JPH0424551B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a reciprocating pump that has a crank mechanism and pumps out liquid using a reciprocating member such as a piston portion.

[Conventional technology]

In such conventional reciprocating pumps, a guide part that guides the base part of a reciprocating member such as a piston part in the axial direction is formed integrally with the crankcase, and the connecting rod is connected through this guide part. Since it is difficult to insert and remove the reciprocating member and connecting rod, it is necessary to remove the crankshaft supported by the bearings from the crankcase in order to remove or assemble the reciprocating member and connecting rod. It is necessary to ensure the accuracy between the provided bearing support hole and the bearing, between the crankshaft and the bearing, maintain the overall assembly accuracy, and take care to prevent parts from getting dirty or scattered. However, when there is no jig, careful attention is required, which inevitably causes a sense of complication and fatigue. Also, of the two seals that maintain liquid tightness around the outer circumference of the reciprocating member, the seal on the crankcase side is disposed in the crankcase together with the guide part, while the seal on the pump chamber side is installed in the crankcase. The guide part and the two seals were disposed in a base manifold separate from the case, and the coaxiality between the guide part and the two seals was insufficient, resulting in uneven wear of the seals.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The object of the present invention is to provide a reciprocating pump in which a reciprocating member and a connecting rod can be taken out and assembled without removing the crankshaft from the crankcase, and particularly to a reciprocating member and a connecting rod that is in sliding contact with the periphery of the reciprocating member. It is an object of the present invention to provide a reciprocating pump that can improve coaxiality with a seal that is attached to a reciprocating pump.

[Means to solve the problem]

This invention includes a crankcase 14 in which a crankshaft 10 is disposed, and a crankcase 14 in which a crankshaft 10 is disposed;
The connecting rod 16 attached to 0 and this connecting rod 1
6, having base portions 24, 86 pin-coupled to
Reciprocating members 22, 39, 84 that reciprocate to send out the liquid in the pump chambers 34, 88, and a guide portion 42 that guides the base portions 24, 86 of the reciprocating members 22, 39, 84 in the axial direction thereof. . Here, the parts 52, 58, 94 defining the pump chambers 34, 88 and the part 4 in which the reciprocating members 22, 39, 84 extend
4 and 92, the seals 74, 76, 9 maintain liquid tightness in the outer peripheral range of the reciprocating members 22, 39, 84.
Seal holding parts 73, 77, 9 for 8, 102
7, 101 and the guide portions 42, 96 are coaxially machined and disposed on the latter portions 44, 92, and each of the seal holding portions 73, 77, 9
7, 101 and the guide portions 42, 96 are proposed as a reciprocating pump characterized in that their inner diameters decrease stepwise from the pump chambers 34, 88 side toward the crankshaft 10 side. be.

[Effect]

That is, in this invention, the guide part that guides the base of the reciprocating member is disposed in a manifold separate from the crankcase, and by removing the manifold from the crankcase, the guide part that guides the base part of the reciprocating member is provided on the manifold mounting side of the crankcase. A sufficiently large opening is created through which the reciprocating member and the connecting rod can be moved in and out of the crankcase, so that the reciprocating member and the connecting rod can be moved in and out of the crankcase without removing the crankshaft from the crankcase. can be removed and assembled,
In addition, in the manifold, the part that defines the pump chamber and the part in which the reciprocating member extends are integrally constructed, and a seal holding part for two seals that maintain the liquid tightness of the reciprocating member is arranged in the latter part together with the guide part, and 2
The two seal holding parts and the guide part can be machined coaxially.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a piston pump in which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a partially sectional plan view thereof. The crankshaft 10 is rotatably supported at both ends by a crankcase 14 via ball bearings 12, and is driven by a prime mover (not shown). The connecting rod 16 is rotatably attached to the crankshaft 10 by a bolt 18,
The opening of the crankcase 14 on the crankshaft 10 side is covered by a cover 20. piston rod 2
2 is pin-coupled to the connecting rod 16 at a base portion 24 formed at one end thereof, and a small diameter portion 25 is set at the other end. This small diameter portion 25 has a disk 28,
The valve body 36, the spacer 30, and the disk 32 are inserted through the nut 26, and the nut 26 is screwed into the threaded portion formed at the end thereof, and is tightened to the other end of the piston rod 22, thereby forming a piston portion 39 together with the piston rod 22. do. The inner diameter of the inner hole of the valve body 36 is larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical spacer 30, and the outer edge of the valve body 36 makes the inside of the cylinder body 52 liquid-tight between the disks 28 and 32 held by the spacer 30. to slide. A plurality of small holes 38 are arranged on the same radius around the central hole for fitting into the threaded portion 26 in the disk 32, and when the piston rod 22 moves to the right, these small holes 38, the valve body 36, and the spacer are arranged. 30, the pump chamber 34 is connected to a port 48 which will be described later.
will be communicated with.

The manifold 40 has a guide portion 42 that guides the base portion 24 in its axial direction, and includes a portion 44 that surrounds the base portion 24 of the piston rod 22 in the radial direction, and a suction port 46 of this portion 44. A portion 50 having a port 48 communicating with the back side of the disk 28 and a portion 50 defining the pump chamber 34.
cylinder 52 pushing into the step of section 44
and a tip manifold 58 which presses and fixes the discharge valve 54 against the cylinder 52 and has a discharge port 56. The discharge valve 54 has a valve seat 60
A valve body 64 is biased toward the valve seat 60 by a spring 62, and a valve socket 66 accommodates the spring 62 and the valve body 64 therein. The portion 44 includes:
A hole 68 that communicates the inside of the guide part 42 with the internal space of the crankcase 14 and seal holding parts 73 and 77 formed coaxially with the guide part 42 are spaced apart from each other to connect the piston rod 22 and the part 44.
seals 74, 76 that maintain liquid tightness between the
A hole 72 is formed that communicates a chamber 75 formed between these seals 74 and 76 with the oil pan 70. And in the manifold 40,
The seal holding parts 73, 77 and the guide part 42 are
The inner diameters are formed so as to decrease in stages from the pump chamber side to the crank chamber side.
The manifold 40 is tightened and fixed to the crankcase 14 by bolts 78 passed from the front manifold 58. The portion 44 is in contact with the end surface of the crankcase 14, and the guide portion 4
2 is partially inserted into the crankcase 14.

To explain the action of this piston pump, in the forward stroke in which the piston rod 22 moves toward the crankshaft 10, the volume of the pump chamber 34 increases and the valve body 36 is carried toward the crankshaft 10 by the disk 32. Ru. As a result, liquid from the suction port 46 is introduced into the pump chamber 34 via the outer peripheral area of the disk 28 and the communication hole 38 of the disk 32. At this time, the discharge valve 54 is closed.

During the return stroke of the piston rod 22 toward the pump chamber 34, the valve body 36 is carried by the disk 28 and moves toward the pump chamber 34, so that the disk 28
The communication in the outer peripheral area of the pump chamber 34 is cut off, and the introduction of liquid from the suction port 46 into the pump chamber 34 is blocked. In addition, due to the reduction in the volume of the pump chamber 34, the pump chamber 34
The pressure increases and the discharge valve 54 opens, thereby pumping liquid from the discharge port 56.

In the conventional piston pump, the guide part 42 is integrally formed with the crankcase 14, and of the two seals 74, 76, the seal 74 on the crankcase side is connected to the crankcase 14 and the pump chamber 34.
The side seals 76 were respectively disposed in the manifold 40, but since the connecting rod 16 could not pass through the guide 42, the piston rod 22
And when replacing the connecting rod 16, replace the crankshaft 10.
was removed from the crankcase 14, and the piston rod 22 and connecting rod 16 were moved in and out of the crankcase 14 from the cover 20 side. On the other hand, in the above embodiment of this invention, the guide portion 42 is not formed in the crankcase 14, and the guide portion 42 is not formed in the crankcase 14.
Portion 4 of manifold 40 removable from 4
4, so by removing the portion 44 from the crankcase 14, the crankcase 1
A sufficiently large opening 140 is formed on the mounting side of the manifold 40 of No. 4, and the piston rod 22 and connecting rod 16 are inserted into the crankcase 14 through this opening 140.
It is not necessary to remove the crankshaft 10 for these exchanges. In the manifold 40, the guide portion 42 and the seal holding portions 73, 76 each have an inner diameter that gradually increases toward the pump chamber side, so that it is easy to process them coaxially. The seals can be easily attached and detached from the pump chamber side, and when the seals 74 and 76 are disposed here, the coaxiality between the piston rod 22 and the seals 74 and 76 becomes high, and the seals 74 and 76 and the piston rod Uneven wear of 22 is suppressed.

Figures 3 to 5 show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a plunger pump.
The respective parts on the 4th side are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and therefore will be designated by the same reference numerals and a description thereof will be omitted. Plunger 84 has a base 86 that pins to connecting rod 16 at one end and controls the volume of pump chamber 88 at the other end. The manifold 90 consists of a base manifold 92 and a tip manifold 94.
A guide portion 96 is formed to guide the base portion 86 in its axial direction, and a seal 98, a spacer 100,
A seal 102 and a pressing member 104 are inserted. The seals 98 and 102 are arranged in seal holding parts 97 and 101 formed coaxially with the guide part 96, and are attached to the outer periphery of the plunger 84 and the base manifold 9.
The communication hole 106 is formed in the base manifold 92 and guides the lubricating oil in the crankcase 14 to the guide part 96.
08 is the base manifold 92 and spacer 10
0 to guide the lubricating oil in the chamber 109 to the oil pan 110. The seal holding parts 101 and 97 and the guide part 9 in the base manifold 92
6 means from the pump chamber side to the crank chamber side,
Each is formed so that its inner diameter decreases in stages. The tip manifold 94 is connected to the pump chamber 88
and houses a suction valve 112 and a discharge valve 114. The suction valve 112 and the discharge valve 114 have valve seats 116, 118 and valve seats 116, 11, respectively.
Valve bodies 120 and 122 seated on 8 and valve body 12
0 and 122 toward the valve seats 116 and 118, and a valve socket 12 that accommodates the valve bodies 120 and 122 and the springs 124 and 126 therein.
8 and 130, respectively, and have plugs 132 and 1, respectively.
It is set by 34. manifold 90
is tightened and fixed to the crankcase 14 by bolts 136, and is attached to the base manifold 92.
is applied to the crankcase 14, and
In the area of the guide portion 96, the crankcase 14
partially inserted inside.

6, 7, and 8 are a plan view showing the base manifold 92 as a partial cross section, a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 6, and a view taken from the direction of FIG. 6, respectively. The figure shows base manifold 9
2 is viewed from the crankcase side. 9, 10, and 11 are a sectional view of the crankcase 14 seen from the front, a left side view, and a plan view of the lower half, respectively, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the crankcase 14. Viewed from the manifold side.
The base manifold 92 has a flange 138 that is applied to the crankcase 14 , and the base manifold 92 has a flange 138 that is applied to the crankcase 14 .
A sufficiently large opening 140 is formed in order to insert the area of the second guide part 96 into the crankcase 14 . In addition, in FIG. 7, 142 is a recess into which the oil pan 110 is fitted.

To explain the action of this plunger pump, in the forward stroke in which the plunger 84 moves toward the crankshaft 10, the volume of the pump chamber 88 increases, the pump chamber 88 becomes negative pressure, and the discharge valve 114 closes.
Suction valve 112 is opened and liquid is introduced into pump chamber 88 through suction valve 112 .

In the backward stroke in which the plunger 84 moves toward the pump chamber 88, the volume of the pump chamber 88 decreases, the pressure in the pump chamber 88 increases, and the suction valve 112 closes.
Discharge valve 114 is opened and liquid is pumped from pump chamber 88 through discharge valve 114 .

In the conventional plunger pump, the guide portion 96 is integrally formed with the crankcase 14, and of the two seals 98, 102 that maintain liquid tightness around the outer circumference of the plunger 84, the seal 98 on the crankcase side is attached to the crankcase 14. 14, the seals 102 on the pump chamber 88 side were respectively disposed in the manifold 90. Therefore, the plunger 84 and connecting rod 16 cannot be moved in and out of the crankcase 14 from the manifold side of the crankcase 14, and in order to replace them, the crankshaft 10
It was necessary to remove it from the crankcase 14. Further, the coaxiality of the guide portion 96 and the seals 98, 102 was poor, and the seals 98, 102 were sometimes worn unevenly. In contrast, in this embodiment, the guide portion 96
is formed in the base manifold 92 that is removable from the crankcase 14, so by removing the base manifold 92 from the crankcase 14, a sufficiently large opening 140 is created on the manifold side of the crankcase 14, and this opening 1
The plunger 84 and the connecting rod 16 can be moved in and out of the crankcase 14 through the plunger 40, and there is no need to remove the crankshaft 10 for their replacement. In the base manifold 92, the guide portion 9
6. Since the inner diameter of each of the seal holding parts 97 and 101 gradually increases toward the pump chamber side, it is easy to process the seal holding parts 97 and 101 coaxially. The seals can be easily attached and detached from the pump chamber side, and when the seals 98, 102 are disposed here, the coaxiality of the plunger 84 and the seals 98, 102 is increased, resulting in uneven wear of the seals 98, 102. is suppressed.

Although preferred and advantageous embodiments of the invention have been described, it will be appreciated that various modifications may be made to the embodiments within the scope of the invention.

〔Effect of the invention〕

1) According to the reciprocating pump of this invention, in the manifold superimposed on the crankcase, the seal holding part and the guide part for the plurality of seals that maintain liquid tightness around the periphery of the reciprocating member are as follows:
Since the inner diameter decreases stepwise from the pump chamber side to the crank chamber side, coaxial machining can be easily performed.

2) Therefore, it is easy to obtain coaxiality between the seals fitted into the plurality of seal holding parts and the reciprocating member, so that uneven wear on each other can be suppressed and the durability of the pump as a whole is improved. improves.

3) Since the inner diameter of each seal holding part and guide part decreases in stages from the pump chamber side toward the crankshaft side, each seal and the holding member of each seal can be removed from the front cylinder side. It is easy to insert into a predetermined position, easy to assemble, and can be easily disassembled from the front when replacing parts.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a piston pump to which the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a plan view partially showing the piston pump of Fig. 1 in cross section, and Fig. 3 is a plunger to which the invention is applied. A sectional view of the pump, FIG. 4 is a side view as seen from the direction of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a plan view as seen from the direction of FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is the manifold of FIG. 3 coupled to the crankcase. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a side view as seen from the direction of FIG. 6, FIGS. 9, 10, and 1st
1 is a cross-sectional view of the crankcase shown in FIG. 3 as viewed from the front, a left side view, and a plan view showing the lower half in cross-section. In the figure, 10...crankshaft, 14...
...Crankcase, 16...Connecting rod, 22...Piston rod (reciprocating member), 24, 86...
Base part, 39...Piston part (reciprocating part), 4
0,90...Manifold, 44...Part, 92
...Manifold, 52, 96...Guide section, 5
8, 94... tip manifold, 84... plunger (reciprocating portion).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 It has a crankcase 14 in which the crankshaft 10 is disposed, a connecting rod 16 attached to the crankshaft 10, and base parts 24 and 86 connected to the connecting rod 16 with pins, and has a reciprocating Reciprocating members 22, 39, 84 that move to pump out liquid in pump chambers 34, 88, and reciprocating members 2
The guide portions 42 and 96 guide the base portions 24 and 86 of the crankcases 2, 39, and 84 in the axial direction thereof, and are partially inserted into the crankcase 14 through the opening 140 of the crankcase 14 to Manifolds 40, 9 coupled to case 14
0, and the manifold 40,
At 90, the portions 52, 58, 94 defining the pump chambers 34, 88 and the reciprocating member 22,
Portions 44, 92 in which 39, 84 extend inside
seals 74, 76, 98, which maintain liquid tightness in the outer peripheral range of the reciprocating members 22, 39, 84;
Seal holding parts 73, 77, 97 for 102,
101 and the guide portions 42, 96 are coaxially machined and disposed on the latter portions 44, 92, and each of the seal holding portions 73, 77, 97,
101 and the guide portions 42, 96 are connected to the pump chamber 3.
A reciprocating pump characterized in that the inner diameter decreases stepwise from the 4 and 88 sides toward the crankshaft 10 side.