JPH0426867B2 - - Google Patents

Description

〔Technical field〕

The present invention relates to a heat or mass exchange device for body fluids, and more particularly to a device for circulating body fluids in a capillary tube for heat or mass exchange through the capillary tube. [Prior Art and Problems] Conventionally, as an artificial dialysis device, a bundle of multiple porous hollow fibers arranged in parallel inside a housing is liquid-tightly supported within both ends of the housing by potting material, and a A device having a body fluid inflow chamber and a body fluid outflow chamber is known. Body fluid flows through each hollow fiber from the body fluid inflow chamber through the port, and during this time, the dialysate introduced into the space formed between each hollow fiber and between the hollow fiber and the inner wall of the housing in the housing and the hollow fiber. Purifies body fluids by exchanging substances through thread membranes. In such a dialysis device, the flow of body fluid introduced from the port into the body fluid inflow chamber is generally directed toward the center of the hollow fiber bundle, and toward the periphery where the number of hollow fibers is large and the mass exchange capacity is high. It is difficult to flow and body fluids tend to become trapped. In addition, if you connect a flexible tube to the port and allow body fluids to flow through it,
If the tube is bent, the flow direction of body fluids changes, and if the port is lengthened to solve this problem, the entire device becomes larger. In addition to this, if the body fluid remains around the hollow fiber bundle, if the body fluid contains solid matter, this will remain, further reducing the mass exchange performance. Such a situation also occurs in a body fluid heat exchange device equipped with a thin tube bundle. Purpose of the Invention Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to direct the flow of body fluid toward the body fluid inflow chamber toward the periphery of the tubule bundle, thereby suppressing the accumulation of body fluid and improving the heat exchange or mass exchange capacity. An object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchange or mass exchange device that provides a heat exchange or mass exchange system. According to the present invention, there is provided a cylindrical housing with both ends open, a bundle of a plurality of thin tubes for heat or mass exchange arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction inside the housing, and a bundle of thin tubes for heat or mass exchange arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the housing, and the inside of each thin tube is prevented from being occluded. a pair of partition walls that liquid-tightly support the tubule bundle within both ends of the housing; and a body fluid inlet port and a body fluid outflow port that communicate with the inside of each capillary tube and are provided on the outside of the partition wall, respectively. an inflow chamber, a body fluid outflow chamber, and a flow regulating body that is provided in the body fluid inflow chamber and directs the flow of body fluid that should flow into the body fluid inflow chamber from the body fluid inflow port toward a peripheral portion of the tubule bundle. In a heat or mass exchange device for body fluids, the flow regulating body has a flow path that divides the flow of body fluid to flow into the body fluid inflow chamber into a plurality of channels, and directs the body fluid flowing along the flow path toward a peripheral portion of the capillary bundle. There is provided a heat or mass exchange device for body fluids, characterized in that it has a conical surface that allows The divided channels are formed, for example, by a plurality of grooves formed in the conical surface. A plurality of through holes may be provided in the conical surface such that a portion of the body fluid flowing along the conical surface is also directed through the through holes to the center of the capillary bundle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. What is shown in FIG. 1 is an example in which the present invention is applied to a disposable artificial dialysis machine. As shown in the figure, this artificial dialyzer includes a cylindrical housing 11 made of, for example, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer resin. In the internal space defined by the peripheral wall 12 of the housing 11, a plurality of hollow fiber membranes 13 for dialysis, for example 6000 to 50000 membranes, each having a membrane thickness of 16 μm, are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the housing 11 and bundled. It consists of The hollow fiber membrane 13 is made of copper ammonium cellulose, for example, and has a flat pore diameter of about 30 to 60 Å. The hollow fiber membrane bundle is supported within both ends of the housing 11 by a pair of partition walls 14 and 15 without blocking the internal space of each hollow fiber membrane 13. These partition walls 14 and 15 are made of a polymeric potting material, such as polyurethane.
These partition walls 14 and 15 define a dialysate flow space 16 between each hollow fiber membrane 13 and the peripheral wall 12 of the housing 11. The housing 11 is provided with a dialysate inlet 17 and an outlet 18 in communication with the dialysate flow space 16 on the peripheral wall 12 near both ends thereof. Lid bodies 19 and 20 having blood inlet ports 21 and blood outlet ports 22 are attached to both end surfaces of the housing 11. Lid body 19
and 20 are fixed by screwing and tightening annular fastening members 23 and 24, respectively, and a blood inflow chamber 25 and a blood outflow chamber 26 are provided between the partition walls 15 and 14.
The blood inflow port 21 and the blood outflow port 22 communicate with the internal space of each hollow fiber membrane 13 via a blood inflow chamber 25 and a blood outflow chamber 26, respectively. A flow regulating body 27 is installed in the blood inflow chamber 25 to direct the flow of blood flowing in from the blood inflow port 21 toward the periphery of the hollow fiber membrane bundle. As shown in FIG.
It consists of a blood flow dividing member 28 integrally formed at the same angle (90° in this case) and a disk body 29 integrally formed perpendicular to the blood flow dividing member 28. The ribs formed by the side ends of each plate form a concave curve, and
It reaches 9. The flow regulating body 27 is supported with its disk body 29 spaced apart from the partition wall 15 in the blood inflow chamber 25 by inserting the distal end of the blood flow dividing member 28 into the blood inflow port 21. has been done. The flow of blood flowing in from the blood inlet port 21 is divided into four parts between the flat bodies by the blood flow dividing member 28 of the flow regulating body 27, and each divided flow is divided into four parts along the flat body. The flow reaches the surface of the flow disk 29 and flows along it in its circumferential direction. Further, the disc body 29 is close to the lid body 19, so that the blood further flows toward the outer circumferential direction of the lid body 19. In this way, the blood introduced into the blood inflow chamber 25 first flows toward the periphery of the hollow fiber membrane bundle and toward the center.
Note that the size of the disc body 29 and the position within the blood inflow chamber are optimally determined depending on the viscosity and flow rate of blood. Further, the number of flat plate bodies is not limited to four, but may be two or more. Note that the flow regulating body is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 2. The present invention is not limited to the dialysis device described above, but also applies to a heat exchange device for cooling or heating body fluids in an extracorporeal circulation circuit for body fluids such as blood, which has a similar bundle of thin tubes (for heat exchange). Needless to say, it can also be applied. Even in this case, the heat exchange efficiency is improved because the body fluid is directed toward the periphery of the bundle of thin tubes for heat exchange. Hereinafter, an experimental example in which blood dialysis was performed using the substance exchange device of the present invention will be described. Experimental Example Blood dialysis was performed using the mass exchange apparatus shown in FIG. On the other hand, an experiment was conducted as a comparative example using a device similar to that shown in FIG. 1 except that no flow regulating body was provided. The experimental conditions and results are summarized in the table below. In addition, in the table, BUN refers to blood urea nitrogen.

[Table] (Blood inflow chamber diameter 50 mm) Effective in the entire disc diameter range of 5 mm to 30 mm.
It can be said that 10 mm to 25 mm is suitable. Since the diameter of the blood inflow chamber is 50 mm, the diameter ratio with the disc body is 50:10 (10:2) to 50:25 (10:
5) is preferable. Specific Effects of the Invention As described above, in the heat or mass exchange device for body fluids of the present invention, a flow regulating body is formed in the body fluid inflow chamber to direct the flow of body fluid toward the periphery of the tubule bundle. Body fluid flows from the periphery to the center of the tubule bundle. Therefore, body fluids do not stagnate, and the body fluids evenly flow into each capillary, improving heat exchange ability or mass exchange ability.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially sectional front view showing a dialysis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a body fluid flow regulator.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A cylindrical housing with both ends open, a bundle of a plurality of thin tubes for heat or mass exchange arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction within the housing, and the inside of each thin tube is not occluded. a pair of partition walls that fluid-tightly support the capillary bundle within both ends of the housing; and a pair of partition walls that communicate with the inside of each capillary tube and are provided on the outside of the partition walls, each having a body fluid inflow port and a body fluid outflow port. A body fluid inflow chamber, a body fluid outflow chamber, and a flow regulating body provided in the body fluid inflow chamber to direct the flow of body fluid to flow into the body fluid inflow chamber from the body fluid inflow port toward a peripheral portion of the tubule bundle. In a heat or mass exchange device for body fluids, the flow regulating body is a flow regulating body that is made up of a plurality of upright flat plates integrally arranged at the same angle in order to divide the flow of body fluids that should flow into the body fluid inflow chamber into a plurality of parts. It has a path dividing member, a substantially conical member configured by the flow path dividing member and which directs flowing body fluid toward the peripheral portion of the tubule bundle, and a disc body integrated with the conical member, and the circular A heat or mass exchange device for body fluids, characterized in that the ratio of the outer diameter of the plate to the diameter of the body fluid inflow chamber is 2:10 to 5:10. 2. A plurality of through holes are provided in the surface of the conical member, and a portion of the body fluid flowing along the conical surface is directed through the through holes to the center of the tubule bundle. Heat or mass exchange device for body fluids according to paragraph 1.