JPH0446883B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPH0446883B2 JPH0446883B2 JP63006134A JP613488A JPH0446883B2 JP H0446883 B2 JPH0446883 B2 JP H0446883B2 JP 63006134 A JP63006134 A JP 63006134A JP 613488 A JP613488 A JP 613488A JP H0446883 B2 JPH0446883 B2 JP H0446883B2
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- Prior art keywords
- ceramic powder
- magnet
- superconducting ceramic
- superconducting
- powder
- Prior art date
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- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
[産業上の利用分野]
本発明は、超電導セラミツク粉体の選別方法に
関し、詳しくは、超電導セラミツク粉体と常電導
セラミツク粉体との混合物から超電導セラミツク
粉体のみを選別する方法に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for sorting superconducting ceramic powder, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a method for sorting superconducting ceramic powder, and more specifically, for separating only superconducting ceramic powder from a mixture of superconducting ceramic powder and normal-conducting ceramic powder. Regarding the method of screening.
[従来の技術と発明が解決しようとする課題]
超電導セラミツク粉体は、例えば、酸化イツト
リウム(Y2O3)等の希土類金属の酸化物、炭酸
バリウム(BaCO3)等のアルカリ土類金属の炭
酸塩、及び、酸化第二銅(CuO)等の銅の酸化物
を特定の量比に混合し、この混合物の加熱、加
圧、焼結及び粉砕を繰返すと得られる。ところ
が、このようにして得たセラミツク粉体のすべて
が一挙に超電導化するのではなく、セラミツク粉
体の中には早く超電導化するものと遅く超電導化
するものとがある。[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention] Superconducting ceramic powders are, for example, oxides of rare earth metals such as yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 ), and oxides of alkaline earth metals such as barium carbonate (BaCO 3 ). It is obtained by mixing a carbonate and a copper oxide such as cupric oxide (CuO) in a specific quantitative ratio, and repeating heating, pressing, sintering, and pulverizing this mixture. However, not all of the ceramic powders obtained in this way become superconducting at once; some ceramic powders become superconducting quickly and others become superconducting slowly.
すでに超電導化しているセラミツク粉体を、常
電導セラミツク粉体、すなわち、超電導化してい
ないセラミツク粉体と一緒にして、加熱、加圧、
焼結及び粉砕を繰返すことは無駄な作業であり、
超電導セラミツク粉体を得るには、常電導セラミ
ツク粉体についてのみ前記作業をすれば充分であ
る。このために、超電導セラミツク粉体と常電導
セラミツク粉体との混合物から超電導セラミツク
粉体のみを選別する方法が望まれている。 Ceramic powder that has already become superconducting is combined with normal-conducting ceramic powder, that is, ceramic powder that has not become superconducting, and heated, pressurized,
Repeating sintering and crushing is wasteful work,
In order to obtain superconducting ceramic powder, it is sufficient to carry out the above operations only on normal-conducting ceramic powder. For this reason, there is a need for a method of separating only superconducting ceramic powder from a mixture of superconducting ceramic powder and normal-conducting ceramic powder.
そこで、磁石の上方に超電導セラミツク粉体と
常電導セラミツク粉体との混合物を投入し、マイ
スナー効果を利用して前記混合物中から超電導セ
ラミツク粉体を浮上させ、浮上した超電導セラミ
ツク粉体を集積することにより、超電導セラミツ
ク粉体と常電導セラミツク粉体との混合物から超
電導セラミツク粉体のみを選別するといつた方法
が考え出された(特開平1−176205号、特開昭63
−291653号、特開平1−179704号各公報参照)。 Therefore, a mixture of superconducting ceramic powder and normal-conducting ceramic powder is placed above the magnet, the superconducting ceramic powder is levitated from the mixture using the Meissner effect, and the levitated superconducting ceramic powder is accumulated. As a result, a method was devised in which only superconducting ceramic powder was selected from a mixture of superconducting ceramic powder and normal-conducting ceramic powder (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 176205/1989,
-291653 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-179704).
しかし、従来の選別方法にあつては、マイスナ
ー効果により浮上した超電導セラミツク粉体の一
部が前記磁石の外方に飛散してしまい、効率よく
選別できないといつた問題があつた。 However, in the conventional sorting method, a part of the superconducting ceramic powder floated due to the Meissner effect was scattered outside the magnet, making it impossible to sort efficiently.
上記に鑑みて、本発明は、前記混合物から超電
導セラミツク粉体を効率良く選別する方法を提供
することを課題とする。 In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently sorting superconducting ceramic powder from the mixture.
[課題を解決するための手段]
本発明に係る超電導セラミツク粉体の選別方法
は、
磁石の上方に超電導セラミツク粉体と常電導セ
ラミツク粉体との混合物を投入し、マイスナー効
果を利用して前記混合物中から超電導セラミツク
粉体を浮上させ、浮上した超電導セラミツク粉体
を集積する超電導セラミツク粉体の選別方法であ
つて、
前記磁石は、磁力の異なる複数の磁石の集合体
であり、該複数の磁石が中央部にゆくに従つて磁
場が強くなるように配置されてなるものである
か、あるいは、
中央部に凹部を有し、前記凹部の周壁の下部が
円弧状に形成されてなるものである
ことを特徴とする方法である。[Means for Solving the Problems] A method for sorting superconducting ceramic powder according to the present invention is as follows: A mixture of superconducting ceramic powder and normal-conducting ceramic powder is placed above a magnet, and the Meissner effect is used to sort out the superconducting ceramic powder. A method for sorting superconducting ceramic powder by levitating superconducting ceramic powder from a mixture and accumulating the floated superconducting ceramic powder, wherein the magnet is an aggregate of a plurality of magnets having different magnetic forces; Either the magnets are arranged so that the magnetic field becomes stronger toward the center, or the magnet has a recess in the center, and the lower part of the peripheral wall of the recess is formed in an arc shape. This method is characterized by certain things.
また、前記超電導セラミツク粉体の臨界温度が
常温より下の場合には、容器内に磁石を配置する
と共にこの容器内を超電導セラミツク粉体の臨界
温度以下に冷却し、この磁石の上方に前記混合物
を投入すると良い。 If the critical temperature of the superconducting ceramic powder is lower than room temperature, a magnet is placed inside the container, the inside of this container is cooled to below the critical temperature of the superconducting ceramic powder, and the mixture is placed above the magnet. It is a good idea to introduce
[作用]
磁石の上方に超電導セラミツク粉体と常電導セ
ラミツク粉体との混合物を投入すると、超電導セ
ラミツク粉体はマイスナー効果により完全反磁性
を示すので磁石の上方に浮上する。この浮上した
超電導セラミツク粉体を集積すると、混合物中か
ら超電導セラミツク粉体を選別することができ
る。[Operation] When a mixture of superconducting ceramic powder and normal-conducting ceramic powder is placed above the magnet, the superconducting ceramic powder exhibits complete diamagnetic properties due to the Meissner effect and floats above the magnet. When this floating superconducting ceramic powder is collected, the superconducting ceramic powder can be sorted out from the mixture.
前記磁石は、中央部が強い磁場を有しているの
で、超電導セラミツク粉体の集粉効果が高まり、
中央部の超電導セラミツク粉体はもちろんのこ
と、周辺部の超電導セラミツク粉体は内方の上方
に浮上し、磁石の周辺部は中央部よりも磁場が弱
いので、中央部の強い磁場により磁石の周辺部へ
飛散させられた超電導セラミツク粉体は、周辺部
の弱い磁場により磁石の外方へ飛散することが妨
げられる。 Since the magnet has a strong magnetic field at its center, the effect of collecting superconducting ceramic powder is enhanced.
Not only the superconducting ceramic powder in the center but also the superconducting ceramic powder in the periphery float upward inwardly, and since the magnetic field at the periphery of the magnet is weaker than the center, the strong magnetic field at the center causes the magnet to The superconducting ceramic powder scattered to the periphery is prevented from scattering to the outside of the magnet by the weak magnetic field in the periphery.
あるいは前記磁石は、中央部に凹部を有し、該
凹部の周壁の下部が円弧状に形成されているもの
であるため、周壁の近傍の超電導セラミツク粉体
は内方の上方へ浮上し、上記同様に、その一部が
磁石の外方へ飛散することが妨げられる。 Alternatively, the magnet has a recessed portion in the center, and the lower part of the peripheral wall of the recessed portion is formed in an arc shape, so that the superconducting ceramic powder near the peripheral wall floats inward and upward. Similarly, part of it is prevented from flying out of the magnet.
また、臨界温度が常温より下の超電導セラミツ
ク粉体の場合には、容器内に磁石を配置すると共
にこの容器内を臨界温度より下に冷却すると、超
電導セラミツク粉体は超電導状態が維持されるの
でマイスナー効果により浮上する。 In addition, in the case of superconducting ceramic powder whose critical temperature is below room temperature, if a magnet is placed inside the container and the inside of this container is cooled below the critical temperature, the superconducting ceramic powder will maintain its superconducting state. It floats to the surface due to the Meissner effect.
[実施例]
以下、本発明の第1の実施例を第1図に基づい
て説明する。[Example] Hereinafter, a first example of the present invention will be described based on FIG. 1.
符号10は円筒状の容器であつて、底部11と
この底部11に嵌合された蓋部12とからなる。 Reference numeral 10 denotes a cylindrical container, which is composed of a bottom portion 11 and a lid portion 12 fitted to the bottom portion 11.
容器10の底部11の上面には磁石14が配置
されている。磁石14は、中央部の円板状の磁石
14Aと、この磁石14Aの外方に配されたリン
グ状の磁石14Bと、さらにこの磁石14Bの外
方に配されたリング状の磁石14Cとからなる集
合体であり、磁石14Aは強い磁場を有し、磁石
14Bは磁石14Aよりも若干弱い磁場を、磁石
14Cは磁石14Bよりも更に若干弱い磁場を有
している。磁石14Aは強い磁場を有している
が、後述の選別しようとする超電導セラミツク粉
体32の超電導状態を破壊しないために、この超
電導セラミツク粉体32の臨界磁場よりも弱いこ
とが必要である。 A magnet 14 is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom 11 of the container 10. The magnet 14 is composed of a disc-shaped magnet 14A in the center, a ring-shaped magnet 14B arranged outside the magnet 14A, and a ring-shaped magnet 14C arranged outside the magnet 14B. The magnet 14A has a strong magnetic field, the magnet 14B has a slightly weaker magnetic field than the magnet 14A, and the magnet 14C has a slightly weaker magnetic field than the magnet 14B. Although the magnet 14A has a strong magnetic field, it needs to be weaker than the critical magnetic field of the superconducting ceramic powder 32 to be sorted, which will be described later, in order not to destroy the superconducting state of the superconducting ceramic powder 32 to be sorted.
磁石14の上方にはキセル状の集粉パイプ20
が配されており、この集粉パイプ20は磁石14
Aと略同径の円筒状の垂直部22と、この垂直部
22の上端から水平方向にのびる水平部24とよ
りなる。集粉パイプ20の垂直部22の下端は磁
石14Aの上面と対向し、水平部24はその中間
部において容器10の周壁13に支持されてい
る。水平部24における垂直部22と反対側の端
部には集粉袋(不図示)が取付けられており、こ
の集粉袋の内部は適当な減圧手段により減圧する
ことができるように形成されている。このように
することにより、減圧手段を作動すると、集粉袋
の内部、ひいては、集粉パイプ20の内部が減圧
される。 Above the magnet 14 is a pipe-like powder collecting pipe 20.
is arranged, and this powder collection pipe 20 has a magnet 14
It consists of a cylindrical vertical part 22 having approximately the same diameter as A, and a horizontal part 24 extending horizontally from the upper end of this vertical part 22. The lower end of the vertical portion 22 of the powder collecting pipe 20 faces the upper surface of the magnet 14A, and the horizontal portion 24 is supported by the peripheral wall 13 of the container 10 at an intermediate portion thereof. A dust collection bag (not shown) is attached to the end of the horizontal part 24 opposite to the vertical part 22, and the inside of this dust collection bag is formed so that the pressure can be reduced by an appropriate pressure reduction means. There is. By doing so, when the pressure reducing means is activated, the pressure inside the powder collecting bag and, by extension, the inside of the powder collecting pipe 20 is reduced.
次ぎに、以上のような構成の超電導セラミツク
粉体の選別装置を使用して、超電導セラミツク粉
体32と常電導セラミツク粉体34との混合物3
0から超電導セラミツク粉体32を選別する方法
を説明する。 Next, using the superconducting ceramic powder sorting device configured as described above, a mixture 3 of the superconducting ceramic powder 32 and the normal conducting ceramic powder 34 is separated.
A method for sorting superconducting ceramic powder 32 from zero will be explained.
まず、超電導セラミツク粉体32の臨界温度が
液体窒素の沸点近辺の場合には、超電導セラミツ
ク粉体32を液体窒素に漬けてこの超電導セラミ
ツク粉体32の温度を液体窒素の温度まで低下さ
せておくと共に、容器10の内部もこの温度まで
低下させておく。このようにしておいて、適当な
方法で、選別しようとする混合部30を磁石14
の上面に投入すると、常電導セラミツク粉体34
は磁石14の上面に置かれたままであるが、超電
導セラミツク粉体32はマイスナー効果により完
全反磁性を示すので、磁石14の上面から上方へ
浮上する。次ぎに、減圧手段を作動させると、浮
上した超電導セラミツク粉体32は集粉パイプ2
0の垂直部22の内部に吸引され、水平部24を
通つて集粉袋の内部に集められる。なお、超電導
セラミツク粉体32の臨界温度が常温以上であれ
ば、前記容器10の内部温度を低下させる必要が
ないのは当然である。 First, if the critical temperature of the superconducting ceramic powder 32 is near the boiling point of liquid nitrogen, the superconducting ceramic powder 32 is immersed in liquid nitrogen to lower the temperature of the superconducting ceramic powder 32 to the temperature of liquid nitrogen. At the same time, the temperature inside the container 10 is also lowered to this temperature. In this manner, the mixed portion 30 to be sorted is moved to the magnet 14 using an appropriate method.
When placed on top of the normal conducting ceramic powder 34
remains placed on the upper surface of the magnet 14, but since the superconducting ceramic powder 32 exhibits complete diamagnetic properties due to the Meissner effect, it floats upward from the upper surface of the magnet 14. Next, when the pressure reducing means is activated, the floating superconducting ceramic powder 32 is transferred to the powder collecting pipe 2.
The dust is sucked into the vertical part 22 of the dust collector, passes through the horizontal part 24, and is collected inside the dust collection bag. Incidentally, as long as the critical temperature of the superconducting ceramic powder 32 is above room temperature, it is natural that there is no need to lower the internal temperature of the container 10.
前記実施例においては、磁石14の中央部が強
い磁場を有しているので、超電導セラミツク粉体
32が良く浮上し集粉パイプ20の集粉効果が高
まる。この場合において、磁石14の周辺部は中
央部よりも磁場が弱いので、中央部の強い磁場に
より磁石14の周辺部へ飛散させられた超電導セ
ラミツク粉体32は、周辺部の弱い磁場により磁
石14の外方へ飛散することが妨げられる。 In the embodiment described above, since the center portion of the magnet 14 has a strong magnetic field, the superconducting ceramic powder 32 floats well and the powder collection effect of the powder collection pipe 20 is enhanced. In this case, since the magnetic field at the periphery of the magnet 14 is weaker than at the center, the superconducting ceramic powder 32 scattered to the periphery of the magnet 14 due to the strong magnetic field at the center is transferred to the magnet 14 due to the weak magnetic field at the periphery. This prevents the particles from scattering outward.
なお、前記実施例の磁石14に代えて、磁石1
4を第2図に示すような形状にしてもよい。すな
わち、この磁石14はその中央部に皿状の凹部1
6が穿設され、凹部16の周壁17の下部は円弧
状に形成されている。このようにすることによ
り、周壁17の近傍の超電導セラミツク粉体32
は内方の上方へ浮上し、前記同様に、磁石14の
外方へ飛散することが妨げられる。 In addition, instead of the magnet 14 in the above embodiment, the magnet 1
4 may have a shape as shown in FIG. That is, this magnet 14 has a dish-shaped recess 1 in its center.
6 is bored, and the lower part of the peripheral wall 17 of the recess 16 is formed in an arc shape. By doing this, the superconducting ceramic powder 32 near the peripheral wall 17
floats inward and upward, and similarly to the above, is prevented from scattering to the outside of the magnet 14.
以下、本発明の第2の実施例を第3図に基づい
て説明する。 A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
この実施例においては、磁石14は樋状であつ
て、凹溝18が磁石14の中央部を長さ方向に貫
通している。また、前記凹溝18の手前側及び奥
行側の両側壁の下部は、図にも明らかなように、
円弧状に形成されている。 In this embodiment, the magnet 14 is trough-shaped, with a groove 18 passing through the center of the magnet 14 in the length direction. Further, as is clear from the figure, the lower portions of both walls on the front side and the back side of the groove 18 are as follows.
It is formed in an arc shape.
磁石14の奥方には長い直方体状の集粉箱26
が配されている。集粉箱26の手前側の側壁27
の上部は切欠されており、切欠された側壁27の
上端と磁石14の奥壁19の上端とが面一になる
ような状態で側壁27と奥壁19とは隣接してい
る。 Behind the magnet 14 is a long rectangular parallelepiped dust collection box 26.
are arranged. Front side wall 27 of the powder collection box 26
The upper part of the magnet 14 is notched, and the side wall 27 and the back wall 19 are adjacent to each other such that the top end of the cut side wall 27 and the top end of the back wall 19 of the magnet 14 are flush with each other.
この装置を使用して混合物から超電導セラミツ
ク粉体32を選別するには、磁石14の凹溝18
の内部に混合物を投入し、前記同様に超電導セラ
ミツク粉体32のみを浮上させ、磁石14の手前
から適当なフアンにより、浮上した超電導セラミ
ツク粉体32を奥方へ吹飛ばす。このようにする
と、磁石14の上面には常電導セラミツク粉体3
4が残されたままであるが、集粉箱26の内部に
は超電導セラミツク粉体32が集められる。 To sort superconducting ceramic powder 32 from a mixture using this device, the recessed groove 18 of the magnet 14 is
The mixture is put into the inside of the magnet 14, and only the superconducting ceramic powder 32 is levitated in the same manner as described above, and the levitated superconducting ceramic powder 32 is blown away from in front of the magnet 14 using a suitable fan. In this way, the normal conductive ceramic powder 3 is placed on the upper surface of the magnet 14.
4 remains, but superconducting ceramic powder 32 is collected inside the powder collecting box 26.
また、前述したように、凹溝18の手前側及び
奥行側の両側壁の下部が円弧状に形成されている
ため、両側壁の近傍の、特に手前側の側壁の近傍
の超電導セラミツク粉体32は内方の上方へ浮上
し、磁石14の外方へ飛散することが妨げられ
る。 Further, as described above, since the lower portions of both walls on the front side and the back side of the groove 18 are formed in an arc shape, the superconducting ceramic powder 32 near both side walls, especially near the side wall on the front side, floats inward and upward, and is prevented from scattering to the outside of the magnet 14.
なお、前記第1及び第2の実施例に代えて、マ
イスナー効果により浮上した超電導セラミツク粉
体32を、適当な大きさのひしやく(不図示)等
ですくい集めてもよい。 Note that instead of the first and second embodiments, the superconducting ceramic powder 32 floated due to the Meissner effect may be scooped up and collected with an appropriately sized scoop (not shown) or the like.
[発明の効果]
本発明の超電導セラミツク粉体の選別方法によ
り、超電導セラミツク粉体と常電導セラミツク粉
体との混合物から超電導セラミツク粉体を効率良
く選別することができる。[Effects of the Invention] According to the method for sorting superconducting ceramic powder of the present invention, superconducting ceramic powder can be efficiently sorted from a mixture of superconducting ceramic powder and normal-conducting ceramic powder.
第1図は、本発明の第1の実施例に係る超電導
セラミツク粉体の選別方法に使用する装置の断面
図、第2図は、第1図に示す装置における磁石の
変更例を示す断面図、第3図は、本発明の第2の
実施例に係る超電導セラミツク粉体の選別方法に
使用する装置の斜視図である。
符号の説明、10…容器、14,14A,14
B,14C…磁石、20…集粉パイプ、26…集
粉箱、30…混合物、32…超電導セラミツク粉
体、34…常電導セラミツク粉体。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an apparatus used in the method for sorting superconducting ceramic powder according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a modified example of the magnet in the apparatus shown in FIG. 1. , FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an apparatus used in a method for sorting superconducting ceramic powder according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Explanation of symbols, 10... Container, 14, 14A, 14
B, 14C... Magnet, 20... Powder collecting pipe, 26... Powder collecting box, 30... Mixture, 32... Superconducting ceramic powder, 34... Normal conducting ceramic powder.
Claims (1)
セラミツク粉体との混合物を投入し、マイスナー
効果を利用して前記混合物中から超電導セラミツ
ク粉体を浮上させ、浮上した超電導セラミツク粉
体を集積する超電導セラミツク粉体の選別方法で
あつて、 前記磁石は、 磁力の異なる複数の磁石の集合体であり、該複
数の磁石が中央部にゆくに従つて磁場が強くなる
ように配置されてなるものであるか、あるいは、 中央部に凹部を有し、前記凹部の周壁の下部が
円弧状に形成されてなるものである ことを特徴とする超電導セラミツク粉体の選別方
法。 2 容器内に磁石を配置すると共にこの容器内を
臨界温度以下に冷却し、この磁石の上方に前記混
合物を投入することを特徴とする第1項記載の超
電導セラミツク粉体の選別方法。[Scope of Claims] 1. A mixture of superconducting ceramic powder and normal-conducting ceramic powder is placed above a magnet, and the superconducting ceramic powder is levitated from the mixture using the Meissner effect. A method for sorting superconducting ceramic powder by accumulating powder, wherein the magnet is an aggregate of a plurality of magnets having different magnetic forces, and the magnetic field of the plurality of magnets becomes stronger as they move toward the center. 1. A method for sorting superconducting ceramic powder, characterized in that the powder has a concave portion in the center and a lower part of the circumferential wall of the concave portion is formed in an arc shape. 2. The method for sorting superconducting ceramic powder according to item 1, which comprises arranging a magnet in a container, cooling the inside of the container to below a critical temperature, and charging the mixture above the magnet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63006134A JPH01183404A (en) | 1988-01-14 | 1988-01-14 | How to sort superconducting ceramic powder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63006134A JPH01183404A (en) | 1988-01-14 | 1988-01-14 | How to sort superconducting ceramic powder |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01183404A JPH01183404A (en) | 1989-07-21 |
| JPH0446883B2 true JPH0446883B2 (en) | 1992-07-31 |
Family
ID=11630031
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63006134A Granted JPH01183404A (en) | 1988-01-14 | 1988-01-14 | How to sort superconducting ceramic powder |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01183404A (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63291653A (en) * | 1987-05-23 | 1988-11-29 | Fujikura Ltd | Manufacture of superconducting material of oxide |
| JPH01176205A (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1989-07-12 | Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd | Production of superconducting substance |
| JPH01179704A (en) * | 1988-01-09 | 1989-07-17 | Fujikura Ltd | Separation of single crystal of superconducting oxide |
-
1988
- 1988-01-14 JP JP63006134A patent/JPH01183404A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01183404A (en) | 1989-07-21 |
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