JPH0422614B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0422614B2 JPH0422614B2 JP26661087A JP26661087A JPH0422614B2 JP H0422614 B2 JPH0422614 B2 JP H0422614B2 JP 26661087 A JP26661087 A JP 26661087A JP 26661087 A JP26661087 A JP 26661087A JP H0422614 B2 JPH0422614 B2 JP H0422614B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- coal ash
- gas
- tuyere
- coal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
この発明は、石炭灰の処理炉および処理炉の操
業方法に関し、とくに電力業で多量に発生する石
炭灰の有利な資源化を鉄鋼業で実現しようとする
ものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention relates to a coal ash processing furnace and a method of operating the processing furnace, and in particular, the present invention relates to an advantageous resource utilization of coal ash, which is generated in large quantities in the electric power industry, in the steel industry. This is what we are trying to achieve.
（従来の技術）
石炭火力は原子力についで主要な電力源として
考えられている。石炭火力では石炭使用量の15〜
25％が石炭灰となる。現在では、石炭火力での石
炭使用量は年間2000万ｔを越えており、石炭灰は
年間約400万ｔも発生している。(Conventional Technology) Coal-fired power is considered as the main source of electricity next to nuclear power. For coal-fired power plants, the amount of coal used is 15~
25% becomes coal ash. Currently, the amount of coal used in coal-fired power plants exceeds 20 million tons per year, and approximately 4 million tons of coal ash are generated annually.
（発明が解決しよううとする問題点）
石炭火力は今後も増加する見込で、西暦2000年
には石炭灰は年間1000万ｔにも達すると予測され
るが、この膨大な灰の処理・処分が重要な課題と
なつている。というのは現状では、発生する石炭
灰のうち、セメント原料などに積極的に利用され
ているのは約30％程度であつて、残りの約70％は
埋立てなどで処理されているにすぎないからであ
る。(Problem that the invention seeks to solve) Coal-fired power generation is expected to continue to increase, and coal ash is expected to reach 10 million tons per year by the year 2000. This has become an important issue. Currently, only about 30% of the coal ash generated is actively used as raw material for cement, and the remaining 70% is disposed of in landfills. That's because there isn't.
この発明は、上記の問題を有利に解決するもの
で、石炭灰の用途を拡大して、その効果的な有効
利用を図ることができる石炭灰の処理炉およびそ
の操業方法を提案することを目的とする。 The purpose of the present invention is to propose a coal ash processing furnace and its operating method that can advantageously solve the above problems and can expand the uses of coal ash and make effective use of it. shall be.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
さて、石炭灰の有効利用の拡大のためには、設
備費や操業費が安いこと、石炭灰が多量に利用で
きることが重要である。(Means for solving the problem) In order to expand the effective use of coal ash, it is important that equipment costs and operating costs are low and that coal ash can be used in large quantities.
そこで発明者らは、石炭灰の有効利用について
種々検討の結果、該石炭灰を塊成化などの事前処
理を行うことなしに粉状のままで溶融処理してス
ラグ化し、後述する高炉スラグと同等の性質を持
たせることが所期した目的の達成に極めて有効で
あることの知見を得た。 Therefore, as a result of various studies on the effective use of coal ash, the inventors melted the coal ash in its powder form and turned it into slag without performing any prior treatment such as agglomeration. We have obtained the knowledge that providing equivalent properties is extremely effective in achieving the intended purpose.
この発明は、上記の知見に立脚するものであ
る。 This invention is based on the above knowledge.
すなわちこの発明は、炭材の充てん層および／
又は流動層を形成する竪形炉からなり、該竪形炉
本体の胴部の下方には、支燃性ガスを供給する１
段又は２段以上の吹込み羽口とスラグ化した石炭
灰を排出する排出口とを形成し、一方竪形炉本体
の上部には、炭材を投入する投入口、主に炉頂ガ
スの２次燃焼を司る炉頂羽口および炉内にて発生
したガスを排出する排出口を形成してなる石炭灰
処理炉であり、またこの発明は炭材の充てん層お
よび／又は流動層を形成する竪形炉からなり、該
竪形炉本体の胴部の下方には、支燃性ガスを供給
する１段又は２段以上の吹込み羽口とスラグ化し
た石炭灰の排出口を備える一方、竪形炉本体の上
部には、炭材の投入口、炉頂羽口および炉内発生
ガスの排出口を備える石炭灰処理炉にて、石炭灰
を溶融処理してスラグ化するに際し、石炭灰を上
記吹込み羽口および炉頂羽口のうち少なくとも何
れかの羽口から、そのスラグ化に役立つ粉体とと
もに炉内に吹込むことを特徴とする石炭灰処理炉
の操業方法である。 In other words, the present invention provides a carbonaceous material filled layer and/or
Or, it consists of a vertical furnace that forms a fluidized bed, and the lower part of the body of the vertical furnace main body is provided with a fuel supply gas that supplies combustion-supporting gas.
A stage or two or more stages of blowing tuyeres and an outlet for discharging slagged coal ash are formed, while an inlet for introducing carbonaceous material is formed at the top of the vertical furnace body, and an inlet for mainly supplying top gas. A coal ash processing furnace is formed by forming a top tuyere for secondary combustion and an exhaust port for discharging gas generated in the furnace. The lower part of the body of the vertical furnace body is equipped with one or more stages of blowing tuyeres for supplying combustion-supporting gas and an outlet for discharging slagged coal ash. The upper part of the vertical furnace body is equipped with a coal material inlet, a furnace top tuyere, and an outlet for gas generated in the furnace.When coal ash is melted and turned into slag, the coal ash is This is a method for operating a coal ash processing furnace, characterized in that ash is blown into the furnace from at least one of the above-mentioned blowing tuyere and the furnace top tuyere together with powder that is useful for turning the ash into slag.
ここに石炭灰をスラグ化するに役立つ粉体と
は、微粉炭や粉状のCaO含有物質を意味する。 Here, the powder useful for turning coal ash into slag means pulverized coal and powdered CaO-containing substances.
以下にこの発明を具体的に説明する。 This invention will be specifically explained below.
高炉スラグは、高炉で溶融された鉄鉱石の鉄以
外の成分が副原料の石炭石やコークス中の灰分と
一緒になつたもので、銑鉄トンあたり約0.3トン
生成する。高炉スラグには、徐冷スラグと水砕ス
ラグの二種類があり、徐冷スラグは道路用の路盤
材、コンクリート用粗骨材、セメントクリンカー
原材などに使われ、一方水砕スラグは高炉セメン
ト原料、ポルトランドセメント混合材、コンクリ
ート混合剤などに利用されている。 Blast furnace slag is made by combining the non-iron components of iron ore melted in a blast furnace with the auxiliary raw materials coal stone and ash in coke, and is produced approximately 0.3 tons per ton of pig iron. There are two types of blast furnace slag: air-cooled slag and granulated slag. Air-cooled slag is used as road base material, coarse aggregate for concrete, raw material for cement clinker, etc., while granulated slag is used for blast furnace cement. It is used as a raw material, portland cement mixture, concrete mixture, etc.
そしてかかる高炉スラグの需要は今後ますます
増加すると予想されるので、シリカやアルミナを
豊富に含有している石炭灰をスラグ化すれば、石
炭灰の資源化と大量処理が期待できる。 Since the demand for such blast furnace slag is expected to increase further in the future, if coal ash containing abundant silica and alumina is turned into slag, it is expected that coal ash will be turned into a resource and processed in large quantities.
さて第１図に、この発明に従う石炭灰処理炉の
構成を模式的に示す。 Now, FIG. 1 schematically shows the configuration of a coal ash processing furnace according to the present invention.
同図における番号１は石炭やコークスなどの炭
材の充てん層および／又は流動層を形成する竪形
炉、２及び３は竪形炉１の胴部の下方に設けた吹
込み羽口で、この例では炉内を高温状態に維持し
短時間で石炭灰を処理できるように上下２段設け
てある。４はスラグ化した石炭灰を排出する排出
口、５は炭材を投入する投入口、６は主に炉頂ガ
スの２次燃焼を司る炉頂羽口であり、そして７は
炉内にて発生したガスを排出するガス排出口であ
る。 In the figure, number 1 is a vertical furnace that forms a packed bed and/or fluidized bed of carbonaceous materials such as coal or coke, and 2 and 3 are blowing tuyeres provided below the body of the vertical furnace 1. In this example, there are two stages, upper and lower, so that the inside of the furnace can be maintained at a high temperature and the coal ash can be processed in a short time. 4 is a discharge port for discharging slagged coal ash, 5 is an input port for charging carbonaceous material, 6 is a furnace top tuyere that mainly controls the secondary combustion of the furnace top gas, and 7 is a furnace inside the furnace. This is a gas exhaust port that exhausts generated gas.
（作用）
竪形炉１では、その投入口５から塊状の石炭お
よび／又はコークスが装入される。一方、排出口
７からは炉内で生成したガスが連続的に排出され
る。また吹込み羽口２および３の何れか一方又は
両方からは高温の支燃性ガス、主に空気が石炭
灰、粉状の石炭および粉状CaO含有物質（石灰
石、ドロマイト、流動層燃焼ボイラーにおける使
用済石灰など）ととも吹込まれる。ここでここれ
らの吹込み量は、石炭灰の性状とくに化学組成に
よつて調整される。竪形炉１内で溶融処理されス
ラグ化した石炭灰は炉床部に溜り排出口４から連
続的又は継続的に排出される。(Operation) In the vertical furnace 1, lumped coal and/or coke is charged through the input port 5. On the other hand, gas generated in the furnace is continuously discharged from the exhaust port 7. In addition, from either or both of the blowing tuyeres 2 and 3, high-temperature combustion-supporting gas, mainly air, is ejected from coal ash, powdered coal, and powdered CaO-containing materials (limestone, dolomite, in fluidized bed combustion boilers). (spent lime, etc.). Here, the amount of these injections is adjusted depending on the properties of the coal ash, especially the chemical composition. Coal ash, which has been melted and turned into slag in the vertical furnace 1, is collected in the hearth and is continuously or continuously discharged from the discharge port 4.
石炭灰の溶融処理に当つて竪形炉１内に装入さ
れた炭材が加熱され熱分解（乾留）、ガス化する
際、炉の上部におけるガス温度が低いととくに石
炭から発生するタール分が未分解のまま排ガス中
に含有されガス排出口７の配管内に付着し配管が
閉塞して操業不能となるトラブルが起こつたり、
また、炉内には炭材の流動層および／又は充てん
層が形成されるので、炉頂における排ガス中の
CO／CO2の値が大きくなり（CO％が高くCO2％
が低い）、炉内で熱を有効に利用できる比率が低
くなつて炭材の原単位が上昇する不利がある。 During the melting process of coal ash, when the carbon material charged in the vertical furnace 1 is heated, thermally decomposed (carbonized), and gasified, if the gas temperature in the upper part of the furnace is low, the tar generated from the coal will be reduced. is contained in the exhaust gas undecomposed and adheres to the piping of the gas exhaust port 7, causing problems such as clogging of the piping and inability to operate.
In addition, since a fluidized bed and/or a packed bed of carbonaceous materials are formed in the furnace, the exhaust gas at the top of the furnace
The value of CO/CO 2 becomes large (CO % is high and CO 2 %
(low), the ratio of heat that can be used effectively in the furnace is lowered, which has the disadvantage of increasing the unit consumption of carbonaceous materials.
これらの問題を避けるためには炉頂ガス温度を
所定の温度（800℃）以上に維持することが有効
であり、そこでこの発明においては、炉頂羽口６
から支燃性ガスを炉内に吹込み炉頂ガスの一部を
燃焼させる。なお、炉頂ガス温度が上がりすぎる
場合には、水蒸気又は水を炉頂に添加することに
より対処する。炉頂羽口６はこのように炉頂ガス
の温度、ガス組成（主としてCO／CO2）を調整
できるのでこれによつて排ガス用の配管の閉塞と
か炭材原単位の上昇を回避できる利点がある他、
比較的粒径が大きい場合には、酸素含有気体とと
もに石炭灰も吹込むことができる。 In order to avoid these problems, it is effective to maintain the furnace top gas temperature above a predetermined temperature (800°C), so in this invention, the furnace top tuyere 6
A combustion-supporting gas is blown into the furnace and a part of the furnace top gas is combusted. Note that if the furnace top gas temperature rises too much, this can be dealt with by adding steam or water to the furnace top. The furnace top tuyere 6 can adjust the temperature and gas composition (mainly CO/CO 2 ) of the furnace top gas in this way, which has the advantage of avoiding clogging of exhaust gas piping and increasing the carbon material consumption rate. In addition,
If the particle size is relatively large, coal ash can also be injected together with the oxygen-containing gas.
なお、この発明の処理炉では、炉１内に形成さ
れた炭材の流動層においては良好な燃焼、熱交換
が実現され、石炭灰の溶融処理の際にスラグフオ
ーミングとか耐火物の損傷などを効果的に防止で
きる利点がある。 In addition, in the processing furnace of the present invention, good combustion and heat exchange are achieved in the fluidized bed of carbonaceous material formed in the furnace 1, and slag forming and damage to refractories are avoided during melting of coal ash. It has the advantage of being able to effectively prevent this.
（実施例）
上掲第１図に示した処理炉（炉内径0.4ｍ、炉
高３ｍ）を適用して石炭灰の溶融処理を行つたと
ころ次の結果が得られた。(Example) When coal ash was melted using the processing furnace shown in FIG. 1 (furnace inner diameter: 0.4 m, furnace height: 3 m), the following results were obtained.
なお、操業条件は、 (1) 送風量：上段羽口２（３本）110Nm3／hr. 下段羽口３（３本）110Nm3／hr. 炉頂羽口６（２本）60Nm3／hr. (2) 石炭灰吹込量：310Kg／hr 上段羽口270Kg／hr 下段羽口40Kg／hr (3) 微粉炭吹込量：70Kg／hr 上段羽口 400Kg／hr 下段羽口330Kg／hr (4) 石灰石吹込量：280Kg／hr 上段羽口 220Kg／hr 下段羽口60Kg／hr (5) コークスの装入量：25Kg／hr とした。 The operating conditions are as follows: (1) Air flow rate: Upper tuyere 2 (3 pieces) 110Nm 3 /hr. Lower tuyere 3 (3 pieces) 110Nm 3 /hr. Furnace top tuyere 6 (2 pieces) 60Nm 3 /hr. hr. (2) Coal ash injection amount: 310Kg/hr Upper tuyere 270Kg/hr Lower tuyere 40Kg/hr (3) Pulverized coal injection amount: 70Kg/hr Upper tuyere 400Kg/hr Lower tuyere 330Kg/hr (4 ) Limestone injection amount: 280Kg/hr Upper tuyere 220Kg/hr Lower tuyere 60Kg/hr (5) Coke charging amount: 25Kg/hr.
スラグの生成量は410Kg／hrであり、その組成
は
SiO2：38.8％
Al2O3：15.5％
CaO：39.1％
MgO：3.2％
であつた。 The amount of slag produced was 410 Kg/hr, and its composition was SiO 2 : 38.8% Al 2 O 3 : 15.5% CaO: 39.1% MgO: 3.2%.
（発明の効果）
かくしてこの発明によれば、石炭灰を操業コス
トの上昇を伴なうことなしに多量に処理すること
が可能になり、石炭灰を資源化して有効に利用す
ることができる。(Effects of the Invention) Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to process a large amount of coal ash without increasing operating costs, and it is possible to convert coal ash into a resource and use it effectively.
第１図は、この発明に従う処理炉の構成説明図
である。
１……竪形炉、２……吹込み羽口、３……吹込
み羽口、４……排出口、５……投入口、６……炉
頂羽口、７……ガス排出口。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of a processing furnace according to the present invention. 1...Vertical furnace, 2...Blowing tuyere, 3...Blowing tuyere, 4...Discharge port, 5...Input port, 6...Furnace top tuyere, 7...Gas discharge port.
Claims (1)
る竪形炉からなり、該竪形炉本体の胴部の下方に
は、支燃性ガスを供給する１段又は２段以上の吹
込み羽口とスラグ化した石炭灰を排出する排出口
とを形成し、一方竪形炉本体の上部には、炭材を
投入する投入口、主に炉頂ガスの２次燃焼を司る
炉頂羽口および炉内にて発生したガスを排出する
排出口を形成してなる石炭灰処理炉。 ２ 炭材の充てん層および／又は流動層を形成す
る竪形炉からなり、該竪形炉本体の胴部の下方に
は、支燃性ガスを供給する１段又は２段以上の吹
込み羽口とスラグ化した石炭灰の排出口を備える
一方、竪形炉本体の上部には、炭材の投入口、炉
頂羽口および炉内発生ガスの排出口を備える石炭
灰処理炉にて、石炭灰を溶融処理してスラグ化す
るに際し、石炭灰を上記吹込み羽口および炉頂羽
口のうち少なくとも何れかの羽口から、そのスラ
グ化に役立つ粉体とともに炉内に吹込むことを特
徴とする石炭灰処理炉の操業方法。[Scope of Claims] 1. Consists of a vertical furnace forming a packed bed and/or a fluidized bed of carbonaceous material, and below the body of the vertical furnace body is one or two stages for supplying combustion-supporting gas. The upper part of the vertical furnace body has an input port for introducing carbonaceous material, and a secondary combustion port for mainly the top gas. A coal ash processing furnace comprising a furnace top tuyere for controlling the gas flow and an exhaust port for discharging the gas generated in the furnace. 2. Consists of a vertical furnace that forms a packed bed and/or a fluidized bed of carbonaceous material, and below the body of the vertical furnace body is one or more stages of blowing impellers that supply combustion-supporting gas. A coal ash processing furnace is equipped with an inlet for charcoal material, a top tuyere, and an outlet for gas generated in the furnace at the top of the vertical furnace body. When coal ash is melted and turned into slag, the coal ash is blown into the furnace from at least one of the above-mentioned blowing tuyere and furnace top tuyere along with powder that helps in turning it into slag. Features of operating method of coal ash processing furnace.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26661087A JPH01111437A (en) | 1987-10-23 | 1987-10-23 | Coal ash-treating oven and operation thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26661087A JPH01111437A (en) | 1987-10-23 | 1987-10-23 | Coal ash-treating oven and operation thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01111437A JPH01111437A (en) | 1989-04-28 |
| JPH0422614B2 true JPH0422614B2 (en) | 1992-04-20 |
Family
ID=17433208
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26661087A Granted JPH01111437A (en) | 1987-10-23 | 1987-10-23 | Coal ash-treating oven and operation thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01111437A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100563370B1 (en) * | 2000-11-02 | 2006-03-22 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Screwdriver Unit for MC Unit |
| KR100434151B1 (en) * | 2002-03-21 | 2004-06-04 | 엘지산전 주식회사 | Apparatus for connecting plug in cradle type circuit breaker |
-
1987
- 1987-10-23 JP JP26661087A patent/JPH01111437A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01111437A (en) | 1989-04-28 |
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