JPH043225B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a shredding machine that shreds medical waste such as syringes so that they cannot be used, and more specifically,
The present invention relates to a crusher that can disinfect objects to be crushed during crushing.

[Prior art]

Recently, disposable syringes made of plastic have come into widespread use, replacing glass syringes that must be sterilized and used repeatedly. This syringe has the advantage that it does not need to be sterilized after each use, and there is no risk of bacterial infection due to repeated use. However, on the other hand, the amount of syringes that must be disposed of has increased significantly. Now that stimulants have become a major social problem, used syringes must be promptly disposed of and rendered unusable. Therefore, as a solution to these issues,
Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 54-162192 proposes a "medical waste processing machine," and Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 55-78966 proposes a "method and apparatus for crushing medical instruments." The device disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 54-162192 is equipped with a crushing device for crushing medical waste and a disinfection device for disinfecting the crushed pieces. Furthermore, the device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-78966 is equipped with a crushing device for crushing medical waste and a sterilizing device for heating and sterilizing the crushed pieces.

[Problems with conventional technology]

However, the above-mentioned crushing device had the following problems. The medical waste disposal machine disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 54-162192 crushes the material to be processed into small pieces using striking pieces that rotate in a cylindrical body with a through hole in the lower surface. The structure is such that the crushed pieces fall through the through holes. According to this pulverization processing device, the syringe is pulverized to the point that it flows out of the through hole, so it is sufficient as a disposal method. However, there is a problem in that it takes a long time to crush the waste because the waste cannot be transferred to the next step unless it is agitated and pulverized until it flows out of the through holes. Furthermore, as is clear from the description, injection needles cannot be crushed. The crushing device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 55-78966 has a crushing device consisting of a group of rotating blades and a group of fixed blades. It is equipped with a porous screen. The waste syringes, needles, etc. are then crushed into fine particles while being stirred in the above-mentioned crushing device, and the finely divided waste flows down through the porous screen and is sent to the next process. . This pulverization processing device is also sufficient as a disposal method because syringes, needles, etc. are reduced to fine particles until they fall through the porous screen. However, the problem is that it takes a long time to crush the waste because the waste cannot be transferred to the next step unless it is agitated and pulverized by the crushing device until it flows through the porous screen. This is similar to the case of the waste disposal machine described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 54-162192. All of the crushing devices are designed to crush or crush medical waste by impacting it with a crushing body that rotates at high speed. For this reason, it makes a lot of noise during operation and is not suitable for use in quiet hospitals. The former type of disinfection device uses an electromagnet-driven pump to spray the chemical solution, but it requires an electrical control unit, making the mechanism complicated and lacking in reliability. In addition, with the latter sterilizer, since the shredded material is at a high temperature after heat treatment, there are restrictions on the material of the containers and bags that receive the shredded material, and the temperature must be lowered to avoid danger when disposing of the shredded material. Processing is cumbersome as it requires

[Purpose of the invention]

The inventor believes that the crushing treatment of syringes, needles, etc.
The present invention was completed based on the realization that this objective can be achieved by making it impossible to reuse. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a crusher for syringes, etc., which can reliably render used syringes, needles, etc. unusable in a short time, and also sterilizes them.

[Structure of the invention]

The configuration of the present invention taken to solve the above problems is as follows. That is, the present invention is a shredding machine for medical waste such as syringes, and this shredding machine includes: a chemical solution spraying device; an input chute; disposed below the input chute, and arranged in parallel at a required interval. A feeding roller having a roller; A crushing roller that crushes a syringe, etc. to make it easier to cut, which is arranged below this feeding roller and has rollers arranged in parallel at a required interval; Below this crushing roller a cutting roller for cutting a syringe, etc., which has rollers that are arranged and arranged in parallel at a required interval; the drug dispersing device includes a base that can be attached to a crusher; The feed roller includes a cam interlocked with a drive gear, and a pump operated by an elevating rod that moves in contact with the cam. The crushing roller has circumferential grooves parallel to the circumferential direction of both rollers, and the cutting roller includes a roller with a smooth circumferential surface and a roller with the crushing roller on the circumferential surface. It consists of a roller with a cutting blade that intersects with the feeding direction of the roller, and both rollers are arranged so that the circumferential surface and the cutting blade are in contact with each other or have a slight gap between them.Equipped with a chemical spraying device. This is a shredding machine for medical waste. The medicinal solution may be sprayed anywhere before, during or after crushing with a syringe or the like.

【Example】

The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the chemical spraying device, Figure 3 is a perspective view of the feeding guide, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1, and Figure 5 is a perspective view of the chemical spraying device.
The figure shows the arrangement of the feed rollers of the crusher. The syringe crusher A includes a base frame 20, a cutting unit 1 attached to the base frame 20 that compresses and cuts syringes, injection needles, drip needles, etc., and a drive motor M that drives them. The base frame 20 is a metal frame body with casters 4 at its lower part, and side plates 11 and 11a are erected at the upper part of the base frame 20 at a required interval. A charging chute 1 is installed at the top of the side plates 11 and 11a.
9 is installed, and a chemical solution spraying device 5 is installed adjacent to the input chute 19. Here, the structure of the chemical liquid spraying device 5 will be explained with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 5 denotes a chemical spraying device, which includes a base 50, a drive gear 52, a cam 53, and a pump 55. A bearing portion 51 having a U-shape in plan view is integrally formed at the lower part of the base 50 . A fixed shaft 9 is attached to the bearing portion 51.
The drive gear 52 and the cam 53 are rotatably supported by the shaft. The drive gear 52 and the cam 53 are connected side by side so as to move as one. The drive gear 52 meshes with a gear of a gear transmission mechanism G to be described later, and the cam 53 in this embodiment has a water drop shape with one protruding portion. A lifting rod support bracket 54 projects from the top of the base 50. A through hole (not shown) is formed in the lifting rod support bracket 54. Note that reference numeral 65 is a bolt hole for attachment. The pump 55 is made of rubber and has the same structure as that used, for example, to squirt out windshield fluid in automobiles by pushing it with your finger.
The upper part is provided with an inlet 59 and an outlet 60, and tubes 61 and 62 are attached to each. A suction tool 63 and a dispersion tool 64 are provided at the tips of the tubes 61 and 62. At the bottom of the pump 55, there is provided a lifting rod 57 which has a press plate 570 at its upper end and operates the pump 55, and a roller 58 that is in constant contact with the cam 53 is attached to the tip of the lifting rod 57. . The pump 55 has a lifting rod 57 inserted into the through hole of the lifting rod support bracket 54, and is held between the lifting rod support bracket 54 and a support 56. A guide groove 572 is formed in the lifting rod 57, and the tip of the guide screw 66 attached through the lifting rod support bracket 54 is inserted into the guide groove 57.
2 to prevent the lifting rod 57 from rotating. The chemical spraying device 5 is installed such that a drive gear 52 meshes with one of the gears of a gear transmission mechanism G, which will be described later. The suction tool 63 of the chemical spraying device 5 is arranged in a chemical tank T installed on a part of the outer surface of the case C of the syringe crusher A, and the spraying tool 64 is arranged above the input chute 19. This ensures that the necessary amount of disinfectant (bactericidal agent, deodorant,
A mixture of anti-corrosion agents, etc.) can be sprayed into a syringe, etc. In addition, since a syringe or the like will be sufficiently crushed if it falls vertically, there is a loading guide 1 above the loading chute 19 so that the syringe can fall vertically.
90 are installed. The input guide 190 has an inclined plate provided with a required number of grooves 191 and 192, as shown in FIG. A slightly wider groove 191 is for a syringe, and a slightly narrower groove 192 is for a needle. Three pairs of rollers are rotatably supported below the input chute 19 by bearing members 12, 12a, 13, and 13a attached to the outside of the side plates 11 and 11a. Please refer to FIG. The upper stage is the feed roller 14, which is made up of rollers 141 and 142 arranged in parallel, each of which has a continuous circumferential groove 158 formed therein. The rollers 141 and 142 are symmetrically eccentric, and the gap between the rollers 141 and 142 changes during rotation. The middle stage is a crushing roller 15, and a bearing member 13,
Roller 15 is pivotally supported on the upper stage of roller 13a and arranged in parallel.
1,152, and a circumferential groove 158 is continuously formed in the rollers 151, 152. In addition, although the rollers 141, 142, 151, and 152 are formed with hook grooves 143 evenly distributed at four locations in the axial direction, the number of hook grooves 143 is arbitrary. The gap between the rollers 151 and 152 is set such that they are sandwiched so that the syringe or the like can be crushed and subsequently cut smoothly. Note that the relationship between the circumferential groove 158 and the convex portion 159 of the rollers 151 and 152 is such that they are opposed to each other, as shown in FIG. (The rollers 141, 142
According to this, the syringe, etc. is sandwiched between the opposing circumferential grooves 158 and sent to the next cutting roller 16 in an upright state, so it is more likely to be A sufficient cutting area can be obtained. The lower stage is the cutting roller 16, and the bearing members 13, 13
Rollers 161, 1 that are pivotally supported and arranged in parallel on the lower stage of a
Consists of 62. One roller 161 is a roller with a smooth circumferential surface. The other roller 162 has an arbitrary number of cutting blades 163 formed on its outer periphery. Cutting blade 16
The direction 3 is substantially perpendicular to the feeding direction by the pressing and dipping roller 15. And the cutting blade 163
The gap between the tip of the roller 161 and the circumferential surface of the roller 161 is set to be small. A gear 169 is attached to the shaft end of either the roller 162 or the roller 161, and the drive gear 170 of the drive motor M installed at the top of the base frame 20
Driven by In addition, each roller 141, 142, 151, 15
2, 161, and 162 are adapted to rotate in a predetermined direction by a series of gear transmission mechanisms G. Note that the rotational speed of each roller can be set arbitrarily. A lower chute 17 is installed below the cutting roller 16, and a receiving box 3 is provided below the lower chute 17. Function The function of this embodiment will be explained. (1) Activate the drive motor M and insert the syringe with the needle attached into the injection chute 19 along the groove 191 of the injection guide 190. In addition, when crushing only the injection needle, groove part 1
92 into the charging chute 19. (2) The drive gear 52 of the chemical spraying device 5 is driven by the rotation of the gear of the gear transmission mechanism G, and the cam 53
The rotation of the lift rod 57 moves up and down, and the pump 55 is activated. With this, the chemical solution tank T
The chemical solution inside is sprayed from the spray tool 64 to disinfect the syringe and the like. (3) The inserted and sterilized syringe is bitten by the sending roller 14 which swings and rotates due to eccentricity, and is sent to the crushing roller 15 below.
The feed roller 14 easily bites even a large syringe and crushes it into a small size due to its oscillating rotation, so that it can be easily bitten by the crushing roller below. (4) The syringe is erected by the circumferential groove 158 of the crushing roller 15, is pushed down so that it can be easily cut, and is sent to the cutting roller 16 below. (5) The sent syringe is cut into small pieces by the cutting roller 16 and passed through the lower chute 17 to the foil receiver 3.
sent to. The crushed material accommodated in the foil receiver 3 is then discarded or incinerated. Note that the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and the series of operations described above can be automated using various known techniques. Note that the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims.

【Effect of the invention】

The present invention has the above configuration and has the following effects. (1) The crushing chamber is equipped with a feed roller in which one or both rollers are installed eccentrically so that the distance between the circumferential surfaces of both rollers changes during rotation, and the crushed material fed between the rollers installed in parallel. It is equipped with a pressing roller that pinches and crushes the object and sends it out, and a cutting roller that cuts the object to be crushed that is sent from the crushing roller. It has a roller with cutting blades formed to cross the direction, and a roller with a smooth peripheral surface. Therefore, the objects to be crushed, such as syringes, are
First, the material is sent to the compression roller below by an eccentrically rotating feed roller, but the distance between the feed rollers changes as it becomes wider or narrower. Can hold Ringer's solution containers etc. without strain. Next, when the object is sent by the crushing roller, the object to be crushed is erected by the circumferential groove, so the direction of the object is almost fixed, and the object is sent downward while being pushed. Finally, when cutting with the cutting roller,
The feed direction of the crushing roller and the direction of the cutting roller's cutting blade intersect, and one side of the cutting roller's circumferential surface is smooth, so the blade does not shift, so even thin injection needles can be cut reliably. and crushed. In this way, the crushing process of the material to be crushed is not carried out in the crushing chamber with repeated stirring until it becomes fine particles, but is completed with a flow in only one direction: input from one side and discharge from the other. For,
Shredded materials can be processed in a short time. (2) Unlike crushing or crushing medical waste by hitting it with a crusher that rotates at high speed,
In order to cut and crush the material by crushing it with a roller,
Low noise during operation makes it suitable for use in hospitals where quietness is required. (3) The disinfection device is mechanical, and unlike electromagnet-driven pumps, it does not require an electrical control unit and has a simple mechanism, making it highly reliable. In addition, with products equipped with a disinfection function using high-heat sterilization, the shredded material is at a high temperature, so there are restrictions on the material of containers and bags that can receive the shredded material, and the temperature must be lowered to avoid danger when disposing of the shredded material. However, in the present invention, there is no need for such troubles and the process is easy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the chemical spraying device, Figure 3 is a perspective view of the feeding guide, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1, and Figure 5 is a perspective view of the chemical spraying device.
The figure shows the arrangement of the feed rollers of the crusher. A: Injection crusher, 5: Chemical spraying device, 50: Base, 53: Cam, 55: Pump, 57: Lifting rod, M: Motor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A shredding machine for medical waste such as syringes, which shredder includes: a chemical solution spraying device; an input chute; disposed below the input chute, and arranged in parallel at a required interval. A feeding roller having a roller that is arranged below the feeding roller; A crushing roller that crushes a syringe, etc. to make it easier to cut the syringe, which is arranged below the feeding roller and has rollers arranged in parallel at a required interval; Below the crushing roller a cutting roller for cutting a syringe, etc., which has rollers arranged in parallel at a required interval; and the drug dispersing device includes a base that can be attached to a crusher, and a pivot support on the base. a cam interlocked with a driven gear, and a pump operated by an elevating rod that moves in contact with the cam; Both rollers are provided eccentrically, the crushing roller is provided with circumferential grooves parallel to the circumferential direction of both rollers, and the cutting roller is provided with a roller with a smooth circumferential surface and a roller with a smooth circumferential surface, and a circumferential groove parallel to the circumferential direction of both rollers. It consists of a roller with a cutting blade that intersects with the feeding direction of the crushing roller, and both rollers are equipped with a chemical liquid dispersion device that is arranged so that the peripheral surface and the cutting blade are in contact with each other or have a slight gap between them. Medical waste shredding machine.