JPH043176B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH043176B2 JPH043176B2 JP58215033A JP21503383A JPH043176B2 JP H043176 B2 JPH043176 B2 JP H043176B2 JP 58215033 A JP58215033 A JP 58215033A JP 21503383 A JP21503383 A JP 21503383A JP H043176 B2 JPH043176 B2 JP H043176B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fruit
- paper
- bags
- base paper
- transmittance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Description
本発明は白桃等の糖度や外観を向上させるため
に改良された果実袋用原紙に関するものである。
従来より使用されている果実袋には新聞紙、ク
ラフト紙、スジ入りクラフト紙等から作製された
ものがある。これらは果実の病菌や虫害からの保
護に重点がおかれたもので、糖度や外観等の向上
にはあまり有効なものではなかつた。
本発明は果実を病虫等から守るのみでなく糖度
や外観をも向上させ、その商品価値を高めること
を目的としてなされたもので、とくに果実の糖度
や外観と果実袋の透過率との関係に着目して研究
をすすめた結果、果実袋用原紙に特定の無機また
は有機顔料およびフイラーを含有させて特定の波
長における透過率をコントロールすることによつ
てその目的をかなり満足させることができること
を見出し本発明に至つた。
すなわち、本発明はパルプ中に、オレンジ色の
無機または有機顔料および、フイラーを主成分と
し、分光光度計による光の透過率が400〜500nm
において0〜5%、700〜800nmにおいて30〜50
%にある果実袋用原紙を第1の発明とする。
また第1の発明の果実袋用原紙において、紙の
透気度(JIS P―8117)を5〜25秒/100c.c.と規
定することにより、糖度等の向上効果をさらに増
加させた果実袋用原紙を第2の発明とする。
果実袋の光の透過率と果実の生理現象とを結び
つけて解明することは、その時の天候、雨量、日
射量等によりそれぞれ異なるために非常に困難で
ある。しかし種々の果実袋を使用し、多くのテス
トを行うことにより、上記本発明の構成の原紙を
用いたものが、白桃の糖度および外観の向上に最
もすぐれた効果を発揮した。また病虫等の保護に
おいても従来の果実袋にみられない効果が得られ
た。
光の透過率において、400〜500nmで9%以上、
700〜800nmで50%以上と高いものは、400〜
500nmの領域ではアントシアンが出現して白桃が
紅色に着色し、一方700〜800nmの領域では赤外
線の吸収が大きく果実の優美化に悪影響をもたら
し商品価値を著しく低下させる。また700〜
800nmで20%以下になると赤外線の透過率が少な
くなり、果実の糖度や色合いに影響を及ぼして不
適当である。
本発明において使用されるパルプとしては、
NBKP、LBKP、NUKP、GP、再生繊維、合繊
等多くのものから選択できるが、袋がけ作業性を
充分に考慮した柔らかさが必要である。また上記
パルプのうちNUKP、LUKP、GP等は紫外線吸
収の上で役立つ。
フイラーとしては屈折率1.55〜2.70の範囲のも
のがよく、クレー、タルク、炭酸カルシウム、二
酸化チタン等を使用することができる。なかでも
タルク(屈折率1.57)は顔料の色目に変化を与え
ることがなくすぐれている。しかし二酸化チタン
のように屈折率の高いもの(2.70)はオレンジ色
が白味を帯びてきて透過光のバランスがとりにく
い。一方屈折率の低いものは添加量を多くしても
波長400〜500nmにおける吸収量を0〜5%に近
づけるのに非常にむずかしくなる。
上記本発明の構成の前提として注意する必要が
あるのは紙の厚さおよび坪量である。すなわち紙
の厚さおよび坪量をあまりに高くした場合は紙の
不透明度を増し、波長700〜800nmでは透過率が
30%以下になり光の透過が悪くなる。一方厚さ、
坪量が低い場合は光の透過が多くなり、波長400
〜500nmで透過率0〜5%の範囲に入らない場合
もある。また700〜800nmで50%以上の透過率に
なり不適当である。この厚さおよび坪量の決定は
紙の強度や袋がけ作業性、製袋品の箱詰枚数等を
考慮することも必要であり、好ましい範囲として
は厚さが50〜90μ、坪量が30〜50g/m2である。
本発明において、さらに糖度および外観を向上
させるのに果実袋用原紙の透気度(JIS―P―
8117)で規定されるガーレー透気度)が重要な因
子であることが判明した。これは透気度のコント
ロールにより病原菌や害虫の侵入を防ぐことがで
きるとともに袋内の環境もコントロールすること
ができるからである。すなわち、果実自身の呼吸
による水分や土地、果樹園、その周辺の環境条件
により袋内の湿度および水分は大きく変わる。本
発明者らのテスト結果によると果実袋の透気度と
して好ましい範囲は5〜25秒/100c.c.で、最も好
ましいのは10秒/100c.c.前後である。この範囲の
透気度によれば果実の生理作用を円滑にせしめ、
果実の育成、澱粉の糖化を促し、品種固有の香気
を熟成させるなど果実生理に非常に適合した条件
をもたらす。しかし透気度が0〜5未満秒/100
c.c.においては外部から水分が入りやすくかつ病原
菌の侵入も多くなる。一方、透気度が30秒/100
c.c.を超えると果実から発散する水分など袋内に滞
留する水分が多くなり微生物が繁殖しやすくな
る。
そのほか果実袋の特性として重要なものに撥水
性と通気性がある。一般に生育中の果実を保護す
る目的で果実袋に撥水性を付与して袋をかけるこ
とが行われており、通常2〜4ケ月間袋掛けされ
る。袋の撥水効果が1〜2ケ月でなくなると雨が
果実に悪影響を及ぼして品質を低下させる。また
収穫時には紙が弱くなり袋ごと収穫する場合には
収穫しにくいという欠点がある。撥水剤の種類と
してはパラフイン系ワツクス、スチレン又はスチ
レン誘導体とビニール系モノマーの共重合物、塩
素化パラフイン、ナフテン酸コバルト、ジルコニ
ウム化合物、アルキルケテンダイマーなどが主な
種類であるが、我々の開発した育果紙はコスト
面、撥水性等を考慮してどの撥水剤を用いてもさ
しつかえない。また撥水性を紙に付与させる方法
としては内添、サイズプレス塗工、キヤレンダー
塗工、含浸等、どの方法を用いても良い。
実施例 1
NBKP 20%
LBKP 25%
NUKP 45%
GP 10%
のパルプ配合に対し、
ロジンサイズ 1.5%
硫酸バンド 5.0%
メラミン 3.0%
黄色有機顔料 8.33%
赤色 〃 1.66%
アクリルアミド系定着剤 0.003%
タルク(屈折率1.57) 2.5%
を添加(対パルプ固形分重量パーセント)し、坪
量45g/m2、厚さ78μの紙を抄造し果実袋用原紙
とした。これに撥水剤(オレフイン系樹脂)
1.5g/m2を塗工した。この原紙の光の透過率曲線
を自記分光光度計で求め、第1図の曲線1を得
た。図より400nm付近における透過率は0%であ
り、700nmにおける透過率は34%であることが分
る。なお測定器は、島津ダブルモノクロメーター
自記分光光度計UV―365を使用した。
実施例 2
NBKP 20%
LBKP 50%
NUKP 30%
のパルプに対し、
ロジンサイズ 1.0%
硫酸バンド 5.5%
メラミン 3.5%
オレンジ色無機顔料 10.0%
アクリルアミド系定着剤 0.0025%
タルク(屈折率1.57) 2.5%
を添加(対パルプ固形分重量パーセント)し、坪
量46g/m2、厚さ79μの紙を抄造し、果実袋用原
紙とした。これに撥水剤(オレフイン系樹脂)
1.5g/m2を塗工した。
この原紙について実施例1と同様、光の透過率
曲線を求め第1図の曲線2を得た。実施例1で得
た紙と比較し若干色目、透過率が低下した。
使用例
実施例1および実施例2の原紙を用いて作成し
た果実袋を開花後30日の白桃に袋掛けし、60日後
収穫調査を行い第1表の結果を得た。従来袋3種
(うす茶色紙、黄味白色紙、新聞紙)も同様にし
て袋掛けし比較した。
The present invention relates to a base paper for fruit bags that has been improved to improve the sugar content and appearance of white peaches and the like. Fruit bags conventionally used include those made from newspaper, kraft paper, streaked kraft paper, and the like. These methods focused on protecting the fruit from disease and insect damage, and were not very effective in improving sugar content or appearance. The present invention was made with the aim of not only protecting fruits from diseases and insects, but also improving their sugar content and appearance, thereby increasing their commercial value.In particular, the present invention aims to improve the commercial value of fruits by improving their sugar content and appearance. As a result of conducting research with a focus on fruit bag paper, it was discovered that the purpose could be met to a large extent by controlling the transmittance at specific wavelengths by incorporating specific inorganic or organic pigments and fillers into base paper for fruit bags. Heading This led to the present invention. That is, the present invention contains an orange inorganic or organic pigment and a filler as main components in the pulp, and the light transmittance measured by a spectrophotometer is 400 to 500 nm.
0-5% at 700-800nm, 30-50 at 700-800nm
The first invention is a base paper for fruit bags in %. In addition, in the base paper for fruit bags of the first invention, the air permeability (JIS P-8117) of the paper is defined as 5 to 25 seconds/100c.c., thereby further increasing the effect of improving sugar content, etc. The second invention is base paper for bags. It is extremely difficult to link and elucidate the light transmittance of a fruit bag with the physiological phenomena of the fruit, since they differ depending on the weather, amount of rainfall, amount of sunlight, etc. at the time. However, by conducting many tests using various fruit bags, it was found that the one using the base paper of the above-mentioned structure of the present invention exhibited the most excellent effect in improving the sugar content and appearance of white peaches. Furthermore, in terms of protection against diseases and insects, it has an effect not seen in conventional fruit bags. In terms of light transmittance, 9% or more at 400-500nm,
700~800nm, higher than 50%, 400~
In the 500nm region, anthocyanins appear and turn white peaches red, while in the 700 to 800nm region, infrared rays are largely absorbed, adversely affecting the elegance of the fruit and significantly lowering its commercial value. 700~
If it is less than 20% at 800nm, the transmittance of infrared rays will decrease, which will affect the sugar content and color of the fruit, making it unsuitable. The pulp used in the present invention includes:
You can choose from many materials such as NBKP, LBKP, NUKP, GP, recycled fibers, synthetic fibers, etc., but it needs to be soft enough to take bagging workability into consideration. Among the above pulps, NUKP, LUKP, GP, etc. are useful in absorbing ultraviolet rays. The filler preferably has a refractive index in the range of 1.55 to 2.70, and clay, talc, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, etc. can be used. Among these, talc (refractive index 1.57) is excellent because it does not change the color of the pigment. However, when using materials with a high refractive index (2.70) like titanium dioxide, the orange color becomes whitish, making it difficult to balance the transmitted light. On the other hand, for materials with a low refractive index, even if the amount added is increased, it is very difficult to bring the amount of absorption at a wavelength of 400 to 500 nm close to 0 to 5%. It is necessary to pay attention to the thickness and basis weight of the paper as a premise for the configuration of the present invention. In other words, if the thickness and basis weight of the paper are too high, the opacity of the paper will increase and the transmittance will decrease at wavelengths of 700 to 800 nm.
If it becomes less than 30%, light transmission becomes poor. On the other hand, the thickness
If the basis weight is low, the transmission of light increases, and the wavelength of 400
There are cases where the transmittance does not fall within the range of 0 to 5% at ~500 nm. Moreover, the transmittance is 50% or more at 700 to 800 nm, which is inappropriate. When determining the thickness and basis weight, it is necessary to consider the strength of the paper, the ease of bagging, the number of boxes for the bag-made product, etc. The preferred range is a thickness of 50 to 90μ and a basis weight of 30μ. ~50g/ m2 . In the present invention, in order to further improve the sugar content and appearance, the air permeability (JIS-P-
8117) was found to be an important factor. This is because by controlling the air permeability, it is possible to prevent the invasion of pathogenic bacteria and pests, and the environment inside the bag can also be controlled. In other words, the humidity and moisture inside the bag vary greatly depending on the moisture from the fruit's own breathing and the environmental conditions of the land, orchard, and surrounding areas. According to the test results of the present inventors, the preferable air permeability range of the fruit bag is 5 to 25 seconds/100 c.c., and the most preferable range is around 10 seconds/100 c.c. The air permeability within this range facilitates the physiological functions of the fruit,
It provides conditions that are highly compatible with fruit physiology, promoting fruit development, saccharification of starch, and ripening of the aroma unique to the variety. However, the air permeability is less than 0 to 5 seconds/100
In CC, moisture easily enters from the outside and pathogens often enter. On the other hand, the air permeability is 30 seconds/100
If it exceeds cc, more water will remain in the bag, such as water emitted from the fruit, making it easier for microorganisms to breed. Other important properties of fruit bags include water repellency and breathability. In general, fruit bags are made water repellent and hung in bags for the purpose of protecting growing fruits, and the bags are usually hung for 2 to 4 months. If the water-repellent effect of the bag wears off after one to two months, rain will have a negative effect on the fruit, reducing its quality. Another drawback is that the paper becomes weak during harvesting, making it difficult to harvest if the bags are harvested together. The main types of water repellents include paraffin wax, copolymers of styrene or styrene derivatives and vinyl monomers, chlorinated paraffins, cobalt naphthenate, zirconium compounds, and alkyl ketene dimers. Any water repellent can be used for the grown paper, considering cost, water repellency, etc. Further, as a method for imparting water repellency to paper, any method such as internal addition, size press coating, calender coating, impregnation, etc. may be used. Example 1 For a pulp composition of NBKP 20% LBKP 25% NUKP 45% GP 10%, rosin size 1.5% band sulfate 5.0% melamine 3.0% yellow organic pigment 8.33% red 〃 1.66% acrylamide fixer 0.003% talc (refractor) A paper with a basis weight of 45 g/m 2 and a thickness of 78 μm was made into paper for fruit bags by adding 2.5% (% by weight of solid content of pulp). Water repellent (olefin resin)
1.5 g/m 2 was applied. The light transmittance curve of this base paper was determined using a self-recording spectrophotometer, and curve 1 in FIG. 1 was obtained. The figure shows that the transmittance near 400 nm is 0%, and the transmittance at 700 nm is 34%. The measuring instrument used was a Shimadzu double monochromator self-recording spectrophotometer UV-365. Example 2 Rosin size 1.0%, sulfate band 5.5%, melamine 3.5%, orange inorganic pigment 10.0%, acrylamide fixer 0.0025%, and talc (refractive index 1.57) 2.5% were added to pulp of NBKP 20%, LBKP 50%, and NUKP 30%. (% by weight of solid content of the pulp), and a paper having a basis weight of 46 g/m 2 and a thickness of 79 μm was made to be used as a base paper for fruit bags. Water repellent (olefin resin)
1.5 g/m 2 was applied. A light transmittance curve was determined for this base paper in the same manner as in Example 1, and curve 2 in FIG. 1 was obtained. Compared to the paper obtained in Example 1, the color and transmittance were slightly lower. Usage Example The fruit bags made using the base paper of Examples 1 and 2 were placed on white peaches 30 days after flowering, and a harvest survey was conducted 60 days later to obtain the results shown in Table 1. Three types of conventional bags (light brown paper, yellowish white paper, and newspaper) were also hung in the same manner and compared.
【表】
第1表によつて明らかなように、本発明による
オレンジ色袋を使用すると比較例の3種の果実袋
を使用した場合と比較して、生理落下が減少し、
また白桃の商品価値を下げない良好な着色となる
ものが増加する。すなわち黄味白色袋(図中曲線
4の場合は着色過剰になりやすい。これは第1図
から明らかなように400nm付近の紫外線透過率が
高く(21.5%)、アントシアンが出現するからで
ある。うす茶色袋は(図中曲線3)は黄味白色袋
ほどではないが400nmにおける透過率が若干高め
なことが影響している。新聞紙袋(図中曲線5)
は400nmにおける透過率は本発明原紙による果実
袋のそれに近似しているが700nmにおける透過率
が低く、全体的に着色不良の傾向にある。さらに
本発明によるオレンジ色袋によれば、糖度の向上
も外観上の色合いも良好となることが認められ
る。
加えて、本発明果実袋用原紙の透気度を一定の
範囲にコントロールすることによつてさらに糖度
および色合いを向上させることができる。第2表
に紙の透気度と糖度および色合いとの関係を示し
た。[Table] As is clear from Table 1, when the orange bag according to the present invention is used, menstrual drop is reduced compared to when the three types of fruit bags of the comparative example are used.
In addition, there will be an increase in the number of white peaches that provide good coloring that does not reduce the commercial value. In other words, a yellowish white bag (curve 4 in the figure) tends to be overcolored. This is because, as is clear from Figure 1, the ultraviolet transmittance around 400 nm is high (21.5%) and anthocyanins appear. Light brown bags (curve 3 in the figure) are not as strong as yellowish white bags, but this is due to the slightly higher transmittance at 400 nm. Newspaper bags (curve 5 in the figure)
The transmittance at 400 nm is close to that of the fruit bag made of the base paper of the present invention, but the transmittance at 700 nm is low, and there is a tendency for poor coloring overall. Furthermore, it is recognized that the orange bag according to the present invention has an improved sugar content and a good color appearance. In addition, by controlling the air permeability of the fruit bag base paper of the present invention within a certain range, the sugar content and color can be further improved. Table 2 shows the relationship between paper air permeability, sugar content, and color.
【表】
順位でその良否を示す。
第2表から明らかなように本発明の果実袋用原
紙は、適切な透気度とすることによつて糖度、色
合いともに良好となる。ちなみに実施例1の原紙
の透気度は13秒/100c.c.であり、実施例2の原紙
は11秒/100c.c.である。
このように本発明の原紙から作製された果実袋
を袋掛けした白桃は、商品価値の高い外観を呈す
るとともにその糖度の向上にも有効であることが
明確である。また、この果実袋は白桃のみでな
く、びわ、なしにも適用して有効であるなど果樹
栽培者に多大の利益をもたらすものである。[Table] Indicates quality by ranking.
As is clear from Table 2, the base paper for fruit bags of the present invention has good sugar content and color by having an appropriate air permeability. Incidentally, the air permeability of the base paper of Example 1 is 13 seconds/100 c.c., and the air permeability of the base paper of Example 2 is 11 seconds/100 c.c. As described above, it is clear that white peaches wrapped in fruit bags made from the base paper of the present invention exhibit an appearance with high commercial value and are also effective in improving their sugar content. Furthermore, this fruit bag is effective not only for white peaches, but also for loquats and pears, bringing great benefits to fruit growers.
図は本発明および従来の果実袋用原紙の光透過
率曲線を示すものである。
図中曲線1および2は本発明の実施例、3〜5
は従来品のそれを示す。
The figure shows the light transmittance curves of the present invention and the conventional base paper for fruit bags. Curves 1 and 2 in the figure are Examples 3 to 5 of the present invention.
indicates that of the conventional product.
Claims (1)
料および屈折率が1.55〜2.70のフイラーを主成分
として含有し、分光光度計による光の透過率が
400〜500nmにおいて0〜5%、700〜800nmにお
いて30〜50%であることを特徴とする果実袋用原
紙。 2 パルプ中に、オレンジ色の有機または無機顔
料および屈折率が1.55〜2.70のフイラーを主成分
として含有し、分光光度計による光の透過率が
400〜500nmにおいて0〜5%、700〜800nmにお
いて30〜50%であり、かつ紙の透気度(JIS―P
―8117)が5〜25秒/100c.c.であることを特徴と
する果実袋用原紙。[Claims] 1 The pulp contains an orange organic or inorganic pigment and a filler with a refractive index of 1.55 to 2.70 as main components, and the light transmittance measured by a spectrophotometer is
A base paper for fruit bags characterized by having a wavelength of 0 to 5% at 400 to 500 nm and a ratio of 30 to 50% at 700 to 800 nm. 2 The pulp contains an orange organic or inorganic pigment and a filler with a refractive index of 1.55 to 2.70 as the main components, and the light transmittance measured by a spectrophotometer is
0 to 5% at 400 to 500 nm, 30 to 50% at 700 to 800 nm, and the air permeability of paper (JIS-P
-8117) is 5 to 25 seconds/100c.c.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21503383A JPS60110220A (en) | 1983-11-17 | 1983-11-17 | Raw paper for fruit bag |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21503383A JPS60110220A (en) | 1983-11-17 | 1983-11-17 | Raw paper for fruit bag |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60110220A JPS60110220A (en) | 1985-06-15 |
| JPH043176B2 true JPH043176B2 (en) | 1992-01-22 |
Family
ID=16665636
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21503383A Granted JPS60110220A (en) | 1983-11-17 | 1983-11-17 | Raw paper for fruit bag |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60110220A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101167432B (en) | 2007-09-19 | 2010-05-19 | 孙康云 | Fruit bagging device |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0452435U (en) * | 1990-09-05 | 1992-05-01 | ||
| JP4589525B2 (en) * | 2000-12-27 | 2010-12-01 | 日本植生株式会社 | Fruit protective bag and fruit cultivation method |
| JP6213253B2 (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2017-10-18 | 王子ホールディングス株式会社 | Fruit bag paper |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5925568B2 (en) * | 1976-03-18 | 1984-06-19 | 小林製袋産業株式会社 | bird proof fruit bag |
-
1983
- 1983-11-17 JP JP21503383A patent/JPS60110220A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101167432B (en) | 2007-09-19 | 2010-05-19 | 孙康云 | Fruit bagging device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60110220A (en) | 1985-06-15 |
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