JPH0448920B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a mechanical shield that prevents rotation of the shield body during excavation work and enables the excavation of horizontal and vertical holes.

[Conventional technology]

BACKGROUND ART In recent years, mechanical shield construction methods have been widely used as a means for excavating tunnels, water supply and sewerage lines, power line tunnels, and the like.

In this shield construction method, a cutter driving motor provided within the shield body (steel shell) rotates the cutter directly or via a reduction mechanism to excavate earth and sand (earth and stones).

In order to prevent the shield body from rotating due to the reaction force acting in the opposite direction to the rotation of the cutter drive motor during excavation, a plurality of resistance plates are placed around the outer periphery of the shield body in the longitudinal direction. It is provided.

This resistance plate is effective in horizontal hole excavation because the circumferential frictional resistance between the shield body and earth and sand is large due to the shield's own weight, but it is difficult to apply to vertical hole excavation.

In other words, when drilling vertical holes for bridge girders or excavating and boring for submarine resources, etc., it is necessary to firmly fix the drive motor so that the drill drive motor does not reverse against the rotational reaction force of the excavation drill. Buildings are needed.

Furthermore, there are no drills for drilling vertical holes that have a large diameter comparable to shields for drilling horizontal holes, and the reality is that holes as large as horizontal holes cannot be drilled.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In view of the above-mentioned points, an object of the present invention is to provide a means for efficiently excavating a large-diameter vertical hole in the seabed or the like without requiring support from a strong structure.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an output shaft of a cutter drive motor and a housing rotatably in opposite directions inside a shield main body, connects a first cutter drum to the output shaft, and connects a first cutter drum to the output shaft. A second cutter drum is connected to the housing, and the first cutter drum and the second cutter drum are rotated in opposite directions by the output shaft and the housing, which rotates in reverse direction by the rotational reaction force of the output shaft. In addition, the same number of forward rotation motors for driving cutters and reverse rotation motors for driving cutters with the same output as the forward rotation motors for driving cutters are provided inside the shield body, and the forward rotation motors and the reverse rotation motors have the same number of rotations. A structure is adopted in which each motor drives a separate cutter drum arranged concentrically.

[Effect]

When excavating, by the former method mentioned above,
Since the output shaft of the cutter drive motor and the housing body rotate in opposite directions to drive the respective cutter drums, the reaction forces generated by excavation can be canceled out and rotation of the shield can be prevented.

Furthermore, by the latter means, the same output and the same number of forward rotation motors and reverse rotation motors for driving cutters simultaneously drive separate cutter drums, so that the reaction forces acting on the shield body are equal in magnitude and Since the directions are opposite, rotation of the shield can be prevented.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the torque-balanced mechanical shield of the present invention, in which a cutter drive motor 4 is provided inside the shield body 1, and an output shaft 5 of the motor 4 is provided with a cutter drive motor 4. an inner cutter drum 23 driven by the shield body 1; and an outer cutter drum 24 driven by the housing 6 of the motor 4, which is rotatably supported by the shield body 1.
are arranged on concentric circles.

The output shaft 5 of the motor 4 and the inner cutter drum 23
A speed reduction mechanism 7 using a planetary gear is interposed between the two. In other words, a sun gear (external gear) 8 is provided on the output shaft 5, and a plurality of planetary gears 9 are provided on the outer periphery of the sun gear 8. Ring-shaped internal gear 10
is provided.

The planetary gear 9 is pivotally supported by gear support walls 20, 20' extending inside the shield body 1 via bearings 19a.

Then, the internal cutter drum 2 is attached to the internal gear 10.
3 are joined together.

An inner cutter wheel 25 is provided at the tip of the inner cutter drum 23, and excavation cutters 27 are arranged radially and staggered in each row on the cutter wheel 25, and the cutters 27 are secured by bolts or the like. Fixed and replaceable.

On the other hand, a speed reduction mechanism 13 using a planetary gear is also interposed between the housing 6 of the motor 4 and the outer cutter drum 24. That is, a slip ring 12 is provided so that the rotating body 11 is connected to the rotatable housing 6. is fixedly provided, and a ring-shaped sun gear (external gear) is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating body 11.
14 is provided, and a ring-shaped internal gear 16 is further provided on the outer periphery of the sun gear 14 with a plurality of planetary gears 15 interposed therebetween.

The planetary gear 15 is pivotally supported by the gear support walls 2, 20 of the shield body 1 via a bearing 19c.

An outer cutter drum 24 is provided integrally or joined to the internal gear 16, and an annular outer cutter wheel 2 is attached to the tip of the outer cutter drum 24.
6 is provided.

The outer cutter wheel 26 is also provided with a cutter 28 similar to that described above, and these cutter wheels 25 and 26 are provided with elongated earth and sand sampling ports 29 radially.

The internal gear 10 is supported by the gear support wall 20 via bearings 19b and 19c, and
The rotating body 11 has a bearing 19 on the gear support wall 2.
d, and also between the internal gear 16 and the gear support wall 2,
3 and between the inner cutter wheel 25 and the outer cutter drum 24, bearings 1 are provided, respectively.
9f, g, h... are interposed.

Taper bearings or roller bearings are used for these bearings 19b-d, f-h so as to withstand high loads.

Further, screw conveyors 21 and 22 for transporting earth and sand are connected to the outer peripheries of the inner cutter drum 23 and the outer cutter drum 24, respectively, and the cutter drive motor 4 is connected to the screw conveyors 21, 22, respectively.
It also serves as the power source for 22.

In the figure, numeral 30 denotes an earth and sand transport hole, through which earth and sand are discharged by a belt conveyor (not shown) or the like.

Further, a brake plate 17 is bonded to and provided on the rotating body 11, and a brake lining 18 is provided on the gear support wall 2 of the shield body 1.

This brake mechanism is controlled by a signal from a drive torque sensor (not shown) on the output shaft 5.
That is, when the inner cutter wheel 25 hits a rock and the rotation of the wheel 25 stops or slows down, the output shaft 5 idles the planetary gear 9 on the circumference of the internal gear 10 to transmit the drive torque. Therefore, the information signal turns on the brake to stop the rotating body 11, that is, the outer cutter wheel 26, and uses that torque to drive the output shaft 5, thereby doubling the torque of the output shaft 5 and cutting the rock. It can be excavated.

Note that if the brake mechanism is provided on both the housing side and the output shaft side, it becomes possible to distribute the driving torque to both the outer cutter wheel 26 and the inner cutter wheel 25.

Furthermore, in these cases, rotation can be prevented by providing a resistance plate 31 on the outer periphery of the shield body 1.

In the figure, 32 is a resistance plate rotatably supported in order to reduce the resistance when entering the soil.

Further, the gear support wall 2 and the outer cutter wheel 26 of the shield main body 1 can be separated at the joints shown at 34 and 33 in the figure, and the internal structure of the shield can be completely recovered after excavation is completed.

In the figure, numeral 35 is a hydraulic jack for lining segments (not shown) and for propelling the shield itself.

Here, to explain the operation of this embodiment, when the cutter drive motor 4 is started, the output shaft 5 rotates and the housing 6 rotates in the opposite direction. This increases the rotation of each cutter drum 23, 24 in opposite directions.

That is, when the sun gear 8 provided on the output shaft 5 rotates in the direction A in the figure, the planetary gears 9 rotate in the direction B, causing the internal gear 10 to rotate in the direction C.

Therefore, the inner cutter drum 23 rotates in two directions to excavate earth and sand with the cutters 27 provided on the drum 23, and the inner screw conveyor 2
1 transports the waste (earth and sand).

On the other hand, the external gear 14 provided on the rotating body 11 of the housing 6 rotates in the E direction and rotates the planetary gear 15 in the F direction, so the internal gear 16, that is, the outer cutter drum 24 is rotated in the G direction. The cutter 28 provided on the drum 24 and the outer screw conveyor 22 perform excavation and conveyance in the opposite direction to the inner cutter drum 23.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the torque-balanced mechanical shield of the present invention, in which a motor fixing wall 37 is provided projecting inside the shield body 36, and the shield axis center m is set with respect to the fixing wall 37. The normal rotation motor 3 for driving the inner cutter radially from
8a,b, and the normal rotation motor 38a,
Cutter drive reversing motors 39a, b with the same output as b
are arranged in equal numbers (two each in the figure) at symmetrical positions.

And these motors 38a-b, 39a-
Small gears 40a,
40b, 40c, and 40d, and a ring-shaped internal gear 4 that meshes with the small gears 40a to 40d.
2 and 44 and external gears 41 and 43 are provided concentrically with respect to the shield axis center m.

Incidentally, the greater the number of cutter drive motors, the more the digging force can be increased, but even in that case, it is desirable to provide the same number of forward and reverse rotation motors.

Now, the respective internal gears 42 and 44 and the external gear 4
1, 43 has katsuta drums 50, 51, 52, 5
3 are provided integrally or joined together, and each cutter drum 50 to 53 has a cutter wheel 54,
55, 56, and 57 are arranged concentrically.

That is, a disc-shaped cutter wheel 54 is provided on the innermost cutter drum 50, and ring-shaped cutters are arranged in the order of the inner toothed cutter drum 51, the external toothed cutter drum 52, and the outermost inner toothed cutter drum 53 from the axis. Wheels 55-57 are provided.

Each of the cutter wheels 54 to 57 is provided with replaceable cutters 58, 59, 60, and 61.

Furthermore, screw conveyors 46, 47,
48 and 49 are provided.

Here, to explain the operation of this embodiment, when the normal rotation motors 38a and 38b provided inside rotate in the are rotated in opposite directions, respectively, to drive the cutter wheels 54 and 55 oppositely.

Furthermore, reversing motors 39a, 39 provided on the outside
b rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation of the normal rotation motors 39a to 39b (in the direction), and the small gears 4 of the output shafts a' and b'
Since 0c and 40d rotate the external gear 43 and the internal gear 44 in the opposite direction to the external gear 41 and the internal gear 42, respectively, the cutter wheels 56 and 57 rotate the cutter wheel 54. , 55.

That is, the cutter wheels 54 to 57 alternately rotate in opposition to each other.

Therefore, during excavation, the reaction force applied to the shield body 1 is canceled out, so rotation does not occur, and therefore there is no need to firmly fix the shield body 1 even when excavating a vertical hole.

The gears 41 to 44 and the cutter drums 50 to 53 are supported by rollers or tapered bearings 45a to 45d that can withstand high loads, and the motor fixing wall 37 of the shield body 1 and the outermost cutter wheel 57 can be separated at the joints shown at 62 and 63 in the figure, and the internal structure of the shield can be completely recovered after excavation is completed, as in the previous embodiment.

According to this embodiment, the shield diameter (cutter wheel diameter) can be made larger than in the previous embodiment.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the present invention has a structure in which the drive reaction force of the cutter drive motor is canceled out and rotation does not occur in the shield body, so a single machine can be used for excavating both horizontal and vertical holes. This has the effect of significantly reducing the cost required for producing an excavator, and when used for excavating vertical holes, it is possible to excavate holes with a larger diameter than previously possible, increasing the efficiency of excavation work. This is a powerful tool for developing undersea resources.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the torque-balanced mechanical shield of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. 1, 36... Shield body, 4... Cutter drive motor, 5... Output shaft, 6... Housing,
7, 13...Deceleration mechanism, 17...Brake plate, 1
8...Brake lining, 19a-h, 45a
~d...Bearing, 23...Inner cutter drum, 24...Outer cutter drum, 38a, 38b
...Forward rotation motor for driving the cutter, 39a, 39b...
...Reverse rotation motor for driving cutters, 50, 51, 52,
53...Katsuta drum.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An output shaft of a cutter drive motor and a housing are provided inside the shield body so as to be rotatable in opposite directions, a first cutter drum is connected to the output shaft, and a second cutter drum is connected to the housing. The cutter drums are connected, and the first cutter drum and the second cutter drum are rotatable in opposite directions by the output shaft and the housing that rotates in the reverse direction by a rotational reaction force of the output shaft. A torque-balanced mechanical shield characterized by: 2 Inside the shield body, the same number of forward rotation motors for driving cutters and reverse rotation motors for driving cutters with the same output as the forward rotation motors for driving cutters are provided, and the forward rotation motors and the reverse rotation motors are respectively arranged on concentric circles. A torque-balanced mechanical shield characterized by driving separate cutter drums.