JPH0436650B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a fish farming device that uses seawater, which amplifies and utilizes the energy of ocean waves, and can be used not only when the weather and wave conditions are normal, but also when the weather and wave conditions are normal. The present invention relates to an all-weather fish farming device that operates safely even in abnormal situations such as storms and tsunamis caused by earthquakes, does not cause any harm to the fish being raised, and is suitable for producing fish with good meat quality.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, fish farming devices shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 have been known. Although not yet published, there is a fish farming device as shown in FIG. 3, for which a patent application has already been filed by the applicant of the present application.

First, in the apparatus shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, reference numerals 48 and 49 indicate circulation tanks for water, and 50 indicates a swimming tank for fish, in which the fish perform swimming movements. The propeller 52 is driven by a drive unit 53,
Giving a flow to the water in the closed circuit connected by the water tank 51,
The water stream rotates as shown by the arrow. Further, the water flow is rectified by a rectifying grid 54 and sent to the swimming tank 50. The fish in the swimming tank 50 swim in the opposite direction to the current at the same speed as the current. This conventionally known fish farming device has a complicated structure, is large in size, and requires special power.

On the other hand, although the system shown in Figure 3 has not yet been published, it has a relatively simple structure, can be downsized to the proportion of fish production, and requires almost no artificial power. It is a device. In FIG. 3, the retaining wall 28a defines the open sea 27 and the ground 4 side, and on the open sea 27 side, a wave pump 30 (the figure shows a vertical type, but a device using a horizontal type has also been applied). ), but there is a pumping tank 2 on the ground 4 side.
Recirculation water tanks 19a each having 9 are provided. The wave pump 30 consists of a power cylinder 35 and a wave cylinder 36, and uses waves entering and exiting from the wave water intakes 39 and 40 to reciprocate an internal power piston and a wave piston (both not shown), thereby sucking and discharging seawater. Do this.

A discharge pipe 16a with a discharge opening/closing valve 17a is installed between the wave pump 30 and the water pumping tank 29, and a discharge pipe 16a with a discharge opening/closing valve 17a is installed between the wave pump 30 and the water pumping tank 29. tube 2
3a is constructed. Further, a water intake pipe 38 having a suction check valve 37 is connected to the suction pipe 23a near the continuous supply portion to the wave pump 30. The wave pump 30 is connected and supported to the retaining wall 28a by a joint 41, and a wave gathering device 45 connected to the seabed side by a wire 42 is attached thereto. The wave gathering device 45 consists of a submerged plate 46, wave gathering plates 43, 44, etc., and collects the waves that enter from the opening side thereof and introduces them into the wave intake ports 39, 40.

On the other hand, a water injection pipe 18a with a water injection on-off valve 31 interposed therebetween is installed between the pumping tank 29 and the circulation water tank 19a. Note that the water injection pipe 18a is connected to the circulating water tank 1.
They are connected along the tangential direction of the inner circumference of 9a.

In addition, an overflow pipe 32 is provided on the upper end side of the recirculation water tank 19a, which branches to an intake pipe 23a connected to the discharge port 22, and has an on-off valve 34a for water intake and water tank bottom cleaning. A utility pipe 33 is connected.

With the fish farming device having the above structure, the wave collecting device 45
The wave pump 30 operates due to waves from the water, and the recirculation water tank 19 is
Seawater is being inhaled and discharged into a.

Seawater is circulated into the circulation tank 19a by wave energy, circulation is provided by the water jet pipe 16a, and excrement is collected in the center of the bottom, and the water is transferred to the open sea by the water intake/tank bottom cleaning pipe 33, etc. On the other hand, the wave pump 30
The float 47 acts as a floating body in response to the ebb and flow of the tide, but when it does not operate due to abnormal ebb and flow of the tide, the seawater stored in the pumping tank 29 can supply water to the circulating water tank 19a without any hindrance.

[Objective of the present invention: Problems to be solved] Among the above-mentioned conventional techniques, the already known ones shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 have a complicated structure and are large in size, resulting in high equipment costs. Moreover, the power cost was high, and there were problems with the function of the device itself, such as difficulty in removing fish excrement, etc.

In addition, the undisclosed device shown in Figure 3 has many advantages such as requiring less land and almost no power for the same scale of production, but it has a somewhat complicated structure and a sliding part. There are many problems with durability.

Furthermore, it is less responsive to typhoons and other weather changes. That is, the equipment may not operate smoothly during storms, and may be destroyed by severe waves. In addition, in the event of a storm, with conventional equipment, the entire equipment would be submerged in water, and the spare pump motor would not operate, and the spare diesel generator would not start either, leading to the risk of the seawater supply being cut off and a large number of farmed fish dying. There is a problem that there is. This is also because in order to increase the economic efficiency of the equipment, the number of fish cultivated must be increased until the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water used is reached.
While the above-mentioned storm lasted for several hours, the supply of fresh water, and therefore oxygen, was cut off, and in many cases many fish farms were wiped out, causing great damage.

It is clear that the previously known prior art devices described above have a very large drawback in this respect, but the unpublished technology mentioned above also has the above-mentioned problems and is still unresolved and unresolved. It can be said that this is insufficient.

The present invention solves and eliminates almost all of the problems and drawbacks of the prior art described above, and can operate safely in all weather conditions by preventing water outages and flooding, not only during normal weather but also during storms. By protecting the lives of fish, raising them sufficiently, and utilizing natural wave energy at the highest efficiency ever, the structure is simple and inexpensive, the assembly work is easy, and it is suitable for fish. To provide an all-weather type fish farming device which allows high quality fish to be produced by giving the fish good exercise, reducing the fat in the fish body and improving the meat quality, and also allows easy discharge and purification of excrement etc.

[Structure of the present invention: means for solving problems] The device of the present invention has an intake channel that communicates with the open sea, and an intake channel that communicates with this and opens the other side to the ground surface, and has a unique frequency that is equal to the frequency of normal waves in the open sea. A water intake pit with a specific volume close to that of is connected to a water injection pipe disposed in a circular tangential direction inside the circulating water tank, and if necessary, a pumping tank is interposed between the discharge pipe and the water injection pipe, and the bottom surface of the circulating water tank is connected to the It is constructed by providing a discharge pipe in the center for discharging settled filth and the like, and providing an overflow means near the upper end of the circulating water tank if necessary.

[Function] According to experiments, there is a relationship between the ratio H/Ho of the wave height H in the water intake pit and the wave height Ho in the open sea, and the ratio W/Wc between the frequency W of the waves in the open sea and the natural frequency Wc of the water intake pit. There are specific relationships depending on changes in the damping coefficients C of the intake channel and water intake pit system, respectively, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing this relationship.

According to the figure, the wave height is amplified in a fairly wide frequency range of open sea waves.

On the one hand, the magnitude of the attenuation coefficient changes depending on the diameter and length of the intake channel, the volume of the intake pit, and the degree of surface roughness, but on the other hand, wave energy in the case of a storm with a high frequency is attenuated by the intake hole. The wave height within the pit is flattened.

Therefore, the structure of the water intake hole and the pit with a specific volume has the property of attenuating the height of random large waves with a short period such as a storm, and amplifying waves with a long wavelength during normal times. Therefore, in such a case, W/Wc shown in the figure becomes W/Wc>>1, and H/Ho becomes extremely small.

The wave pump used may be either vertical or horizontal, but if the wave piston that directly receives the wave motion is made with a large diameter and the pressure piston on the discharge side is made with a small diameter, the wave pressure will also be amplified, resulting in extremely high water pressure. Pressure water is ejected from the water injection pipe in a circular tangential direction within the circulating water tank to generate a circular circulating current, giving exercise to the fish and producing high-quality fish free of fat.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, fresh water is safely and stably supplied in all weather conditions, and filth is also discharged, so purification is always carried out and fish are always safe.

[Example] In Fig. 1, an intake channel 1 with a relatively small diameter a and a water intake pit 2 with a relatively large diameter b are installed, and a vertical wave pump 5 is installed inside, as an example, and a recirculation water tank and connecting piping etc. , is an example of the configuration of the device of the present invention. The cross section of the intake channel 1 is not limited to a circle or an ellipse, but may be a rectangle, a square, or another polygon. Further, this device is an example in which the device is installed in the ground 4 close to the sea surface 27' inside a breakwater 28 provided for the open sea 27. In addition, an example is shown in which a pumping tank is not attached to the circulating water tank 19, and an example in which a suction pipe is not installed is shown.

As described above, the intake channel 1 forms an introduction channel for wave force having a diameter of a, and also communicates with the seawater intake port 55 for cooling the power plant condenser.

As mentioned above, the water intake pit 2 consists of a through hole drilled in the ground 4 and lined with a submersible box 3,
An opening with a diameter b is formed on the intake channel 1 side and also opens on the ground surface side. Its shape is not limited to a cylindrical shape, but may be a rectangular or other three-dimensional shape.

The wave pump 5 consists of a two-stage structure consisting of a small-diameter power cylinder 7 and a large-diameter wave cylinder 6 connected thereto, and a locking tool 12 fixed to the outer circumference of the wave cylinder 6 is fixed inside the submersible case 3. It is engaged with the locking receptacle 13 and held within the envelope 3. Furthermore, a lid 20 is provided on the opening side of the ground surface to prevent flooding.

A float 8 is slidably engaged within the wave cylinder 6 and acts as a piston. A pressure piston 9 connected to the float 8 via a hollow shaft 10 is slidably supported within the power cylinder 7.

A hollow shaft 10 having a through hole 11 opens upward and downward, and a suction check valve 14 is provided at the upper opening. There is a discharge pipe 16 on the upper side of the power cylinder 7 in the figure.
One end is connected, and a discharge check valve 1 is connected to the connected end.
5 is provided. A discharge on/off valve 17 is interposed in the discharge pipe 16, and a water injection pipe 18 is provided at the other end.
is formed.

The water injection pipe 18 is connected to the circulating water tank 19 along the tangential direction of its inner circumference, and injects seawater discharged from the wave pump 5 in the tangential direction.

Further, an overflow pipe 26 covered with a mesh is connected to the upper part of the circulating water tank 19. The circulating water tank 19 is formed of a cylindrical body with a circular horizontal cross section, and a discharge port 22 is formed in the center of the bottom surface 25 of the water tank. Although the discharge port 22 is formed in a conical shape that tapers downward, it is not limited to this shape. Although not shown, the entire bottom surface 25 of the aquarium may be formed into a conical shape with the outlet 22 at the lowest end. Outlet 2
2 is a swirling flow discharge pipe 23 having a discharge on-off valve 24;
connected to.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained. First, regarding steady operation, the float 8 and the pressure-feeding piston 9 connected thereto reciprocate within the wave power cylinder 6 and the power cylinder 7 due to the vertical movement of the waves introduced through the water intake port 1 and the water intake pit 2. . During the downward stroke of the float 8 and the pressure-feeding piston 9, the inside of the power cylinder 7 becomes negative pressure, and the suction check valve 1
4 is opened, and the seawater in the water intake pit 2 is sucked up through the pipe passage hole 11 of the hollow shaft 10 and accumulated in the power cylinder 7. In this case, the discharge check valve 15 is in a closed state.

During the upward stroke of the float 8 and the pressure-feeding piston 9, the suction check valve 14 is closed and the discharge check valve 15 is opened. The wave force of the waves acting on the lower surface of the large diameter float 8 becomes a large force inversely proportional to the diameter and acts on the pressure piston 9, the pressure is amplified and the seawater in the power cylinder is discharged into the discharge pipe 16. By keeping the discharge on-off valve 17 open,
Seawater is injected into the circulation water tank 19 from the water injection pipe 18. Since the water injection pipe 18 is disposed along the direction of the inner surface of the circulation water tank 19, the injected seawater generates a circular circulation together with the existing water.

On the other hand, the fish inside the circulating water tank swim in the opposite direction to the circulating current, and after three to four weeks of exercise, the fat is reduced and the fish meat is improved to a high-quality one.

Furthermore, when a swirling flow is generated in the circulating water tank 19, the pressure at the outer circumference becomes higher than the pressure at the center,
Under the influence of the pressure gradient of the flow, a secondary flow occurs that causes the boundary layer containing sediment on the tank bottom 25 of the recirculation tank 19 to accumulate in the center, and fish waste and excess food are transferred to the tank bottom. 25 in the center. Therefore, by opening the discharge on-off valve 24, the waste materials and the like are discharged into the sea surface from the swirling flow discharge pipe 23. Since this discharge work is freely performed even during the discharge stroke of the wave pump 5, the inside of the circulating water tank 19 can be maintained in a clean state at all times.
By repeating the above operations, fresh seawater is constantly supplied into the circulating water tank 19.

Next, the operation of the wave pump 5 in the water intake pit 2 in normal times and in abnormal times such as storms will be explained.

As described above, the sea waves are amplified in wave height by the intake channel 1 and the water intake pit 2 during normal times, but are attenuated and reduced in the event of a storm, etc., thereby operating safely. This includes the second
It was confirmed through experiments that the relationship shown in the figure exists.

First, in normal times, the frequency W of waves in the open sea
Since is about the same as the natural frequency Wc of the water intake pit, W/Wc is close to 1, and therefore the wave height H in the pit relative to the standard wave height Ho in the open sea is amplified.

Specifically, the wave cycle of open sea 27 is 6 to 7.
[seconds], and when the undulation is large, the period may be about twice as long. The width of intake channel 1 is 2 [m], and the height is
It is formed from a rectangular piece of 6.7 [m], and the water intake pit is formed from a piece of 5 [m] x 5 [m]. When the wave height Ho of the open sea is 0.2 to 0.5 [m], the water intake pit in the pit system is The period is 10 to 12 seconds, and the wave height is H.
In the above cases, it was recorded that the wave height was amplified to about 0.5 [m] to 1.2 [m], respectively.

Next, when the waves are strong due to a storm or the like, the frequency W of the waves in the open sea becomes large, and therefore the ratio W/Wc of the water intake pit to the natural frequency Wc becomes very large. Therefore, H/Ho on the vertical axis shown in FIG. 2 becomes sufficiently small, and the wave height H in the pit becomes much smaller than the standard wave height Ho in the open sea, making safe operation possible. As a result, H is relatively averaged over all weather conditions, and the device can always operate normally without putting strain on it.

Note that even if the wave height increases due to a storm or the like, even if the waves rise to the ground, they are shielded by the lid 20 and do not affect the wave pump 5.

As described above, in this embodiment, the wave pump 5 is operated by waves of amplified wave height during normal times, and by waves of attenuated wave height in case of strong waves such as during a storm, so that stable operation can be performed under all weather conditions. . Therefore, fresh seawater is always supplied to the circulating water tank 19 and excrement is also discharged, so that the water in the circulating water tank cannot become deficient in oxygen and is kept clean.

In this embodiment, the water intake 1 and the water intake pit 2 are used, and the wave pump 5 is of a vertical type, but a pit system of other shapes that can appropriately attenuate and introduce waves may be used, or a horizontal wave pump may be used. It is also possible to use

[Effects of the present invention] (1) With the device of the present invention, the wave height within the pit can be increased with relatively little fluctuation even during normal times or during disturbances such as storms.
Furthermore, since seawater is raised to a high place, new seawater can be constantly supplied to the circulation tank, and oxygen starvation cannot occur. This has the great effect of allowing fish farming operations to be carried out in a controlled manner.

(2) Sedimented filth in the circulating water tank is removed by regularly discharging a certain amount of water from the bottom, and the interior of the circulating water tank is always kept clean.

(3) With (1) and (2) above, high-quality fish with low fat content can be safely obtained in all weather conditions.

(4) In the device of the present invention, the wave pump is suspended within the pit, so assembly and disassembly are easy and efficient.

(5) The device of the present invention uses natural wave energy,
Since no artificial power is used, fish farming operations can be carried out at low cost in all weather conditions.

(6) In the device of the present invention, a pumping tank can be attached above the circulating water tank, so even if water intake is temporarily stopped due to pump failure, etc., safe operation is possible at all times in all weather conditions. It also has the effect of being able to operate at high efficiency.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2
The figure is a diagram showing the relationship between the frequency ratio W/Wc, the wave height ratio H/Hc, and the damping coefficient of the pit system path in this example. The figure is a plan view of a conventional fish farming device, and FIG. 5 is a front view of FIG. 4. 1... Intake channel, 2... Water intake pit, 3... Submersible, 4... Ground, 5, 30... Wave pump, 6,
36... Wave power cylinder, 7, 35... Power cylinder, 8... Float, 9... Force feeding piston, 10
... hollow shaft, 11 ... through hole, 12 ... locking tool,
13... Locking holder, 14... Inhalation check valve, 15
...Discharge check valve, 16, 16a...Discharge pipe, 1
7, 17a... Discharge on/off valve, 18, 18a...
Water injection pipe, 19, 48, 49... Circulation water tank, 20
... Lid, 21 ... Gap, 22 ... Discharge port, 23,
23a... Suction pipe, 24, 24a... Suction on-off valve, 25... Water tank bottom, 26, 32... Overflow pipe, 27... Sea surface of the open sea, 27'... Sea surface inside the retaining wall, 28, 28a... ... Retaining wall, 29 ... Water pumping tank, 31 ... Water injection on-off valve, 33 ... Water intake and water tank bottom cleaning pipe, 34 ... Water intake and water tank bottom cleaning on-off valve, 37 ... Suction reverse Stop valve, 38... Water intake pipe, 39, 40... Wave intake, 41... Joint, 42... Wire, 43, 44... Wave collecting plate, 45... Wave collecting device, 46... Submerged plate , 4
7... Float, 50... Swimming tank, 51... Water tank, 52... Propeller, 53... Drive device, 54
... Rectifier grid, 55 ... Seawater intake.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An intake channel that communicates with the open sea, an intake pit that communicates with the intake channel and opens the area to the ground surface and has a specific volume, and an opening that is housed in the intake pit and forms an opening on the side of the intake channel. a wave pump that reciprocates due to the inflow and outflow of waves; a circulating water tank with a circular horizontal cross section and a drainage port provided at the center of the bottom; and a connection side end of a discharge pipe connecting the circulating water tank and the wave pump with the circulating water tank. 1. An all-weather type fish farming device, comprising one or more water injection pipes formed in a circular flow tank and connected along a tangential direction of an inner circumference of the circulating water tank. 2. An intake channel that communicates with the open sea, an intake pit that communicates with this and has the other end open to the ground surface and has a specific volume, and an opening that is housed in the intake pit and forms an opening on the side of the intake channel to prevent waves from entering and exiting. A reciprocating wave pump, a circulating water tank with a circular horizontal cross section and a drainage port provided at the center of the bottom, and a circulating water tank formed at the connecting end of the discharge pipe connecting the circulating water tank and the wave pump with the circulating water tank. an all-weather type water injection pipe connected along the tangential direction of the inner circumference of the water tank, and a water pumping tank that pumps water by the water head pressure of the wave pump above the circulating water tank. Fish farming equipment.