JPH0427865B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a device for adjusting bicarbonate-based dialysate in hemodialysis.

[Prior art]

Bicarbonate-based dialysis fluids are clinically highly preferred because they have fewer adverse effects on patients than the commonly used acetate-based dialysis fluids, but their properties result in carbonate precipitation. It is becoming.

In order to solve this problem, one of the inventors of the present invention heated the dilution water in advance and desorbed it when preparing a dialysate by mixing a concentrated solution containing bicarbonate and a concentrated solution containing calcium and magnesium salts. They discovered that a dialysate with almost no carbonate precipitates could be obtained by aeration, and filed a patent application (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 115819/1983).

For example, a dialysate is prepared by continuously adding a bicarbonate-free stock solution and a bicarbonate-containing stock solution of a predetermined normality to dilution water that is continuously supplied in an arbitrary order. An air trap is installed in the dialysate supply line to remove air bubbles mixed in the dialysate, and dialysate is supplied to the dialyzer.

As such a device, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 53-114199 describes
An artificial kidney dialysis solution that connects the bottom of the air trap and the dialyzer to supply dialysate to the dialyzer, and sucks and removes air bubbles trapped in the air trap into the dialysate discharge line to prevent air bubbles from adhering to the dialysis membrane. A deaerator is introduced.

However, with this device, the pH of the dialysate increases due to the removal of carbon dioxide gas generated when adjusting the dialysate, and the dialysate contains precipitates such as calcium and magnesium carbonates. Since the dialysate is supplied to the dialyzer, there is a problem in that precipitates adhere to the surface of the dialysis membrane, reducing dialysis efficiency.

〔the purpose〕

As a result of various studies to solve these problems, the present inventors determined that the dialysate containing precipitates of calcium salts and magnesium salts could be detected by measuring the normality of the dialysate supplied to the dialyzer. The inventors have discovered that fresh dialysate containing almost no calcium or magnesium carbonate precipitates can be supplied to the dialyzer by discharging the dialysate from a dialysate partial discharge line branched from the dialysate supply line, and have arrived at the present invention.

〔Example〕

That is, the present invention provides a dialyzer, a dialysate supply line for supplying fresh bicarbonate-based dialysate to the dialyzer, and a dialysate line for discharging the treated dialysate processed by the dialyzer. In a bicarbonate-based dialysate adjustment device for hemodialysis, which comprises a fluid discharge line, a trap for discharging a portion of the fresh bicarbonate-based dialysate is provided in the middle of the dialysate supply line, and a trap for discharging a portion of the fresh bicarbonate-based dialysate. a dialysate partial discharge line extending from the trap provided for discharging a portion of the bicarbonate-based dialysate mixed with the treated dialysate, the dialysate partial discharge line; a flow rate adjustment valve provided to adjust the amount of fresh dialysate passing through the trap; and a conductivity meter provided in the dialysate supply line connecting the trap and the dialyzer inlet to measure the conductivity of the dialysate. and a solenoid valve for regulating the flow of fresh bicarbonate dialysate flowing into the dialyzer according to the electrical conductivity.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the bicarbonate-based dialysate adjusting device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The drawing shows the flow path system of the present invention, where A is a bicarbonate-free stock solution tank, B is a bicarbonate-containing stock solution tank, C1, C2
and C3 are all conductivity meters, D is a dialyzer, L1 is a dialysate supply line, L2 is a dialysate discharge line, L3 is a deaeration line, L4 is a dialysate partial discharge line, L5 is A stock solution supply line, and L6 is the B stock solution supply line, PA is the bicarbonate-free stock solution supply pump, PB is the bicarbonate-containing stock solution supply pump, P1 is the dilution water supply pump, P2 is the dialysate discharge pump,
T1 is a deaeration tank, T2 is an air trap, T3 is a trap, V1 is a constant flow valve, V2 is a flow rate adjustment valve, V3
indicates a pressure regulating valve and V4 indicates a solenoid valve.

In the drawing, dilution water heated to a predetermined temperature by a heater (not shown) is supplied to pump P1.
, the dialysate is continuously flowed into the dialysate supply line L1 at a constant flow rate through the constant flow valve V1. The dilution water then enters the deaeration tank T1, and the air trapped at the top of the tank passes from the top of the tank through the deaeration line L3 to the dialysate discharge line L2 and the dialyzer D.
It is mixed with the treated dialysate and discharged. The illustrated float valve in the degassing tank T1 lowers with the water level in the tank as air is trapped in the tank, supplying dilution water to the dialysate supply line L1. As the air in the deaeration tank T1 is removed, the water level rises, cutting off the supply of dilution water to the dialysate supply line. The figure shows the cut-off state.

The degassed dilution water is then mixed with the bicarbonate-free stock solution from Tank A. The bicarbonate-free stock solution is mixed with dilution water in the supply line L5 by the supply pump PA, and the concentration of the mixed solution is checked using the conductivity meter C1, and the bicarbonate-free stock solution is mixed with the bicarbonate-free stock solution to reach a predetermined normality. It is continuously supplied to the air trap T2 while adjusting the mixing ratio with the dilution water. Air trap T
The air in the mixed liquid that flows into the dialyzer D and is captured by the trap is mixed with the dialysate treated by the dialyzer D in the dialysate discharge line L2 from the degassing line L3, and is sucked and discharged. A float valve that operates in the same manner as in the case of the deaeration tank T1 is arranged in the air trap T2, and the drawing shows a state in which the mixed liquid is in communication with the dialysate supply line L1.

Next, a stock solution containing bicarbonate with a predetermined normality is added to tank B.
By operating the supply pump PB, the supply line L6 is
The dialysate is then mixed with the bicarbonate-free aqueous solution supplied to the dialysate supply line L1. Confirm the concentration using the conductivity meter C2 and adjust the mixing ratio of the bicarbonate-free aqueous solution and the bicarbonate-containing stock solution while applying the trap T.
3. The order of addition of the bicarbonate-free stock solution and the bicarbonate-containing stock solution may be arbitrary. Since carbonate precipitates in a bicarbonate-based dialysate in which both stock solutions are mixed with dilution water, both stock solutions are sequentially added to dilution water to prevent precipitation.

The dialysate prepared as above was measured using a conductivity meter C3.
While confirming the concentration, the dialysate flows from the trap T3 through the electromagnetic valve V4 to the dialyzer D to perform hemodialysis, and the treated dialysate is discharged from the dialysate discharge line L2. The solenoid valve V4 is set to automatically close when an abnormality in the normality of the dialysate occurs in the conductivity meter C3, and the flow rate adjustment valve V2 provided in the dialysate partial discharge line L4 is opened.
Dialysate with abnormal normality is prevented from being supplied to the dialyzer D, and the dialysate partial discharge line L4 operates as a bypass line.

Trap T3 does not have a float valve,
A part of the dialysate is discharged from the top through a dialysate partial discharge line L4 and mixed with the dialysate treated by the dialyzer D passing through the dialysate discharge line L2.

In the above configuration, since the dialysate flows at a constant flow rate, the differential pressure between the starting point and the end point of the dialysate partial discharge line L4 is constant regardless of the operation of the pressure regulating valve V3 for adjusting the dialysate pressure. The dialysate in the trap T3 is supplied to the dialyzer D at a constant flow rate, and the treated dialysate is suctioned and discharged into the dialysate discharge line L2. Further, the dialysate always flows in the dialysate partial discharge line L4, and carbonate is not generated in the line to block the line. Further, the flow rate in the dialysate partial discharge line L4 can be adjusted to a desired value by operating the flow rate regulating valve V2. As for the flow rate, for example, the amount of dialysate supplied to Dianalyzer D is 500 ml/min, while the amount of dialysate flowing into the dialysate partial discharge line is 1 ml/min. In addition, in order to reduce the amount of dialysate that is discarded through the dialysate partial discharge line L4, the flow rate regulating valve V2 is operated at a frequency that prevents carbonate precipitation from occurring in this line.
It is also possible to create an intermittent operation of opening and closing.

〔effect〕

Since the device of the present invention has such a configuration,
The dialysate is not supplied to the dialyzer in a state where the dialysate contains precipitates such as carbonates.
As a result, the microporous portion of the dialysis membrane of the dialyzer does not become clogged, and the dialyzer can perform dialysis while maintaining high dialysis efficiency for a long time.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawing is an explanatory view showing one embodiment of the bicarbonate-based dialysate adjusting device of the present invention. A is a bicarbonate-free stock solution tank, B is a bicarbonate-containing stock solution tank, C1, C2, and C3 are all conductivity meters, D is a dialyzer, L1 is a dialysate supply line, L2 is a dialysate discharge line, L3 is a degassing line, L4 is a dialysate partial discharge line, L5 is an A stock solution supply line, L6 is a B stock solution supply line, PA is a bicarbonate-free stock solution supply pump, PB is a bicarbonate-containing stock solution supply pump, P1 is the dilution water supply pump,
P2 is a dialysate discharge pump, T1 is a deaeration tank, T2 is an air trap, T3 is a trap, V1 is a constant flow valve, V2 is a flow regulating valve, V3 is a pressure regulating valve, and V4 is a solenoid valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A dialyzer, a dialysate supply line for supplying fresh bicarbonate-based dialysate prepared to the dialyzer, and a dialysate discharge line for discharging the treated dialysate processed by the dialyzer. A device for adjusting bicarbonate-based dialysate in hemodialysis comprising: a trap for discharging a portion of fresh bicarbonate-based dialysate provided in the middle of a dialysate supply line; A dialysate partial discharge line extends from the trap provided for discharging a portion of the dialysate mixed with the treated dialysate, and a dialysate partial discharge line extends through the dialysate partial discharge line. A flow rate adjustment valve provided to adjust the amount of dialysate, a conductivity meter for measuring the conductivity of the dialysate provided in a dialysate supply line connecting the trap and the dialyzer inlet, and the conductivity. and a solenoid valve for regulating the flow of fresh bicarbonate dialysate flowing into a dialyzer.