JPH0427344B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <<Industrial Application Field>> The present invention relates to a method for constructing a dome roof, and more particularly to a method for constructing a dome roof in which the planar projection shape of the roof is a combination of triangles arranged.

<Prior Art and Problems> As is well known, dome structures are often used for the roofs of large space structures such as athletic stadiums and event venues, and steel trusses and air membrane structures have traditionally been used. .

However, each of these structures had the following drawbacks.

In other words, with steel trusses, the weight of the truss is heavy, and the erection equipment used for erection is large-scale.
Construction costs increase.

On the other hand, air membranes have the drawbacks of complicating the entrance/exit structure to maintain the airtightness of the structure, and increasing air conditioning equipment costs and running costs to maintain the membrane-like roof.

Therefore, recently, dome roofs have been proposed that solve the above-mentioned drawbacks.

This roof structure is a truss structure mainly using wire materials such as cables and wires, and is considered to be lightweight and economical.

By the way, in this type of truss structure, as shown in FIG. Bar-shaped vertical members 16 are arranged in the vertical direction at intersection points that intersect at intervals in the vertical direction, and a connecting member 18 is used to connect the lower ends of adjacent vertical members 16 along the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral support frame 10. In terms of stability, it is recommended that these members be connected so that the planar projection shape of the dome roof formed by these members is a combination of triangles. To describe the structure in Figure 1a in more detail,
A plurality of upper chord members 12 are installed on the outer circumferential support frame 10 so that the planar projection of the inside of the annular outer circumferential support frame 10 that defines the planar outline of the roof structure is an array of a plurality of triangles. The vertical member 16 is suspended with its upper end fixed to the apex position, and the lower chord member 14 is suspended between the lower end of one vertical member 16 and the upper end of the other vertical member 16 located on the outer peripheral support frame 10 side. The vertical members 16 adjacent to each other along the circumferential direction of the outer periphery support frame 10 are connected by connecting members 18.

However, with a dome roof shaped like this, stability can only be achieved if the triangular shape formed by each member is maintained in a predetermined state, which is difficult to achieve with conventional construction methods. It was.

That is, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 1b, both ends of the upper chord member 12 of a predetermined length are temporarily fixed to the support frame 10, and the upper end of the vertical member 16 is locked at a predetermined position of the upper chord member 12 to hang it vertically. , between the lower end of one vertical member 16 and the upper end of the other vertical member 16 located closer to the outer periphery support frame 10 than this, there is a triangular shape in side view in combination with one vertical member 16 and the upper chord member 12. After the lower chord members 14 were erected, the ends of the upper chord members 12 were pulled and fixed to the support frame 10.

Therefore, by introducing the above-mentioned tensile force, the vertical member 1
6 are relatively displaced, and if a large number of upper chord members 12 are not fixed in the same tension state, the triangles arranged in combination will be partially deformed, and it is difficult to form each triangle shape in a predetermined state. was difficult.

This invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to:
It is an object of the present invention to provide an erection method that can easily form a flat dome roof in which triangles are arranged in an orderly manner without causing deformation.

<<Means for Solving the Problems>> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an annular outer peripheral support frame that defines the planar outline of the roof structure.
In a method for constructing a dome roof in which the planar projection of the inside of the outer circumferential support frame is arranged in a triangular combination by constructing vertical members, upper and lower chord members, and connecting members that connect the vertical members in the circumferential direction, first, the vertical members are installed. A unit whose planar projection forms the triangle is formed individually in advance by the material and the upper and lower chord members, and then the unit is
These vertical members are supported by temporary materials and positioned at the center of the roof structure, and the edge of the unit on the opposite side from the vertical members is locked to the outer peripheral support frame. The units are successively installed adjacent to each other along the inner periphery of the outer periphery support structure so that both ends of the units are overlapped, forming an annular row, and then the units adjacent to each other along the circumferential direction of the outer periphery support structure are After tying the vertical members together with the connecting material, the temporary material is removed, and then the other unit is positioned at the center of the roof structure with its vertical members supported by the temporary material, and its The end edges of the units are locked to the annular row to form a planar projection triangle surrounded by the annular row, and adjacent units are sequentially connected to the annular row by overlapping both ends of their unit edges. An inner annular example is formed by installing adjacent units along the inner periphery of the row, and then the vertical members of the adjacent units are tied together with the connecting material along the circumferential direction of the annular row, and then the temporary members are , and then towards the center of the roof structure,
It is characterized in that other annular rows are successively constructed further inside the annular row.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a structure in which vertical members, upper and lower chord members, and connecting members that connect the vertical members in the circumferential direction are installed on the annular outer peripheral support frame that defines the planar outer shape of the roof structure. In the method of constructing a dome roof in which the planar projections of are arranged in a triangular combination, first, the vertical members arranged at intervals, and the upper and lower chord members installed between the upper and lower ends of the vertical members, respectively. and another pair of lower chord members each having one end fixed to each of the lower ends of these vertical members, and another pair of lower chord members each having one end fixed to each of the upper ends of these vertical members. The other ends of the upper chord member are fixed together to form a vertex, forming four pyramidal surfaces, and a quadrangular pyramidal unit whose planar projection forms a triangle is individually formed in advance. Then, the unit is positioned at the center of the roof structure with the vertical members supported by temporary materials, and the apex facing the vertical members is locked to the outer peripheral support frame to provide the outer peripheral support. The units are surrounded by the frame to form a planar projection triangle, and adjacent units are successively installed adjacent to each other along the inner periphery of the outer periphery support frame, with their vertical members adjacent to each other, thereby forming an annular array. Next, after binding the vertical members of the adjacent units with the connecting material, they are removed using the temporary material, and then the other units are connected to the roof by supporting their vertical members with the temporary material. The units are located at the center of the structure, and the apexes of these units are locked to the annular row, and are surrounded by the annular row to form a planar projection triangle. An inner annular row is formed by sequentially installing adjacent units along the inner periphery of the annular row, and then, after binding the vertical units of the adjacent units with the connecting material, the temporary construction material is It is characterized in that after the roof structure is removed, other annular rows are successively constructed further inside the annular row toward the center of the roof structure.

<<Operation>> Since the portion forming the triangular plane is processed in advance as a three-dimensional four-sided pyramid or square pyramid unit in a factory, it can be easily manufactured with high precision.

In addition, because these highly precisely formed units are successively connected and installed using temporary materials, the resulting dome roof is one in which the triangles are neatly assembled without any partial deformation, resulting in a large Stability can be obtained.

<<Example>> Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIGS. 2 to 4 show an embodiment of the method for constructing a dome roof according to the present invention.

Figures 2 and 3 sequentially show the steps of the erection method of the present invention, and although the number of divisions is different, the final planar projection of the inside of the outer peripheral support frame as shown in Figure 1 is a combination of triangular arrays. In order to obtain a dome roof, first, prior to erection, the portions forming the triangular plane of the lever are individually fabricated as a unit as shown in FIG.

The unit consists of three upper chord members 12a, 12b, 1
The ends of the vertical members 2c are fixed to each other to form a triangular shape, and the upper end of the vertical member 16a is fixed to one vertex, and two lower chord members 14a and 14b are attached from the lower end of the vertical member 16a to the other two apexes. It is a three-dimensional tetrahedral unit 101. In other words, as shown in the figure, the unit 101 has one side formed by the vertical member 16a, two sides formed by a pair of lower chord members 14a and 14b each having one end fixed to the lower end of the vertical member 16a, and furthermore, the upper end of the vertical member 16a and these two sides. Lower chord members 14a, 14b
and the other ends of these lower chord members 14a, 14
It is constituted by a three-dimensional tetrahedron whose three sides are formed by upper chord members 12a to 12c which are installed between the other ends of the upper chord members 12a to 12c and form a triangle in plan projection.

Note that a roofing material 24 such as a membrane material may be attached in advance to the upper surfaces of the upper chord members 12a to 12c.

A large number of tetrahedral units 101 thus formed are connected to a ring-shaped outer peripheral support frame 10 that defines the planar outline of the roof structure, as shown in FIG. 2a.
Inside the support frame 10, the vertical member 16a faces toward the center of the roof structure, and the upper chord member 12a, which forms the edge of the unit opposite to the vertical member 16a, specifically the side facing the vertical member 16a, is attached to the support frame 10. They are arranged adjacent to each other along the inner periphery of the frame 10 so as to be on the sides.

Regarding the arrangement of each tetrahedral unit 101,
Vertical members 16a between adjacent units 101
The two vertices on opposite sides of , i.e. the upper chord 12
The upper chord members 12a of the upper chord members 12a are fixed to the support frame 10 so that both ends of the vertical members a overlap, and temporary pillars 20 are provided below each vertical member 16a, and these vertical members 16a are placed between adjacent vertical members 16a. A temporary cable 22 connecting the upper ends in the circumferential direction is provided to support each tetrahedral unit 101.

Then, when the tetrahedral units 101 are sequentially connected in the circumferential direction to form the first annular row X as shown in FIG. Vertical member 16a
After connecting and bundling the lower ends of each with the permanent connecting member 18, the temporary pillar 20 and the temporary cable 22 are removed.

Next, the tetrahedral units 102 are similarly arranged inside the first annular row X while being supported by the temporary columns 20 and the temporary cables 22, and the tetrahedral units 102 are placed inside the first annular row X, as shown in FIG. Form Y.

Here, when the tetrahedral unit 102 is divided into the same number of divisions as the first annular row This is not necessary if the entire structure is made up of the same triangles as shown in Figure 1.

Further, the tetrahedral units 102 constituting the second annular row Y are placed on the upper ends of the vertical members 16a adjacent to each other of the tetrahedral units 101 constituting the first annular row X. 12a, and vertical member 1 of this unit 102.
6a is also directed toward the center of the roof structure.

In detail, as above, the unit 102 is
These vertical members 16a are supported by temporary columns 20 and temporary cables 22, and are positioned at the center side of the roof structure, and the upper chord members 12a are locked to the first annular row X. A plane projection triangle surrounded by is formed, and further, adjacent units 102 are successively installed adjacent to each other along the inner periphery of the first annular row X, with both ends of their upper chord members 12a overlapping each other. Then, the lower ends of the vertical members 16a of these units 102 adjacent to each other along the circumferential direction of the first annular row The pillar 20 and temporary cable 22 are removed.

By repeating this process in sequence and extending the annular row formed by the units toward the center of the roof structure,
A dome roof is constructed by combining and arranging planar projection triangles.

Now, according to the above-described construction method of the present invention, the tetrahedral units 101 and 102 can be produced in advance in a factory, and each member can be processed with high precision.
Each unit can be easily assembled with high precision.

Therefore, the planar projection shape of the dome roof, which is constructed by connecting the tetrahedral units 101 and 102 in an annular manner, is an orderly arrangement of designed triangles, and has great stability without causing any partial deformation. is obtained.

Moreover, the construction can be easily carried out using the construction pillars 20 and the construction cables 22, and there is no problem in construction even on a dome roof of a large space.

Furthermore, if a roofing material 24 such as a membrane material is installed in advance on the upper chord members 12a to 12c of each of the tetrahedral units 101, 102, it is possible to install the roofing material on the triangular portions formed between the units. It can also be used as a workbench, improving the efficiency of roofing work.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show another embodiment of the invention, and only its features will be described below.

That is, in this embodiment, the above unit is a quadrangular pyramid unit 200 as shown in FIG.

The square pyramid unit 200 has three upper and lower chord members 12d to 12f, 14d to 14f each shaped like a triangle, and a pair of vertical members 16b and 16c are arranged on two opposing sides of the bottom of the square pyramid. Vertical member 1
Upper and lower ends of 6b, 16c and upper and lower chord members 12d to 12
The two vertices f, 14d to 14f are fixed to each other, and the other vertices are fixed to each other. In other words, the unit 200 has a bottom surface formed by vertical members 16b and 16c arranged at intervals, and upper and lower chord members 12d and 14d installed between the upper and lower ends of the vertical members 16b and 16c, respectively. At the same time, the other ends of the other pair of lower chord members 14e and 14f each having one end fixed to the lower ends of these vertical members 16b and 16c, and the other ends of these vertical members 16
One end of each upper chord member b, 16c is fixed to the other end of the other pair of upper chord members 12e, 12f, and these other ends are fixed together to form a vertex, forming four conical surfaces. It is composed of a quadrangular pyramid whose plane projection forms a triangle. In addition, upper chord members 12d to 1
A roofing material 24 may be attached on 2f in advance.

The square pyramid unit 20 formed in advance in this way
0 are arranged in an annular row on the outer peripheral support frame 10 as in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG.
In this case, the square pyramid unit 200 has its apex facing the outer peripheral support frame 10 side, and the vertical members 16b, 16c
is placed toward the center of the roof structure. To explain this construction method in more detail, the arrangement method for the outermost annular row is to position the units 200 on the center side of the roof structure with their vertical members 16b and 16c supported by the construction columns and construction cables, and to vertically The apexes facing the members 16b, 16c are locked to the outer peripheral support frame 10 and surrounded by the outer peripheral support frame 10 to form a planar projection triangle. 16c are placed adjacent to each other in order to form an annular row along the inner periphery of the outer periphery support structure 10, and then, as in the above embodiment,
Vertical members 16b, 16c of adjacent units 200
After tying the lower ends together with the connecting material 18, the temporary pillars and temporary cables are removed. Here, the vertical member 16
Adjacent items b and 16c are individually tied together with a connecting material 18. Thereafter, although not shown, in the same manner as above, other units are positioned at the center side of the roof structure, and their vertices are locked to the annular row and surrounded by this annular row to define a planar projection triangle. The adjacent units are successively installed adjacent to each other along the inner periphery of the annular row with their vertical bodies adjacent to each other to form an inner annular row, and then the center of the roof structure is Toward this end, other annular examples will be successively constructed further inside the constructed annular array.

An erection method using the quadrangular pyramid unit 200 having the above configuration also provides the same effects as in the above embodiment.

Note that the upper and lower chord members 12 explained in the above embodiments
a, 14a, etc. may be not only cables and wires but also rigid rod-like objects.

Furthermore, the shape of the outer peripheral support frame 10 is not limited to a circular shape, but may also be an ellipse or a polygon.

<<Effects of the Invention>> As described above in detail in the embodiments, according to the construction method of the present invention, a dome roof whose planar projection is a combination of triangles can be arranged in an orderly manner without causing deformation of the desired triangles. It became a state of
The stability of the dome roof can be greatly increased.

In addition, units forming a triangular plane can be mass-produced in a factory, and the construction itself can be performed using only simple temporary materials, so dome roofs for large spaces can be constructed easily and economically.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1a is a plan view showing the overall structure of the dome roof, and FIG. 1b is a view taken along the line A--A in FIG. 1a. 2 to 4 show one embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2a and 3a are plan views showing the process order, and FIGS. 2b and 3b are respectively Figure a and Figure 3a are side sectional views, and Figure 4 is a perspective view of the tetrahedral unit. FIGS. 5 and 6 show other embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the square pyramid unit shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a part of the construction process. 10...Outer periphery support frame, 12...Top chord member, 14
... lower chord material, 16 ... vertical material, 18 ... connecting material,
20...Temporary pillar, 22...Temporary cable.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. By installing vertical members, upper and lower chord members, and connecting members that connect the vertical members in the circumferential direction on an annular outer peripheral support frame that defines the planar outline of the roof structure, the outer peripheral support frame can be constructed. In a method for constructing a dome roof in which the planar projection of the interior is arranged in a triangular combination, first, the vertical members and the upper and lower chord members form individual units whose planar projections form the triangular shape, and then the units are The vertical members are supported by temporary materials and positioned at the center of the roof structure, and the edge of the unit on the opposite side from the vertical members is locked to the outer peripheral support frame, and the adjacent units are , the units are successively installed adjacent to each other along the inner periphery of the outer periphery support structure with both ends of the units overlapped, forming an annular row, and then adjacent along the circumferential direction of the outer periphery support structure. After binding the vertical members of the unit with the connecting material, the temporary material is removed, and the other unit is positioned at the center of the roof structure with its vertical members supported by the temporary material. The edges of these units are locked to the annular row to form a planar projection triangle surrounded by the annular row, and adjacent units are sequentially stacked with both ends of their edges overlapped. An inner annular row is formed by installing the units adjacent to each other along the inner circumference of the annular row, and then, after binding the vertical members of the adjacent units along the circumferential direction of the annular row with the connecting material, A method for constructing a dome roof, which comprises removing temporary materials and then sequentially constructing other annular rows further inside the annular row toward the center of the roof structure. 2. The above unit has one side of the vertical member, two sides of the pair of lower chord members each having one end fixed to the lower end of the vertical member, and a space between the upper end of the vertical member and each other end of these lower chord members, and It is constructed of a three-dimensional tetrahedron with three sides formed by the upper chord members which are installed between the other ends of these lower chord members to form a triangle in plan projection, and the edge of the unit is the side facing the vertical member. The method for constructing a dome roof according to claim 1, wherein the dome roof is a top chord member forming a top chord. 3. The method for constructing a dome roof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the unit is pre-attached to roofing material. 4 By installing vertical members, upper and lower chord members, and connecting members that connect the vertical members in the circumferential direction on the annular outer peripheral support frame that defines the planar outline of the roof structure, the planar projection of the inside of the outer peripheral support frame is shaped like a triangle. In the method for constructing a dome roof with a combination arrangement, first, the bottom surface is formed by the vertical members arranged at intervals and the upper and lower chord members respectively installed between the upper and lower ends of the vertical members. At the same time, the other ends of the other pair of lower chord members each having one end fixed to each of the lower ends of these vertical members, and the other ends of the other pair of said upper chord members each having one end fixed to each upper end of these vertical members. These other ends are fixed together to form four pyramidal surfaces so that the two ends form a vertex, and a quadrangular pyramidal unit whose planar projection forms a triangle is individually formed in advance, and then the unit is The vertical members are supported by temporary materials and positioned at the center of the roof structure, and the apex facing the vertical members is locked to the outer peripheral support frame and surrounded by the outer peripheral support frame to form a flat surface. A projection triangle is defined, and adjacent units are successively installed adjacent to each other along the inner periphery of the outer periphery support frame with their vertical members adjacent to each other to form an annular row; After binding the vertical members of the adjacent unit with the connecting material, remove the temporary material, and then move the other unit to the center side of the roof structure with its vertical members supported by the temporary material. and the vertices of these units are locked to the annular row and surrounded by the annular row to form a planar projection triangle, and further, the vertical members of adjacent units are made to be adjacent to each other, An inner annular row is formed by sequentially installing adjacent units along the inner periphery of the annular row, and then, after binding the vertical members of the adjacent units with the connecting material, the temporary material is removed, and then, A method for constructing a dome roof, comprising sequentially constructing other annular rows further inside the annular row toward the center of the roof structure.