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JPH0435135B2 - - Google Patents
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JPH0435135B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0435135B2
JPH0435135B2 JP1141253A JP14125389A JPH0435135B2 JP H0435135 B2 JPH0435135 B2 JP H0435135B2 JP 1141253 A JP1141253 A JP 1141253A JP 14125389 A JP14125389 A JP 14125389A JP H0435135 B2 JPH0435135 B2 JP H0435135B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
feed
flounder
fish
broodstock
eggs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP1141253A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH037546A (en
Inventor
Tsutomu Sato
Atsushi Matsumoto
Masaaki Takeuchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nichimo Co Ltd
Nisshin Seifun Group Inc
KH Neochem Co Ltd
Nissui Corp
Hoko Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd
Nichimo Co Ltd
Nisshin Seifun Group Inc
Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd
Hoko Suisan Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd, Nichimo Co Ltd, Nisshin Seifun Group Inc, Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd, Hoko Suisan Co Ltd filed Critical Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority to JP1141253A priority Critical patent/JPH037546A/en
Publication of JPH037546A publication Critical patent/JPH037546A/en
Publication of JPH0435135B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0435135B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

Landscapes

  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は種苗生産を目的として飼育するヒラメ
親魚を対象としたヒラメ親魚用飼料に関するもの
である。 〔従来の技術〕 従来、ヒラメの種苗生産においては、3〜4年
を経た多数の育成魚の中から成長の良い大型サイ
ズの親魚候補を選んで育成し、更にこの中から親
魚にする魚を選んで産卵させて来た。これらヒラ
メ親魚の育成においては餌料、温度、光量、内分
泌制御、ストレス制御、群構造等種々の要素がか
らむものであるが、自然産卵による採卵が可能と
なつていることから、良質な卵すなわち総採卵
量、浮上卵率、受精率、孵化率等が優れ、形態異
常のない卵を大量に採るための重要な課題の一つ
はヒラメ親魚に給餌する飼料の内容および形態で
あるとされている。 そして、ヒラメ親魚の育成において給餌する飼
料としては従来アジ、イワシ、サバ、イカナゴ等
の生鮮魚あるいは冷凍魚をミンチにしたものや細
断したもの、またはミンチ肉に粉末の配合飼料を
加えて造粒したモイスト飼料等を用い、更に各種
ビタミン特にビタミンEやミネラル類を強化した
飼料を用いて来たが、満足できるような良質な卵
を大量に採るに至つていない状況にある。 一方、魚類の飼料におけるリン脂質の使用とし
ては、人工配合飼料にリン脂質を添加したアユの
稚仔魚用飼料が知られ(特公昭61−27030号)、ま
た人工配合飼料に3〜9%リン脂質を添加したヒ
ラメの稚仔魚用飼料(特公昭61−43977号)が知
られているが、これらはいずれも孵化後の稚仔魚
を対象とした飼料であり、稚仔魚の成長が良く奇
形などの発生が少なく、生存率の高い稚仔魚を得
ることを目的としているものであり、親魚用飼料
についての報告は従来何もない。 〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕 ヒラメの種苗生産に用いる親魚は使用できるま
で長い養成期間がかかり、日々の飼育管理に携わ
る労力も大きい。供与する餌料も生鮮魚や冷凍魚
をミンチし、これにビタミンやミネラルの混合物
を秤量し添加しなければならない。従つて、浮上
卵率、受精率、孵化率が高い良質な卵、しかも形
態異常のない卵を親魚1個体当たり少しでも多く
採卵できることが望まれている。 本発明はこれらの難点をヒラメ親魚に与える飼
料の面より解決しようとするものである。 すなわち、上記したようにヒラメの稚仔魚用飼
料にリン脂質を3〜9%添加することは公知のこ
とであるが、ヒラメ親魚用飼料にリン脂質を混入
してヒラメ親魚を育成すると、驚くべきことに良
質な卵すなわち総採卵量、浮上卵率、受精率、孵
化率等が優れ、形態異常のない卵を大量に採るこ
とができることが本発明者らにより初めて見出さ
れたのである。 〔課題を解決するための手段〕 本発明は、上記した発見に基づいてなされたも
のであつて、本発明は粉体飼料中にリン脂質を5
〜20%混入したことを特徴とするヒラメ親魚用飼
料である。 本発明で用いるリン脂質は生物を構成する細胞
の種々の膜系を構成する主要な脂質であり、例え
ば、卵黄や大豆などに含まれている。本発明にお
いて使用するリン脂質としては、グリセロリン脂
質、スフインゴリン脂質のいずれも用いられるが
通称レシチンといわれるリ脂質すなわち卵黄レシ
チン、大豆リシチン等が特に好適なものとして使
用される。 これらリシチンはペースト状のものでもよく、
またこれらを噴霧乾燥などにより粉末化した粉末
状レシチンでもよい。 リン脂質を混入するヒラメ親魚用飼料としては
粉末状の配合飼料でもよく、また小麦グルテン、
CMC、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、アルギン酸
ナトリウム、グアーガム、アルフアー澱粉などの
粘結剤を配合したモイスト用粉末飼料でもよい。
また、これら飼料は水あるいはアジ、イワシ、サ
バ、イカナゴ、エビ、イカ等の生餌を混合して造
粒したモイストペレツト飼料とするものである。 次にヒラメ親魚用飼料に上記リン脂質を混入す
る添加量は、使用する原料、モイスト用粉末飼料
と生餌との配合割合等により任意に選択すること
ができるが、余り少ないとヒラメ親魚より良好な
卵を採取するまでに到らず、また多すぎてもそれ
ほどの効果が期待できないうえ油分による水質の
汚れなどをまねくのでモイスト用粉末飼料中にリ
ン脂質を5〜20%程度の混入量範囲とするのが好
ましい。また、生餌を混合してモイストペレツト
を造粒したヒラメ親魚用飼料モイストペレツト中
にはリン脂質2.5〜3.5%程度混入させるようにす
るのが望ましい。 リン脂質のヒラメ親魚用飼料への混入手段とし
ては、粉末状のヒラメ親魚用飼料あるいはモイス
ト用粉末飼料の製造の適当な工程で添加すればよ
い。また添加方法の変形としてモイストペレツト
飼料の調餌の際に添加することも可能である。 〔実施例〕 魚粉55%、小麦粉24%、米糠油粕10%、大豆油
粕3%、コーングルテンミール2%、ミネラル類
3%、ビタンミン類2%、粘結剤1%からなる海
産魚用モイスト用粉末飼料に粉末状の大豆レシチ
ン(レシチン含有70%)を14.3%添加し、粉末飼
料中にレシチンが約10%となるようにした。 次に、生餌であるアジ2部、イカ1部、エビ1
部をミートチヨツパーでミンチにし、上記モイス
ト用粉末飼料2部と市販の海産魚用ビタミン強化
飼料(日本農産工業製マリンメイト)0.2部と市
販の魚用総合ビタミン剤1部とを混合し、モイス
トペレツターにより6mm径のヒラメ親魚用モイス
トペレツト飼料を得た。 また、対照飼料として上記の海産魚用モイスト
用粉末飼料にレシチンを添加しないこと以外は上
記ヒラメ親魚用モイスペレツト飼料と同様にして
レシチン無添加の対照飼料を得た。 次に、1魚平均2421gのヒラメ親魚(4年魚)
56尾を28尾づつ(雌16尾、雄12尾)2区に分け、
直径8m、深さ2m、実水量60m2の水槽にて飼育
し、上記飼料を給餌して約3ケ月間産卵試験に供
した。水は濾過した海水を使用し給餌量は0.3〜
1.5Kg/日とした。 試験開始40日後、48日後および59日後における
ヒラメ親魚からの採卵結果は第1表の通りであ
る。
[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to feed for broodstock of flounder, which is intended for broodstock of flounder raised for the purpose of producing seedlings. [Conventional technology] Conventionally, in the production of flounder seedlings, large-sized broodstock candidates with good growth are selected from among a large number of broodfish that have been growing for 3 to 4 years, and then the fish that will be used as broodstock are selected from among these. I made her lay eggs. Raising these broodstock of flounder involves various factors such as food, temperature, light intensity, endocrine control, stress control, group structure, etc., but since it has become possible to collect eggs by natural spawning, it is important to obtain high quality eggs, that is, the total amount of eggs collected. It is said that one of the important issues in order to collect a large number of eggs with excellent floating egg rate, fertilization rate, hatching rate, etc. and without morphological abnormalities is the content and form of the feed to be fed to the flounder parent fish. The conventional feed for raising flounder broodstock is minced or shredded fresh fish or frozen fish such as horse mackerel, sardines, mackerel, and sand eel, or is prepared by adding powdered feed to minced meat. Granulated moist feed, etc. have been used, and feed fortified with various vitamins, especially vitamin E, and minerals have been used, but it has not been possible to obtain a large quantity of eggs of satisfactory quality. On the other hand, as for the use of phospholipids in fish feed, feed for young sweetfish is known in which phospholipids are added to artificially compounded feed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-27030), and 3-9% phospholipids are added to artificially compounded feed. Fat-added feed for young flounder fish (Special Publication No. 61-43977) is known, but these are all feeds intended for young fish after hatching, and the young fish grow well and are not susceptible to malformations. The purpose of this method is to obtain fry with a high survival rate and a low incidence of broodstock, and there have been no reports on feed for parent fish. [Problem to be solved by the invention] Broodstock fish used for producing flounder seedlings require a long training period before they can be used, and the labor involved in day-to-day breeding management is also large. The feed provided must be fresh or frozen fish minced, and a mixture of vitamins and minerals weighed out and added to it. Therefore, it is desired to be able to collect as many high-quality eggs as possible with high floating rate, fertilization rate, and hatching rate, as well as eggs without morphological abnormalities, from each parent fish. The present invention attempts to solve these problems from the aspect of feed given to broodstock of flounder. That is, as mentioned above, it is well known that 3 to 9% of phospholipids are added to the feed for young flounder fish, but it is surprising that when raising flounder parent fish by mixing phospholipids into the feed for flounder parent fish. In particular, the present inventors discovered for the first time that it is possible to collect large quantities of eggs of high quality, that is, eggs with excellent total egg collection quantity, floating egg rate, fertilization rate, hatching rate, etc., and without morphological abnormalities. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned discovery, and the present invention is based on the above-mentioned discovery.
It is a feed for flounder broodstock that is characterized by containing ~20%. The phospholipid used in the present invention is a major lipid that constitutes various membrane systems of cells that constitute living organisms, and is contained in, for example, egg yolks and soybeans. As the phospholipid used in the present invention, both glycerophospholipids and sphingophospholipids can be used, but phospholipids commonly called lecithins, such as egg yolk lecithin and soybean lecithin, are particularly preferably used. These lycithins may be in paste form,
Powdered lecithin obtained by pulverizing these by spray drying or the like may also be used. The feed for flounder broodstock that contains phospholipids may be a powdered compound feed, or wheat gluten,
Powdered moist feed containing a binder such as CMC, sodium polyacrylate, sodium alginate, guar gum, or alpha starch may also be used.
In addition, these feeds are moist pellet feeds that are granulated by mixing water or live feed such as horse mackerel, sardines, mackerel, sand eel, shrimp, and squid. Next, the amount of the above-mentioned phospholipid added to the feed for flounder broodstock can be arbitrarily selected depending on the raw materials used, the blending ratio of moist powdered feed and live feed, etc., but if it is too small, it will be better than flounder broodstock. Since it is not possible to collect enough eggs, and if there is too much, the effect will not be expected, and the oil will contaminate the water quality, it is recommended to mix phospholipids in the powdered feed for moisturizer in an amount of about 5 to 20%. It is preferable that In addition, it is desirable to mix about 2.5 to 3.5% of phospholipids into the feed moist pellets for flounder broodstock, which is made by mixing raw food and granulating moist pellets. Phospholipids may be added to the feed for brood flounder fish at an appropriate step in the production of powdered feed for brood flounder fish or powdered feed for moisturizer. In addition, as a modification of the addition method, it is also possible to add it at the time of preparing moist pellet feed. [Example] Moist for marine fish consisting of 55% fish meal, 24% wheat flour, 10% rice bran oil cake, 3% soybean oil meal, 2% corn gluten meal, 3% minerals, 2% vitamins, and 1% binder. 14.3% of powdered soybean lecithin (70% lecithin content) was added to the powdered feed so that the lecithin content in the powdered feed was approximately 10%. Next, live bait: 2 parts of horse mackerel, 1 part of squid, and 1 part of shrimp.
minced with meat chips, mixed with 2 parts of the above powdered feed for moisturizing, 0.2 parts of a commercially available vitamin-enriched feed for marine fish (Marine Mate, manufactured by Nippon Nosan Kogyo), and 1 part of a commercially available multivitamin for fish. A moist pellet feed for flounder broodstock with a diameter of 6 mm was obtained using a filter. In addition, as a control feed, a lecithin-free control feed was obtained in the same manner as the moist pellet feed for flounder broodstock, except that lecithin was not added to the moist powder feed for marine fish. Next, flounder broodstock (4-year-old fish) with an average weight of 2421g per fish.
The 56 fish were divided into two sections of 28 fish each (16 females and 12 males).
They were kept in a tank with a diameter of 8 m, a depth of 2 m, and an actual water volume of 60 m 2 , fed with the above-mentioned feed, and subjected to an egg-laying test for about 3 months. The water used is filtered seawater, and the feeding amount was 0.3 ~
The amount was set at 1.5Kg/day. The results of egg collection from the flounder broodstock 40, 48, and 59 days after the start of the test are shown in Table 1.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明のヒラメ親魚用飼料を種苗生産における
ヒラメ親魚に給餌すると、総採卵量、浮上卵率、
受精率、孵化率等が優れ、形態異常のない良質な
卵を大量に採ることができるなどの効果がある。 また、モイストペレツト用の場合リン脂質の混
入により、ビタミン類等通常は海水中に溶出しや
すい物質も飼料中に残り、ロスが少ないなどの効
果もあり、かつ飼育水の汚れも少ないので飼育中
の親魚にも好ましい結果をもたらすなどの効果も
ある。
When the feed for flounder broodstock of the present invention is fed to flounder broodstock during seedling production, the total egg yield, floating egg rate,
It has excellent fertilization rate, hatching rate, etc., and has the advantage of being able to collect large quantities of high-quality eggs without morphological abnormalities. In addition, in the case of moist pellets, due to the contamination of phospholipids, substances that are normally easily eluted into seawater, such as vitamins, remain in the feed, which has the effect of reducing waste, and also because the breeding water is less contaminated. It also has the effect of bringing favorable results to the broodstock inside.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 粉体飼料中にリン脂質を5〜20%混入したこ
とを特徴とするヒラメ親魚用飼料。
1. Feed for broodstock of flounder, characterized in that 5 to 20% of phospholipids are mixed in powdered feed.
JP1141253A 1989-06-05 1989-06-05 Feed for adult fish of flounder Granted JPH037546A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1141253A JPH037546A (en) 1989-06-05 1989-06-05 Feed for adult fish of flounder

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1141253A JPH037546A (en) 1989-06-05 1989-06-05 Feed for adult fish of flounder

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH037546A JPH037546A (en) 1991-01-14
JPH0435135B2 true JPH0435135B2 (en) 1992-06-10

Family

ID=15287624

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1141253A Granted JPH037546A (en) 1989-06-05 1989-06-05 Feed for adult fish of flounder

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH037546A (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO308764B1 (en) * 1998-10-28 2000-10-30 Ewos Innovation As Composite, particulate feed for larvae or fry of fish and other marine organisms, as well as process for their preparation
FR2793114B1 (en) * 1999-04-21 2002-11-29 Agronomique Inst Nat Rech COMPLETE FEED FOR FISH LARVAE AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING SAME
US20090041888A1 (en) * 2005-02-11 2009-02-12 Southern Illinois University Use of formulated diets providing improved digestion in fish
JP5756066B2 (en) * 2012-08-03 2015-07-29 植田製油株式会社 Feeding promotion composition and feed containing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH037546A (en) 1991-01-14

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