JPH0433560B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an automatic welding and finishing device for discontinuous welds.

(Prior art) Conventionally, when multiple objects to be welded cannot have their respective welds lined up consecutively and there is a space in the middle of the weld line, or even if there is a single object to be welded, the weld line If there is a break in the welding process, it is common for the operator to intermittent welding when running a normal automatic welding machine (apart from welding robots).
Even though sensors may be attached to replace workers for mass production, finishing the weld bead is a separate process.

At a factory where the back and front panels of steel doors are butt welded on both sides, in order to avoid distortion due to welding, workers use a semi-automatic arc welder to do spot welding at intervals of about 10 cm, and then use a sander (hand-held grinder) to do the spot welding. For finishing, putty is applied to the butt parts that will not be melted, and the entire surface is painted on top of that.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In order to perform automatic welding and bead deletion all at once, there are two problems:
There is a problem with the finished surface detection and adjustment means attached to the bead grinding device. The former detects the presence or absence of a weld, even if there is some vertical or horizontal deviation in the weld.
Due to the principle of arc welding, welding can be performed without any problems. However, by removing only the latter, that is, the weld bead,
The position of the grinding machine must be precisely controlled in order to finish the base material flat without cutting the surface as much as possible. In particular, the welds of thin plate products such as steel doors are not only discontinuous, but also have heights at the same weld line, differences in height from the next weld line, thermal distortion during welding, etc. The difficulty is that the strength must not be lowered.

This invention has solved the above-mentioned difficult problems with the simplest configuration.

(Means for Solving the Problems) 1 of the automatic welding and finishing apparatus of the present invention is such that when a sensor attached just before the torch of an automatic arc welding machine traveling along a welding line detects the starting end of a welding part, energization is applied. A welding intermittent device that feeds out the welding wire and stops feeding when the end of the weld is detected, and a guide roller that rests on the side of the weld bead before and after the rotary blade for cutting the weld bead that runs after the torch. are assembled together, and the cutting device is movable only in the direction perpendicular to the plane in which the tread surfaces of both rollers and the cutting surface of the rotary blade are aligned. It is constantly pushed out along the moving guide surface and received at the standby position, and as the welding machine advances, when the guide roller on the front side reaches the end of the base material beside the starting end of the welding part, the roller moves the entire cutting device. The cutting device is equipped with a pressurizing and supporting mechanism that allows the cutting device to move from the standby position to the side of the weld while pushing it back. The maximum concave error and distortion of the front roller are larger than the distortion, and the front roller has an outer diameter that can overcome the error without delay.

The automatic welding and finishing device 2 of the present invention is an automatic welding and finishing device that continuously butt-welds the front and back plates of a metal door at both side edges and finishes the same, and has left and right underframes whose spacing can be adjusted according to the width of the door. The temporarily welded door material is laid horizontally between these underframes, and the entire length of the left and right side edges is compressed from above and below. Clamping devices are installed on each of the underframes and are movable up and down inside each of the above clamping devices. A door material temporary receiving mechanism, each pair of door material positioning arms also mounted on the outside so that they can be raised and lowered, a running platform that runs along the material side on the outside of each of the left and right clamp devices, and on each of the running platforms, on the above side. The automatic arc welding machine includes an automatic arc welding torch that goes toward the edge weld, and a weld bead cutting device, and the welding torch has a welding intermittent device using a weld sensor just before the welding torch, and the cutting device rides beside the side edge weld. Raising and descending guide rollers are integrally assembled at the front and rear of the rotary cutter, and are movable only in the direction perpendicular to the plane in which the treads of both rollers and the cutting surface of the rotary cutter are aligned, and the above-mentioned riding is possible using the pressure and support mechanism. The step between the standby position and the side base metal surface for welding is larger than the maximum concave step and strain of the front welding part, and the front roller moves the step without delay. It is characterized by an outer diameter that allows it to be climbed on.

(Function) In this invention, a cutting device is attached to the rear of an arc welding torch equipped with a sensor that detects the start and end of a weld, and the welding torch is guided forward and backward by a rotary blade while welding discontinuous welds one after another. A cutting device equipped with a roller rides the guide roller on the side of the bead that has just been welded, creating an ideal bead finish where the cutting surface of the rotating blade always matches the surface of the base material beside the bead, which is the tread surface of the guide roller. conduct.

In addition, this invention assembles the rotary cutter integrally with the front and rear guide rollers, and as an ideal concrete measure to run the blade on the side of the bead every time it reaches the welding part, these tools are constantly moved to the planned run-up surface by cutting pressure. Park it in the standby position pushed out a few millimeters more,
The step difference between the finished surface and the standby position is made larger than the maximum dent error and distortion of all welded parts, and a guide roller with an outer diameter that can ride over the step without delay is used.
Even if the base material is the most concave due to a manufacturing error or board distortion, the cutting surface at the standby position will be on the front side of the roller tread, so the cutting device will be able to protrude by the amount of the concavity and cut flat.

In addition, the above invention is applied to a device for finishing the front and back plates of metal doors by continuous butt welding on both side edges, and the clamping device can handle door materials of various sizes and prevents welding deformation by narrowing the entire length of both side edges of the material. By adding a temporary material receiving mechanism, a positioning arm, and a traveling mechanism for the welding torch and cutting device, we have presented a device that is well-organized and can perform everything from material attachment to welding, finishing, and removal efficiently.

(Example) Fig. 1 shows an example of the device of this invention, in which 1 is a welding torch, 2 is a sensor for detecting a welded part attached immediately before the torch, 3 is a cutting device, and an end mill 4 is mounted on a tool post 6. Immediately after that, guide rollers 5, 5a are attached. The tool rest 6 with the cutting device 3 attached is the fifth
As shown in the figure, it rests on the sliding surface of the traveling table 7 and is pushed out to a standby position for cutting by the fluid pressure cylinder 8, or is retreated to a place where it does not interfere with the loading and unloading of the workpiece. . When the front and rear guide rollers 5 ride up to the side of the welding part, the tool rest 6 is pushed back by the difference in level.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 has started welding the starting end of the welding part of the workpiece A to be welded. The cutting device 3 has not yet run onto the welded workpiece A, but after moving a little further, the lower part of the front guide roller 5 hits the end of the base material beside the welding beat B, and the cutting surface, that is, the guide rollers 5, 5a.
Climb up the step h between the tread and the base metal surface beside the bead. This step h must be slightly larger than either the maximum concave error or strain over the entire length of the welded part, so that there is no place that cannot be cut. Unlike machined products, welded parts of welded products have large manufacturing errors and installation errors, and there is also a large possibility of welding distortion, so the above-mentioned step difference can be as much as 3 to 5 mm.

When this step is large, if you try to climb onto it using a small guide roller, the reaction force that increases the friction between the tool rest 6 and the sliding surface on the running platform 7 side, which are integrated with it, is large, so you will not be able to climb onto it and will be unable to run. Either the vehicle stalls or the reaction force causes the vehicle to stop and then ride over the vehicle, resulting in defective welds. Therefore, the designer calculates the height difference of the weld over the entire length of the discontinuous weld,
By anticipating the amount of strain, the standby position of the cutting device 3 and the step between the upper surfaces are designed to be larger, and the diameter is large enough to have almost no effect on the advancing speed of the welding torch 1 when climbing over the step. An important trick is to use the guide roller 5.

Next, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to melting a metal door will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6. D, indicated by a chain line in Fig. 3, is a metal door material, which is finished by continuous butt welding of front and back steel plates at both edges. Material D is hand welded in advance to temporarily attach the front and back plates.

The main parts of this embodiment are: left and right underframes 10, 11 whose spacing can be adjusted according to the width of the door (in this example, only the underframe 11 moves on the rail 12); both underframes 10; , Lay the door material D horizontally between 11 and compress the entire length of the left and right side edges from above and below.
Clamp devices 13 on each of the underframes 10 and 11,
13. Door material temporary receiving mechanisms 14, 14 mounted on the inside so that they can be raised and lowered, and each pair of door material positioning arms 15, 1 that are also mounted on the outside so that they can be raised and lowered.
5. Traveling platforms 7, 7 running along the side edges of the material D on the outside of the left and right clamping devices 13, 13, automatic arc welding machine torch 1 directed toward the side edge welding section on each traveling platform 7, bead cutting device It is 3rd prize.

The clamping device 13 moves a pedestal 13b that receives the entire side edge of the material D from below, and a gate-shaped frame 13c in which hydraulic cylinders for the rolled material (cross material) 13a are arranged in a row above the underframes 10 and 11 toward the inner side. The rails 22 of the traveling platforms 7 are laid out on the outside. Also frame 1
Welding machine 1a with a wire reel on the upper surface of the center part of 3c
The heavy conduit tube 17 up to the moving welding torch 1 is hung on a hook 18 with a pulley that is suspended so that it can slide freely, and the tube is moved along a horizontal rail 19 set high above the frame 13c. The equipment is designed so that the running speed of platform 7 is not obstructed by conduit tubes.

The left side of FIG. 3 shows a state in which the material D has been slid onto the receiving ball of the temporary receiving mechanism 14, the positioning arm 15 is erected, and the underframes 10 and 11 are brought close to each other, and the right side of the figure shows the temporary receiving mechanism 14, the positioning arm 15 is lowered, the rolling member 13a is lowered, the entire length of the side edge is clamped, and the end mill 4 is shown cutting. Reference numeral 16 denotes an end mill drive motor, which in this example is started by a signal from a computer and is stopped when the rear guide roller gets off the workpiece A to be welded.

FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of the traveling platform 7 viewed from above. When the sensor 2 rotates, a mechanism that operates a micro switch 20 for controlling welding wire feeding through a rod, an operation that retracts the tool rest 6, and a fluid pressure cylinder 8a that pushes it to a standby position and applies a cutting force are shown. There is.

FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view of the material temporary receiving mechanism 14 provided inside the clamp device pedestal 13b and the positioning arm 15 provided outside. The former is raised and lowered by rotating levers 21 attached to both ends of its entire length by a fluid pressure cylinder 8b, while the latter is located at two intermediate positions on the pedestal 13b and raised and lowered by being rotated by a fluid pressure cylinder 8c. Both mechanisms significantly simplified welding preparation work.

In addition, this embodiment device automatically positions the distance between the left and right underframes using a computer in response to steel door materials of various sizes, and once the material is slid onto the ball of the temporary receiving mechanism 14, its positioning, clamping, and Welding and cutting finish are performed fully automatically, and welding automatically stops at the recessed part on the side edge of the door for attaching the handle, restarts, and continues, and when it passes the end of the weld, welding and cutting stop, and the torch and cutting device are turned off. evacuates and returns to the starting position. Of course, without returning the material, the direction of the torch and cutting device is changed, and the next material is welded in the opposite direction.
It may also be cut.

Experimental results using this example device show that it takes only 3 to 4 minutes, compared to 20 minutes for conventional manual spot welding and sanding, and eliminates the welding deformation that is feared in full-length welding of thin plate products. , which can be prevented by full-length clamping, resulting in full-length welds and fully machined high-quality welds and finishes. In the case of conventional stepping-stone welded steel doors, the amount of welding is small, but this may be because the clamp can be removed quickly due to sanding.
However, this invention has shown that even if the entire length is welded, there will be no distortion if the weld is completely constrained.

Workers do not have to bend over to weld with a manual arc or inhale dust from the sander, so they do not need to be skilled and can increase productivity.

Even if it is limited to welding and finishing equipment for steel doors, it goes without saying that the embodiments of this invention can be varied and applied in various ways depending on the well-known technology of the designer in charge. It is also easy to reverse the form of the above embodiment in which . Note that rotary cutters are not limited to end mills, but the cutting edge of ordinary cutters tends to chip when welding spatters occur.

(Effects of the Invention) This invention completely welds the welded parts which are discontinuous and are not exactly aligned in a straight line by intermittent arcing by itself, and during the welding process, the parts are welded flatly in line with the surface of the base material beside the weld bead. We succeeded in completely automating cutting, a task that was thought to only be possible by hand.

A sensor is attached just before the welding machine torch to detect the start of the weld and control the feeding and stopping of the welding wire.The wire hits the start of the weld and creates an arc, and the wire stops just before reaching the end, causing an arc. The length increases, filling the molten pool and completing the welding.

Since the cutting device uses a rotating blade instead of a conventional sander, it can be installed in a narrow space, provides powerful and fast finishing, does not generate dust, and does not need to be adapted to changes in outer diameter like a grindstone. . In particular, if an end mill is used, it can be used for a long period of time.

A rotary cutter is a tool used in a strong and highly precise device such as a milling machine, but in this invention, it is fixed to a tool rest that is integrated with front and rear guide rollers, and in the above embodiment, the tool rest is a tool that is attached to a running platform slide. Since it moves forward and backward along the moving surface, it was shown that irregular usage like this invention is possible as long as the welded object is securely fixed.

The treads of the front and rear guide rollers are fixed so that they match the cutting surface of the rotary blade, and the cutting force is used to push them to the standby position, and the welding part is cut by riding on the side of the bead at the beginning of the weld. Not only does it ensure that the bead is finished at the same level as the surface of the base material, but
Can adapt to changes in height of the welded part.

In addition, metal door side edge welding to which this invention is applied,
The finishing device eliminates the conventional method of hiding flying stone welds with paint, automatically welds the entire weld length, and does not cause distortion even when finishing, and furthermore, it can handle everything from material charging, clamping, welding, finishing, and unclamping. We have demonstrated that everything can be done efficiently and fully automatically.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of one embodiment of this invention, Fig. 2 is also an explanatory diagram of the usage situation, Fig. 3 is an elevational view of an embodiment of the steel door side edge welding and finishing device according to the invention, and Fig. 4 is the same. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the carriage, and FIG. 6 is an elevational view showing one side of the clamping device and its attached mechanism. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Torch, 2... Sensor, 3... Cutting device, 4... End mill, 6... Turret, 7... Travel stand, 8... Fluid pressure cylinder, 10, 11... Underframe, 13... ...Clamp device, 14...Door material temporary receiving mechanism, 15...Positioning arm.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. When a sensor attached just before the torch of an automatic arc welding machine traveling along a welding line detects the starting end of the welding part, the energized welding wire is fed out, and when the end of the welding part is detected, the welding wire is fed out. A welding intermittent device configured to stop the welding bead, and a guide roller that rests on the side of the weld bead are assembled together before and after the rotary blade for cutting the weld bead that runs after the torch, and the treads of both rollers and the cutting blade of the rotary blade are assembled together. A cutting device movable only in a direction perpendicular to the plane coincident with the plane, and the cutting device is constantly pushed along the sliding guide surface by fluid pressure serving as a cutting force and is received in a standby position. As the welding machine advances, when the guide roller on the front side reaches the end of the base material beside the starting end of the welding part, the roller pushes back the entire cutting device and rides up to the side of the welding part from the standby position. The level difference between the above-mentioned standby position and the base metal surface beside the starting end of the weld is larger than the maximum concavity error and strain of all the welds, and the above-mentioned front side An automatic welding and finishing device characterized in that the roller has an outer diameter that allows it to ride over the above-mentioned steps without delay. 2 Automatic welding and finishing equipment that continuously butt-welds the front and back plates of metal doors on both sides and finishes them, with left and right underframes whose spacing can be adjusted according to the width of the door, and a door temporarily welded between these underframes. A clamp device on each of the above-mentioned underframes, which lays the material horizontally and compresses the entire length of the left and right side edges from above and below, and a door material temporary receiving mechanism installed on the inside of each of the above clamp devices so that it can be raised and lowered, and a mechanism that can also be raised and lowered on the outside. a pair of door material positioning arms that can be attached to each other; a traveling platform that runs along the side edge of the material on the outside of each of the left and right clamp devices; and an automatic arc welding machine torch that runs on each of the traveling platforms toward the side edge welding part. , a welding bead cutting device, the welding torch has a welding intermittent device using a welding part sensor just before the welding torch, and the cutting device rides up beside the side edge welding part and moves a guide roller that comes down from the front and back of the rotary cutter. It is assembled integrally with the roller, is movable only in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which both roller treads and the cutting surface of the rotary blade are aligned, and is held in the above-mentioned standby position where it can be run over by a pressure and support mechanism, The difference in level between the standby position and the base metal surface beside the welding part is larger than the maximum dent error and strain of all the welded parts, and the front roller has an outer diameter that can ride over the difference in level without delay. automatic welding and finishing equipment.