JPH0449631B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a suspended structure building in which a building is supported by a shaft installed in the ground. In particular, it provides a lightweight building that can easily withstand vertical and horizontal forces such as seismic forces and wind forces.

Buildings built using conventional construction methods are constructed by assembling floors, columns, walls, and roofs one after another on a foundation set on the ground, and the structural materials are subjected to compressive force as they are assembled.
The structure supports the weight of the superstructure.
For this reason, the structural materials must be made of materials with high compression resistance such as wood and concrete, or even if steel frames are used, they must be thicker to increase the compression resistance, resulting in the weight of the building. was becoming a big thing.

On the other hand, industrial materials such as metals are generally stronger in tension than in compression, and in particular, many of the so-called new materials such as high tensile strength wire and carbon fiber have high tensile strength, and can be used to suspend entire buildings. Consists of structure,
By utilizing the tensile strength of these materials, it is expected that buildings that are extremely lightweight and have high strength can be obtained.

On the other hand, since 74% of Japan's land is made up of mountains, volcanic areas, and hills, there are many sloping areas. This shows a tendency for people to actively use their spaces as living spaces. However, the method used to utilize this area is to cut the slope and form terraced flat land, which disrupts the natural system such as topography and vegetation, leading to dangers such as landslides. It was causing consequences.

In this regard, it goes without saying that single-pillar structures are advantageous because they require minimal foundation work. In fact, various single-pillar structures have been proposed in the past.

However, as shown in Figure 1, the conventionally proposed single-column structure has floor support beams and roof support beams extending radially from a column erected from the foundation. Either, as shown in Fig. 2, the structure was such that a suitable living space was formed protruding from thick pillars that also had lifting equipment. Naturally, these structures have a cantilever structure in which the pillars and the structures forming the living space, such as floors and roofs, are rigidly connected. The resulting vibrations are directly transmitted to each other, and a large bending moment acts on the pillars, which has the disadvantage of requiring extremely strong pillars to cope with this.

In addition, even in the case of a suspension structure centered on a single pillar, the floor is directly supported at appropriate intervals from long support beams extending radially from the top end of the pillar, as shown in Figure 3. In the case of a multi-support suspension structure, there is a risk that the acting moment will be amplified, making vibration absorption complicated and difficult, resulting in an unstable structure.

In order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional system, this invention provides a vibration absorbing device at the upper end of a shaft installed on a foundation, and connects the roof, walls, and floor with a suspended structure through the vibration absorbing device. At the same time as supporting
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a suspended structure building in which a vibration absorbing device is also formed at a position where the floor and shaft face each other.

The present invention will be described in detail below based on examples.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing a one-column suspended structure of a suspended structure building, which is an embodiment of the present invention. 1
is a foundation buried in the ground 2, and its center is a hollow 3 with a bottom. The size of the foundation 1 is determined by the bearing capacity of the ground and the load of the building; for example, if the building load is 60 tons and the bearing capacity of the ground is 5 t/m ² , it will be 12M ² . Various methods can be considered for forming the foundation 1, but if the location is taken into consideration, it is best to use an earth drill in its outer shape and screw it into the ground. In addition, in order to effectively apply the soil bearing capacity to the upper end 4 of the foundation 1,
A pad 5 projecting outward in a brim shape is integrally formed. An elastic body 7 is arranged in the bottomed part 6 of the bottomed hollow 3 of the foundation 1, and a long shaft 8 is inserted into the upper part of the elastic body 7, and the shaft 8 is extended from the foundation 1 according to the required height of the building. Formed to protrude in the vertical direction. The shaft 8 is a metal pipe that has the necessary strength to prevent buckling, and can also absorb horizontal forces due to the flexibility of its members.
Appropriate materials such as PC concrete pipes are selected.

A roof holder 9 is fixed to the tip of the shaft 8 and projects radially outward from the shaft 8, and an elastic body 10 made of an appropriate number of elastomers, springs, etc. is attached to the roof holder 9. The other end of the elastic body 10 is attached to a sliding frame 11, forming a vertical vibration absorbing device 12 as a whole. As shown in the perspective view of FIG.
1 forms a predetermined gap H with the shaft 8, the vibration transmitted to the shaft 8 is transmitted to the elastic body 10.
is absorbed by the interlocking energy of the sliding frame 11
The transmission to the building body A, which is fixed to the building body A, is greatly alleviated. Conversely, the pressure applied to the building body A due to wind pressure or the like is absorbed by the movement of the elastic body 10, as described above, and the transmission to the shaft side is greatly alleviated.

As can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 7, the building body A is composed of a roof 13, walls 14, and a floor 15, and is formed so that the shaft 8 is located approximately in the center in consideration of load balance. ing. The roof 13 is formed of a hipped roof, and the rafters forming the corner ridges 16 are formed of hanging wires 17 or steel frames 17', one end of which is attached to the sliding frame 11, and the other end of which is attached to the steel frame or steel frame 17'. It is attached to a corner of a horizontal beam 18 made of wood or the like. Horizontal beam 18, 18', 18'', 1
8 are connected horizontal beams that are connected to each other to form a substantially regular square, each corner of which is connected to the sliding frame 1.
This means that it is connected to 1.

Hanging wires 19 or pillars 20 of steel frames 19' are suspended substantially vertically from the ends of each of the horizontal beams 18, forming both ends of the wall 14. It is possible to form other pillars, studs, frames, etc. at appropriate locations between the pillars depending on the size of the wall or the members such as wall plates and aluminum sash forming the wall surface.

The other end of the pillar 20 is a floor plate 21 that forms the floor 15.
, and maintains the horizontal state of the floorboard 21. A living space is formed by the roof 13, walls 14, and floor 15. The floor plate 21 has a perforated portion 22 approximately at its center so that a gap S is formed between it and the shaft 8, and its overall shape is a regular polygon (regular square in the embodiment). used. As shown in FIG. 6, a cylindrical body 23 is vertically fixed to the back surface of the end of the floorboard 21 on the side of the perforated part 22, and a projection 24 is left at the bottom end of the cylindrical body 23, which protrudes inward from the end. A circular perforated portion 25 is formed approximately at the center thereof. Said circular perforated part 25
The upper end of a cylindrical core 26 erected from the pad 5 on the foundation 1 is inserted into. An upper protrusion 27 and a lower protrusion 28 are formed to protrude outward from the tip of the core 26 and a position adjacent thereto, sandwiching the protrusion 24 of the cylindrical body 23, and the upper surface side of the protrusion 24 and the upper protrusion The lower surface side of 27, the lower surface side of protrusion 24, and the upper surface side of lower protrusion 28 are connected by elastic bodies 29 and 30, respectively. Also, the side end portion of the protrusion 24 and the upper and lower protrusions 2 facing it
The side walls of the cylindrical core 26 between 7 and 28 are also connected by an elastic body 31 as described above. The above configuration forms a rotational and horizontal vibration absorbing device 32. This vibration absorbing device 32 also has the same features as described above.
Since a predetermined gap S is formed between the shaft 8 and the shaft 8, transmission of vibrations from the shaft 8 is prevented. In addition, vibrations such as earthquakes are directly transmitted to the cylindrical core 26 erected on the pad 5 that is integrated with the foundation 1, but the vibrations are absorbed by the elastic bodies 29, 30, and 31, and the building The transmission to main body A is greatly relaxed. Conversely, the horizontal shaking or rotational force due to wind pressure applied to the building body A is also caused by the elastic bodies 29, 3.
0.31, this is greatly alleviated. It goes without saying that these vibration absorbing devices are provided with dampers as well as elastic bodies, as is well known.

With the above configuration, the building body A is formed independently from both the shaft 8 and the foundation 1 via elastic bodies, so mutual vibration transmission is greatly reduced.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the rotational and horizontal vibration absorber 35.
Pile 3 firmly fixed to the end of 5 and the ground at appropriate locations
6 are connected by a flexible band-like body 37 such as a chain or string. Then, a weight 3 is placed at an appropriate location on the strip 37 between the pile 36 and the floor 15.
8 are arranged. The weight 38 is not fixed to the ground, and when the suspended structure rotates around the shaft or moves horizontally as shown in FIG. 9B, tension acts on the band 37. As a result, the weight 38 is lifted from the ground.The weight of the weight 38, which has been lifted by the above-mentioned action, in turn pulls the strip 37 toward the ground due to the weight of the weight 38. As the tension force acts on the strip 37, the floor 15 moves to return to its original state. By repeating these movements, the rotational force and horizontal force acting on the building are absorbed, and the building quickly returns to its original state.

In addition, the roof, walls, and
For finishing materials such as floors and some structural materials, conventionally used lightweight construction materials may be used, but in order to demonstrate the characteristics of a suspended structure that supports the structure with tension, it is necessary to use fibers. New materials such as reinforced metals can be used to great advantage. As a result, the structural members that provide strength need only be thin, making it possible to significantly reduce the weight of the building.As the structural members are thin, their appearance can be improved by covering their surfaces with low-strength materials, such as thinned wood. This makes it easier to improve livability.

In the above embodiment, a single-post suspended structure in which one building A is supported by one pillar was explained, but in order to form a building with a large floor area, multiple single-post suspended structures may be used. This can be achieved by installing it upright. In this case, adjacent single-post suspended structures are connected by a vibration absorbing joint such as an expansion joint.

In addition, as shown in Figure 10, multiple shafts may be erected as needed, and roofs and
It is also possible to obtain a structure with a large floor area by forming walls and floors. By increasing the number of shafts, a more stable suspended structure building can be obtained, and the resulting properties such as lighter weight and earthquake resistance are the same as those described above. , various design changes are possible within the scope of this invention.

Further, in the above embodiment, a square floor is shown, but any suitable shape such as a hexagon or an octagon can be used. In this case, an isosceles triangular roof connecting the wall and the shaft 8 is used.

Further, it is best to use the core 26 for lifting equipment, electricity, gas, water, etc. to the building main body, but other means, such as from outside the building main body, are also possible.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the protrusion 24 is inserted between the side walls 33 and 33' that close the upper and lower protrusions 27 and 28 formed on the cylindrical core 26, and
By forming elastic bodies 34 on both side walls of 4,
This is particularly effective in preventing the building body from rotating.

As described above in detail with respect to the embodiments, the suspended structure building of the present invention has the following remarkable effects.

Buildings, with the exception of columns, are supported by the tension of structural materials, so by making use of high tensile strength materials,
It is possible to create a building that is extremely lightweight and highly durable.

Because buildings can be supported with only a small number of pillars, there is no need to disrupt the natural system of carving out slopes in sloping areas to form terraced flat land.
It is possible to obtain a building suitable for a wide range of uses such as a villa, a mountain lodge, and a leisure house.

Since it is composed of a small number of foundations, a small number of pillars, and lightweight building materials, it can be easily prefabricated, and the assembly and construction of the building is much simpler and easier than with general multi-column buildings. We were able to speed up the process.

Because the number of columns that act as structural members is small, restrictions on floor plans are greatly relaxed, making it possible to create a building with a desired size of space.
In an embodiment of the invention, the floor area is approximately
It is ^100m2 (10m x 10m) and the ceiling height is approx.
A 3.5m length was adopted.

Since the building is supported by a small number of columns and its floor is formed and maintained at a higher level than the ground level, a large space can be secured under the floor, and by connecting the building site to the road, it can be used as a garage. It became possible to use it as a storage space or as a storeroom.

Because there are only a small number of contact points with the ground, it is possible to easily detect vibration waves such as earthquakes that are transmitted through the ground, and at the same time there is no need to worry about uneven settlement of the foundation.

A small number of columns are connected to the roof, walls, and floor via vibration absorption devices, so vibrations transmitted from the foundation and columns are not transmitted directly to the building itself.
It has become possible to significantly reduce the vibration. Conversely, the rotational force or horizontal force applied to the building body by wind, etc., is greatly alleviated by the vibration absorbing device, as described above, and is prevented from being transmitted to the foundation and columns. .

By using the connection between the upper end of the column and the building body as one fulcrum, the transmission of vibration between the column and the building body is simplified, and the vibration absorption mechanism becomes easy.

Since the vibration absorbing device was formed at the position where the pillars and the floor faced each other, it became possible to broadly and effectively alleviate the rotational force or horizontal force applied to the building.

A building space of a desired size can be easily obtained by connecting adjacent suspended structures.

〓 By forming a vibration absorption device using a weight on the outside of the building, it has become possible to quickly absorb rotational force or horizontal force applied to the building body by wind, etc.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a conventional suspension structure, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a conventional suspension structure, FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a multi-support suspension structure, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention. 5 is a perspective view of the same vibration absorbing device, FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same vibration absorbing device, and FIG. 7 is a needle perspective view of the same pillar suspended structure. Figure 8 is a perspective view showing the anti-rotation device, Figures 9 A and B are side views of another embodiment showing the vibration preventing means, and Figure 10 is a perspective view showing the anti-rotation device.
The figures are a perspective view in (a) and a side view in (b) of a suspended structure building made up of a plurality of shafts. 1: Foundation, 2: Ground, 5: Pad, 8: Shaft, 10: Elastic body, 12: Vibration absorber, 13:
Roof, 14: Wall, 15: Floor, 29, 30, 31:
Elastic body, 32, 35: vibration absorber.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A shaft 8 is erected on the ground via a foundation 1,
A vibration absorbing device 12 is formed at the upper end of the shaft 8, and the roof 13, walls 14, and floor 15 are constructed via the vibration absorbing device 12, and at the same time, other vibration absorbing devices are installed at the position where the floor 15 and the shaft 8 face each other. Absorption device 32
A suspended structure building characterized by forming. 2 The vibration absorbing device 12 at the upper end of the shaft 8 is connected to a roof holder 9 formed to protrude radially from the shaft 8.
The suspended structure building according to claim 1, characterized in that it is constituted by an elastic body (10) connecting the sliding frame (11) and a sliding frame (11) movable along the shaft (8). 3 The vibration absorbing device 32 formed at a position where the floor 15 and the shaft 8 face each other has a cylindrical body 23 formed on the back surface of the floor plate 21 and a cylindrical core 26 erected from the foundation 1, which is connected to the elastic bodies 29, 30, 31. Claim 1 characterized in that
A suspended structure building as described in item 1 or 2. 4. According to any one of claims 1 to 3, the vibration absorbing device 35 is configured such that a weight 38 connected by a strip 37 is disposed between the ground and the floor 15. suspended structure buildings. 5. A suspended structure building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the number of shafts 8 is plural. 6. A suspended structure building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the foundation 1 buried in the ground has a pad 5 projecting like a brim.