JPH0424497B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention provides an exterior wall for a wooden prefabricated house that can absorb various conditions due to regional differences or border differences and create a comfortable living space while fully utilizing the advantages of factory production. It's about structure.

As is well known, prefabricated houses have become popular because their constituent materials can be mass-produced in factories, making it possible to reduce costs and ensure quality.

However, in constructing a house using structural materials formed to a predetermined standard through factory production, it is not easy to absorb differences in various conditions due to regional and environmental differences.

In other words, different areas have different natural conditions such as temperature, humidity, and rainfall, and even within the same area, areas may be relatively quiet or have noise, risk of fire spread, etc. There are differences in conditions, such as whether the area is crowded with houses.

On the other hand, in general, it is preferable that the wall members of houses in particular have sufficient properties such as heat insulation, soundproofing, moisture proofing, and fireproofing in response to the above conditions. Depending on the region, manufacturing the material would add unnecessary performance, making it unnecessarily expensive and undesirable in terms of cost.

Therefore, in order to cope with the above conditions, for example, the design of wall members has been changed depending on the region, the wall thickness has been increased and the amount of insulation material has been increased, the exterior wall finish has been coated with a thick layer of mortar, etc. Alternatively, moisture-proofing, antiseptic treatment, etc. are performed, but this results in high-mix, low-volume production, which eliminates the advantages of mass production.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have developed various methods for creating comfortable living spaces for wooden prefabricated houses by absorbing various conditions due to regional or environmental differences while fully utilizing the advantages of factory production. As a result of repeated studies, we decided to construct the exterior walls using unified basic structural members, and apply a general dry or wet finish to the exterior surface in normal regions, while In special areas (districts) where there is a risk of noise and fire spread due to densely populated areas, lightweight aerated concrete panels may be fixed to the outside of the basic components listed above as necessary. By making the outer wall of the house a double structure, it is possible to absorb various conditions due to regional or environmental differences and create a comfortable living space.
The present invention was developed based on the idea that by using structural members formed to the above-mentioned predetermined standards in all regions, mass production in factories can be made possible and costs can be reduced.

The present invention relates to an external wall structure that is realized as an external wall structure of a wooden prefabricated house in a special area as described above, that is, a wooden panel that is filled with a heat insulating material inside and constitutes the external wall of the house, and an external wall of the wooden panel. It comprises a lightweight aerated concrete panel that is fixed with vertical ventilation passages, and a fixing fitting and a locking fitting that fix the lightweight aerated concrete panel to the wood panel, and the fixing fitting includes the above-mentioned Among the lightweight cellular concrete panels, the lightweight cellular concrete panel is fixed to the reinforcing bars of the lightweight cellular concrete panel located below and arranged on the upper back surface of the lightweight cellular concrete panel, and the upper part is fixed to the wood panel, Further, the locking metal fittings are fixed to reinforcing bars of the lightweight cellular concrete panel located above among the lightweight cellular concrete panels, and are arranged on the lower back surface of the lightweight cellular concrete panel, and This provides an outer wall structure for a wooden prefabricated house that is secured to the upper part.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the outer wall structure of a wooden prefabricated house of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described.

Fig. 1 is a schematic partially exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the main parts thereof.
Wood-based double-sided panel filled with
constitutes the outer wall of the house 1, and in the embodiment, a waterproof layer 4 is applied to the outer surface in advance at a factory or the like as shown in the figure.
is formed. A plurality of lightweight cellular concrete panels 6, 6, . . . are fixed to the outside of the wooden panel 2 via a plurality of gap forming members 5, 5, . . . such as square timbers. The gap forming members 5, 5, ... are fixed to the outer surface of the wooden panel 2 in the vertical direction at intervals in the horizontal direction, respectively,
Ventilation passages 7, 7... are formed between them in the vertical direction.

The above lightweight aerated concrete panels 6, 6,...
In terms of performance, it has excellent soundproofing, fireproofing, heat insulation, moisture proofing, antiseptic properties, and design.
In terms of manufacturing, it has the advantage of being mass-producible, inexpensive, and lightweight, and in terms of construction, it has the advantage of being easy to install by mechanical construction.

Furthermore, the concrete panels 6, 6,..., on both sides of the building openings 8, 8,... on the first and second floors of the wooden house 1, have a size approximately equal to the height of one floor. things are used,
Further, the upper side of the building openings 8, 8 on the first floor, and the upper side and the lower side of the building openings 8, 8 on the second floor are used with a size that covers them.

And these concrete panels 6,6
... are fixed to the wooden panel 2 at appropriate locations where the gap forming members 5, 5, ... are present on the back side with fixer anchors, etc., and if necessary, the lower and upper parts thereof are fixed using metal fittings. Furthermore, waterproof joint treatment is applied to the joints between the concrete panels 6, 6 as appropriate.

The above-mentioned fixation method using metal fittings and the above-mentioned waterproof joint treatment will be explained for the concrete panels 6, 6 on the first floor and the second floor, which have a size approximately equal to the height of one floor. As shown in Fig. 3, the lower part is fixed using locking fittings 9 as shown in Fig. 4, which are fixed to the lower part of the wooden panel 2 on the first floor at appropriate intervals in the lateral direction. This is done by locking a hook 10 protruding from the lower back surface of the panel 6 from above. The hook 10 is fixed to reinforcing bars 11 inside the concrete panel 6, as shown in FIG.
It is open at the upper side. In addition, to fix the upper part of the concrete panel 6 on the first floor, as shown in FIG. This is done by fixing it to the top of the panel 2. The upper part of this fixture 13 is
It has the same shape as the above-mentioned locking metal fittings 9, and the lower part of the concrete panel 6 on the second floor is fixed by hanging metal fittings 10 protruding from the back surface of the lower part at appropriate intervals.
This is done by locking the upper part of the fixing metal fitting 13 as shown in FIG. The upper part of the concrete panel 6 on the second floor is fixed as follows.
As shown in FIG. 6, this is done using fixing fittings 13, similar to the concrete panels 6 on the first floor. In addition, waterproof joint treatment between the concrete panels 6 on the first floor and the concrete panels 6 on the second floor is performed by sequentially applying fireproof joint material 14, backup material 15, and caulking material to the joints, as shown in FIG. This is done by filling 16. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 17 indicates the mounting level of the eaves ceiling material, and the fixing metal fittings 13 are hidden by the mounting of the eaves ceiling material. Further, the ventilation passage 7 opens into the eaves at its upper part and communicates with the outside as appropriate.

In addition, it is preferable for construction that the size of the concrete panel 6 used in the exterior wall structure of the present invention is as large as possible, and it is preferable to use at least one panel with a size approximately equal to the height of one floor. preferable. When focusing on the entire external surface of any floor on any floor of a house, the concrete panel 6 is designed to cover the upper and lower edges of the concrete panel 6 in areas where there is no building opening in the middle of the vertical direction. It is preferable to fix a part having a size that extends between the parts, and in a part where there is a building opening in the middle part in the vertical direction, between the upper edge thereof and the upper edge of the building opening, Further, it is preferable to fix thereto an object having a size extending between the lower edge of the outer surface part and the lower edge of the building opening, respectively or one of them.

Further, in the outer wall structure of the present invention, the ventilation passage 7,
7, . . . are not formed by the gap forming members 5, 5 as in the above embodiment, but instead are formed by a plurality of vertical ventilation channel forming grooves 7', 7 on the back surface of the concrete panel 6, as shown in FIG. ', . . . may be formed in advance and the concrete panel 6 may be directly fixed to the outer surface of the wooden panel. In addition to this, the ventilation passages 7, 7, . . . can also be formed by devising the mounting fittings.

As mentioned above, the outer wall structure of the wooden prefabricated house of the present invention has a double structure in which a lightweight aerated concrete panel is fixed to the outside of the wooden panel filled with a heat insulating material through a vertical ventilation passage. Therefore, the insulation effect of wooden panels filled with insulation material, various effects of concrete panels in terms of performance, manufacturing and construction as mentioned above, the drying effect of concrete panels due to ventilation channels, and the effect of concrete panels on concrete. The effect of maintaining the performance of wooden panels, the drying effect of wooden panels at a constant temperature due to the ventilation passage covered with concrete panels on the outside,
This improves the durability of the house, the effect of draining heat and condensed water through the ventilation passages, the effect of preventing vibration propagation through the ventilation passages, the effect that the concrete panel can function as a finishing material as it is, and the concrete panel as shown in Figure 7. By integrally fixing this concrete panel to a wood panel, the concrete panel functions as a load-bearing wall and has various effects such as strengthening the house. It is most suitable for the exterior wall structure of wooden prefabricated houses in special areas such as local areas and areas where there is a risk of noise and fire spread due to densely populated areas.

In addition, for ordinary areas other than the above areas,
Since a known dry or wet finish can be applied to the outer surface of a wooden panel filled with heat insulating material without fixing a concrete panel, the present invention makes full use of the advantages of factory production in prefabricated houses. It is possible to create a comfortable living space by absorbing various conditions due to regional or environmental differences, and
By using wood panels formed to a predetermined standard in all regions, it is possible to mass produce in factories and reduce costs. In addition, the fixing fittings function as the upper mounting fitting of the lightweight cellular concrete panel located below and the lower mounting fitting of the lightweight cellular concrete panel located above, respectively, making the mounting structure simple and construction easy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic partially exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the main part, and FIG.
The figure is an enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view showing how the lightweight aerated concrete panels are fixed at the lower part of the first floor, Figure 4 is a perspective view of the fixing fittings in Figure 3, and Figure 5 is the lightweight aerated concrete panel between the first and second floors. FIG. 6 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing how a lightweight foamed concrete panel is fixed in the upper part of the second floor; FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a cellular concrete panel. 1...House, 2...Wood panel, 3...Insulation material, 6...Lightweight aerated concrete panel, 10
...Locking metal fittings, 11...Reinforcement bars, 13...Fixing metal fittings.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A wooden panel that is filled with a heat insulating material and constitutes the outer wall of a house; A lightweight aerated concrete panel that is fixed to the outside of the wooden panel with vertical ventilation passages; It is equipped with a fixing fitting and a locking fitting for fixing the lightweight cellular concrete panel to the above-mentioned wooden panel, and the above-mentioned fixing fitting is attached to the lightweight cellular concrete panel located below among the above-mentioned lightweight cellular concrete panels. The locking metal fittings are fixed to reinforcing bars and placed on the back surface of the upper part of the lightweight cellular concrete panel, and the upper part thereof is fixed to the wooden panel. A wooden prefabricated house characterized in that the housing is fixed to reinforcing bars of a lightweight cellular concrete panel located at the rear surface of the lower part of the lightweight cellular concrete panel, and is locked to the upper part of the fixing fittings. exterior wall structure.