JPH0440952B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a rotating machine that can obtain a low rotational output.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, electric motors have been the most common rotating machine, but generally, in order to obtain low-speed rotational output, a speed reduction mechanism is required to reduce the rotation of the rotor shaft and transmit it to the output shaft.

However, with conventional electric motors equipped with such reduction mechanisms, the reduction mechanism is generally formed with a large number of gears, etc., which not only complicates the structure and increases manufacturing costs, but also increases the weight and external dimensions of the motor itself. It was difficult to design it compactly due to the increase in the number of parts.

[Summary of the invention]

The present invention has been made in view of these points, and its purpose is to provide a rotating machine that has a simple structure, can be manufactured at low cost, and can be designed compactly and obtains a low-speed rotational output. It's about doing.

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention arranges a disc-shaped rotating body having an output shaft in a space formed by the inner peripheral wall surface of a cylindrical movable body, and furthermore, this rotating body is Rotatably supported on a fixed frame,
The rotary body is rotated by causing the center of the movable body to revolve around the output shaft of the rotary body by a driving means, and engaging the inner circumferential wall surface of the movable body and the outer circumferential surface of the rotary body. It is.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, one embodiment of a rotating machine according to the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a first embodiment of a rotating machine according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a cylindrical fixed frame with a bottom surface,
A bearing 2 is fixed to the center of the bottom surface so as to support the tip 10a of the output shaft 10 of the rotating body 12. The inner circumferential wall surface 3 of the fixed frame 1 is provided with elastic bodies 5A, 5B, 6A, 6 made of piezoelectric elements provided with cushioning rubber 4 on both sides to reduce impact force.
B, 7A, 7B are fixed, and the elastic bodies 5A and 5B,
6A and 6B, 7A and 7B are provided so as to face each other, and the elastic bodies 5A, 6A, 7A
are placed at 120 degree intervals. Each stretchable body is a piezoelectric element of the same shape, and the stretchable bodies facing each other are connected to a three-phase AC power source.
When a positive voltage is applied, the expandable bodies 5A, 6A, and 7A
As shown in FIG. 2C, the elastic bodies 5B, 6B, and 7B expand in proportion to the voltage and enter the extended state, and as shown in FIG. 2A, they contract in proportion to the voltage and enter the contracted state. Moreover, when a negative voltage is applied, the elastic bodies 5A, 6
A and 7A degenerate in proportion to the voltage as shown in Fig. 2a and become in a contracted state, and extensible bodies 5B, 6B, and 7B expand in proportion to the voltage and become in an extended state as shown in Fig. 2c. It's summery. Such elastic bodies 5A, 5B to 7
A and 7B constitute a driving means. In addition, FIG. 2b shows the state of each elastic body before applying a voltage. In the space surrounded by the elastic bodies 5A, 5B to 7A, 7B, a cylindrical movable body 8 is compressed with elastic force by the buffer rubber 4 of each elastic body and is held swingably. There is. Reference numeral 9 denotes a disc-shaped rotary plate, in the center of which an output shaft 10 is fixed, penetrating at right angles to the plane thereof, and in a groove-shaped depression 9b formed along the circumference of the outer peripheral surface 9a. An annular rubber 11 extends from the outer circumferential surface 9a and is held with elastic force. Such a rotating plate 9, an output shaft 10,
A rotating body 12 made of an annular rubber 11 has a tip 10a of an output shaft 10 inserted into a bearing 2 fixed to a fixed frame 1, and an output end 10b inserted into a bearing 14 of a rotation support frame 13. In particular, the movable body 8 is rotatably supported in a space formed by the inner circumferential wall surface 8a. At this time,
The gap between the annular rubber 11 of the rotating body 12 and the inner circumferential wall surface 8a of the movable body 8 is such that the inner circumferential wall surface 8a of the movable body 8 is in contact with the annular rubber 11 at a predetermined pressure when the extensible body changes to the maximum. It has dimensions that allow it to be pressed.

Hereinafter, the operation of the rotating machine of the present invention configured as described above will be explained. Figure 3 shows the output end 1 of the output shaft 10.
It is a front view showing the operation of the rotating body 12 as seen from the 0b side, and the cushioning rubber 4 and the output shaft 10 provided on both sides of each elastic body are omitted to make the explanation easier to understand. Note that P ₁ indicates the center of the rotating body 12,
P ₂ indicates the center of the movable body 8. FIG. 3a shows the state before applying an AC voltage to the expandable bodies 5A, 5B to 7A, 7B, and at this time, the center P ₁ of the rotating body 12 and the center P ₂ of the movable body 8 are aligned. . In such an initial state, the fourth
A sine wave AC voltage as shown in A in the figure is applied to the elastic body 6.
A, 6B has a phase of 120° from the sine wave AC voltage of A.
When a shifted sine wave AC voltage as shown in B is applied to the stretchable bodies 7A and 7B, a sine wave AC voltage as shown in C whose phase is further shifted by 120° than the sine wave AC voltage in B is applied to the movable body 8. The center P ₂ of the rotating body 12 revolves around the center P ₁ of the rotating body 12, and due to the revolution, the rotating body 12 starts rotating smoothly at a low speed.
That is, when a sinusoidal AC voltage is applied to each expandable body as described above at point a in FIG. 4, the maximum positive voltage is applied to the stretchable bodies 5A and 5B in FIG. , the stretchable body 5A is expanded to be in the maximum stretch state, and the stretchable body 5B is retracted to be in the minimum contracted state. Further, a negative voltage is applied to the stretchable bodies 6A and 6B by the sinusoidal AC voltage B, so that the stretchable bodies 6A and 6B are
A becomes in a contracted state proportional to the voltage, and the stretchable body 6
B is in an elongated state proportional to the voltage. moreover,
A negative voltage is also applied to the stretchable bodies 7A and 7B by the sinusoidal AC voltage c, and the stretchable body 7A becomes in a contracted state.
The expandable body 7B is in an expanded state. Then, the movable body 8 is pressed by the stretchable bodies 5A, 6B, and 7B, and moves in the direction of the stretchable body 5B.
contacts the annular rubber 11 of the rotating body 12 and presses it with a predetermined pressure. At this time, although not shown in FIG. 4, cushioning rubber 4 provided on both sides of each elastic body cushions the impact. In this way, Figure 3b
As shown in the figure, the center _P2 of the movable body 8 is located to the right of the center _P1 of the rotating body 12 in the figure.
Next, at time b in Fig. 4, the elastic bodies 7A, 7B
A negative maximum voltage is applied to the stretchable body 7A, and the stretchable body 7A further contracts and reaches the minimum contraction state, and the stretchable body 7B further expands and reaches the maximum stretch state. In addition, the elastic body 5
Positive voltage is still applied to A and 5B, but
The voltage becomes lower than the maximum positive voltage, and the stretchable body 5A is in a stretched state that is more contracted than the maximum stretch state, and the stretchable body 5B is in a contracted state that is more stretched than the minimum stretch state.

Further, a positive voltage is also applied to the stretchable bodies 6A and 6B, so that the stretchable body 6A is in an expanded state proportional to the voltage, and the stretchable body 6B is in a contracted state. Then, the movable body 8 is pressed by the elastic bodies 5B, 6A, and 7B with the inner peripheral wall surface 8a and the rubber 11 in contact with each other, and moves to the position shown in FIG. 3c while rotating the rotating body 12 in the direction of the arrow. . At this time, the elasticity of the cushioning rubber 4 allows the movement to be performed remotely. Then, the center P ₂ of the movable body 8 begins to move in the opposite direction to the automatic direction of the rotary body 12 and comes to be located diagonally above and to the right of the center P ₁ of the rotary body 12 . And furthermore, the fourth
At time c in the figure, the maximum positive voltage is applied to the stretchable bodies 6A, 6B, and the stretchable bodies 5A, 5B, 7A, 7
By applying a negative voltage to B, each stretchable body deforms as described above, and the movable body 8 transforms into the stretchable body 5.
B, 6A, and 7A, the rotating body 12 is rotated in the direction of the arrow and moved to the position shown in FIG. 3d. The center P ₂ is located diagonally to the upper left of the center P ₁ of the rotating body 12 . Similarly, at time point d in FIG. 4, the movable body 8 is pressed by the telescopic bodies 5B, 6B, and 7A, rotates the rotating body 12 in the direction of the arrow, and moves to the position shown in FIG. _P2
is located to the left of the center _P1 , and at time e in FIG. 4, it is located diagonally to the lower left as shown in FIG. 3f. Furthermore, at time f in Figure 4,
As shown in , the center _P2 is located diagonally to the lower right of the center _P1 . Then, at the next point a in FIG. 4, the movable body 8 is pressed by the stretchable bodies 5A, 6A, and 7B and moves again to the position shown in FIG. 3b while rotating the rotary body 12. center of 8
P ₂ returns to the right position with respect to the center P ₁ of the rotating body 12.
In this way, the center P ₂ of the movable body 8 is the center of the rotating body 1
It will continue to revolve around the center P ₁ of 2.
Furthermore, since the voltage applied to each expandable body is a sinusoidal alternating current voltage with a phase shift, this orbit of revolution becomes a circular shape concentric with respect to _P1 . In this way, the inner wall surface 8a of the movable body 8 moves while being in contact with the rotating body 12, so that the rotating body 12 continues to rotate smoothly and at a low speed. Further, reverse rotation is also possible by changing the phase of each voltage shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the rotating machine according to the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts, and the explanation thereof will be omitted. Reference numeral 15 denotes a cylindrical movable body which is elastically compressed and swingably supported by each expandable body, and teeth 15a are notched on the inner peripheral wall surface over the entire circumference. In the space formed by the inner circumferential wall surface of the movable body 15, a rotating body 16, which is fixed to a disc-shaped rotating plate through which the output shaft 10 passes, is rotatably mounted by the fixed frame 1. The rotating body 16 is pivotally supported, and teeth 16a are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 16 over the entire circumference. The teeth 16a cut on the rotating body 16 have the same pitch as the teeth 15a cut on the inner peripheral wall surface of the movable body 15, and the number of teeth is one less than the number of teeth on the movable body 15.

When a three-phase sinusoidal alternating current voltage as shown in FIG. It revolves in a circular orbit. At this time, teeth 15a notched on the inner circumferential wall surface of the movable body 15 and teeth 16a notched on the outer circumferential surface of the rotary body 16 mesh with each other, and when the center of the movable body 15 makes one revolution with respect to the center of the rotary body 16, Rotating body 1
6 rotates in a direction opposite to the revolution direction of the movable body 15 by one tooth. This is because the teeth 16a cut on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating body 16 have the same pitch as the teeth 15a cut on the inner circumferential wall surface of the movable body 15, and the number of teeth is one less than the number of teeth on the movable body 15. This is because it is formed. By providing the teeth on the inner circumferential wall surface of the movable body 15 and the outer circumferential surface of the rotating body 16 in this way, the first embodiment may slip, but the second embodiment does not slip. The reduction ratio is also accurate and stable low-speed rotation can be obtained. Moreover, the reduction ratio can be changed by changing the difference in the number of teeth.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway front view showing a third embodiment of the rotating machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a -
FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 17 denotes a fixed frame made of a cylindrical magnetic material having a bottom surface. A bearing 18 is fixed to the center of the bottom surface, and a salient magnetic pole around which a coil 19 is wound is attached to the inner peripheral wall surface 17a. 17b are provided at six locations along the inner circumference at 60° intervals. A flange 17c is formed inward at the open end of the fixed frame 17.
The inner circumferential surface of the flange 17c is provided with teeth 17d that are notched around the entire circumference to prevent the movable body 20 from moving automatically. In the space formed by each salient magnetic pole 17b of the fixed frame 17, a movable body 20 made of a cylindrical magnetic body with a flange 20a formed outward is loosely fitted so as to be freely swingable. , flange 2
Teeth 20b are notched around the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface of Oa. Further, the inner peripheral wall surface of the movable body 20 is provided with teeth 20d over the entire circumference. In the space formed by the inner circumferential wall surface of the movable body 20, a rotary body 16, which is the same as that in the previous embodiment, is rotatably supported by a bearing 18 of a fixed frame body 17. Teeth 20 notched on the inner peripheral wall surface of the movable body 20
d has the same pitch as the teeth 15a cut on the rotating body 16, and the number of teeth is one more than the number of teeth on the rotating body 16.

Inner peripheral wall surface 1 of the rotating machine configured in this way
Each salient magnetic pole 17 provided at 60° intervals on 7a
When a sine wave alternating current voltage with a phase shift of 60° is sequentially applied to the coil 19 of b, each salient magnetic pole 17b is sequentially magnetized and the movable body 20 is attracted to each salient magnetic pole 17b. The center begins to revolve around the output shaft 10. At this time, the movable body 20 does not rotate because the teeth 20b and 17d engage with each other. Further, as the center of the movable body 20 begins to revolve around the output shaft 10, the teeth 20d formed on the inner circumferential wall of the movable body 20 and the teeth 15a formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating body 16 mesh with each other. When the center of the movable body 20 makes one revolution with respect to the center of the rotary body 16, the rotary body 16 rotates by one tooth. In this way, electromagnetic force may be used as a rotation means to rotate the rotating body 16 by moving the movable body 20, and the teeth 20b and 17d may be used to prevent the rotating body 16 from rotating when the movable body 20 moves.
, it is possible to obtain a highly reliable rotation speed. Note that the teeth 20b and 17d do not necessarily need to be provided all around the circumference, but may be provided partially.

Furthermore, although piezoelectric elements and electromagnets are used to obtain the rotating means in each of the above-described embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto, and means such as shape memory alloys and bimetals may also be used. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to electrical energy, and thermal energy may be used directly.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the rotating machine according to the present invention, the rotating body is rotated by making the center of the movable body revolve around the output shaft of the rotating body, so a large number of gears are used as in the conventional case. It is possible to obtain low speed rotation without any problems. Moreover, the rotating body is rotatably supported by the fixed frame, and the movable body is arranged so that its circumferential surface faces the rotating body with a gap in between. Since they are brought into contact with each other, there is no need to manufacture each part with very high precision, which simplifies the structure, lowers manufacturing costs, and allows for a more compact design.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 a, b, and c are explanatory diagrams showing the operation of the telescopic body used in this rotating machine, Fig. 3 is a front view seen from the output shaft showing the movement of the rotating body used in this rotating machine, and Fig. Figure 4 is a waveform diagram showing the voltage applied to each expandable body used in this rotating machine, Figure 5 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the rotating machine according to the present invention, and Figure 6 is the rotating machine according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway front view showing the third embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 6. 1, 17... Fixed frame, 5A, 5B, 6A, 6
B, 7A, 7B... telescopic body, 8, 15, 20...
Movable body, 10...Output shaft, 11...Rubber, 12,
16...Rotating body.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A movable body 8, a fixed frame 1, a rotating body 12,
It is a rotating machine consisting of driving means 5A to 7B, in which a movable body 8 is formed in a cylindrical shape, a fixed frame body 1 is configured to surround this movable body, and a rotary body 12 has an output shaft 10 at the center. is placed in a space formed by the inner circumferential wall surface 8a of the movable body, and is supported by a fixed frame so that its outer circumferential surface can freely rotate through a gap with the inner circumferential wall surface of the movable body, and is driven. Means 5A to 7B are arranged between the fixed frame body and the movable body, and push the movable body toward the center in response to a signal input so that the inner peripheral wall surface of the movable body comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotary body, and the contact point moves in the circumferential direction. Drive the movable body so that the center of the movable body _P2 is relative to the center _P1 of the rotating body
A rotating machine that operates so that it revolves. 2 Movable body 15, fixed frame 1, and rotating body 16
and driving means 5A to 7B, the movable body 15 is formed in a cylindrical shape, teeth 15a are formed on the inner circumferential wall surface, and the fixed frame 1 surrounds the movable body. The rotating body 16 has an output shaft 10 at its center, teeth 16a having a small number of teeth at the same pitch as the teeth of the movable body are formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and teeth 16a are formed by the inner peripheral wall surface of the movable body. The driving means 5A to 7B are arranged between the fixed frame and the movable body, and push the movable body toward the center in response to a signal input, thereby causing the teeth of the movable body to rotate. A rotating machine that engages the teeth of a rotating body and drives a movable body so that its meshing point moves in the circumferential direction, so that the center of the movable body revolves around the center of the rotating body.