JPH0460198B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Industrial Application Field" The present invention is applicable to the application of mortar or concrete to tunnel walls when lining excavated walls with concrete as a primary supporting member in, for example, tunnel construction work. The present invention relates to a coating method and an apparatus therefor.

``Prior Art'' Conventionally, as a primary support member of this type, a pressure-fed shotcrete construction method shown in FIG. 7 has been known for lining the excavated wall of a tunnel with concrete.

In FIG. 7, reference numeral T designates a tunnel excavated within the ground G, and the wall surface W of the tunnel T is lined with concrete C as a primary supporting member by a pressure-fed shotcrete construction method.
In the pressure-fed shotcrete construction method, a worker holds the nozzle N by hand toward the wall surface W, which sprays concrete from the tip that is pumped through the hose by compressed air. Concrete of a predetermined thickness is sprayed onto the wall surface W by moving the concrete.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" However, according to the conventional pressure-fed shotcrete method, the concrete C, which has been mixed in advance with a mixer, is transferred by compressed air and then injected from the tip of the nozzle N. As a result, since the concrete is sprayed onto the tunnel wall W, a large amount of concrete dust is scattered and floated in the air inside the tunnel T, and workers working inside the tunnel T are exposed to poor conditions. Improving the working environment has become a major problem in recent years, as work must be carried out in a safe working environment, and despite measures such as the use of dust masks, it can cause occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis. It's summery.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and when lining the wall inside the tunnel with concrete as a primary supporting member, concrete dust is generated in the air inside the tunnel. By lining the walls with concrete, the work environment inside the tunnel is improved, and
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for applying concrete that does not cause waste such as splashing compared to construction by spraying, and that can cover the ground with uniform and dense concrete. do.

"Means for Solving the Problems" In order to solve the problems mentioned above, the method of the present invention provides a method in which a coating section consisting of a plurality of plates each having an opening in at least one of them is spaced apart from each other at regular intervals with respect to the wall surface. After applying the concrete to the space between the wall surface and the plate material through the opening of the plate material, and while alternately moving the plurality of plate materials of the application section toward and away from the wall surface, Concrete is applied to the wall surface, and the apparatus of the present invention includes an application section made up of a combination of a plurality of plates each having an opening in at least one of them, and a transfer unit that transfers the concrete to the opening. A driving device that alternately moves a plurality of plate materials of the application section toward and away from the wall surface, and a base that holds the application section substantially parallel to the wall surface. .

"Embodiments" Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. Figures 1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention, Figures 1 to 3 are for explaining the apparatus of the present invention, and Figures 4 to 6 are for explaining the method of the present invention. belongs to. In these figures, the same elements as those shown in the prior art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

First, the apparatus of the present invention will be described. Reference numeral 1 in the figure is the concrete coating apparatus (hereinafter simply referred to as "the apparatus") of the present invention. This device 1 includes a coating section 4 made up of a combination of four plates 3 having an opening 2 in the center, a transfer section 5 for transferring concrete to the opening, and the four plates 3, 3. The main components are a drive device 6 that alternately moves two of the sheets into and out of contact with the other two sheets, and a base 7 that holds the coating section 4 substantially parallel to the wall surface. It is said that

In this embodiment, the application portion 4 is formed by combining square plate materials 3, 3, ... having a predetermined wall thickness with two sides adjacent to each other, so that the application portion 4 has a predetermined size (in this embodiment, It forms a square of approximately 500 x 500 mm), and each board 3, 3,...
An opening 2 is formed by cutting out a circular portion in the center. This opening 2, 2,...
is fixed to the back side of the plate material 3 and is attached with a rubber pipe material which serves as a transfer section 5 for concrete to be supplied to the opening 2. This pipe material includes four branch pipes 5a connected to the opening 2,
It consists of a main pipe 5b connected to these branch pipes 5a, and at predetermined locations between the branch pipes 5a and the main pipe 5b, there are extensible and contractible pipes so as to be able to follow the movements of the coating section 4 and the base 7. Sections 5c and 5d are provided. Further, at a predetermined location in the transfer section 5, when the concrete C to be transferred is supplied to the wall surface from the opening 2, a powder quick-setting agent is pumped and added in order to harden the concrete C to a predetermined hardness. A supply unit 8 is attached for the purpose. In this embodiment, this supply section 8 is made of rubber tube material, and the main pipe 5b
connected to the end of the Note that the supply section 8 may be connected to the branch pipe 5a near the opening 2.

On the other hand, the plates 3, 3, . . . of the application section 4 are connected to the driving device 6, 3, . 6,..., respectively. In this embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder is used as the drive device 6 for moving the plate materials 3, 3, ... toward and away from the wall surface W, and the other end of the mounting fitting 9 is connected to the cylinder. The cylinder is fixed to the connecting rod 6a, and the base end of the cylinder is fixed to the base 7. An arm portion of a coating machine body 11 using a general-purpose machine as shown in FIG. 12.

Next, a method of applying concrete to the wall surface of a tunnel to be constructed using the above-mentioned apparatus 1 will be explained.

First, after moving the applicator main body 11 to the vicinity where the wall surface W in the tunnel T excavated in the ground G is to be lined with concrete as a primary supporting member, the arm portion 12 is moved toward the wall surface W. While driving, the applicator 4 of the device 1 is held substantially parallel to the wall surface W at a predetermined distance. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, concrete C, which is pumped at a low slump from a concrete pump (not shown), is supplied between the wall surface W and the plate material 3 from the openings 2, 2, ... of the application section 4. , among the plates 3, 3, ..., which are diagonally opposed to the right, and the other plates 3, 3, which are diagonally opposed to the left, are alternately brought into contact with and away from the wall surface W, so that the concrete C can be moved to a predetermined level. Apply it by pressing it to the thickness of . Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, by moving the arm portion 12 from the bottom of the wall surface W toward the top, the entire wall surface of the tunnel T is coated uniformly.

In addition, in this embodiment, the application section 4 is
As shown in FIG. 5, the arrows X to X shown in the figure indicate the distance between the supports 11, which are provided at predetermined intervals in the direction of excavation of the tunnel T and along the circumferential direction of the wall surface W. It may be moved along the trajectory of the wall W, as shown in Figure 4.
The upper part of the wall W is covered with a bird wire net 12 to improve the adhesion of the concrete, so that the concrete C is uniformly applied to the wall surface W.

Therefore, according to the method and apparatus for applying concrete of the present invention, the excavated wall surface W of a tunnel
Since the concrete C can be applied while being pressed against the surface of the tunnel T, concrete dust will not be scattered in the air inside the tunnel T, and workers working inside the tunnel T can use a good mask without using a dust mask. The concrete lining work as a supporting member for the wall W can be performed in the working environment, and there is no risk of contracting occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis. Furthermore, compared to construction using the shotcrete method, there is no waste such as splashing of concrete, and the wall surface can be lined with concrete more uniformly and densely.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the number and size (surface area and thickness) of the plates 3 of the application section 4 can be arbitrarily changed in design according to the conditions of use. Of course, the size and number of the openings 2 provided in the plate material 3, which plate materials are brought into contact with and away from the wall surface, the order and combination thereof, the size of the stroke of the plate materials 3 to be brought into contact with and away from the wall surface, etc. are all arbitrary. It is desirable to use a concrete material that has been mixed with a thickener, aggregate, etc. so as to have the most appropriate viscosity for the device of the present invention.

Further, in the above embodiment, a case was described in which concrete was applied to an excavated wall surface in a tunnel, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to walls of general structures.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, the present invention includes a coating section made of a combination of a plurality of plates each having an opening in at least one of them, a transfer section for transferring concrete to the opening, and a coating section for transferring concrete to the opening. Pressing concrete against the wall using a device that includes a drive device that alternately moves the plurality of plate materials of the attached section toward and away from the wall surface, and a base that holds the application section approximately parallel to the wall surface. Since it is designed to be applied while
Concrete can be applied to walls without creating concrete dust in the air,
The working environment can be improved. Furthermore, compared to construction using shotcrete construction methods, there is no waste such as splashing of concrete, and it is possible to apply uniformly and densely to the wall surface, improving construction accuracy and efficiency. be able to.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 6 show one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a side view of a concrete coating device showing the main parts of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1. 3 is a front view of the plate material, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 1, and is a rear view of the plate material. Figure 4 is a side view of the excavated wall surface showing the area where the paint is painted on the wall surface, Figure 5 is a front view of the excavated wall surface showing the state of Figure 4 viewed from the direction perpendicular to the wall surface, and Figure 6 The figure is a cross-sectional view of the entire tunnel, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel, showing a conventional technique. W... Wall surface, C... Concrete, 1... Concrete coating device, 2... Opening, 3... Board material, 4... Coating part, 5... Transfer part (pipe material), 6...
... Drive device (cylinder), 7... Base.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. After providing a coating section made of a plurality of plates having an opening in at least one of them substantially parallel to a wall surface at a constant interval, A method for applying concrete, comprising supplying concrete between the plate materials and applying concrete to the wall surface while alternately moving the plurality of plate materials of the application section toward and away from the wall surface. 2. A coating section consisting of a combination of a plurality of plates having at least one opening, a transfer section for transferring concrete to the opening, and a plurality of plates of the coating section alternately separated from the wall surface. A concrete coating device comprising: a driving device that brings the coating portion into contact with the wall surface; and a base that holds the coating portion substantially parallel to a wall surface.