JPH0461353B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a childbirth head rotation simulator.

(b) Prior art During delivery, the fetus is in the following posture (orientation).
The baby is delivered from the mother's body while changing. That is,
As shown in Figure 8, in the first cephalic position, fetus B initially turns its back to the left side of mother M (a);
As the head descends down the birth canal, the fetus turns clockwise and faces down (b, c), emerges outside the mother's body from the back of the head (d), and when the head is completely delivered (e),
The fetus turns again in the opposite direction (to the left) and is delivered from the shoulder (from horizontal to vertical) (f). In the second cephalic position, the fetus's back is on the right side of the mother's body and moves in the opposite direction during delivery compared to the first cephalic position. Appropriate assistance is required at each stage of childbirth, and for training purposes, a device (simulator) that shows the movements of the fetus at each stage of childbirth is desired.

Conventionally, this type of device used a model in which a fetal model was placed inside a model of the lower abdomen of a female body, and the instructor moved the fetal model with his hands to teach the childbirth process and assistance methods. is proposed.

(C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention With such a device, the instructor must simultaneously explain the fetal movements during delivery and the assistance movements by hand. It was extremely difficult to demonstrate properly and required an assistant, which was inconvenient.

(d) Means and effects for solving the problem The present invention proposes a birthing baby's head rotation simulator that solves the above problems.

The device of the present invention includes a base having at least a pelvis model on its upper surface, a model of at least the head of a fetus during normal delivery, a rotating shaft having the head model attached to one end, and the rotating shaft being the rotating shaft. a carriage rotatable about its center and equipped with means for supporting via a spherical bearing at one point in its length direction; a means for rotationally driving the rotating shaft; a means for swinging the rotating shaft; The carriage is reciprocated in the longitudinal direction relative to the base, and the head model selects a position within or near the pelvis model and a position where the head model appears outside through the lower opening of the pelvis model. and a tilting drive disposed within the rotating shaft in association with the head model and tilting the head model between a chin-retracted position and a chin-protruded position. and means. By controlling each of the above-mentioned means according to predetermined correlations and anteroposterior relationships, it is possible to simulate the rotation of the fetal head during normal childbirth.

(e) Examples The illustrated embodiment will be described in detail below.

1 is a base, 2 is a pelvis model placed at one end of the upper surface of the base 1, 3 is a fetal head model, and 4 is a head model 3
This is a drive guide mechanism that moves from inside the pelvic cavity 2a through the opening 2b provided at the lower part of the pelvic cavity 2a while rotating, tilting and displacing the pelvis as will be described later.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a guide frame fixed to the upper surface of the base 1, one end of which is adjacent to the pelvic cavity 2a, and a carriage 6 mounted on the upper surface.
It has a pair of rails 7 that guide and support the slider so that it can move forward and backward in the longitudinal direction. Reference numeral 8 denotes a roller hanging from the bottom surface of the carriage 6 and rollingly contacting the side edge of each rail 7.

9 is a drive motor for the carriage 6, 9a is a reducer, 10 is a nut (Fig. 3) screwed onto a screw rod 11 connected to the output shaft of the reducer 9a, and is fixed to the lower surface of the carriage 6. The carriage 6 is moved forward and backward along the guide rail 7 in accordance with the rotation of the screw rod 11.

A support 12 is installed on the carriage 6 and is rotatable relative to the carriage 6 about an axis 13. An upright frame 14 and a fork 15 are fixed to the upper surface of the support.

16 is a bearing member, and the outer spherical surface of the spherical portion 16a corresponds to the concave spherical surface 14a of the upright frame 14 (FIGS. 5 and 6).
is fitted to form a spherical bearing, and a flange 16c is fixed to one of the ends 16b.

A rotating shaft 17 is rotatably inserted and supported by the bearing member 16, and inserted and held between a pair of fingers 15a of the fork 15 so as to be vertically movable and rotatable.

A motor 18 is attached to the rear end of the rotary shaft 17 and rotates the rotary shaft 17 via a transmission section 19 . 20
is a bearing sleeve that supports the rear end of the rotating shaft 17 and is fixed to the casing of the transmission section 19. 21 is a vertical operating rod whose upper fork portion 21a is pivotally connected to the bearing sleeve 20, and a through hole 12a (FIG. 4) provided in the support body 12;
An arcuate slot 6a (first
(Fig. 3 and 4), has a horizontal roller 22 (Figs. 3 and 4) at its lower end, and terminates in a vertical contact roller 23. Vertical actuating rod 21 as described below
When it moves up and down, the bearing sleeve 20 moves up and down, and as a result, the rotating shaft 17 tilts in a seesaw manner with respect to the upright frame 14 via the spherical bearing.

Reference numeral 24 denotes a guide groove provided in the length direction of the guide frame 5, which includes two straight portions 24a, 24c and an intermediate diagonal portion 24.
b (Fig. 3), and a horizontal roller 22 of a vertical operating rod 21 is fitted into this guide groove 24 so as to be able to roll. The bottom surface 25 of the guide groove is uneven as shown in cross section in FIG. 4, and the vertical contact roller 23 at the lower end of the vertical operating rod 21 rolls into contact with the bottom surface 25 of the guide groove.

The carriage 6 moves forward along the guide rail 7 (to the right) from the retreated position shown in Fig. 3 due to the energization of the motor 9.
When it is moved, the horizontal roller 22 of the vertical actuating rod 21 moves along the guide groove 24, and the straight portion 2
4a to the oblique portion 24b, the vertical actuating rod 21 can be displaced within the arcuate slot 6a of the carriage 6.
1 is inserted through the support body 12 about its axis 13 relative to the carriage 6. The support body 12 is slightly rotated clockwise in FIG. 1 with respect to the carriage 6. When the support body 12 rotates in this manner, it is supported by the upright frame 14 and the fork 15
The rotating shaft 17 engaged with the shaft 1 of the support 12 also
Rotate clockwise around 3. When the horizontal roller 22 of the actuating rod 21 moves from the oblique portion 24b of the guide groove 24 to the straight portion 24c, further rotation of the support 12 and thus the rotating shaft 17 is stopped.

The horizontal roller 22 of the vertical operating rod 21 is connected to the guide groove 24.
, the vertical abutting roller 23 at the lower end of the vertical operating rod 21 rolls along the bottom surface 25 of the guide groove 24, and the roller 23 rolls along the bottom surface 25.
When the vertical actuating rod 21 comes into contact with the protrusion 25a, it is lifted up against the tension spring 26, and then when it comes into contact with the recess 25b, it is lowered by the spring 26. Since the upper end of the vertical operating rod 21 is connected to the bearing sleeve 20 of the rotating shaft 17, the vertical operating rod 21 is moved up and down by the rotating shaft (the fourth
17 (represented by chain lines in the figure) is a spherical bearing of the upright frame 14 (in Figure 4, the center is O-1, O-2, O-3).
(represented by ) swings like a seesaw, so to speak.

That is, when the carriage 6 and the support body 12 are in the initial (left end) position shown by the solid line in FIG. 17-
1, but when the carriage 6 is moved to the right and the vertical roller 23 comes to the position P2 and then P3 of the recess 25b in the groove bottom surface 25, the rotating shaft 17 moves along the chain lines 17-2 and 17-3. As shown, the bearing tilts downward to the left and downward to the right at points (spherical bearings) O-2 and O-3.

Therefore, when the carriage 6 moves along the guide frame 5, the rotating shaft 17 performs a combined movement of horizontal rotation around the axis 13 and seesaw-like rocking around the spherical bearing. Let's do it. In addition, the energization of the motor 18 causes the rotary shaft 17 to rotate about its own axis. This rotation of the rotating shaft 17 is supported by the bearing sleeve 20 and the bearing member 16.

The fetal head model 3 is provided at the tip of the rotating shaft 17 via a tilting mechanism 30 (a mechanism that tilts the fetal head model backwards to protrude the chin and conversely moves the chin so as to pull it back). That is, as best shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a rotating cylinder 31 is fixed to the tip of the rotating shaft 17 so as to be rotatable at the same time. 32 is a support arm fixed to the tip of the rotary cylinder 31; 33
A bracket is rotatably connected to the tip of the support arm 32, and the fetal head model 3 is fixed to this bracket.

34 is a motor installed inside the rotating cylinder, 35 is its output shaft, 36 is a worm at the tip thereof, 37 is a worm wheel, 38 is a rotating shaft to which the worm wheel 37 is fixed, and 39 is fixed to the rotating shaft 38. A rudder wheel, 40 is a rudder chain, 41 is a rudder wheel fixed to a shaft 42, this shaft is fixed to a bracket 33, and the support arm 3
It is rotatably supported at the tip of 2.

When the rudder chain 40 is run counterclockwise in FIG. 6 through the worm 36, worm wheel 37, and rudder wheel 39 by the rotation of the motor 34, the rudder wheel 41 and therefore the shaft 42 are rotated counterclockwise. be done. As a result, the head model 3 tilts in the direction of the arrow Y so as to raise its head (to put out its chin) with respect to the support arm 32. When the motor 34 is reversed, the ladder chain 40 runs clockwise in FIG. 6, tilting the head model 3 in the opposite direction (as if pulling the chin).

S11, S12, and S13 are micro switches that control this tilting movement, and S11 also controls S12 and S1 by an operating piece 38a fixed to the rotating shaft 38.
3 are respectively controlled to open and close by operating pieces 38b fixed to the rotating shaft 38.

As shown in FIG. 2, switches S4 to S10 are provided on the side surface of the guide frame 5 and are operated by a switch operating arm 6b vertically mounted on the carriage 6 to carry out the control described below. S shown in Figure 1
1, S2, and S3 are a start switch, a stop switch, and a return switch provided on the upper surface of the base 1, respectively. In addition, S14 and S15 are flange 1
The operating projections 17a on the rotating shaft 17 are operated by micro switches arranged at 90° intervals at 6c (Fig. 5).
It is operated by the control unit and performs the control described later.

In the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 1, when the start switch S1 (FIG. 1) is pressed with the fetal head model 3 in the first head position (sideways with its left side facing down), the motor 9 starts. The carriage 6 rotates and moves to the right in FIGS. 1-4. By moving the carriage 6 to the right, the switch actuating arm 6
When b operates the switch S5, the motor 18 is energized and the rotating shaft 17 rotates clockwise (in the direction indicated by arrow Rotate it so that

As the carriage 6 moves to the right, the vertical roller 23 of the vertical actuating rod 21 rolls on the cam surface 25 from position P1 of the guide groove 24 and approaches the convex portion 25a, causing the rotating shaft 17 to move to the right around the spherical bearing. The head model 3 moves to the lower right within the pelvic cavity. When the horizontal roller 22 of the vertical operating rod 21 enters the oblique portion 24b of the guide groove 24 and moves forward, the support 12 rotates clockwise in FIG. rotate clockwise,
The head model 3 moves to the center of the pelvic cavity. The vertical roller 23 of the vertical actuating rod 21 moves into the recess 25 of the cam surface 25.
When it comes to position P-2 of b, the rotating shaft 17 is at the fulcrum O-2.
As the right side tilts upward as shown by 17-2, the head model 3 is moved slightly upward while facing downward. In the head model 3, the rear part of the neck is located below the pubic bone (Fig. 7a).

By this time, the rotating shaft 17 has changed from the state shown in FIG.
It is rotated 90 degrees and the actuating piece 17a is the flange 16c.
Since the upper switch S15 is operated to deenergize the motor 18 and stop the rotation shaft 17, the head model 3 is held with its face facing downward.

By this time, the horizontal roller 2 of the vertical operating rod 21
2 is inserted into the straight portion 24c of the guide groove 24.
When the switch operating piece 6b operates the switch S7, the motor 34 is energized and the rudder chain 40 runs counterclockwise in FIG. Y direction)
move to. When the switch operating piece 38a (FIGS. 5 and 6) operates the switch S11 due to the movement of the head model, the motor 34 is deenergized and the movement of the head is stopped. During this time, the carriage 6 continues to move to the right, and the vertical roller 23 at the lower end of the vertical operating rod 24 rolls into contact with the convex portion 25c of the cam surface, so that the rotating shaft 17 is tilted so that the right end thereof descends. That is, the head model 3 moves diagonally downward to the right and moves out of the pelvis through the lower (right side in the figure) opening of the pelvic cavity while lifting the back of the head and protruding the ``chin'' (Fig. 7b).

When the switch actuating arm 6a operates the switch S9, the motor 18 is reversed and the rotating shaft 17 is reversed, so that the head model 3 that has exited the pelvic cavity is rotated sideways again with the left side facing down. , 90°
When rotated, the protrusion 17a on the rotating shaft 17 operates the switch S14 on the flange 16c to stop the motor 18. Motor 3 is activated by the operation of switch S9.
4 is reversely biased, the rudder chain 40 is rotated in the opposite direction (clockwise in FIG. 6), the head model 3 is moved in the direction of pulling the jaw, and when the switch S12 is operated by the switch operating piece 38b, the motor is activated. 34 is deenergized, and the head model 3 is stopped with the chin pulled to the middle (a state halfway between the initial chin pulled state and the chin protruded state). During this time, the carriage moves to the right and the operating arm 6a switches to switch S10.
When the motor 9 is activated, the motor 9 is deenergized and the carriage 6
stops.

The head model thus far simulates the movements shown in FIGS. 8a to 8f.

When the return switch S3 is pressed, the motor 9 is energized in the reverse direction, the carriage 6 is moved in the opposite direction (to the left in the figure), and the motor 18 is energized in the forward direction, causing the head model to rotate in a downward direction and move into the pelvic cavity. When the switch S8 is activated, the motor 34 is reversely energized and the head model is moved from the state where the jaw is pulled halfway to the original state where the jaw is further pulled, and the motor 34 is deenergized when the switch S13 is activated. , then switch S
6 is activated, the motor 18 is energized to rotate in the normal direction, and the head model is moved from the face-down position to the first horizontal position.
will stop and the device will return to its original state. As is clear from the above description, switches S6 and S8 are not operated when the carriage reciprocates to the right, and switches S5, S7 and S9 are not operated when the carriage returns to the left.

In the illustrated embodiment, the fetal head model is shown with its left side facing down (first head position), but a configuration with its right side facing down (second head position) is also possible. In this case, the guide groove 24 is symmetrical to the case shown. That is, the oblique portion 24c is located at the left end of the straight portion 24b.
In the figure, the straight portion 24a is connected to the upper left side of the figure, and the straight portion 24a is connected to the left end thereof. Such two types of grooves may be provided in advance so that they can be selectively used, and the head model can also be selectively attached to the left side or the right side. In addition, the fetal model can include not only the head but also the entire body. Furthermore, a model of the entire female body may be used instead of a pelvis model.

(f) Effects As described above, the device of the present invention can automatically simulate the movement of the fetal head during childbirth, and is therefore extremely effective in teaching childbirth and its assistance in obstetrics.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view thereof, Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 1 excluding the upper component, Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the operation, and Fig. 5 is a partial Enlarged plan view, Figure 6 is a front view of Figure 5, Figures 7 a and b are diagrams showing different stages of tilting of the head model, Figure 8 a, b, c, d, e, and f are normal. It is an explanatory view showing the movement of the fetus during delivery. 1... Base, 2... Pelvis model, 5... Guide frame,
6... Carriage, 12... Support body, 16... Bearing member, 17... Rotating shaft, 24... Guide groove, 30... Tilting mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 a. A base having at least a pelvic model on its upper surface; b. A model of at least the head of a fetus during normal delivery; c. A rotating shaft to which the head model is attached at one end; d. The above. a carriage equipped with means for supporting a rotary shaft rotatably around its axis via a spherical bearing at one point along its length; e. rotational driving means for the rotary shaft; and f. the rotary shaft. a rocking means for reciprocating the carriage relative to the base in its longitudinal direction, and moving the head model to a position in or near the pelvis model and through a lower opening of the pelvis model; a driving guide means for selectively positioning the head model in a position where the chin is pulled in and a position in which the chin is protruded; a tilting drive means for tilting the head model between positions; i. a rotation drive means for the rotating shaft, a swinging means for the rotating shaft, a drive guide means for the carriage, and a tilting drive means for the head model; A childbirth head rotation simulator comprising: means for controlling according to correlation and context;