JPH0445557B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a lubricating composition for sliding and metal processing. [Prior Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Machine tools use lubricants with a variety of different performances depending on the part and purpose of use. Mixing of these lubricants with each other can reduce their respective performance and cause fatal problems, so they must be avoided at all costs. However, many machine tools, especially transfer machines, etc., have cutting fluids,
Sliding surface oils are often mixed into metalworking lubricants such as grinding fluids, and if sliding surface oils are mixed into water-based emulsion type metalworking lubricants,
The uniformity of the metal processing lubricant is no longer maintained,
As a result, there have been problems such as fluctuations in metal working performance, making it impossible to perform high precision metal working, and accelerated corrosion, which extremely shortens the life of the metal working fluid. [Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, the present inventors have conducted intensive research to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and have found that a lubricating composition having a specific composition can be used as a sliding surface oil as well as a metalworking oil. The present inventors have discovered that the present invention can be used as a catalyst, and have completed the present invention based on this knowledge. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating composition for sliding and metal working in which the above-mentioned conventional problems are solved by using the same active ingredients in the sliding surface oil and the metal working oil. It is something. The present invention provides mineral oil and/or synthetic oil, carbon number
A reaction product of a 14 to 28 aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and an alkanolamine having an alkanol group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, an extreme pressure agent, and an emulsifier, and the reaction product of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and the alkanolamine is based on the total amount. This is a lubricating composition for sliding and metal working, which is blended in a ratio of 2 to 50% by weight of the product, 5 to 30% by weight of the extreme pressure agent, and 5 to 30% by weight of the emulsifier. In the present invention, mineral oil and/or synthetic oil is used as the first component. Here, the mineral oil and/or synthetic oil is the base of the lubricating composition of the present invention, and is not particularly limited, but preferably has a viscosity of 5 to 70 cst at 40°C. Specifically, mineral oils include naphthenic mineral oils, intermediate mineral oils, lubricating oil fractions of paraffinic mineral oils, and highly aromatic components obtained by decomposition of these mineral oils, and long-chain synthetic oils. Examples include alkylbenzene, branched alkylbenzene, polyolefin oil such as polybutene, alkylnaphthalene, ester oil, and polyglycol oil. Among these, naphthenic mineral oils are preferred. The above-mentioned oils can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, in the present invention, a reaction product of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 14 to 28 carbon atoms and an alkanolamine having an alkanol group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms is used as the second component. Here, specific examples of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids include, for example, the formula

【formula】

HOOC・(CH ₂ ) ₆・CH=CH(CH ₂ ) ₆ COOH, HOOC・(CH ₂ ) ₆・CH=CH(CH ₂ ) ₂ CH=CH・
(CH ₂ ) ₆ COOH, HOOC・(CH ₂ ) ₆ −C(CH ₃ )=CH−(CH ₂ ) ₂ −CH
=C( _CH3 )-( _CH2 ) ₆ -COOH, etc. can be mentioned. As the alkanolamine to be reacted with the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, those having an alkanol group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms are used. Examples of such alkanolamines include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monopropanolamine, dipropanolamine, tripropanolamine, monobutanolamine, dibutanolamine, tributanolamine, monomethyldiethanolamine, monomethyldipropanolamine, Examples include monomethyldibutanolamine and monoethyldiethanolamine. The above-mentioned aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and alkanolamine are mixed in a ratio of 0.5 to 5 (mole ratio) of the latter to 1 of the former, and reacted at a temperature of room temperature to 200°C for 5 to 100 minutes to obtain a reaction product. . In the present invention, the reaction product of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and alkanolamine is used as the second component. The reaction product of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and alkanolamine is blended in an amount of 2 to 50% by weight, preferably 5 to 30% by weight, based on the total amount. Here, if the amount of the second component is less than 2% by weight, when used as a metalworking oil, rust is likely to occur and metalworking performance is deteriorated, which is not preferable. Further, even if the amount exceeds 50% by weight, no improvement in effectiveness can be expected, which is economically undesirable. Next, in the present invention, an extreme pressure agent is used as the third component. There are no particular restrictions on the extreme pressure agent; sulfurized oils and fats such as sulfurized lard, sulfurized whale oil, and sulfurized castor oil; tributyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, lauryl acid phosphate, Examples include phosphoric acid esters such as oleyl acid phosphate; phosphoric acid esters and amine salts such as beef tallow amine salt of octyl acid phosphate and oleyl amine salt of oleyl acid phosphate; these may be used alone or Two or more types can be used in combination.
The extreme pressure agent is blended in an amount of 5 to 30% by weight, preferably 5 to 20% by weight based on the total amount. When the amount of the extreme pressure agent is less than 5% by weight, it is preferable to use a phosphorus-containing surfactant as an emulsifier. This is because when used as a sliding surface lubricant, it prevents the occurrence of stake slip, and when the diluted solution is used for metal working parts, it has the effect of preventing deterioration in machinability. Also, 30% by weight
When used as a sliding surface oil, it tends to cause oil stains, and when used as a metal working oil, it tends to cause rust and promotes decay, which is undesirable. Furthermore, in the present invention, an emulsifier is used as the fourth component. There are no particular restrictions on the emulsifier; for example, anionic surfactants such as aliphatic soaps, naphthenic acid salts, long-chain alcohol sulfate salts, aliphatic alkyl sulfate salts; long-chain primary amine salts, alkyl Cationic surfactants such as trimethylammonium salt; nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ester, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ester; Examples include phosphorus-containing surfactants such as oxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate, dipolyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether phosphate, tripolyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate, and tripolyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether phosphate. These emulsifiers are blended in an amount of 5 to 30% by weight, preferably 10 to 20% by weight based on the total amount. Here, if the amount of this emulsifier is less than 5% by weight, the resulting lubricating composition will separate.
It cannot be used as a sliding surface oil agent, and the emulsion stability of the metal working fluid is poor, making it impossible to use it for metal working. Moreover, if it is blended in an amount exceeding 30% by weight, stick slip occurs when used as a sliding surface oil, which is not preferable. In the present invention, an antioxidant, a copper deactivator, an antifoaming agent, an antibacterial agent, etc. may be added as necessary. The sliding and metalworking lubricating composition of the present invention can be obtained by mixing the above-mentioned components. When the lubricating composition for sliding and metal processing of the present invention is used as a sliding surface oil, it is usually used as a undiluted solution, and when used as a metal processing oil, it is diluted with water 3 to 100 times, preferably 20 to 50 times. It is preferable. When lubricating a machine tool using the lubricating composition of the present invention, the lubricating composition is used on the sliding surfaces of the machine tool, and a water diluted solution of the lubricating composition is used on metal processing parts. Here, the target machine tools are those that have sliding surfaces and metal processing parts inside them, and transfer machines in particular are mentioned because their mechanism makes it easy for sliding surface oil to mix with metal processing oil. It will be done. When lubricating a machine tool using the lubricating composition of the present invention, a stock solution of the lubricating composition is used on the sliding surface of the machine tool. Also, a diluted solution of the lubricating composition is applied to metal working parts. Here, when used for metal processing such as cutting and grinding, a water diluted solution diluted with water about 3 to 100 times is used. When lubricating a transfer machine, a stock solution of the lubricating composition of the present invention is first used on sliding surfaces, and then a diluted solution of the lubricating composition is used to perform metal working. [Example] Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to an example. Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 A lubricating composition was prepared by blending a specified compound shown in Table 1 in a specified ratio with a specified mineral oil or synthetic oil (first component) shown in Table 1. . Next, various tests shown below were conducted on these lubricating compositions to evaluate their performance as sliding surface oils and as metalworking oils. The results are shown in Table 1. [Test method] Sliding surface test Idemitsu method [Method with the following conditions in accordance with ASTM D 2877-70 (Idemitsu tribo review)
Method described in Vol.1 No2 P141-144)]
The dynamic friction coefficient (μ) and the presence or absence of stick slip were measured. Note that the conditions are as follows. Surface pressure: 0.54Kg/ ^cm2 Sliding speed: 12mm/min and 160mm/min Sliding surface material: BETSUTO S45C polished steel plate (JIS G 4051) Saddle FC-20 Scraped surface (JIS G 5501) Oil stain performance test Above lubricating composition 5% by weight of distilled water was added to the stock solution and stirred to form an emulsion.
It was sandwiched between 20 plates (JIS G 5501) (30 x 70 x 10 mm) and kept at a temperature of 60°C for 5 days. After opening, the presence or absence of oil stain was observed. Copper plate rot test was conducted in accordance with JIS K 2513. However, the conditions are
The test was carried out at 50°C for 3 hours. Cutting test Using carbide chips (P20...JIS B 4104),
A cutting test was conducted using a lathe, and tool wear during this process was measured. The sample used was a 30% emulsion, and the cutting conditions were as follows. Cutting speed: 100m/min Feed rate: 0.1mm/rev. Depth of cut: 2mm Cutting distance: 4800m Initial emulsion stability test Take 97ml of water in a 100ml graduated cylinder and pour 3ml of the stock solution of the above lubricating composition onto the water surface. 30
After a few minutes, it was observed whether the oil (undiluted solution) was floating or separated in the upper layer (initial emulsification). In addition, the proportion (capacity) (solubility) of the oil agent dispersed or dissolved in water was measured. Note that the stock solution that can be applied to the present invention does not have oil dispersed in the upper layer, and the dispersion or dissolution rate of the oil agent is low.
It must be 30ml or more. Rust prevention test A cutting test was conducted using samples of each emulsion concentration, and after 7 days, the presence or absence of rust on the cut material (chips) was observed. The cutting test was conducted by cutting FCD-40 material (JIS G 5502) using an end mill tool on a drilling machine. Comparative Example 7 Various tests were conducted in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a commercially available product was used, and the performance was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

【table】

【table】

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the lubricating composition of the present invention, one oil can function as both a sliding surface oil and a metal working oil. That is, even when used as a sliding surface oil, oil stains are not generated, and when used as a metal working oil, metal processing can be carried out with high accuracy and rust is less likely to occur. In addition, since this type of oil can be used as both a sliding surface oil and a metal processing oil, even if the sliding surface oil mixes with the metal processing oil, the metal processing performance of the machine tool will not deteriorate. There are no lubrication problems that have been seen in the past, such as the extremely shortened lifespan of metalworking fluids. Therefore, it is particularly effective when a metalworking oil is used in a circulating lubrication system. Furthermore, although the lubricating composition for sliding and metal processing of the present invention is an emulsion type lubricant, it also exhibits good performance when used as a sliding surface oil as described above. Therefore, it can be effectively used for lubrication of machine tools, especially transfer machines and the like.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Mineral oil and/or synthetic oil, a reaction product of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 14 to 28 carbon atoms and an alkanolamine having an alkanol group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, an extreme pressure agent, and an emulsifier, and the above-mentioned 2 to 50% by weight of reaction product of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and alkanolamine, 5 to 30% by weight of the extreme pressure agent
A lubricating composition for sliding and metal working, which is blended with the above-mentioned emulsifier in a proportion of 5 to 30% by weight.