JPH0430252B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a greenhouse equipped with a reflective light path for growing tropical plants etc. well in cold regions.

(Conventional technology) Generally, greenhouses are often made of glass with an aluminum frame in order to let sunlight into the room and keep the greenhouse above the outside temperature. However, glass panels have a high heat transmission rate and reduce heat loss at night. The problem is that they are large, making it difficult to grow plants, especially in cold regions.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) For the reasons mentioned above, the greenhouse is made of double-walled structure,
A so-called pellet house has been put into practical use in which styrofoam pellets are fed between these two layers to keep them warm at night, and the pellets are removed by suction during the day, but they have the drawback of being expensive to construct.

In addition, in order to obtain sunlight, automatic light concentrators have been developed that track the position of the sun with a sensor, collect the light with a special lens, and guide the light to another room using an optical fiber. Because it is expensive to install this in a greenhouse, it is currently only used for cultivating especially high-quality orchids.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a greenhouse with a relatively simple structure that allows sunlight to enter the greenhouse during the day and prevents heat loss by insulating the greenhouse at night. It is made to be easily manufactured, and includes a fixed arc-shaped reflector,
The intended purpose is achieved by providing a reflected light path in combination with a rotating reflector plate that also serves as an opening/closing lid.

That is, the greenhouse equipped with the reflective light passage of the present invention,
The greenhouse, which has a translucent roof, is divided into upper and lower parts by partition plates with lids that can be rotated around a horizontal axis to open and close.
The lower part of the greenhouse is used as a greenhouse, and a rotary reflector is installed on the back side of the opening/closing lid, and a fixed reflector forming an arc is installed on the inside of the greenhouse above the partition plate opposite to this, and the fixed reflector and the required Both of the rotary reflecting plates opened at the opening angle form a reflected light path that introduces sunlight into the insulating chamber.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

1 is a temperature in which a cylindrical chamber 2 with a pentagonal cross section is constructed from an aluminum frame material and an acrylic plate;
The left and right side panels 4 and 5 are placed on the ground facing east and west, respectively, so that sunlight can enter the room 2 from the south-facing translucent panel 3a of one of the upper roof panels 3, which forms a chevron when viewed from the front. Standing up at 6.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a heat insulating room, for example a heat insulating box, provided in the greenhouse 1, and a heat insulating material, for example a styrofoam board 8.
A bottom plate 7a, left and right wall plates 7b and 7c, a rear plate 7d, a front plate (not shown), and a top plate 7e divided into two from the center form a cube, and its outer wall is as described above. The left and right top plates 7 are assembled so as to be in close contact with the side plates 4 and 5, and are also divided into two parts.
The base end portion (e) is fixed to a horizontal rotating shaft 9 along the dividing line, forming an opening/closing lid 10.

A rotating reflective plate 11 made of aluminum wheels is attached to the back side of the opening/closing lid 10, and when the rotating reflective plate 11 is rotated clockwise in FIG. Reflection path A that opens in a round shape
A fixed reflecting plate 12 forming an arc so as to form
is attached to the inside of the wall plate 7c.

A filter made of an acrylic plate is provided at the opening of the heat-insulating box 7, that is, at the narrow portion B of the reflection path A, for removing wavelength components of sunlight that are harmful to plants.

The back side of the top plate 7e in the heat insulation box 7, the side plates 7b, 7
c. An inner reflective plate 14 made of aluminum wheels is attached to the inner surfaces of the rear plate 7d and the front plate (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 2, the rotation shaft 9 of the opening/closing lid 10
is equipped with a gear 15 at one end thereof, and this gear 15 meshes with a gear 17 attached to an output shaft 16a of a motor 16.

The motor 16 is connected to a control device 19 using a microcomputer or the like via a conductive wire 18, and the opening/closing lid 10 is connected to a control device 19 using a microcomputer or the like.
It is controlled so that it can rotate with an inclination of 2. Note that this angle is set to maximize the light collection efficiency of the arc reflector 12.

20 is an aquarium, 21 is water filled in the aquarium a, and 22 is a cultivated plant such as water hyacinth or trumpet a.

In the greenhouse 1 equipped with the heat insulating box 7 configured as described above, during the day, as shown by arrow c in FIG.
2 and is focused and reflected, and as shown by arrow D, it enters directly from the opening, or as shown by arrow E, the rotating reflection 11 of the opening/closing lid 10 and the fixed reflection plate 12
The light is reflected and condensed by both, and is projected onto the cultivated plants 22 in the heat-insulating box 7, respectively.

When these sunlight rays pass through the filter 13 in the narrow part B of the heat insulation box 7, wavelength components harmful to plants are removed, and the light rays that hit the top surface of the water 21 or the aquarium 20 are heated. The light hits the inner reflector 14 inside the box 7 and illuminates the cultivated plants 22 again.

Even if the irradiation angle of the sun changes, the opening angle of the opening/closing lid 10 follows the opening angle of the opening/closing lid 10 so that the angle is always 1/2 of this by the motor 16. A large amount of light is reflected and incident.

At night, the opening/closing lid 10 is automatically closed by the rotation of the motor 16, so that no heat escapes from inside the insulating chamber 7.

(Modified example) In the above-described embodiment, the insulating greenhouse is a heat insulating box surrounded by a heat insulating material, but instead of this, an opening/closing lid is provided on the partition plate that divides the greenhouse into an upper and lower part, and the glass inner wall of the greenhouse is given a mirror finish. The reflector may also serve as a heat insulating material.

Alternatively, a reflective light path consisting of an opening/closing lid made of a rotating reflector and an arc-shaped fixed reflector facing the lid is formed in a heat-insulating box made of a heat insulating material, and the upper opening edge of this reflective light path and the heat-insulating If a lighting window is provided to connect the boxes, the greenhouse will be simpler than the greenhouse shown in the example, which consists of an aluminum frame and a glass plate.

(Effects of the Invention) As described in detail above, according to the temperature of the present invention, during the day, the average amount of daylight can be brought into the incubation room through the reflected light path communicating with the incubation room without impairing the timing of daylighting. At night, the opening/closing lid is closed and the greenhouse is sealed, allowing sunlight to enter the room.
Because it retains heat, there is little heat loss and it can be effectively used for plant cultivation in cold regions.

Furthermore, by automatically controlling the opening and closing of the lid, abnormal temperature rises in the summer can be prevented, and room temperature adjustment and ventilation can also be automated.

Furthermore, by using a filter, it is also possible to remove harmful wavelength components.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing the drive means for the opening/closing lid shown in FIG. 1. 1...Greenhouse, 2...Room, 3...Roof plate, 4,
5... Side plate, 7... Insulating box (insulating room), 8... Styrofoam (insulating material), 9... Rotating shaft, 10...
...Opening/closing lid, 11...Rotating reflector, 12...Fixed reflector, 13...Filter, 14...Inner reflector, 15, 17...Gear, 16...Motor, 20
...Aquarium, 21...Water, 22...Cultivated plants.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A greenhouse with a translucent roof is divided into upper and lower parts by a partition plate having an opening/closing lid that can be rotated around a horizontal axis, the lower part of the partition plate is used as an insulating chamber, and the back side of the opening/closing lid is A rotary reflector is installed, and a fixed reflector forming an arc is installed on the inside of the greenhouse above the partition plate opposite to the rotary reflector, and both the fixed reflector and the rotary reflector are opened at a required opening angle. A greenhouse equipped with a reflected light path, characterized in that a reflected light path is formed to introduce sunlight into the greenhouse. 2. A greenhouse equipped with a reflective light path according to claim 1, wherein at least the peripheral wall of the greenhouse is covered with a heat insulating material. 3. The opening/closing lid is linked to the drive means and rotated during the day while maintaining an angle of approximately 1/2 of the solar irradiation angle.
A greenhouse comprising a reflective light passage according to claim 1 or 2, which is closed at night.