JPH0432173B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

(Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a vegetation substrate constituting a vegetation zone used for greening work on cut slopes, etc., and a method for manufacturing the same. (Background of the Invention) Conventionally, as the vegetation substrate, a vegetation sheet in which an organic soil improvement material made of beaten and fibrillated plant fibers is added to pulp and dried has been proposed by the applicant in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1983-1999. This is proposed in Publication No. -25423. This vegetation sheet can be used, for example, in a vegetation zone in which a layer of seeds, fertilizer, etc. is interposed between a plurality of laminated sheets, and if necessary, straw and/or netting is appropriately arranged on the top. be done. The vegetation zone employing the vegetation sheet is
When laid on green ground such as a cut slope, the vegetation sheet absorbs moisture from the atmosphere or from rainfall and decomposes the water, and the soil conditioner and fertilizer fertilizes the soil. . Furthermore, the germinated seeds absorb nutrients from the decomposed soil conditioner and fertilizer, and their growth is promoted. In this way, in the vegetation zone, the vegetation sheet absorbs water and decomposes quickly, which not only fertilizes the soil but also promotes seed germination and rooting without inhibiting it, thereby promoting plant growth. This is a necessary element. Therefore, as a result of various studies to improve the water decomposability of the vegetation sheet, the present inventor found that the vegetation sheet can be used as a soil improvement material, wood pulp, water-soluble fiber,
Alternatively, since it is composed of three elements: heat-melting fibers or synthetic resin fibers, the water decomposability of the entire vegetation sheet can be improved by making it easy to water decompose by using one of these methods. I paid attention. However, among the three elements mentioned above, the synthetic resin fibers mixed in for thermal bonding account for only a small weight ratio in the vegetation sheet, and even if the water decomposition of this is improved, the total water decomposition Since the effect on sex is slight, sufficient effects cannot be exerted.
Moreover, polyethylene fibers are often used as the synthetic resin fibers, and their properties are chemically stable, so it is not easy to decompose them. In addition, since soil improvement materials exhibit soil improvement effects by integrating with the soil, changing their physical and chemical properties should be avoided. Therefore, the target is wood pulp, which plays a role as a binder in the formation of vegetation sheets, but if this wood pulp is physically and chemically altered, it may reduce the soil improvement effect of the vegetation substrate. It does not have a negative effect on plant growth. Incidentally, bleached chemical pulp such as NBSP and NBKP is generally used as the wood pulp for the above-mentioned vegetation sheet, and cellulose is the main component of these cell membranes and forms the skeleton component.
Then, this cellulose is decomposed into glucose by a degrading enzyme through a reaction opposite to the production reaction (dehydration condensation), that is, hydrolysis. Therefore, by introducing a substance involved in the hydrolysis of cellulose into the vegetation sheet, the water decomposition properties of the vegetation sheet can be improved as a result. (Structure of the Invention) The present invention has been made based on the above considerations, and the first invention, the vegetation substrate, is a vegetation sheet made of a vegetable organic soil improvement material and pulp. It contains an enzyme involved in the decomposition of cell membranes. Moreover, in the second invention, a method for manufacturing a vegetation substrate, the vegetation sheet is impregnated with a liquid enzyme. Furthermore, the third aspect of the invention is a method for producing a vegetation substrate, in which an enzyme mixed in a fixative is spread on the vegetation sheet. (Example) The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a vegetation substrate 1 according to the first invention, which contains an enzyme 6 involved in the decomposition of plant cell membranes on the surface of a vegetation sheet 2 whose main component is an organic soil conditioner. The enzyme layer 5 is fixed thereon. The vegetation sheet 2 is made by adding internal additives to a mixture of beaten and fibrillated wood pulp 3 and soil improvement material 4 to prepare a stock liquid, and making paper from this stock liquid and drying it. The specific manufacturing method thereof is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-25423 by the present applicant. The vegetation substrate 1 is manufactured by the manufacturing process shown in FIG. The vegetation sheet 2 is rolled out from a sheet roll 11 in the direction of the arrow, and is conveyed between an upper roller 13 and a lower roller 14 via an intermediate roller 12. Here, a solution tank 20 is arranged below the lower roller 14, and contains a mixed solution 8 of an enzyme 6 and a fixative 7 that are involved in the decomposition of plant cell membranes.
The mixed liquid 8 held on the outer periphery of the lower roll 14 as it rotates is made uniform by the blade 15 and spread on the surface of the vegetation sheet 2 which is being conveyed between the upper and lower rolls 13 and 14. Then, a vegetation substrate 1 having an enzyme layer 5 on the surface of the vegetation sheet 2 is formed. Next, the vegetation substrate 1 passes between conveyance rollers 16 and 17 and is wound onto a winding roll 18 . In addition,
Before the winding roll 18, a drying step or/and
It is also possible to provide a step of drilling holes in the vegetation substrate 1 at appropriate intervals, and to allow the vegetation substrate 1 to pass through these holes. The enzyme 6 accommodated in the solution tank 20 includes:
As the soil improvement material decomposes, seed germination,
It is necessary to use a naturally occurring material that does not inhibit rooting and plant growth, and does not have a negative impact on the soil.From the considerations mentioned in the "Background of the Invention" above, it is necessary to use a naturally occurring material that does not inhibit rooting and plant growth. For example, cellulase involved in decomposing cellulose into glucose (polysaccharides), pectinase involved in decomposing pectin, hemicellnase involved in degrading hemicellulose, etc. are preferably used. Examples of the fixative include glue, gelatin, casein, starch, modified starch, starch derivatives, cellulose derivatives, algin, paraffin derivatives, synthetic rubber emulsions, silicone resins, fluorine resins, urea resins, styrene-maleic acid copolymers, and polyesters. Vinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate maleic acid copolymer, polyacrylamide, amine polymer, and colloidal silicic acid are used. In the above description, the enzyme 6 is spread on the surface of the vegetation sheet 2 together with the fixative 7, but the invention is not limited to this. The impregnation may be carried out by adjusting the concentration of the fixative, the amount of the fixative, the roller pressure, etc. Alternatively, the liquid enzyme may be sprayed onto the vegetation sheet 2 and permeated therein without using the printing roller. In addition, in these methods, it is necessary to provide a drying process before the winding roll 18. Furthermore, in the printing process of slitting the vegetation sheet 2, the enzyme 6 may be dissolved in printing ink and spread. The results of experiments on the influence of cellulase on the degradability of the vegetation sheet 2 when cellulase is used as the enzyme 6 will be shown below. Cellulase and properties of vegetable sheets Cellulase has the property of breaking down the crystal structure of cellulose and producing glucose, and indicators of this activity include "filter paper disintegration power" and "aviselase activity". "Filter paper disintegration power" literally means the ability to disintegrate filter paper, and "avicelase activity" is the activity that acts on microcrystalline cellulose Avicel to produce glycose. In addition, "xylanase activity" which has the property of decomposing hemicellulose, "pectinase activity" which decomposes pectin, "CMC which decomposes CMC"
Of the above activities, the important ones for decomposing the cellulose in the vegetable sheet 2 are the "filter paper disintegrating power" and the "avicerase activity", but any enzyme is optimal for its action. The cellulase used in this experiment is Meicelase (trade name) manufactured by Meiji Seika Co., Ltd. The relationship between the enzyme activity of Meicelase and temperature and pH is shown in Table- As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4.

【table】

[Table] The enzymatic activity and other properties of cellulase (meicelase) are summarized as follows. (a) The conditions for effectively exhibiting filter paper disintegrating power and avicelase activity are pH 4.0 to 5.5 and temperature 40 to 50°C. The strongest activity is exhibited at pH 4.5 and temperature 50°C, but below 20°C or Potency decreases on the alkaline side. (b) It is stable against ultraviolet rays and high temperatures, and the temperature during production of meicelase bulk powder is 170°C, so it is thought that meicelase will not deteriorate up to at least 170°C. (c) Since the action on cellulase is hydrolysis, it is not effective in dry conditions. (d) Lignin is one of the substances that interfere with hydrolysis, and the action of substances containing this is reduced. (e) Even if a change in PH occurs, the potential activity of meicelase is less likely to deteriorate. On the other hand, peat moss, which is the main component of the vegetation sheet 2, is acidic, and its pH is 5.8 (JIS P8113). In addition, peat moss has various buffering properties (buffering properties against soil salt disturbances, etc.), and its buffering properties against acids and alkalis are shown in Figure 5, and the pH changes with slightly acidic or alkaline rain. It is expected that this will not happen. The buffering properties of general vegetation paper are indicated by dotted lines in the figure. Furthermore, in general, the soil in Japan where the vegetation sheet 2 is constructed is often acidic (PH4-5), and the vegetation sheet 2 is expected to be acidified, but the PH value (5.8) of the vegetation sheet 2 is The enzyme activity of meicelase is slightly off the peak, and under natural conditions the temperature varies considerably between winter and summer, making it difficult to obtain optimal conditions after construction. However, the decomposition of the vegetation sheet 2 does not have to be accomplished within a few hours, but only needs to be accomplished by the time the seeds germinate, so at least 4 to 5 days after rainfall is acceptable. Moreover, even if the decomposition of the vegetation sheet 2 does not reach the complete decomposition of cellulose, the effect of embrittling cellulose alone can sufficiently promote water decomposition. Therefore, it is not necessarily necessary to match the properties of the vegetation sheet 2 and the conditions of the construction site with the optimal conditions for the enzyme activity of meicelase; rather, considering the effects on seed germination and the construction site, the PH etc. should be left as they are. judge it as good. Regarding the addition index in various experiments using meicelase Since two types of meicelase with different enzymatic activity were used in this experiment, the amount added is expressed in a form that includes the enzymatic activity of meicelase and the weight added to the vegetation sheet 2. In other words, when three vegetation sheets 2 are piled up, the area is 1 m ²
The expression "addition index" is used to describe how many grams of meiselase with which enzymatic activity is added per 100 g of sheet weight. 10% potential enzymatic activity of high-purity meiselase
When 10 g of this is added to 1 m ² of vegetation sheet 2, the addition index is 100 (g-activity/m ² ). Therefore, if 1 g of meicelase with an enzyme activity of 10 is added per m ² of vegetation sheet, the addition index will be 10 g-activity/m ² . Table 3 below shows the potential enzymatic activity of each meicelase.

[Table] Ratio when the enzyme activity of high-purity meicelase is set to 10. All meicelase is in powder form, and the "meicelase solution" used in the experiment was prepared by dissolving it in water. -1 Addition of Meicelase and Dissolution Rate of Vegetation Sheet () The following describes an experiment conducted to examine how the dissolution rate, which is an index of the water decomposition property of Vegetation Sheet 2, changes due to the addition of Meicelase. a. Experimental method Vegetation substrate with a dissolution rate of 40 seconds obtained from the paper solubility test explained later was placed in a 5 x 5 cm
The pieces were cut into pieces and stacked to make 2 g, which was then placed in a glass chalet, and then 0.1% meiselase solution with water added to make 20 ml was added, and the pieces were immersed indoors for 24 hours. For meiselase, we use “high purity meiselase” with the highest enzyme activity, and the addition index is 0.
There were seven types: 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 g-activity/ ^m2 . After immersion, the dissolution rate was measured in the wet state. The results are shown in Table 4 and Figure 6.

【table】

[Table] b Experimental results The embrittlement of the vegetation sheet 2 due to the addition of meicelase was very significant. Addition index of meicelase is 1 g-activity/m ²
Even at such a low additive amount, the dissolution rate is approximately twice as fast as that without additives, and it was confirmed that the dissolution rate increases as the additive index increases, and at 10 g-activity/m ² It was promoted 8 times. Furthermore, when the amount of glucose produced was confirmed using a test paper, it was found that the amount of glucose produced increased as the addition index increased. The state after immersion could not be distinguished from the appearance immediately after immersion, and the presence of a large amount of pulp fibers in the vegetation sheet was confirmed even after immersion. Therefore, it was found that although this level of addition index does not reach complete decomposition (hydrolysis) of cellulose, it is sufficient to obtain an embrittlement effect. The PH during immersion was 6.0 for all samples.
The temperature during dipping varied from 14 to 23°C (average 20°C). In this way, good results were obtained despite the fact that the enzymatic activity of meiselase was not fully exerted during immersion. Moreover, no change was observed in the peat moss in the vegetation sheet 2 before and after immersion by microscopic observation. c Paper solubility test This test is applied to paper that requires water solubility, such as toilet paper and toilet seat sheet paper, and the method is as follows. First, add 300ml of water to a beaker (for 500ml)
Place it on a magnetic stirrer, put a test sample cut into 50 x 50 mm (±0.1 mm) in it, and place it on a rotor (diameter about 7 mm, total length 35 mm).
mm, weight approximately 7 g) at approximately 600 rpm. Next, once the rotation has stabilized, the two paper stock pieces are placed in the beaker, and the time required until the paper stock pieces completely decompose (when they become small pieces with an area of 0.25 cm ² or less) is measured. The above experiment is performed at least three times, each time is averaged, and this is taken as the dissolution rate. -2 Dissolution rate of a vegetation sheet with the addition of meicelase () The above-mentioned dissolution rate () experiment showed that a vegetation sheet that had a dissolution rate of 40 seconds when dry was 20 seconds when immersed in water for 24 hours (when measured in a wet state). It was confirmed that it was faster. However, when the vegetation belt and the vegetation sheet 2 are constructed at the site, the seeds are repeatedly exposed to wet conditions due to rainwater and dry conditions due to sunny weather etc. before they germinate. Therefore, in order to elucidate how the dissolution rate changes when the vegetation sheet 2 is dried after it has been moistened, meiselase was added to the vegetation sheet 2, which was then moistened and once embrittled. , then the vegetation sheet was dried and its dissolution rate was measured. (a) Experimental method The residue of vegetation sheet 2 treated in experiment () (non-test sample) was squeezed with water to a moisture content of 30%, layered and dried indoors for 24 hours (air-dried). The dissolution rate after drying was measured. (b) Experimental results The experimental results are shown in Table 5 and Figure 7.

[Table] As is clear from FIG. 7, as the addition index increases, the dissolution rate tends to increase even after air drying. -3 Summary of experiments () and () The results of the experiments () and () are shown in Table-6.

[Table] As is clear from this table, vegetation sheet 2
The addition of meicelase (cellulase) to the vegetation sheet 2 is considered to be an extremely effective means of improving the water decomposition properties of the vegetation sheet 2, and even with the addition of a small amount of about 1 g-activity/ ^m2 , the dissolution rate can be improved by about twice. Admitted. The effect of meiselase on peat moss is
It can be judged that there is almost no addition rate at a low addition rate of about 1 to 10 g-activity/ ^m2 . Furthermore, the addition of meicelase tended to increase the flexibility (depending on the touch of the hand) of the vegetation sheet 2, so it is thought that improved adhesion to the soil can be expected. When applying on-site, it is expected that the conditions will be different from those in experiments, but considering that the practical meicelase addition index is about 1 to 4 g-activity/ ^m2 , special conditions may be required after installation. Straight sheet 2 without any conditions (temperature or pH)
embrittlement is considered to be achievable. Outdoor experiment Indoor experiment revealed that the practical meicelase addition index required for embrittlement of the vegetation sheet 2 is 1 to 4 g.
The results were obtained with activity/m ² . Based on this, the decomposition state of the vegetation sheet 2 outdoors after the addition of meicelase was observed. (a) Experimental method (see Figures 8 and 9) Three vegetation sheets 2 cut into 10 x 10 mm pieces with a dissolution rate of 40 seconds were stacked on top of each other, and heat set in a cross shape passing through the center with a soldering iron with a width of 5 mm. Prepare two test specimens with
A 0.1% high-purity meiselase solution was impregnated so that the addition index was 4 g-activity/m ² , and the test specimen was impregnated with water, and both were air-dried indoors for one day. After air drying, it was left on a test ground of sandy soil (classification: sandy soil [symbol: S]) containing a small amount of pebbles with a diameter of 3 to 5 mmφ. b. Experimental results It started raining for three consecutive days from the third day after leaving the container, and the cumulative amount of rainfall was 100 mm, but at the beginning of the rain it was particularly heavy (60 mm/day). The test specimen to which meirase was added began to disintegrate with the rain on the third day, and on the fifth day it began to disintegrate.
As shown in the figure, it was disassembled into small pieces of 5 mm on each side. On the other hand, although the test specimen without the addition of maylase adhered closely to the soil surface, as shown in FIG. 9, no disintegration was observed. As described above, there was a significant difference in degradability between the products with and without meiselase. Therefore, the meiselase addition index in practical terms is 4 g-activity/m ² as the maximum addition amount, and in the following experiments, it is 1 to 2 g-activity/m ²
This will be considered. -1 Regarding the experiment using a vegetation zone The above experiment revealed the embrittling effect (improving water decomposition effect) of meiselase on the vegetation sheet 2.
has been clarified through previous experiments. Next, if the vegetation sheet 2 is constructed as a vegetation zone on the site, will it be possible to obtain the same effect? In other words, is there any effect of fertilizer? In order to comprehensively judge whether there were any negative effects, meiselase was added to the vegetation zone, and the mixture was laid out in the test area and the condition was observed. In addition, when adding meicelase, there are two possible methods: by impregnation and by mixing it in as a powder, and we also examined the characteristics of each method. -2 Structure of the vegetation zone and test site As shown in Figures 10 and 11, the test specimen, the vegetation zone 21 (no enzyme added), consists of a vegetation sheet 2 cut into 20 x 30 cm pieces with a seed layer 22 and a fertilizer layer. 2
It has a 5-layer structure with 3 sandwiched between them. Highland bentgrass (HBG) was used as the seed in the seed layer 22, and chemical fertilizer (N:P:K=10:10:10) was used as the fertilizer in the fertilizer layer 23. The holding amount is 1 g of seeds and 10 g of fertilizer, which is converted to 16.7 g of seeds and 167 g of fertilizer per 1 m ² . Incidentally, holes with a diameter of about 2 mm were made in advance in the vegetation sheet 2 at a rate of one hole per 1 cm ² (through holes only), and the holes were heat set in a grid pattern with a width of 5 mm at intervals of 5 x 4 cm. On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 12, the test area 24 has a total thickness of 9 cm, with pebbles 25 about 1 cm in diameter spread from the bottom to 1 cm, and on top of this pebbles 25 with a thickness of 4 cm.
It has a structure in which a layer of burnt pumice 26 cm thick is layered with a layer 27 of cactus culture soil 4 cm thick. In addition, cactus cultivation soil (sandy soil) at test site 24
The pH of layer 27 was 6.6 (5.3 when extracted with NaCl solution). -3 Experiment using impregnation method In an outdoor experiment using a vegetation zone, first, meicelase was added to the vegetation zone by an impregnation method. (a) Experimental method The method of adding meicelase was as follows:
Before creating, add 1% to 3-ply vegetation sheet 2.
Meiselase B solution 1g-activity/ ^m2 , 2g-
Vegetation sheet 2 was pre-impregnated with 1 g of activity/m ² and air-dried for 1 day ^.
Create vegetation zone ^B using
Create a vegetation zone C using the vegetation sheet, and create a vegetation zone A by soaking the vegetation sheet in water and then air-drying it for a day.
These vegetation zones A, ~, and C were constructed on the test site 24. (b) Progress

[Table] (c) Experimental results (Figures 13a, 13b, 14
(See Figures a and 14b) It rained for three consecutive days from the day after the start of the experiment, and the first day of the rainy weather had a relatively heavy rainfall of 20 mm. Five days later, it rained again, and all three types of vegetation zones A, ~, and C were covered in length 1 ~ along the longitudinal direction.
Several tears occurred at 2 cm (see Figure 13a). Also, on this day, vegetation zones B and C germinated so as to penetrate through the vegetation sheet, and the next day, vegetation zone A germinated in the same way (see Figure 14a). The experiment ended after 15 days, but at this point many fissures had occurred in the three types of vegetation zones A, ~, and C, and it was confirmed that the number of fissures increased in the order of vegetation zones A < B < C. (see Figure 13b). Note that this method is effective when the vegetation sheet is relatively thick and dense. That is, since the enzyme has penetrated into the fibrous layer, its effect can be quickly exerted by the infiltration of water, and the fibrous layer has the effect of preventing the enzyme from flowing out by capillary force. -4 Experiment using sheet surface addition In the above experiment, meiselase was added by impregnation method, but in this experiment, meiselase powder was added to the fertilizer layer 23.
A ``surface layer addition method'' was adopted in which the liquid was mixed into the water. The reason why it is mixed into the fertilizer layer 23 is that if it is added to the seed layer 22, it will become locally concentrated when there is a very small amount of rain, and there is a concern that it may have an adverse effect on the seeds. Further, the following advantages can be considered by mixing it into the fertilizer layer 23. Since the vegetation sheet 2 under the fertilizer layer 23 is the part least susceptible to the impact force of raindrops, it is expected that the overall water decomposition property will be improved by making this part brittle. Since the pH of the fertilizer used in the experiment was 5, the conditions were favorable for meicelase to act. It is relatively easy to spread a mixture of meicelase and a water-soluble fixative onto the vegetation sheet 2 using a printing roller, and the enzyme can be uniformly distributed. The embrittlement increases the adhesion of the lowermost vegetation sheet 2 to the soil. There is less runoff due to heavy rainfall. (a) Experimental method As shown in Table 8 below, 1g-activity/m ²
and a vegetation zone B′ in the form shown in FIG. 11 in which meiselase and fertilizer were mixed in advance so as to obtain an additive index of 2 g-activity/m ² ,
C' and a vegetation zone A' identical to the vegetation zone A described above were created, and these were constructed on the test site 24. The maylase used was "Maylase B powder."

[Table]

[Table] (c) Experimental results (Figures 15a to 15d, 16a
(See Figure 16d and Figures 17 and 18) This experiment was conducted from March to April, which was also a rainy season. No collapse was observed in all of the vegetation zones where a cumulative total of 43.5 mm of rain had fallen up to 16 days after construction (see Figures 15a and 15b). After 17 days, the entire vegetation zone started to collapse due to 20.5 mm of rain, and a clear difference in the state of collapse was observed between the cases with and without the addition of meiselase (see Figure 15c). In particular, at an addition index of 2g-activity/ ^m2 , the disintegration was severe, with many parts decomposed into small pieces, but some parts decomposed into fibers, and some parts were completely adhered to the soil surface. confirmed. After 30 days, 30% of the vegetation zone A', 50% of the vegetation zone B', and 70% of the vegetation zone C' collapsed (almost only the heat set part remained) (15th d).
(see figure). As shown in Figures 16a to 16d, germination occurred in the entire vegetation zone 18 days after construction, and although the subsequent growth was slightly faster in vegetation B', it can be concluded that the growth is almost the same. It was only a small amount. Looking at the growth distribution 20 days after germination, as shown in Figure 17, there is less variation in growth in vegetation zones B' and C' to which meicelase was added than in vegetation zone A'. In addition, the vegetation zones B′ and C′ with the addition of meiselase were
As shown in FIG. 18, the roots of HBG were similar to those in vegetation zone A' without the addition of maylase, and no particular abnormality was observed. Conclusion As is clear from the above explanation, the addition of cellulase (meicelase) to the vegetation zone is effective as a means of improving the water decomposition properties of the vegetation sheet 2 and the vegetation zone. The difference in water decomposition between those with and without cellulase tends to become apparent when there is a relatively large amount of rainfall exceeding 20 mm. The addition index is 1-2 g-activity/m ² for surface addition and 2-4 g-activity/m ² for impregnation.
is within the practical range. Both the impregnation method and the surface addition method can achieve embrittlement of the vegetation sheet with a low addition amount, and have no negative impact on peat moss or seed germination. It has the effect of promoting the reproduction of. Specifically, when rhizobia were cultured in a 10 g-active/m ² aqueous solution, 2.17 times the number of reproduction was obtained in 5 days, as shown in Table 10, compared to that without the addition.

[Table] We conducted another experiment on the effect of cellulase on peat moss, and found that 100g-activity/
When vegetation sheet ² was soaked at room temperature for 14 days with an addition index of m2, the residual rate was 68.5% (assuming that only the pulp was hydrolyzed, the residual rate was
65%), and the immersed cellulase solution had a slight brown color, so it is thought that the peat moss would not change up to a considerable addition index (a value that would be unrealizable due to high costs). (Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above explanation, the vegetation substrate according to the first invention, in which an enzyme involved in the decomposition of plant cell membranes is added to a vegetation sheet made of a vegetable organic soil conditioner and pulp, is water-resistant. By including cellulose in the pulp is hydrolyzed, the vegetation sheet becomes brittle and water decomposability is improved. Therefore, not only when the vegetation substrate itself is applied to the soil, but also when a vegetation belt composed of the above-mentioned vegetation substrate is applied to the soil, the vegetation substrate absorbs rainfall or moisture from the atmosphere and easily decomposes, improving the soil. Materials and fertilizers can be quickly supplied to the soil. Therefore, soil fertilization can be achieved early, and the growth of seeds can be promoted without inhibiting their germination and rooting. In addition, according to the second invention, a thick vegetation sheet,
Further, according to the third aspect of the invention, the enzyme can be effectively applied to each thin layer of the vegetation sheet.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the vegetation substrate according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a diagram of the manufacturing process of the vegetation substrate, Figure 3 is a diagram showing the characteristics of the filter paper disintegrating activity of cellulase, and Figure 4 is the avicelase activity of cellulase. Figure 5 is a diagram showing the characteristics of the vegetation sheet, Figure 6 is a diagram showing the cushioning properties of the vegetation sheet.
Figure 7 shows the dissolution rate when the vegetation sheet is wet, Figure 7 shows the rate of dissolution after drying the wet vegetation sheet again, and Figure 8 shows the decomposition status of the vegetation sheet impregnated with cellulase. Figure 9 is a diagram showing the decomposition state of a vegetation sheet without the addition of cellulase, Figure 10 is a plan view of the vegetation zone, Figure 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of the vegetation zone, and Figure 12 is a part of the test site. Partial sectional view, Figures 13a and 13b are plan views showing the collapsed state of the vegetation zone, Figures 14a and 14b are plan views showing the germination state of the vegetation zone, and Figures 15a to 15d are plane views showing the collapsed state of the vegetation zone. Figures 16a to 16d are plan views showing the germination state of the vegetation zone, Figure 17 is a diagram showing the growth state 20 days after germination, and Figure 18 is a diagram showing the rooting state of the plants. 1... Vegetation substrate, 2... Vegetation sheet, 3... Pulp, 4... Soil improvement material, 5... Enzyme layer, 6...
enzyme.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A vegetation substrate, characterized in that an enzyme involved in the decomposition of plant cell membrane substances is added to a vegetation sheet made from a vegetable organic soil improvement material and pulp. 2. A method for producing a vegetation substrate, which comprises impregnating a vegetation sheet made from a vegetable organic soil improvement material and pulp with an enzyme involved in the decomposition of plant cell membrane substances. 3. A method for producing a vegetation substrate, which comprises using a roller to spread enzymes involved in the decomposition of plant cell membrane substances onto a vegetation sheet made from a vegetable organic soil improvement material and pulp.