, and add the number “2” to this.
, and the explanation thereof will be omitted. In addition, intermediate vehicles
TCs may also have similar units, but for the sake of convenience, we will omit the details.

The source air reservoirs MR1 and MR2 of these units are connected to each other by the source air reservoir pipe MRP, and the control command lines SS1 and SS2 are connected to each other by the synchronization command line DS, so that the air compressors CM1 and CM2 are operated synchronously. There is.

The above pressure regulators G1 and G2 were conventionally
The mechanical type shown in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 24874 etc. was the mainstream, but in recent years, the electric type shown in Utility Model Application No. 60-2028884 etc. has been used, and this is shown in FIG.

In FIG. 4, PE is a pneumatic conversion section, AMP is an amplification section, CO1 is a first comparison section, DK is a power supply section, and the pneumatic conversion section PE, amplification section AMP, and first comparison section OP1 are connected to each other.
Supplies positive voltage +Vcc, reference voltage 0v, and negative voltage -Vcc.

The pneumatic converter PE consists of strain gauges, etc.
Air pressure P in the original air reservoir MR1 is detected as a potential difference.

The amplifier section AMP includes an operational amplifier OP3, differentially amplifies the above potential difference, and generates a signal E according to the air pressure P.
Output.

The first comparison unit CO1 includes a first operational amplifier OP1,
Diode D1, variable resistors VR1, VR2, first
A relay RY1 is provided, and a variable resistor VR2 determines a first set value E1 corresponding to the lower limit set value P1 of the air pressure P, and a diode D1 and a variable resistor VR1 determine a value ΔE greater than the first set value E1.
A second set value E2 (corresponding to the upper limit set value P2 of the air pressure P) is determined. and,
When the input signal E (air pressure P) rises and reaches the second set value E2 (upper limit set value P2), the output of the operational amplifier OP1 becomes approximately +Vcc, the first relay RY1 is demagnetized, and the output contact G1a is The first contact RY1a is turned OFF. Also, when the input signal E (air pressure P) decreases, the first set value E1
(lower limit value P1), the output of the operational amplifier OP1 becomes approximately -Vcc, the first relay RY1 is excited, and its first contact RY1a is turned on.

Note that the pressure regulator G2 of the trailing vehicle MC2 has the same configuration as the pressure regulator G1 of the leading vehicle MC1, so a description thereof will be omitted.

Next, synchronous operation of the pressure regulating device having the above configuration will be explained based on FIG. 5. In addition, the pressure regulator G1,
G2 has the same configuration, but their characteristics are slightly different due to adjustment deviations, etc., and the pressure regulator G
The upper limit setting value of pressure regulator G2 is P2, the lower limit setting value of pressure regulator G2 is P2', the lower limit setting value of pressure regulator G2 is P1', and P2>P2' and P1>P1'.

When the original air reservoirs MR1 and MR2 are initially filled, the air pressure is atmospheric pressure and the output contacts G1a and G
2a is on. Therefore, in the leading vehicle MC1, when switch SW1 is turned ON, control relays SR1 and SR2 are energized, and their respective control contacts are energized.
SR1a and SR2a turn on, air compressor CM1,
CM2 starts.

Then, when the air pressure P reaches the upper limit set value P2' after T1 time has elapsed, the output contact G of the pressure regulator G2
2a is turned OFF, but since P2>P2', the output contact G1a of the pressure regulator G1 is ON, and the control relay SR2 is kept in the excited state via the synchronization command line DS, so the air compressor CM1 and CM2 are driven synchronously.

After T2 hours have passed, the air pressure P has reached the upper limit set value P.
2, the output contact G1a of the pressure regulator G1 also
Since it is turned off, both air compressors CM1 and CM2 stop.

Due to the operation of the air brake device, etc., the original air reservoir
When the air pressure P of MR1 and MR2 decreases and reaches the lower limit set value P1 at time T3, the output contact G1a of the pressure regulator G1 turns ON, and both air compressors CM1 and CM2 are driven synchronously again, and the air pressure P increases. Begin to.
Therefore, the air pressure P does not fall below the lower limit set value P1, and the output contact G2a of the pressure regulator G2 remains in the OFF state.

Then, at time T4, the air pressure P increases to the upper limit setting value P.
2, the output contact G1a of the pressure regulator G1 becomes
It turns off, and both air compressors CM1 and CM2 stop again, and from then on, these driving and stopping operations are repeated.

As described above, in the pressure regulator, the pressure regulator with the higher lower limit set value is prioritized, except during initial charging, and synchronous operation is performed based on this. In the example of FIG. 5, the pressure regulator G1 having a higher lower limit set value P1 controls the pressure so that P1≦P≦P2. Also, if
If P2>P2', P1<P1', pressure regulator G2
Accordingly, it is controlled that P1'≦P2'.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The conventional pressure regulating device described above has the following problems.

As mentioned above, both air compressors CM1 and CM2
If a failure occurs in the pressure regulator G1, which is actually synchronously controlling the air pressure regulator G1 in the example shown in Figure 5, and its output contact G1a remains ON regardless of the level of the air pressure P1, both air Compressor CM1, CM
2 will continue to be driven.

To explain this with reference to FIG. 5, the output contact G1a of the pressure regulator G1 is turned ON at time T5, and after the air compressors CM1 and CM2 are driven, the pressure regulator G1
Even after time T6 when the air pressure P reaches the upper limit set value P2 due to some kind of failure, the output contact G1a remains
remains ON, air compressors CM1 and CM
2 continues to be driven.

As a result, the air pressure P continues to rise further, but the safety valve SV1 is installed in the original air reservoirs MR1 and MR2.
Since SV2 is provided, its safety setting value P
4.

However, since the air compressors CM1 and CM2 continue to be driven, problems such as burnout of the motors, an increase in the temperature of the discharged air, and a decrease in the dehumidification performance of the discharged air remain.

Furthermore, in the above pressure regulator, the pressure regulators G1, G
There is also the problem that no countermeasures have been taken against abnormal operation of the air compressors CM1 and CM2 due to the failure of the air compressors CM1 and CM2.

[Means for solving problems]

Therefore, the technical means of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems is to provide a pressure regulator having a first contact that turns off when the air pressure in the source air reservoir reaches the upper limit set value and turns on when it reaches the lower limit set value; By turning on this first contact, driving current is supplied to the air compressor, and the first contact is turned on.
A pressure regulator for a railway vehicle is equipped with a plurality of units having a control command line that stops the supply of drive current when turned OFF, and the respective control command lines of these units are connected to each other by a synchronization command line. a pneumatic converter that converts the air pressure in the source air reservoir into an electrical signal; an amplification section that amplifies the input signal from the pneumatic converter and increases its output by a predetermined value by a bias section; The output from this amplification section is compared with the upper limit setting value and the lower limit setting value, which are set higher by a predetermined value, and when the output of the amplification section reaches the upper limit setting value, the first contact is opened.
A first comparison section that is turned OFF and turned ON when the lower limit set value is reached, and an AC signal whose peak value is an overpressure set value that is larger than the upper limit set value when the output of the amplifying section is larger than the predetermined value. an oscillation section that
a second comparator that changes the value of the output depending on the magnitude of the output of the oscillation unit and the output of the amplification unit;
The second contact connected in series with the contact is turned ON in response to a state in which the output values of the second comparison section are different from each other, and the second contact is turned ON in response to a state in which the output of the second comparison section remains unchanged. and an output section that turns off the second contact when the second contact is turned off.

[Effect]

According to the present invention, when the air pressure in the source air reservoir is below the overpressure setting value, the signal obtained by amplifying the signal from the pneumatic conversion section by the amplification section is lower than the peak value of the AC signal oscillated by the oscillation section. small. Therefore, the output of the amplifying section repeatedly becomes a larger value or a smaller value depending on changes in the AC signal. As a result, the second comparator also repeatedly changes the value of its output signal. Therefore, the output section turns on the second contact.

In this state, when the pressure of the source air reservoir reaches the lower limit set value, the first comparison section turns on the first contact,
A current for driving the air compressor flows through the control signal line through the first and second contacts, and air compression is started. Eventually, when the pressure in the source air reservoir reaches the upper limit set value, the first comparison section turns off the first contact. As a result, no drive current flows through the control signal line, and the air compressor stops compressing.

Even if the air pressure in the source air reservoir exceeds the upper limit set value due to a failure of the first contact, the first
If the contact remains ON, the air pressure in the source air reservoir will eventually rise, the output of the amplifier section will become equal to the overpressure setting value, and the output of the second comparison section will not change and will remain at a constant value. Therefore, the output section connects the second contact to
Turn off. The second contact that is turned OFF is connected in series with the first contact, so even if the first contact remains ON, the drive current to the air compressor via the control signal line is cut off, and the air compressor stops.

Also, even though the air pressure is normal,
When the output of the amplifier section becomes large enough to exceed the overpressure setting value due to a break in the pneumatic converter section, etc., the second comparator section turns off the second contact in the same way as described above, and the air compressor stops. do.

Also, even though the air pressure is normal,
When the output of the amplifier section becomes less than a predetermined value by the bias section due to a disconnection of the pneumatic converter section, etc., the oscillation section stops generating the alternating current signal. As a result, the output signal of the second comparison section also remains constant and does not change, and the second contact
It turns OFF and the air compressor stops.

In addition, in each of the above cases, when the air compressor stops and the air pressure decreases, the air pressure regulator of the normal unit whose other first contact or air pressure regulator is not malfunctioning operates, thereby ensuring normal operation. The drive current flowing through the control signal line of the unit is passed through the synchronization signal line,
The air flows to the air compressor of the unit in which the first contact or pressure regulator has failed, and this air compressor operates.
The air pressure regulator of the normal unit controls the air compressor of the failed unit.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained below based on one embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Components that are the same as those in the prior art are designated by the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 3 to 5, and their explanations will be omitted.

This embodiment differs greatly from the conventional one because a determination unit is installed in parallel with the first comparison unit CO1 of the pressure regulators G1 and G2.
The point is that CO2 was provided. Note that although only the pressure regulator G1 is shown in FIG. 1, the other pressure regulator G2
Since both have the same configuration, explanation of the pressure regulator G2 will be omitted.

The determining unit CO2 includes an operational amplifier OP2 functioning as a second comparator, which receives its input signal E
When (the output signal of the amplifier section AMP) is smaller than the signal from the oscillation section FF, the output is +Vcc, and when the input signal E is greater than the output signal of the oscillation section FF, the output is -
Vcc.

The oscillator FF has an overpressure setting value P3 of the air pressure P.
(However, the third set value E3 corresponds to the upper limit set value P2<overpressure set value P3<safety set value P4.)
An oscillation signal with a peak value of
The output voltage E of the AMP is supplied, and when the voltage E is E≧Eb, the oscillation section FF performs an oscillation operation, and when E<Eb, the oscillation section FF is configured to stop the oscillation operation. Note that VR4 is a variable resistor for adjusting oscillation.

The output of operational amplifier OP2 is an NPN transistor
The collector-emitter conductive path of this transistor Tr is connected between +Vcc and -Vcc. A capacitor C2 and a full-wave rectifier are connected in parallel to this collector-emitter conduction path.
A series circuit of RE is connected, and a second relay Ry2 is connected to the output side of this full-wave rectifier RE. These transistor Tr, capacitor C2, and full-wave rectifier RE constitute an output section.

While the oscillator FF is in oscillation operation, the amplifier
While the output E of the AMP is smaller than the peak value E3 of the oscillation signal of the oscillator FF, the output of the operational amplifier OP2 alternately repeats +Vcc and -Vcc, and the output signal of the operational amplifier OP2 also becomes an AC signal. Also,
When the output E of the amplifier section AMP exceeds the peak value E3 of the oscillation signal of the oscillation section FF, the output of the operational amplifier OP2 becomes a constant value of -Vcc, that is, a DC signal.

While the output signal of operational amplifier OP2 is an AC signal, the transistor Tr also repeats ON and OFF,
As a result, the series circuit of capacitor C2 and full-wave rectifier RE is supplied with an alternating current voltage generated by intermittent voltage between +Vcc and -Vcc, which is full-wave rectified by full-wave rectifier RE. Things are the second relay Ry
2, and this second relay Ry2 is energized.

However, the output signal of operational amplifier OP2 is −Vcc
When it comes to a DC signal, the NPN transistor Tr becomes
Since the OFF state continues and capacitor C2 cuts off the DC current, no current flows through the full-wave rectifier RE.
The second relay Ry2 becomes demagnetized.

The second relay Ry2 has two second contacts RY2a1
and RY2a2, and the second contact RY2a1 is
Connected in series with the first contact RY1a. Output contact G
1a. Note that the first contact RY1a is connected between the collector and base of the transistor TR, the collector of this transistor TR is connected to the control command line SS1, and the emitter thereof is connected to the synchronization command line DS. In addition, a
FK is OFF between second contacts RY2a1 and RY2a2
This is a dead zone setting section for self-maintaining the state.

The second contact RY2a2 is connected to the power supply section DK and the vehicle power supply.
A series circuit including a resistor R3 and a capacitor C3 is connected in parallel to the second contact RY2a2.

This series circuit is used to compensate for starting when the air compressors CM1 and CM2 are initially charged, and also serves as the second contact.
This is to cut off the power supply to the power supply unit DK after a set time has elapsed when RY2a2 is turned off.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG. Note that the upper and lower limit set values P2, P1, P2', and P1' of the pressure regulators G1 and G2 are the fifth
As shown in the figure, it is assumed that P2>P2' and P1>P1', and normal synchronous control is performed by the pressure regulator G1. Also, signals E2, E1, E2', E corresponding to each P2, P1, P2', P1', respectively.
1' corresponds to the fact that the output E of the amplifier section AMP is biased by Eb, and P2, P1, P2',
It is set to be biased by Eb more than P1'.

In FIG. 2, a case in which everything in the pressure regulator G1 is normal is shown from the time of startup (the time of initial charging) to time T4.

When the original air reservoirs MR1 and MR2 are initially filled, everything is normal, so the first contact RY1a and the second contact RY2a1, 2a2 are turned ON, and the air compressor CM
1. CM2 starts, and air pressure P (output E of amplifier section AMP) starts to rise. At this time, E≧Eb
Therefore, as partially shown in Fig. 2, the oscillating section FF is in an oscillating state, and since the output E of the amplifying section AMP is smaller than the peak value E3 of the oscillating signal, the operational amplifier of the determining section CO2 The output of OP2 is an AC signal, and the transistor Tr
repeats ON and OFF, the second relay RY2 maintains the excited state, and the second contacts RY2a1, 2
a2 remains ON. This state continues as long as the pressure regulator G1 is normal.

Then, the air pressure P becomes the upper limit setting value P at time T2.
2, the output E of the amplifier section AMP also reaches E2, and the first contact RY1a of the pressure regulator G1 turns OFF.
Air compressors CM1 and CM2 stop.

T3 due to air consumption in air brake equipment, etc.
When the air pressure P decreases to the lower limit set value P1 in time, the output E of the amplifier section AMP also decreases to E1, the first contact RY1a turns ON, and the air compressor CM1,
When CM2 is driven again and the air pressure P reaches the upper limit set value P2 at time T4, the output E of the amplifier section AMP also reaches E2, the air compressors CM1 and CM2 stop again, and as long as the pressure regulator G1 is normal. , this drive
Repeat the stop and adjust the air pressure P to P1≦P≦P2
control within the range of

At time T5, the first contact RY1a turns ON, and after the air compressors CM1 and CM2 are driven, the first contact
If a failure occurs in which RY1a is not turned off, the air compressors CM1 and CM2 are still driven even if the air pressure P reaches the upper limit set value P2 at time T6. but,
At time T7, when the air pressure P further increases and reaches the overpressure set value P3, the output E of the amplifier section AMP becomes
The oscillation signal of the oscillation section FF reaches the peak value E3, and the output of the operational amplifier OP2 of the judgment section CO2 becomes a constant value (DC) of -Vcc, and as described above, the second relay
RY2 is demagnetized and the second relay contact RY2a1 is
OFF, and air compressors CM1 and CM2 are stopped. On the other hand, the second relay contact RY2a2 also turns OFF, and after the time determined by the resistor R3 and capacitor C3 has elapsed from the time of this OFF, the power supply section
The current supply from the vehicle power supply CE to the DK is cut off,
Power supply part DK is +Vcc, - to operational amplifier OP2 etc.
Cut off the supply of Vcc and 0v. As a result, the OFF state of the second relay contact RY2a1 is self-maintained.

When the air pressure P decreases to the lower limit setting value P1' of the other normal pressure regulator G2 at time T8 due to the operation of the air brake device, the output E of the amplifier section AMP of the pressure regulator G2 also decreases to E1'. As a result, output contact G2a of pressure regulator G2 turns ON,
When the air compressors CM1 and CM2 are driven and the air pressure P reaches the upper limit set value P2' at time T9, the output E of the amplifier section AMP of the pressure regulator G2 reaches E2'.
Output contact G2a of pressure regulator G2 turns OFF, air compressors CM1 and CM2 stop, and from then on, pressure regulator G2
Accordingly, the air pressure P is controlled to satisfy P1'≦P≦P2'.

Also, if the first contact RY1a of the pressure regulator G1 is normal and the first contact RY1a of the pressure regulator G1 is
a is turned off, and then at time T10, pressure regulator G1 is turned off.
The first contact RY1a turns on, and the air compressor CM
1. After CM2 is driven, the pneumatic converter fails at time T11 even though the air pressure P is normal.
When PE has a disconnection failure, the bias unit BA is connected in series with the pneumatic conversion unit PE, so no bias is generated, and the output E of the amplifier unit AMP becomes E<Eb. Also, when the amplifier AMP fails, the amplifier AMP
The output of may become E<Eb. In these cases, the oscillation unit FF of the determination unit CO2 stops oscillating.
As a result, the output E of the amplifier section AMP is maintained larger than the output of the transmitter section FF, and the judgment section CO2
Since the output of the operational amplifier OP2 becomes a constant value of -Vcc, the transistor Tr is turned off, the second relay RY2 is demagnetized, and the air compressors CM1 and CM2 are stopped in the same way as described above. After that,
The air pressure P is increased by the remaining normal pressure regulator G2.
is controlled to satisfy P1'≦P≦P2'.

Furthermore, even though the air pressure P is normal, the output E of the amplification unit AMP may exceed E3 due to a short circuit in the pneumatic converter PE or a failure of the amplification unit AMP. I see, if it becomes abnormally high, T4 to T9 in Figure 2
Similar to what was explained in relation to time, the judgment part CO
2 detects an abnormal height of the output E of the amplifier section AMP, and the second contacts RY2a1 and RY2a2 turn OFF,
After the air compressors CM1 and CM2 stop, the remaining normal pressure regulator G2 causes the air pressure P to become:
It is controlled to satisfy P1'≦P≦P2'.

The oscillator FF in this embodiment is as shown as the oscillator 10 in FIG. 1 of Utility Model Application No. 60-202884.

〔effect〕

As is clear from the above explanation, according to the pressure regulator of the present invention, the first contact point is connected to the pressure regulator that actually synchronously controls the air compressor among the plurality of pressure regulators.
Even if a failure occurs that maintains the ON state, an excessive rise in air pressure is detected and the second contact in series with the first contact is activated.
Since it is turned OFF, the air compressor can be stopped immediately, and from then on, the air pressure can be controlled within a certain range using the remaining normal pressure regulators. Therefore, problems such as burnout of the motor and deterioration of dehumidifying performance of discharged air are solved. Furthermore, if the output of the amplifying section becomes abnormally high or low due to a disconnection or short-circuit failure of the pneumatic converter or a malfunction of the amplifying section, the second Since the contact is turned OFF, the air compressor will not be driven if there is a failure in the pneumatic converter or the like, providing a failsafe.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the same embodiment, Figure 3 is an overall configuration diagram of the conventional example, and Figure 4 is the pressure regulator G1 in the conventional example.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the conventional example. CM1, CM2...Air compressor, MR1, MR2
...Source air reservoir, G1, G2...Pressure regulator, G1a,
G2a...Output contact, SS1, SS2...Control command line, DS...Synchronization command line, RY1a...1st contact,
RY2a1...second contact, CO1...first comparison section,
OP2... operational amplifier (second comparison section), FF... oscillation section, {Nr... transistor, C2... capacitor, RE... full wave rectifier, }... output section.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When the air pressure in the source air reservoir reaches the upper limit set value,
A pressure regulator that has a first contact that turns off and turns on when the lower limit set value is reached, and a control that supplies drive current to the air compressor when the first contact turns on, and stops supplying the drive current when the first contact turns off. command line and
In a pressure regulator for a railway vehicle, the pressure regulator is equipped with a plurality of units having a plurality of units, and the respective control command lines of these units are connected to each other by a synchronization command line. an amplifying section that amplifies the input signal from this air-electric conversion section and raises its output by a predetermined value by a bias section; and an upper limit that is set higher than the output from this amplifying section by the predetermined value. a first comparison section that compares the set value and the lower limit set value and turns off the first contact when the output of the amplifying section reaches the upper limit set value and turns on the first contact when the output reaches the lower limit set value; an oscillation unit that outputs an alternating current signal having a peak value at an overpressure setting value that is larger than the upper limit setting value when the output is larger than the predetermined value; and an output of the oscillation unit that is greater than or smaller than the output of the amplification unit. a second comparison section that changes the output value according to and an output section that turns on the second contact when the output of the second comparison section remains unchanged, and turns off the second contact according to the non-changing state of the output of the second comparison section.